Mamuli No. 68
Title
Mamuli No. 68
extracted text
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
Senc es guli patara
gaxsen Cemo gogona...
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
gazafxuli maxara
pawawina enZelam...
sad xar, Cemo SavTvalav,
uSenoba meZnela.
yvavilebis Tovlia,
avayvavoT fiqrebic,
rogorc zRva da Tolia,
mudam erTad viqnebiT. ioseb
yvelam guli gaSala kvirtmac, vardis kokormac,
qarTuli gazeTi amerikaSi
1
noneSvili
marti-aprili, 2012 N68
asaval-dasavalis gfhnybjhj,bs
redaqtoris
aucilebeli
ganmarteba
gazeTis am nomris gamosvlamde ori dRiT adre adgili
hqonda saredaqcio saqmianobaSi uxeSi Carevis mcdelobas amerikaSi
mcxovrebi Tu moRvawe subieqtebis mxridan.
redaqcia Seecada problemis lokalizebas mSvidobiani gziT,
ise rom ar darRveula saredaqcio Tavisufleba.
Tumca, gvsurs ganvacxadoT - ganmeorebiT aseTi mcdelobis
SemTxvevaSi viqnebiT daundobelni da vimoqmedebT @masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebis Sesaxeb~ SeerTebuli Statebis kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad.
aqve, kidev erTxel mivuTiTebT yvelas, rom redaqcias dauSveblad miaCnia polemikaSi Sevides nebismier organizaciasTan Tu
pirovnebasTan mkiTxvelis interesis sazianod.
gazeTi xelmZRvanelobs Tavisufali presis principiT, aris
apolitikuri, Tumc sazogadoebriv-SemecnebiTi.
sagazeTo kabadonebSi ar gamoxatavs sakuTar pozicias,
ar aris neitraluri,
masSi masalebi mxolod mkiTxvelis SesaZlo Tu arsebuli
interesis Sesabamisad ibeWdeba da SesaZloa ar emTxveodes gamomcemelTa azrsa da xedvas.
redaqcia emijneba saqarTveloSi danergil uxeS tendencias
pirovnuli Seuracxyofebisa da cdilobs koreqtuli iyos adamianis uflebaTa dacvis Tu maTi moxseniebis mxriv.
gazeTis gamomcemlis uflebas vflob Tavad, gazeTi gaxlavT
isev Cems pirad sakuTrebaSi da Sesabamisad ar vaRiareb raime
formiT damokidebulebas romelime politikuri Tu biznes-organizaciisadmi.
gazeTi gaisad aTi wlis xdeba, momaval TveSi ki @mamuls~
Jurnalis saxiT, axal formatSi, saintereso masalebiTa da rubrikebiT ixilavs mkiTxveli.
momaval Sexvedramde!
2
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
winaprebi
mitropoliti
daviTi (kaWaxiZe)
istoriuli eqskursi
saukuneTa manZilze qarTuli
eklesia gmirulad ebrZoda xilul
da uxilav mtrebs, RvTis SewevniT
laxavda maT mier warmoqmnil mraval dabrkolebas, raTa uryevi yofiliyo WeSmariti rwmena pirvelyovlisa berSi da mere erSi. mravali brZola gadaitana qristianobisaTvis Cvenma eklesiam. iyo SemTxvevebi, sadac sityva aRar Wrida
mtrebTan, maxvili aRumarTavs maT
winaaRmdeg samRvdeloebas, raTa arasgziT daeTmo rwmena da rjuli.
jer kidev XIII saukunidan moyolebuli monRolTa, sparsTa da
Turq-monRolTa batonobam sagrZnoblad Searyia araTu Cveni qveynis
saxelmwifoebrioba, aramed TviT
Cveni deda-eklesiac, magram arc
saxelmwifos da arc eklesias TavianTi damoukidebloba ar daukargavs da gverdi-gverd SeTanxmebulad ebrZodnen momxvdurs.
mere iyo da ruseTis imperiam
erTmorwmuneobis droSiT daipyro
saqarTvelo, romelmac TviTneburi
moqmedebiT gaauqma saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia da igi ruseTis saeklesio wmida sinods dauqvemdebara. saqarTvelos samociqulo
eklesia ruseTis sapatriarqos daeqvemdebara saegzarqoso statusiT.
manamde ki:
saqarTvelo Tavis kaTolikoss
Tavadve irCevda da Tavis saqmeSi
damoukidebeli iyo. XV saukunidan dasavleT saqarTvelos patriarqi mcxeTis kaTalikosis uzenaesobas aRiarebda. ase iyo XIX saukunis dasawyisamde. ruseTis sinodma usamarTlo gadawyvetilebiT
araerTi mRvdelmsaxuri moaSora
mSobliur qveyanas. es is samRvdeloeba iyo, romelic mTel Tavis
Zal-Rones da energias mSobliuri eklesiis warsulis kvlevas
andomebda da zrunavda misi damoukideblobis aRdgenisaTvis. ruseTis eklesiis wmida sinodma maTSi
saSiSi pirovnebebi dainaxa da saqarTvelodan gaasaxla. gadasaxlebuli, devnili mRvdelmTavrebi, ra
Tqma unda, deda-eklesiis wiaRidan
Camocilebas ganicdidnen, magram
mogvianebiT mainc saqarTvelos ubrundebodnen da aqtiurad ebmebodnen qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliisaTvis brZolaSi. egzarqosobis
aseqvswlian periodSi saqarTvelos
pirveli eqzarqosi mitropoliti
varlami (erisTavi) erovnebiT qarTveli iyo, danarCenebi ki rusebi
(sul saqarTvelos egzarqosebad
movlenili iyo cxrameti samRvdelo piri).
1819-20 wlebSi dasavleT saqarTveloSi gatarebuli e.w. reformiT Seamcires eparqiebi. 1905-1907
wlebis saxalxo moZraobam Sedegad
is gamoiRo, rom daCqarda saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukideblobis
aRdgena. avtokefaliis xelaxali
mopoveba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebelma eklesiam 1917 wlis 12
marts moaxerxa, magram qarTvelTaTvis am sanetaro viTarebam didxans
ver gastana. qveynis totalurma
bolSevizaciam didi zarali miayena saqarTvelos... daaknina da daaqveiTa qarTuli eklesia... gaiZarcva
eklesia-monastrebi... daxvrites
warCinebuli da mamulisTvis gulanTebuli mRvdelmsaxurebi, Tu
visac sadac waewien... usamarTlo
braldebiT daapatimres, gaasamarTles da karga xniT cixeSi gamoamwyvdies uwmindesi da unetaresi
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarqi ambrosi...
yvelaferi ki 1921 wlis 25
Tebervlis Semdeg dagvatyda Tavs.
saqarTvelos menSevikuri mTavroba
saprotesto notiT mimarTavs ruseTs, magram uSedegod (saqarTvelom
ruseTTan omi waago da amiT damarcxda Tavisuflebis idea yvela
aspeqtSi). ruseTis armiebma yoveli mxridan Semoutia Cvens qveyanas da sabolood dai pyro kidec
igi. saqarTvelom am dros araTu
mxolod damoukidebloba, aramed
Tavisi teritoriebis umniSvnelovanesi nawilic ki dakarga.
masobriv politikur represiebs
inteligenciis saukeTeso nawilis
sikvdiliT dasja mohyva. Cvens saukuneSi eklesiis bedi ar SeiZleba
SevadaroT arc erT sxva drois
da periodebis viTarebas, imdenad
rTuli da gamouvali mdgomareoba sufevda.
sabWoTa xelisufleba - es iyo
mteri, romelmac Zlieri da daundobeli dartyma pirvelyovlisa
eklesias miayena. TviT qarTvelTa
xeliT ingreoda, iwvoda da miwasTan swordeboda saukuneebis winaT
nagebi qarTuli taZrebi da monastrebi, fexqveS gaTeles xatebi da
siwmideebi, Zveli saRvTo wignebi
da xelnawerebi. 1923 wels 1500ze meti eklesia daixura. am aqcias saTaveSi adgilobrivi partiuli organizaciebi Caudgnen. `eklesiebi ixureba adgilobrivi partiuli komitetebis gadawyvetilebebiT iZulebis wesiT. Sejibreba
gaimarTa mazrebs Soris. saqme iqamde
mivida, rom rig mazrebSi arc erTi
eklesia ar darCenila dauxuravi,
zogan ki daungrevelic~, - iuwyeboda `saqarTvelos komunisti~.
`ers ugmoben da arTmeven mSobliur enas, mas ubilwaven mamapapur erovnul kulturas, dasasrul,
mas ubRalaven wmidaTa wmidas sarwmunoebriv grZnobas da sindisis Tavisuflebis droSis qveS
nebas ar aZleven Tavisuflad daikmayofilos religiuri moTxovnileba. misi samRvdeloeba ukiduresad devnilia. misi eklesia - es
Zvelis ZvelTave faqtori saqarTve-
yvela qarTvels eamayeba Tavisi gvareulobis
warmomadgenelTa saxelovneba. yvela Taviseburad
warmoaCens da ase vTqvaT afetiSebs kidec maT
Rvawls eris winaSe.
es kargicaa.
arc erTi keTili saqme ar unda daikargos
adamianTa Tvalsawieris gareSe, miTumetes Tu aseT
sakeTilo saqmeze xeli Sens Soreul Tu axlo
naTesavs, an sulac gvaris moziares uWiravs. vcdilobT kidec davaaxlovoT maTi Rvawli Cvens pirovnul miswrafebebTan leitmotivad imisa, rom
Cvenc ase unda vakeTebdeT da, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi,
maTze ukeT, Tu es Cvens potencials Zalad Seswevs.
es trabaxi araa, es erTgvari keTilSobiluri mizania TiToeuli adamianis.
gvareuloba iseTi ramaa, da mainc qarTvelebisTvis, rom igi imTaviTve individualurad gangawyobs subieqturad mis mimarT. Tvalsac daxuWav
Seni gvaris winaSe. imitom, rom igi Senia konkretulad - Seni Svilis da SviliSvilis da a.S.
eri zogadi cnebaa, sadac yvela jiSis gvari
iyris erTad Tavs. magram gvari - es Seni ojaxia,
sakuTriv Seni, mama-papis saZvale, reliqvia da
ojaxuri siwmideebi. ase magaliTad, Tu ojaxSi
saTuTad inaxeba jariskacis samkuTxa baraTebi
didi samamulo omis frontidan gamogzavnili, is
mniSvnelovani da sapativcemulo SenTvisaa, Torem
sxvagan rom waiRo, imas daekargeba sakralobis
mniSvneloba, radgan SeiZleba sxvasac hqondes aseTive
baraTebi. swored, aseT siwmindeebzea saubari `baraTi sisxlis cremlnatboravi,
beWedi, Zvirfas alTa mTovari,
sayure, tkbilis Crdilis mTxovari -
qadageba uZRebi Svilis kviras
dRes Tqven gesmaT Tqmuli ieso qristes mier igavi uZReb Svilze. viswavloT am
igavidan. uZRebis moqmedebis qveSe unda vigulisxmoT kacis moqmedeba.
Svilma mosTxova mamas Tavisi wili qonebidan. ganeyo mas, warvida misgan Sors, iq
cxovrobda arawmidebiTa, gaflanga Tavisi sacxovrebeli da Semdeg did gaWirvebas
ganicdida. kacma miiRo RvTisgan, zecier mamisagan, qoneba-niWni: goneba, guli, mnebeloba, Rone - da ganeSora mas; masTan mWidro, cxoveli kavSiris daWeras, masTan erTad
cxovrebas amjobina gancalkevebiT yofna, imis nebis asrulebas, imis mier naCveneb
saTnoebaTa ganxorcielebas arCia Tavis nebaze moqmedeba, Tavisi TavmoyvareobiT biwieri survilebis dakmayofileba. amnairis qceviT man warado Tavisi qoneba, dakarga msgavseba RvTisa da amasTan erTad bednierebac. amitom igi aw wuxs da itanjeba
bunebisaganac da kacTaganac.
uZRebi Svili movida gons da uTxra TavisTavs: ramdeni kacia mamaCemTan kmayofilebaSi da me ki aq vwvalob, waval masTan da vetyvi: Segcode, mamav, Zlier gawyenine,
ara var Rirsi, viwodo Sens Svilad, garna mapatie da mimiRe mosamsaxured.
qristiani unda Caukvirdes Tavis mdgomareobas, unda mixvdes, rom ar varga misTvis yofna ganSorebiT RvTisa, rom igi kacur daniSnulebas aasrulebs da bednierebas i povnis maSin, roca ufalTan dabrundeba. mas SeuerTdeba da mis mcnebaTaebr
icxovrebs. uZRebma Svilma Tavisi ganzraxva, Tavis naTqvami sisruleSi moiyvana, aRdga, mivida mamasTan da uTxra mas: mamav, Segcode, ara var Rirsi viyo Seni Svili, garna Semindev, mimiRe, rogorc erTi muSakTagani. - kacma unda Seignos aucilebloba
RmerTTan dabrunebisa, imis wm. nebisamebr cxovrebisa da marTlac unda miiqces imisadmi, unda moikveTos, ganagdos cudni Cveulebani, codviTni midrekilebani da SeiZinos keTilni Tvisebani, unda moi povos msgavseba RvTisa.
mamam didis sixaruliT miiRo uZRebi Svili, Semosa igi da gamarTa lxini imis
mosvlisa gamo. - RmerTic siyvaruliT miiRebs yovelive kacs, romelic isurvebs
masTan misvlas, romelic moiSorebs borot CveulebaT da RvTis nebas daemorCileba, saxarebisamebr moiqceva; ufali mas aRavsebs sasixarulo grZnobebiTa, mianiWebs
Tavis cxovelmyofel madlsa da netaryofs mas saukunod.
maS, Zmano, viswrafoT uflisadmi, gavisworoT xasiaTi, vicxovroT keTilad, SevimosoT saTnoebiT da zecieri mama mogvcems sulis kmakofilebas, Cvens gulSi
aaCqefs uSret wyaros bednierebisas.
qvaSveTis taZarSi, 1910 w.
los erovnuli saxelmwifoebrivi amaRlebis da Zlierebis, dRes
uflebaayrilia imdenad, rom nebac
ki ara aqvs Tavisi SromiT, garjilobiT da unariT moipovos mudmivi saxsari arsebobisa~, - ase mimarTa
1922 wels sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqma ambrosim genuis saerTaSoriso konferenciis
delegatebs. am gancxadebis Semdeg
eniT aRuwereli risxva miiRo kaTolikosma bolSevikuri mTavrobisagan. man Svidi weli patimrobaSi gaatara.
1923 wlis 26 maiss saqarTvelos damoukideblobis xuTi wlisTavze `saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetma~ erTa ligas sagangebod mimarTa: `ispoba da niavdeba
saukuneebiT Seqmnili kulturuli
naSTebi. saqarTveloSi ar gaismis
araTu Tavisufali sityva da azri,
morwmune xalxs locva ar SeuZlia. bolSevikurma ruseTma daangria da gaanadgura eklesia-monastrebi~.
miuxedavad aseTi viTarebisa,
Cvens samRvdeloebaSi iyvnen iseTebic, romlebsac erTi wuTiT ar
SeuwyvetiaT RvTismsaxureba da
mTeli TavianTi cxovrebiT, TavganwirviT ers magaliTs aZlevdnen
uflisadmi siyvarulisas.
ruseTis dampyroblurma politikam biZgi misca qarTvel xalxs
ajanyebaze fiqri daewyoT. saqarTveloSi arsebuli partiebisagan Semdgari gaerTianeba `damkomi~ da
qaquca ColoyaSvilis `Seficulebi~ didxans gegmavdnen ajanyebas.
ajanyebis cecxlmac ifeTqa saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela kuTxeSi,
magram bolSevikurma mTavrobam
umalve moaxerxa misi CaxSoba.
deda-eklesiam am gansacdelsac
gauZlo, radgan icoda, rom yvela
joxi masze gadatydeboda. RvTis
SewevniT man aitana es autaneli
gvema, gadarCa TviTonac da gadaarCina qarTuli sulic. es ki im
sxivmofenil moRvaweTa, RvTiuri
madliTa da mnaTiT aelvarebul
mamuliSvilTa damsaxurebaa, am periodSi qarTul eklesias rom mesaWeobdnen.
eriskacobaSi eqvTime kaWaxiZe
erT-erTi imaTgani iyo, visac fasda-
udebeli amagi miuZRvis qarTuli
sulierebis winaSe. man mtkiced
atara Wapani mamuliSvilobisa da
momaval Taobebs umwikvlod gadasca winaparTagan miRebuli es
maradi saganZuri. igi is didi da
sasiqadulo mamuliSvili iyo, vinc
mTeli Tavisi cxovrebiT dakavSirebuli iyo qarTul eklesiasTan.
mitropolit daviTis
cxovrebisa da
moRvaweobis Strixebi
mitropoliti daviTi daibada
1872 wlis 15 oqtombers quTaisSi. eriskacobaSi eqvTime oqropiris Ze kaWaxiZe - daviTad mRvdelmonazvnad kurTxevis Semdeg moinaTla. man bavSvobidanve miiRo sasuliero ganaTleba jer samegreloSi, Semdeg ki Tbilisis sasuliero seminariaSi. misi rogorc saeklesio moRvawed CamoyalibebaSi didi amagi miuZRvis mamamiss, radgan
igi Tavad gaxldaT mRvdeli da
sakuTari gamocdilebiTa da piradi cxovrebiT cocxal magaliTs
aZlevda Svils.
`daviT episkoposi sadac ki
swavlobda, yvelgan samagaliTo mowafe gaxldaT, saTanado Tvisebebis,
dinji xasiaTis, samagaliTod kacTmoyvare, masTanve swori-marTali
yvela amxanagis winaSe. simarTle
da WeSmariteba mis gulsa da suls
almasiviT etyoboda. igi erTi samagaliTo misabaZi gaxldaT~- werda
zaqaria WiWinaZe mitropolit daviTze.
swored ojaxiT iyo ganpirobebuli daviTis momavali. Tu isev
da isev z. WiWinaZes davesesxebiT:
`daviTs pataraobis drosve etyoboda didi mamuliSviloba. es saocreba iyo im dros kosmopolitur xanaSi, vinaidan maSin qarTvelT mamuliSviloba umecrad mravalgan advilad uaryofili gaxldaT, nametur im dros seminariis mowafeTa Soris~.
daviTi pirveldawyebiT sasuliero ganaTlebas samegreloSi daewafa, swored aq miiRo man is aucilebeli Tvisebebi, rasac wignTan
siaxlove hqvia. misi swavlisadmi
midrekileba, saTanado xasiaTi ar
gamoparviaT sasuliero seminaria-
Si. igi male misabaZ mowafed iqca
aramarto Tavis TanatolebSi, aramed maswavleblebSic ki. yvela megobari cdilobda misgan is Tvisebebi gadmoeRo, rac mas ase akeTilSobilebda.
yazanis sasuliero akademiaSi
daviTs savsebiT gaumyarda codna.
samSobloze uzomod monatrebuli
axalgazrda swavlaSi ioxebda
guls. mSobliuri qveynis da kuTxis lamazi mogonebiT ikvebeboda
Soreul mxareSi. Tumca yovelTvis
gonebiT sjida nafiqrals da grZnobebs naklebad hyveboda. moTmineba
iyo swored misi yvelaze didi
iaraRi, misi nebisyofis mTavari
Zala, romlis meSveobiTac igi yvelafers umklavdeboda. am sityvebSi
iyo Soreuli raRacnairi muxti
- `Tu ginda gamarjvebuli iyo,
daujere naTel gonebas da uaryavi brma grZnoba, ebrZole maT da
ar SegeSindes msxverplisa, romelic brZolas mohyveba. Semdegi
naTeli gonebis moTxovnisa, mudam
brwyinvalea, xolo brma grZnoba
samwuxaro da usaxelo~.
daviTi yazanis sasuliero akademiis damTavrebisTanave dabrunda
samSobloSi. qarTvelma samRvdeloebam kargad icoda misi saTanado
buneba da didi adamianoba. amitomac iyo, rom saqarTveloSi CamosvlisTanave sapasuxismgeblo Tanamdeboba miandes - igi kavkasiis qristianobis aRmdgeneli sazogadoebis
skolebis inspeqtorad dainiSna.
maswavlebloba Telavis sasuliero saswavlebelSi scada (igi aswavlida qarTul enasa da literaturas). daviTma imTaviTve daimsaxura rogorc kolegebis, aseve moswavleTa didi siyvaruli. imereTis
episkoposi gabrieli qristianuli
swavlebisa da zneobrivi aRzrdis
saqmeSi did rols samRvdeloebis
im nawils aniWebda, romelic aRzrda-ganaTlebis saqmes misdevda.
erT-erT qadagebaSi igi werda: `ukeTu Sen xar maswavlebeli, ese igi
gyvanan mowafeebi, romelTa Sen aswavli, anu wignsa, anu romelime
xelobasa. maSin ufro ficxeli
da pirmouTneli angariSi unda
misce Sens sindissa, ra saxiT asrulebdi am movaleobas warsulis
yvelas raime aqvs saxsovari.
Tma, rogorc ganZi ZnelsaSovari,
wigni ram, omiT monapovari,
saferfle, mamis danatovari yvelas raime aqvs saxsovari~.
es saxsovaria konkretuli adamianisTvis Zvirfasi, Torem, sityvaze erekles xmali Cemi gvarisTvisac didmniSvnelovania, Seni gvarisTvisac, imis
gvarisTvisac, da yoveli qarTuli gvareulobisTvis
aris didad saxsovari.
saxsovari marto nivTebi araa. saxsovari TviT
adamianebic arian, romlebsac met-naklebad vaqcevT
yuradRebas. ase magaliTad, romeli gvaris warmomadgeneli ar iamayebda rusTavelis winaprobiT?
amitom ar Semonaxula misi gvari, sruliad
saqarTvelos kuTvnileba rom gamxdariyo!
istoriulma procesebma odiTganve Camoayaliba
adamianTa mcire gaerTianebebi sagvareuloebad da
yvela maTganma Tavisi tradicia Seqmna eTnosTan
SesabamisobaSi, iyo es samefo ojaxis warmomadgenlebi, mefeebTan daaxloebul-danaTesavebuli Tavadebi, did-aznaurebi, aznaurebi, azatebi, Tu glexebi. yvelas Tavisi istoria aqvs. rac ufro didgvarovani iyavi, TavisTavad meti reliqvia grCeba
STamomavals saxsovrad. ierarqiulad, rac ufro
dabali gvaris wridan xar, reliqviac klebulobs,
magram im didi gvarovnis reliqviac da dabalwris
gvaris warmomadgenelis reliqviac Tanabarzomierad Zvirfasia TavTavianTi patronebisaTvis, oRond
raodenobrivi sxvaobaa mxolod, sxva araferi.
reliqvias vambob da nivTsac vgulisxmob da
adamiansac, radgan saxelovani adamiani ganivTebulia ukvdavebaSi.
wlis ganmavlobaSi, gaxsovdes Sen
yovelTvis, ra didi saqme aris mowafis gamozrda, ra mZime pasuxs
moiTxovs RmerTi maswavleblisagan.
maswavlebelma marto wigni, anu
xeloba ki ar unda aswavlos mowafesa, aramed upirveles yovlisa
patiosneba, Sromis moyvareoba, erTi
sityviT qristianoba~.
rogorc pedagogisTvis, patiosneba, sikeTe da RvTis siyvaruli
iyo is ganzomilebebi, romeliTac
spetaki sityvisa da usazRvro
grZnobebis gamoxatviT asazrdoebda moswavleebs, rac ase mZafrad
CaubeWda TiToeul maTgans gonebaSi. sul ori weli gaatara daviTma Telavis sasuliero saswavlebelSi, ris Semdegac igi gadahyavT
samegrelos sasuliero saswavleblis zedamxedvelad. sayvareli pedagogis saswavleblidan wasvla
mtkivneulad ganicada yvela mowafem da ase ambobdnen - `netavi
imas, vinc aramc Tu CvenTan yofniT
gvwrTvnis Cven, aramed marto Tavisis saxelis xsenebiTaco~.
sul male daviTi droebiT ruseTSi idebs binas. igi 1903 wels
solokamenis sasuliero saswavleblis zedamxedveli xdeba, mogvianebiT polockis sasuliero saswavlebelSi gadahyavT. polockis saswavlebels vitebskis sasuliero
seminariis reqtoroba mohyva. imave
wels igi arqimandritad akurTxes.
yvelgan tovebda daviTi RvTivsaTno
madls, rasac kacTmoyvareoba hqvia.
isev nostalgia awuxebs daviTs
da isev samSoblos siyvaruli gaasmagebiT duRs mis sisxl-ZarRvebSi.
cxovrebis kataklizmebSi kargad gaTviTcnobierebul daviTs wadili usruldeba da igi samSobloSi brundeba. misi ganuSorebeli fiqrebi saqarTvelos keTildReobaze, mis naTel momavalze yvelgan Tan dahyveboda da asuldgmulebda. samSoblos tkivils Tavis
pirad tkivilad aRiqvamda. dauRalavma muSakobam Tavisi nayofi gamoiRo. samSobloSi dabrunebuli
daviTi alaverdis episkoposad iqna
xeldasxmuli 1907 wlis 4 noembers. amiT man axalgazrdobis droindeli survilebi da ocnebebi
Seisrula. im dRidan daiwyo man
energiuli Sroma mRvdelmTavris
xarisxiT. daviTi imJamad umeteswilad TbilisSi iyo da feriscvalebis monasterSi cxovrobda.
zaqaria WiWinaZe daviTis Sesaxeb werda: `am dros igi moqmedebda didis WeSmaritebiT da qristianulis Tanaxma mcnebaTa siyvaruliTa. igi iricxeboda maSin bevr
sazogado saqmeTa wevrad, misTanave Sromobda sinodis gamgeobaSic.
mRvdelmTavrobis dros daviT episkoposma mTels qarTvelobaSi male
moi pova patiosani saxeli. mis saxels da cnobebs yvela siamovnebiT axsenebda. misi pativismcemeli
iyo qarTveli, rusi, berZeni, osi
da yvelani, visac ki masTan raime
saqme hqonia da gaucvnia daviTi.~
cxum-afxazeTis episkoposoba
daviTisaTvis 1912 wels miuniWebiaT. samagaliTo mRvdelmTavars
soxumSic samagaliTod daxvedrian,
Tumca arc aq darCenila did xans.
igi imave wels saqarTvelodan gausaxlebiaT egzarqos inokentis brZanebiT da piatigorskis episkoposad dauniSnavT. gazeT `saqarTvelos~ 1916 wlis meeqvse nomerSi
vkiTxulobT: `daviT episkoposs qarTveloba kargad icnobs, rogorc
mousyidvel pirdapir adamians, icis
misi saRi zneoba-azrovneba, icnobs
rogorc samRvdelos da WeSmarit
qarTvel qristians, yovlad pativcemuli mRvdelmTavari gabeduli
da pirSi mTqmeli erTaderTi adamiania, romelic di plomatias angariSs ar uwevs da SeZlebisdagvarad simarTles yovelTvis pirSi
ambobs~.
1917 wlis 17 seqtembers samSobloSi ukve meramdened dabrunebuli episkoposi saqarTvelos sa-
manuCar kaWaxiZe
eklesio krebam urbnisis episkoposad daadgina, 1919 wels ki sakaTalikoso sabWos wevri xdeba. 1921
wels igi jer Wyondidis, xolo
Semdeg baTum-Semoqmedis eparqiaSi
gadahyavT.
`xe ayvavdeba droebiT, xexilsac
moisxams, amiT sargebelic moaqvs,
Tan bunebrivi silamazec axlavs,
magram acivdeba ra, dahyris foTols da dakargavs sargeblobasa
da silamazes. aseTia zogierTi
adamianic - ayvavdeba, magram xeli
Tu SeeSala, dakargavs fass. zogierTi maradmwvane xe ki zamTarzafxul erTnairad gamoiyureba, aseTi unda iyos adamianic. Zlieri
da Sesabamisad gamZle, raTa arc
erT SemTxvevaSi Tavisi fasi ar
dakargos~. aseTi iyo daviT episkoposi Zlieri da gamZle, xelis
SeSlis drosac rom ar daukargavs
sakuTari Tavis fasi. piriqiT, cdilobda yovelTvis naTel momavalze fiqriT daetvirTa goneba.
gasuli saukunis 20-ian wlebSi episkoposi daviTi isev alaverdis kaTedraze gadahyavT, mogvianebiT ki quTais-gaenaTis eparqiis
episkoposi xdeba.
1926 wlis 21 dekembers quTaisis saeparqos dadgenilebis Tanaxmad episkoposi daviTi mitropolitis xarisxSi ahyavT.
daviTis ganswavlulobaze im
dros farTo wreebSi yvelgan saubrobdnen. swored misi ganaTleba
da mwignobroba iyo is mTavari
winapiroba imisa, rom igi sanimuSo RvTismsaxuri gaxldaT da Rirseulad Caibara komunistebis mier
wamebuli mitropolit nazaris Tanamdebobda. mas odnavadac ar SeubRalavs im mZime wlebSi qarTveli
mRvdelmTavris patiosani saxeli.
mitropoliti daviTi warmatebiT
TanamSromlobda rogorc qarTul,
aseve rusul periodul gamocemebSi. mas dawerili aqvs wignebi
qarTul enaze - `kondakis teqstis
Sesworebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb~ (1910w.); `sityvebi~ (1912w.).
maSindel samRvdeloebaSi didi interesiT sargeblobda aseve misi
rusulenovani wigni `Ckjdf Tgbcrjgf Lfdblf~ da `Vsckb dcke[~.
1930 wels igi baTum-Semoqmedis eparqiis mitropolitia.
rogorc zaqaria WiWinaZe werda, daviTi dainteresebuli yofila
qarTvel mahmadianTa ganaTlebiT.
maSin mas qarTvel mahmadianTaTvis
erTi saxalxo wignic ki gamoucia Tavisi saxsrebiT. maTTvis sasoflo skolis gaxsnac ki ndomebia, magram skolis gaxsnis nebarTva
misTvis ar miuciaT da survili
surviladve darCenila.
mitropoliti daviTi quTaisSi 1935 wlis 19 marts gardaicvala. igi quTaisSi petre-pavles
saxelobis sakaTedro taZarSi dakrZales samxreT karibWesTan. misi
mravali saeklesio jildo naTlad
mowmobs didi mamuliSvilisa da
mRvdelmTavris Rvawls Cveni qveynis eklesiis istoriaSi.
yoveli kacisTvis didad sasurvelia, rom icodes namdvili istoriiT Tavisi gvar-tomis yofa-cxovreba,
rogor mivida STamomavlobamde winaprebi,
vin iyvnen gmirebi da mefeebi,
ra sarwmunoebam moatanina maT
Tavi aqamde.
es da sxva sakiTxebi mravlad
awuxebs yvelas, visac guli Sestkiva Tavis samSobloze.
vkiTxulob am didbunebovan
mRvdelmTavris cxovrebis Sesaxeb
da misi ganvlili gzis TiToeuli etapi piruTvnelad pasuxis
gacemaa am Camoyalibebul Tezisa.
TiToeuli wami daviT mitropolitis mier ganvlili cxovrebisa
magaliTia TiToeuli CvenTaganisTvis, xolo mTeli cxovreba - skolaa siyvarulis da saTnoebis, tanjvaT daTmenisa da WeSmaritebis
maradi Ziebisa.
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
3
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
poeti
giorgi kaWaxiZe
gasuli saukunis 20-iani wlebia... mwerlobiT gatacebuli axalgazrdoba erTad iyris Tavs, gadawyvites, axalgazrda mweralTa wre
Camoayalibon. gadawyvetilebas Sedegic mohyva. maTi umravlesoba
universitetis studenti iyo. erT
saRamos sakuTari leqsis wakiTxva
saSualoze maRalma, gamxdarma Wabukma iTxova.
wamodga, qaRaldi gaSala. erT
xans uxmod dahyurebda Tavis
leqss, TvaliT kiTxulobda. bolos
gverdze gadavarcxnil Tmaze gadaisva xeli da Tqva: leqsis saTauria `vatmani~.
yvela smenad iqca. leqsi moiwones. axalgazrda avtors uTuod
eama, magram sixaruli ar SeimCnia.
leqsis avtori 20 wlis axalgazrda, SemdegSi sakmaod cnobili
poeti giorgi kaWaxiZe iyo. suliT
poeti da guliT bavSvebis usayvarlesi megobari daibada 1907 wels
qvemo imereTSi. bavSvoba da yrmoba
giorgim soflad, did jixaiSSi,
gaatara - dedis, bebiisa da babuis
meTvalyureobis qveS, radgan mama
TbilisSi muSaobda da soflad
drogamoSvebiT uwevda Casvla.
cxovrebis av-kargSi gaTviTcnobierebulma Wabukma samSoblosa da
xalxis samsaxuri sapatio movaleobad miiCnia. Tavisi axalgazrduli ocnebebi leqsebs gaando da
ecada mkiTxvelis gulsac am suliskveTebiT Sexmianeboda. leqsebi
jer mis patar-patara krebulebSi
Seewyvnen erTmaneTs, Semdeg da Semdeg
- mozrdil wignebSi.
oci wlis iyo pirveli leqsTa
krebuli rom gamoaqveyna - `Cemi
pirveli ujredi~. is pirveli wignia, xelSi rom daiWira da ase Tamamad SeZlo samwerlo kibis pirvel
safexurze Sedgoma. Tamami iyo misi
nabijebi kibis momdevno safexurebzec... ori wlis Semdeg bavSvebs
saCuqrad sabavSvo nawarmoebTa axali krebuli `Cemi Zma~ uZRvna.
TviT didi Semoqmednic did
xans cdilobdnen TviTdamkvidrebas eris wiaRSi. fiqrTa JRaruniT
lewdnen da lewdnen sityvis kaloebs, magram `kidevac dailewebao~,uTqvams qarTvel poets, mTavaria
saTqmeli mkiTxvelamde guliT miitano, mTavaria Seni nafiqri miseulad maxlobeli gaxado, raTa mkiTxvelma igrZnos... ifiqros da ara
itanjos,- Tavsatexad gauCino kiTxvebi: ratom? visTvis?
erTxel biWisTvis qarTulis
maswavlebels ukiTxavs - `romeli
didi qarTveli poetebi icio~.
patara biWi amdgara da yelmoRerebiT mohyolia CamoTvlas: `akaki
wereTeli, galaktion tabiZe da
giorgi kaWaxiZeo~. maswavlebels
uneburad gascinebia da uTqvams:
`vin giTxra es, aba Sen kaWaxiZis
leqsebic gecodinebao~. biWs Tvalic ar dauxamxamebia, ise upasuxnia: `rogor ara, dedikom miTxra,
me risi Tqmac minda, am leqsebSi
weriao. iswavle da darigebac aRar
dagWirdebao~.
is biWi maSin gulwrfeli iyo...
gulwrfeli iyo kaWaxiZis is leqsebi, romlebic man waikiTxa. poeti momaval Taobas Tavisi SemoqmedebiT ara mxolod codnas, sikeTesac unergavda.
swored bavSvebis siyvarulma
daaTmobina poets yvelaze didi
dro da adgili sakuTar SemoqmedebaSi sabavSvo leqsebisaTvis. misi
poezia swrafad aitaces bavSvebma.
advilad SeiTvises da Seisisxlxorces.
`gqondes wignis siyvaruli,
gqondes swavlis xalisi
codnis mZebnels gamoaCens
bejiToba Tavisi~.
poetma swavlasa da Tavis sayvarel maswavlebels miuZRvna cnobili leqsi `Cveni maswavlebeli~`Segvaswavla ani, bani, Segvayvara
deda enao~,- ambobs igi da dasZens,
rom maswavlebeli Tavs ar zogavs
`Tavs gvevleba, frTebs gvisworebs,
rom Tamamad SevZloT frenao~.
visTvis usazRvro tkivilia, visTvis - mcire naRveli, Tundac
erTi gafiqreba... mSobliuri keraa
is didi safiqrali, romelic poets mRelvare SemoqmedebiT procesSic ar tovebda. misi poeziis erTerTi mTavari Tema, misi Semoqmedebis wyaro ganaxlebuli sofelia
da soflelTa Tavdauzogavi Sroma.
leqsi `miwis surneli~ erT-erTi
imaTgania, romelic g. kaWaxiZem mSobliur sofels miuZRvna. TiToeuli striqoni Rrma lirizmiTa
da siyvaruliTaa gamTbari.
`sofeli iyo Cemi akvani,
wigni siaxlis, wigni siZvelis,
yanas aq Toxi bavSvma davkari
da miwa qveynad ase vigrZeni~.
`saxli, romelSic me davibade,
ficruli iyo farRalala da isliT daxurulio~,- ixsenebda wlebis Semdeg,- iatakad datkepnili
ayalo miwa hqonda, Werad Celtebi. bolos mSoblebma oda-saxli
SeiZines da Zveli saxli gayides.
guli damwyda, am saxlSi dairwa
Cemi akvani da ufro gvian moCituli ymawvili am saxlSi vswavlobdi Wraqis Suqze gakveTilebs
da vocnebobdi araCveulebriv sagmiro saqmeebze.
1925 weli... giorgim maSin xalisiani ganwyobiTa da odnav cremlnarevi TvalebiT datova soflis
Saragzebi, didi jixaiSis cxrawliani Sromis skola.
misi mogonebebi xSirad mSobliuri soflis garSemo trialebda,
soflisadmi siyvaruliT iyo gamsWvaluli: `babuaCemi koxta, Tumca
xSirad avadmyofobda, Sromismoyvare kaci iyo. imisma da gamrje mezoblebis magaliTma mec adreve
Semayvara Sroma. erTxel babuam
Toxi patara taroze moargo, xelSi momca da miTxra: saCuqrad gqondes, aba vnaxoT, rogor moixmaro Semdeg bostanSi adgili gamomiyo
dasamuSaveblad. mec ToxiT movCiCqne da pirveli Tesli, romelic
Sig CavTese, iyo cercvis marcvlebi
- Cems sixaruls sazRvari ar hqonda, rodesac marcvlebi aRmocenda,
mcenare gaizarda da parkebi moisxa. Semdeg wlebSi norCi xeebis
rgva da gaxareba SevZeli. ufro
meti sixaruli vaSlis patara kvirtma momaniWa, romelic nergze davamyeni da gaixara~- werda igi.
gasuli saukunis 30-ian wlebSi
Zlieri literaturuli Taobis
gverdiT poeti giorgi kaWaxiZe
Rirseulad ikavebs adgils mSobliur mwerlobaSi. poets ar gasWirvebia samwerlo sarbielze gamosvla da TavisTavad damkvidreba,
radgan mixeil javaxiSvilis, aleqsandre quTaTelisa da karlo melaZis keTilma sityvebma didi stimuli misces axalgazrda poets
Tamamad eRvawa qarTuli mwerlobis
korifeebis gverdiT. giorgi kaWaxiZe pativiscemiT ganimsWvala maT
mimarT, romlebic niWier axalgazrdas naTel poetur momavals uwinaswarmetyvelebdnen, da asec moxda.
dReebis ritms, Tveebis ricxvsa
da wlebis dinebas mohyva poetis
gamocdilebis dagroveba. Tavidan
iyo Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti. giorgis rCeuli qarTuli enisa da literaturis fakulteti gaxda, mere iyo pedagogikis
samecniero-sakvlevi instituti;
mweralTa kavSirSic datova Tavisi
keTili kvali da saxelmwifo gamomcemlobebSic.
giorgi kaWaxiZe momavali Taobis swavla-ganaTlebas profesiuli kuTxidanac miudga. 1930 wels
erT-erT skolaSi maswavleblad
daiwyo muSaoba. mas pativiscemiTa da siyvaruliT epyrobodnen
kolegebica da aRsazrdelebic, radgan igi iseTive kargi pedagogi
iyo, rogorc adamiani. wlebis ganmavlobaSi ki Jurnal `pioneris”
redaqtori gaxldaT.
wignze, mis sidiadesa da amouwurav mniSvnelobaze, vin icis, ramden mwerals da swavluls gamouTqvams azri, ramdeni leqsi an
moTxroba dawerila. giorgi kaWaxiZemac scada am Temas SesWideboda. cxovrebis gamocdilebam, Tavad
wignidan miRebulma Zalam da niWma
SeaZlebina poets es kargad nacnobi,
sayovelTaod gavrcelebuli Tema
SesaniSnavad daeZlia.
`codna Cemi Zal-Ronea,
sixaruli - wignis kiTxva,
bevri kargi, bevri avi
wigniT vici, wignma miTxra,
mTebi cisken ram aRmarTa,
caSi adgils mze rad icvlis,
miwis gulSi, zRvis siRrmeSi,
Tu ra xdeba - wigniT vici~.
saukuneebi krZalviT ileoda,
wlebi ki wamieri sizustiT STanTqavdnen erTmaneTs. drom mravali
saTqmeli Semogvinaxa. zogi iTqva,
zogi usityvod inTxeoda gacrecil furclebze, sityva sityvas
ekoneboda, strofi-strofs. erTad
akinZuli ki Cvenma droebam samudamod Semogvinaxa. droebam giorgi kaWaxiZis ocdaTeqvsmeti wigni
aCuqa momaval Taobas. `is ubani
da is kar-midamo~ (1943w.); `axali
leqsebi~ (1950w.); `rCeuli~
(1958w.); `swavlasa da sixarulSi~
(1955w.); `malxazebisTvis rac mimReria~ (1959w.) mxolod ramdenimea im ocdaTeqvsmetidan.
giorgi kaWaxiZe Tavisi leqsebiT did qarTvel mwerlebsa da
poetebsac exmianeba. SoTa rusTavelma, Sio mRvimelma, iakob gogebaSvilma, ilia WavWavaZem poetis
SemoqmedebaSi gansakuTrebulia adgili daikaves.
ar aris Zneli adamianSi is
Tviseba aRmoaCino, romelsac Tavad
naklebad aaSkaravebs, magram Znelia
Semoqmedma mkiTxvelis siyvaruli
daimsaxuro, radgan poetis sityvebi
marTali unda iyos da marTladve
unda midiodes mkiTxvelis gulamde. swored is marTali sityvaa
mTavari sazomi erTeuli mwerlis
azrovnebaSi, marTali sityva da
gulwrfeloba erTdroulad. mwerlis Semoqmedebis es aucilebeli
niuansi uflebas gvaZlevs Cvens
mkiTxvelsac gulwrfelni da marTalni viyoT.
giorgi kaWaxiZis sasaxelod
gamarTlda maTi didi imedebi, vinc
poets naTeli momavali uwinaswarmetyvela, igi 70 wlis karibWes
ise miadga, rom mis marTal sityvas
Zala ar mohklebia, siRrme, fesvebi
da xatovaneba ar gauferulebula.
amas mowmobs bolo wlebSi gamoqveynebuli nawarmoebebic wignSi `im
varskvlavebis Suqi~ (1976w.) am
wigns rom wavikiTxavT, Tvalwin
poetis daucxromeli buneba warmogvidgeba, romelmac araerTxel,
siWabukeSic da siWarmageSic, Zalumad gangvacdevina deda-samSoblos
siyvarulis Zvel-axali grZnoba:
`xan sers vamwvaneb,
xan sityvas vrandav,
xan momatarebs
cxra cas ocneba
mainc amqveynad
samSoblos garda
jer ar minaxavs
sxva saocreba.
jer varskvlavebis
ase Semkrebi
sxva ca-firuzi
me ar minaxavs;
ar momivlia
ucxo qveynebi,
arc okeane
gadamilaxavs.
TiTqos bavSvi var,
TmaTeTra bavSvi,
TiTqos vazi var,
Wigos Cakruli,
winandlis zvarSi,
varcixis zvarSi
xelmadliani
kacis Carguli."
xandazmuli mweralic yovelTvis Tavis gmirebis gverdiT dgas
dauRleli da uberebeli. igi Sehxaris yvelas, vinc dauzarelad
Sromobs, visac `SerTvia sisxlSi
surneli miwis~, vinc `qveynis siyvaruls adliT ar zomavs~ da `sixarulis da wuxilis gemo icis~.
`mitacebs maTi
Sroma da wesi,
sindisi, wyaros
CqeriviT sufTa,
maTSia Cemi
simReris fesvi,
Cemi kacobis
Relva da sunTqva.~
swored giorgi kaWaxiZis adamianur bunebas, Tavdadebas, mokrZalebas, STamomavlobis winaSe pirad
pasuxismgeblobas gamoxatavs es
striqonebi. swored aseTi Tvisebis gamo, madlierma mkiTxvelma kargad Seicno da Seiswavla misi
cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis poeturi xibli da Zala, marTali
sityvis siTbo da silaRe.
ukvalod ar Cauvlia giorgi
kaWaxiZis cxovrebas. wlebis manZilze poeti gulidan gadmoRvril
saTqmels natifi, odnav gakruli
xeliT sufTa furclebze werda
TiTqos Tavdaxrili, Cumad momzirali, Sors - usasrulobaSi.
giorgi kaWaxiZe gardaicvala
1979 wlis 30 noembers da igi
dakrZalulia didubis mweralTa
da sazogado moRvaweTa panTeonSi.
werda upretenzio, xanac muzebs
fardagebs uSlida. amboben, muza
TviTon modiso, mas ki xSirad Tavad mohyavda. werda da, ise werda,
rom misi gardacvalebidan ager
ukve ocdarva wlis merec gadamTieTSi vixseneb sanimuSo poets da
gvariSvilobis erT-erT saamayo
warmomadgenels.
manuCar kaWaxiZe,
2007 wlis 30 noemberi
mxiaruli da sevdiani
`sicilis dedofali~
- maxsovs, studentobisas mzias glandebis operacia gavukeTeT da gamosajansaReblad waRverSi gavuSviT. iqidan moiwera:
`Cemo keTilebo! me Tqveni keTilebi... Cems werils pasuxi ar
undoda? xom iciT, rom CemTvis
axla werilobanaa aucilebeli.
unda cdilobdeT, yvelanairad
masiamovnoT da ar manerviuloT,
imitom, rom me glandebis operacia gadavitane... ar unda magas
sicili (ra Tqma unda, icoda,
rom amis wakiTxvisas bevrs vicinebdiT)! ise, ara miSavs - feri
da mada kargi maqvs, magram erTi
ucnauri ram damemarTa. ar vici,
ras mivawero: adre frCxilebi
Zalian rbili mqonda da wamozrdisTanave mtydeboda, axla ki
gamezarda da gamimagrda. nuTu
esec glandebTan aris dakavSirebuli? RmerTo, iqneb cxviric
dami pataravdes, ha?!~
- ise, axalgazrdobaSi ganicdida imas, rom cota grZeli
cxviri hqonda?
- arasodes. piriqiT, rom etyodnen, cxviris operacia gaikeTeo, - ras ambobT, es maWmevs purso! - cnobili msaxiobis, ekaterine verulaSvilis sityvebs
imeorebda (icinis)... mzia gldanSi cxovrobda. erTxelac, masTan
morigi stumrobisas, misvlisTanave samzareuloSi Semiyvana, onkani mouSva da erT-erTi Tbilisuri baiaTi daiwyo. onkani saswaul xmas gamoscemda, iseTs, rom
baiaTisTvis ukeTesi fonis Seqmna,
mTeli seriozulobiT vambob, karg
akompaniatorsac ki gauWirdeboda. mzias onkanze ekida xeli
da ise ostaturad aregulirebda
wylis xmas, SeuZlebeli iyo, moSorebiT myof msmenels SemsrulebelTa maRal profesiul doneSi eWvi Sehparoda. wylis wnevis amgvari musikaluri TamaSi
gldanSi karga xnis ganmavlobaSi
gagrZelda da mziasTan yoveli
stumroba aseTi `koncertiT~
tkbobiTa da gulis wasvlamde
siciliT sruldeboda. damijereT, misi scenaze gadatana rom
moexerxebina, es mzias marTlac
erT-erTi saukeTeso sakoncerto
nomeri iqneboda...
- Tqven Soris ramdeni weli
iyo sxvaoba?
- 5 wliT ufrosi viyavi.
cal-calke gavizardeT, mzia 2
wlidan dedasTan, wyaltuboSi
izrdeboda, me bebia-babuasTan, waRverSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom sakuTar Tavs ZirZvel waRverelad
miviCnev, mzias ki iq stumars
vuwodebdi, rom wamovizardeT da
waRverSi erTad gavivlidiT xolme, iqaurebi CvenTvis ucnob
adamianebs mzias dad macnobdnen,
rac Zalian mabrazebda (icinis).
mere, gamosaTxovar werilSi davwere kidec, erTaderTxel gamaRiziana Senma popularobam, waRverSi mzias dad rom gaacnes
viRacebs Cemi Tavi-meTqi. xasiaTiT ganvsxvavdebodiT da deda
gvetyoda xolme, Tqveni comiviT
mozela rom SeiZlebodes da mere
Suaze gaWra, 2 normaluri Svili
SemrCebodao.
- bavSvobidan makvarancxi iyo?
- aba, ar iyo?! saerTodac, Cvens
ojaxSi yoveli dRe iumoriT
savse iyo. marTalia, mzia gamorCeulad niWieri, talanti aRmoCnda, magram mSoblebis mxridanac
gamohyva genebi. mama iseTi komikosi, parodisti iyo, iseTi mravalmxriv ganaTlebuli adamiani, estradas an kinoxelovnebas
rom gahyoloda, ambobdnen, lui
de fiunesi monagoni iqnebodao.
Cans, mziam mSoblebisgan yvelaferi `wamoiRo~. plastikac ki
mamis hqonda. pataraobidanve, rac
fexi aidga, maxsovs, `taburets~
gadmoabrunebda xolme, Cadgeboda
Sig dedaCemis maRalqusliani
fexsacmliT, kabiT, mis samkaulebsac daikidebda da koncertebs
gviwyobda. mexuTe klasidan
wyaltuboSi, samezobloSi (sanatoriumebis direqtorebi da eqi-
27 ianvars 62 wlis gaxdeboda. gavocdi, ninoobas dabadebuls
mzia rogor daarqves-meTqi? qalbatonma violam, misma dam, romelic
garegnobiT saocrad mivamsgavse qarTvel `sicilis dedofals~, RimiliT miTxra: amaze TviTonac xumrobda, - aba, anegdoti ar aris, aseT
dRes dabadebuls mzias rom dagarqmeveno?!
uniWieresi da energiuli qalbatoni saucxoo iumoriT, SesaniSnavi parodiebiT gagvecno da yoveli gamoCenisas mxolod TiToeuli
Cvenganis gunebaze moyvanas cdilobda - TviTonac gulianad icinoda
da Cvenc gvarianad gvamxiarulebda. Tumca... metismetad naadrevad
wavida am qveynidan da qarTul estradasac daaklda da mayurebelsac. dasevdianebulma Tayvanismcemlebma misgan naCuqari `sicilebis~
sanacvlod, cremlebis zRva gaatanes `sicilis dedofals~...
qalbaton viola kvirikaSvils arcTu didi xnis win gardacvlil
daze laparaki Zalian gauZnelda. cdilobda, mzia kvirikaSvilis xumrobebiT, misi Tundac aqamde ucnobi saojaxo iumoris gaxsenebiT
kvlavac gvexalisa, magram mogonebas mainc didi sevda axlda...
rasakvirvelia, `saojaxo sicilebTan~ erTad.
mebi cxovrobdnen irgvliv) erTi
stumaric ki ar gaiWaWanebda, maspinZlebs sufrasTan mzia rom ar miepatiJebinaT. netav genaxaT, es erTi
cicqna, patara gogo rogor alxenda
50-kacian sufras! erTaderTi, klasikas ver miakarebdiT. arada, dedas
Zalian undoda, mzias klasikuri
musikaluri ganaTleba mieRo. musikalur teqnikumSic iswavla, magram
konservatoriaSi swavlis gagrZeleba aRar isurva. arada, gasaocrad
didi diapazonis xma hqonda, iulia
faliaSvilsa da zaqaria xuroZesac ki movasmenineT; Zalianac moiwones, magram TviTon arafriT moindoma. estradaze undoda simRera,
magram Tavisive vokalis pedagogebma
gadaafiqrebines, amiT bevrs verafers
miaRwevo; amitom airCia is, rac
yvelaze metad undoda da saukeTesod gamosdioda.
parodiuli gamosvlebisTvis
Tavdapirvelad programac ki ar
hqonda, amitom, wyaltubodan wamoRebuli, anegdotad qceuli naRdi
ambebi aqcia saestrado nomrebad.
scenaze axalfexadgmuli, Raribi
repertuaris mqone axalgazrda gogona ki filarmoniis imJamindelma
direqtorma, dorian kitiam ruseTSi,
qalaq gorkiSi dagegmil iumoristul konkursze yovelgvari programisa da winaswari momzadebis
gareSe, faqtobrivad, mxolod niWis
amara gauSva. mere gviyveboda, qarTulad ki vlaparakobdi, magram mayurebeli mainc siciliT Zirs wvebodao. 3 turi gaiara da mesame adgiliT dagvibrunda. sabolood mainc batoni jemal baRaSvilis damsaxurebaa, rom mzia ase daixvewa.
mere leqsebis werac daiwyo da
kargadac gamosdioda...
- es mxiaruli adamiani nuTu
sevdiani ar iyo xolme?
- sevdiani xSirad iyo, gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac meuRles
dascilda da Zalian mZime wlebi
gaiara. miuxedavad imisa, rom me
da deda yvelanairad vexmarebodiT
erTaderTi vaJis - ditos gazrdaSi, ojaxis simZime, ZiriTadad, mainc
mas daawva mxrebze. mainc martosuli, euli iyo. ditom ki Zalian
gaumarTla - kargi biWi dadga da
kargi ojaxic Seqmna, magram ojaxis
gamravlebam axali problemebi gamoiwvia. marTalia, araCveulebrivi bebia iyo, magram upirvelesad, Semoqmedi gaxldaT da sakuTari kuTxe
sWirdeboda, Tundac repeticiebisTvis, programis mosamzadeblad. aseT
dros ramdenime dRiT CvenTan gadmodioda xolme. erT-erTi aseTi
stumrobisas, maxsovs, ramdenjerme
mouwia maRaziaSi Cemi biWis Cagzavnam da, Sesabamisad, dafinansebamac.
moulodnelad filarmoniaSi gamouZaxiaT da Sin dabrunebulebs aseTi werili dagvxvda: `administracias! kidev davrCebodi, magram Zalian meZvireebi xarT. klienti m.
kvirikaSvili~...
- fiqrobT, amerikaSi rom ar wasuliyo, dRes cocxali iqneboda?
- saiubileo weli hqonda - 60
wlis iyo, amerikaSi rom gaemgzavra.
ar mindoda, rom wasuliyo. amis
gamo didi usiamovnebac gvqonda
(cremli moeria. - avt.). veubnebodi, ekonomikuri krizisi amerikidan
modis, ratom ggonia, rom iq ukeTesad wava Seni saqme-meTqi? arada,
aq ramdenime qalaqSi saiubileo
koncertebi hqonda daniSnuli, mag-
`gauRimebeli suli damaqvs,
qveyana CemTvis civia.
sxva ra vTqva, TviTon gulianad
erTxel ar gamicinia~.
ram seriozuli finansuri problemebi hqonda da mainc wasvla
arCia. weras hyavxar atanilimeTqi, TiTqos gulTmisaniviT mivaZaxe... samwuxarod, iqac xeli
moecara. sul mgonia, rom amdenma nerviulobam damarTa is saSineli daavadeba. arc vicodi, ase
seriozulad Tu iyo saqme. megona,
mxolod Trombi hqonda, arada,
meoTxe stadiis simsivne hqonia.
isic, aq rom Camovida, maSin gavige.
amerikidan yvelas ukrZalavda,
CemTvis da ditosTvis simarTle
eTqvaT. iq mama aleqsandre miuyvaniaT, qarTveli mRvdeli da is
amSvidebda Turme, locvebs ukiTxavda. didi nugeSi iyo mziasTvis im adamianis Tanadgoma. aeroportSic gamoucilebia. da
ara marto mas - qarTuli saTvistomo Zalian amoudga mxarSi.
Turme cuca kapanaZe, xaTuna ioseliani da sxvebic gverdidan ar
Sordebodnen.
aeroportSi yvelam gamoacila
da ise gamoeTxovnen, msaxiobebs
rom eTxovebian xolme ukanasknelad - mquxare taSiT. rom
Camovida, miyveboda, - erTi feradkaniani moagorebda Cems etls
da uceb raRac gruxuni gavigone;
Turme taSma igriala da ukan
rom mivixede, yvela tiriliT
mikravda taSso (tiris). xaTuna
ioseliani axla aq yofila. minda,
davukavSirde da misi meSveobiT
samadlobeli werili gavgzavno
amerikaSi. qarTuli diaspora iq
gamoscems gazeT `mamuls~ da
survili maqvs, masSi Cemi werili gamoqveyndes... Tbilisis aeroportSic bevrni davxvdiT. etliT rom davinaxe, mivxvdi, cudad
iyo Cveni saqme. amerikaSi Turme
saWmelsac aRar Wamda. aq mada
mouvida, TiTqos moixeda kidec,
magram... iseT dros movaswariT
misi ziareba, rom veRar laparakobda, mxolod mimikiT agebinebda moZRvars SekiTxvebze pasuxs.
xmamaRla verc Sendobas sTxovda
ufals da vuTxari, gulSi warmoTqvi, - Seminde ufalo-Tqo.
vici, aucileblad ityoda, radgan
ziareba miiRo...
- marTla uamrav adamians daswyvita guli qalbatoni mzias
gardacvalebam, magram cxovreba
grZeldeba. mas Tqven darCiT, Zma,
Svili da SviliSvilebi...
- ori SviliSvili darCa - 4
wlis giorgi da meoTxeklaseli
mariam kaciaSvilebi. biWs mzia,
cxadia, ar axsovs, Tumca amas
winaT ikiTxa: `sad alis amden
xans mzia bebo?~ da - zecaSiaTqo, rom vuTxariT, pasuxma aSkarad ar daakmayofila, radgan mere
kidev ramdenjerme gvkiTxa. Zalian lamazi biWia giorgi da iseTi
artistuli, Tu manac scena airCia,
mgoni, bebiamiss ukan Camoitovebs.
mariamic saocrad lamazi gogonaa da Zalian plastikuri, `erisionis~ studiaSi cekvavs da
kargadac xatavs. ase rom, vnaxoT,
rogor asaxeleben mzia bebos!
irma xarSilaZe
4
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
- saubris dasawyisSive SegekiTxebiT qalbatono marina, saidan
gaCnda es idea da ramdenime sityviT iqneb Tqvens molodinzec gvesaubroT?
- es aris Zalian mniSvnelovani
proeqti amerikis diasporisTvis.
Cven, `CveneburebTan~ erTad movdivarT amerikaSi. pirvel rigSi imitom, rom qarTuli simReris popularizacia movaxdinoT qarTul diasporaSi, adgilze vnaxoT ra donezea mand qarTuli simReris fenomeni, movusminoT bavSvebs Tu rogor
mRerian, CavataroT saxeldaxelo
masterklasebi. kastingis Semdeg,
is bavSvebi, romlebic mogvewoneba,
movamzadoT 6 maisis gala-koncertisaTvis. agreTve gansakuTrebiT gvainteresebs saymawvilo asaki, rogorebi arian... vici, ra Znelia samSoblodan, yovelgvari mSobliurisagan
Sors yofna... maT SeiZleba mivceT
Sansi, rom miiRon monawileoba jeostarSi, saqarTveloSi Cveulebrivad kastingis safexuridan. CemTvis
yvelaze mniSvnelovani mainc diasporis gaerTianebaa, qarTuli simReris mowodeba ise, rogorc saWiroa,
da amis Semdegaa (miyvars es sityva)
davarcxna, axalgazrda Semsruleblebis. mere ukve vnaxoT ra moxdeba.
- rom ar gkiTxoT, ar SemiZlia.
socialur qselSi gavrcelda erTerT JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli Tqveni satelevizio prodiuseris, giorgi xaburZanias intervius nawili, romelic ambobs: - `jeostaramde
jer adrea, misi kastingi zafxulSi
gveqneba, Tumca jerjerobiT ar dagegmila romel qveyanaSi SeiZleba
CavataroT. amerikaze laparaki namdvilad ar yofila, arc Jiuris
romelime qveyanaSi Cayvanas vapirebT~. daibna sazogadoeba...
- darwmunebiT SemiZlia ganvacxado, rom Sedga SeTanxmeba kulturis saministrosa da rusTavi2-s
Soris, danamdvilebiT vici, rom
Cven movdivarT `jeostarisa~ da
`anabanis~ oficialuri logoTi.
veZebT niWier adamianebs, is niWieri adamiani mere risTvis gamodgeba,
es sxva Temaa, jer unda vnaxoT ra
aris amerikaSi, gamigeT, sruliad
axal mindorze movdivarT da ar
viciT ra dagvxdeba. me yovelTvis
vici gorSi ra xdeba, yovelTvis
vici zugdidSi ra xdeba wlis
ganmavlobaSi, ai, Cven saerTod ar
viciT ra xdeba amerikaSi. CaTvaleT, rom es unda iyos moTelva.
marto 200 qarTuli simRera gadavugzavneT amerikaSi organozatorebs, rom iswavlon bavSvebma. Cven
xom ar viciT ras mRerian, egeba
mRerian `baRCaSia gadvixede~ da
ver mRerian rezo laRiZes da biZina
kvernaZes. mere ras vSvebiT?
- Tu Zalian mogewonaT?
- movkideb xels da aucileblad
wamoviyvan naxevarfinalSi. egeba
ise momewonos rom dafinanseba vunaxo, solo koncertiT Camoviyvano.
marto ,,jeostarze“ ara varT mibmuli, Cven gvainteresebs emigraciis
CarTva saqarTvelos cxovrebaSi, aRmovaCinoT adamiani, visac mere aqeTken wamoviyvanT. es bevrad ufro
farTo masStabia, vidre exla me
,,movWra Tavi“ naxevar amerikis emigracias da prikolebSi vaCveno rusTavi2-Si, me xom verc iseTi mkacri
viqnebi, emigraciasTan sxva mopyrobaa
saWiro.
stumrad agreTve modian nodiko
tatiSvili, salome bakuraZe, rom
ubralod aCvenon damwyeb Semoqmedebs, ras miaRwies maTma Tanatolebma. es iqneba pirveli etapi, SerCeviTi, avarCevT Cveni da arasatelevizio xedviT jeostarels, davasaCuqrebT. vimeoreb, SeiZleba ise momewonos, xeli movkido, wamoviyvano TbilisSi, davvarcxno, sakuTari
koncerti gavukeTo.
rac Seexeba xaburZanias gancxadebas. roca es interviu misca,
xaburZaniam saerTod ar icoda amerikis gegmebze. arc unda scodnoda ideaSi, Cven arafers iseTs vakeTebT, rom yvela instancia Cameyenebina saqmis kursSi. me davreke
jeoselSi, raxan Sen xar da Tavad
midixaro, dameTanxmen.
iseTi STabeWdileba damrCa am
intervius mosmenis Semdeg, rom mand
gyavT viRaceebi Casafrebulebi, vi-
sac ar unda es moxdes. me aqedan
vgrZnob amas. aq aravin kiTxulobs
Jurnal-gazeTs saimisod, rom Semdeg
socialur qselSi gaavrcelon. miTumetes, sainteresoa raRa maincdamainc mag sakiTxze sasaubrod konkretulad xaburZanias miadgnen da
ratom ar movidnen CemTan? es aris
musikaluri proeqti da me var am
proeqtis musikaluri prodiuseri.
CemTan ratom ar movidnen? zustad
im kacs miadgnen, sadac iyo Sansi, rom
arc scodnoda da gabrazebuliyo.
- saubris dasawyisSi axseneT,
mkacri ar viqnebio. rogor, Tqveneul Sarms sazRvarze stovebT? Tu
amerikaSic velodoT Tqvens obieqtur simkacres?
- yovel SemTxvevaSi namdvilad
vici, rom iseTi mkacri da momTxovni ar viqnebi, rogorc saqarTveloSi
da TbilisSi var. zustad vici,
rom advili araa cxovrobde ucxo
qveyanaSi da iyo qarTul musikalur xelovnebaSi srulad gamarTuli. zustad amitom movdivarT,
es aris Cveni misia, vnaxoT ra
mdgomareobaa. qarTvelma, sadac ar
unda iyos igi, unda icodes rezo
laRiZis simRera, unda icodes biZina kvernaZis simRera, gogi cabaZis
simRera. es aucilebelicaa.
bevrad ufro mniSvnelovani am
simebis gaRviZebaa, vidre imis Zaxili,
rom ,,jeostarze“ iqnebian... Cveni
qveynisTvis migraciis am uzarmazar
fonze is ki araa metad mniSvnelovani, rom kastingi Cavataro da viRac vi povo, aramed mTavaria Cveni
wvlili SevitanoT emigraciis qarTulad aRzrdaSi, maTTvis musikaluri gemovnebis CamoyalibebaSi.
me vpirdebi qarTul diasporas amerikaSi, rom garda im gala-koncer-
- qalbatono giuli, Cveni emigracia Tvals adevnebs `Cveneburebis~ yovel iniciativas. gasul
wels niu-iorkSi Catarebuli
yovelwliuri festivalic siTboTi miiRo emigraciam. didi
madloba amisaTvis. dRes amerikaSi dagegmili `jeostarisa~ da
`anabanas~ RonisZiebis Sesaxeb
gvsurs saubari. saidan gaCnda
es idea, ra amoZravebda ,,Cveneburebis“ xelmZRvanelobas, roca
amoirCia amerika am proeqtisTvis,
ramdenime sityviT iqneb amis Sesaxeb mogviTxroT?
- mravalricxovania Cveni diaspora, Tqven eg Cemze ukeTesad
iciT, gansakuTrebiT bevri qarTveli cxovrobs niu iorkSi, vaSingtonSi, sxvadasxva qalaqebSic.
Cveni survili iyo, rac SeiZleba aqtiurad yofiliyvnen es adamianebi Tavis samSoblosTan kavSirSi, rac Cvens qveyanaSi xdeba,
maTTvisac xdebodes. bevri bavSvi
ibadeba ukve emigraciaSi, izrdebian ise, rom saerTod ar unaxavT
samSoblo. ukanasknel wlebSi
daiwyo aqtiuri moZraoba yovelgvari qarTulis SesanarCuneblad,
gaCnda sakvirao skolebi, cekvis,
simReris wreebi Tu ansamblebi.
Cven davdivarT, vnaxulobT da
gvixaria, rom kargad muSaoben
Cveni saelCoebic, rom TviTon
giuli alasania:
diasporebSi aRmoCndnen aqtiuri
adamianebi, romlebic Tavis Tavze
iReben finansur Tu organizaciul
mxareebs.
- rogor moxda festival `Cveneburebisa~ da `jeostaris~ daaxloeba amerikuli proeqtis farglebSi? ratom konkretulad ,,jeostari“ an ,,anabana“? ras hpirdebiT amerikaSi dabadebul bavSvebs?
- `jeostari~ araqarTuli, magram nayidi programaa da aris Zalian popularuli, warmatebuli. Zalian bevrs, vinc ar cxovrobs amJamad saqarTveloSi da sxva qveynebSi arian, gauCndaT survili monawileebi gaxdnen am proeqtisa, Cvenc
amis survili gvaqvs. TandaTan mo-
iZebneba albaT ukeTesi variantebic,
daixveweba, sponsorebsac kidev ufro moviZiebT, muSaoba gagrZeldeba am mimarTulebiT, magram am etapze
iqneba pirveli cda, mosinjva axal
qveyanaSi. ,,jeostaris“ logo Camodis amerikaSi. agreTve is adamianebic Camovlen, vinc bolo wlebia
Semomqmedi axalgazrdobis majiscemas ayuradeben. `jeostari~ saqarTveloSi xangrZlivi procesia, is
vinc diasporaSi cxovrobs, imaTTvis es Zalian rTuli iqneba, rom
CamoviyvanoT es adamianebi da Tundac Tveebi vacxovroT... es, SeuZlebelia, ver moxerxdeba. amitom,
is rac amerikaSi gakeTdeba, iqneba
daaxloebiT 10 dRiani turi, iqneba maTi mosmena, SerCeva, swavleba
da es yvelaferi dagvirgvindeba
gala-koncertiT, romelic gaSuqdeba qarTuli televiziiT. garda
amisa `,,Cveneburebis“ festivali
yovelwliurad tardeba saqarTveloSi da qveynis gareTac, am konkursis gamarjvebulebs moviwvevT
festivalSi monawileobis misaRebad. Cveni survilia, rom isini
rac SeiZleba xSirad iyvnen Tavis
qveyanaSi, maqsimalurad yvelaferSi
monawileobdnen, iyvnen im samyaros
nawili, rasac samSoblo hqvia.
Cven vagrZelebT fiqrs sxva axal
proeqtebzec. ar aris advili amerikaSi Camosvla, bevr ramesTan aris
dakavSirebuli, Tumca survili
yovelTvis gvaqvs, imitom rom,
viciT, mand bevri adamiani gvelodeba. cota xnis win italiaSi
gaimarTa `Cveneburebis“ koncertebi... mTeli darbazi qviTinebda, darbazi da scena gaerTianda,
yvela erTad mReroda da cekvavda. es adamianebi gveubnebodnen,
rom Cven es emociebi gagvyveba
Tveebio.
- saubris dasasruls, ras
usurvebT Cveni qarTuli emigraciis TiToeul wevrs, samSoblodan myof dedebs, mamebs, Svilebs?
- me vusurveb es adamianebi
iyvnen Zalian warmatebulni, rom
maT uyvardeT Tavisi samSoblo
pirvel rigSi, rac SeiZleba xSirad Camovidnen. vici, ver xerxdeba, rom yvelani exlave dabrundnen da icxovron saqarTveloSi,
magram sadac iqnebian, visurvebdi
warmatebulebi iyvnen. realurad,
TiToeuli wasuli warmatebuli adamiani, Zalian mniSvnelovania Cveni samSoblosaTvis, isini
Cveni nawili arian da Tavisi
warmatebiT exmarebian Cvens qveyanas. kargia, rom miecaT adamianebs imisi SesaZlebloba - gavidnen, bevri naxon, bevri SeiZinon,
ganaTleba, gamocdileba da es
yvelaferi daubrundeba isev
Cvens samSoblos.
- Cveni megobroba maZlevs imis
uflebas, pirdapir gkiTxo: aseT
warmatebul biznesmens ram gadagawyvetina energia da finansebi
Cagedo, Riad vTqvaT, aramomgebian
proeqtSi?
- piradad, bevri mizezi maqvs
imisTvis, rom monawileoba miviRo da Sevqmna aseTi proeqtebi.
pirvel rigSi Cveni qveynis, Cveni
samSoblos siyvarulia, Cveni enis,
qarTuli kulturis, qarTuli
simReris da Semdeg im niWieri
axalgazrdebis siyvarulia, romlebic ibadebian amerikaSi da war-
moadgenen Cveni qveynis saxes am
qveyanaSi. Tumca, es ar aris mTavari mizezi, mniSvnelovani mxolod
isaa, rom mec, rogorc yvela adamiani, sakuTar momavalze, sakuTar Svilebze vzrunav. es garkveulwilad
budis Seqmnis princi pia, radgan
jer Svilebi ar myavs. albaT, aqedanve, am formiT vakeTeb imas, rac SemiZlia - vamzadeb janmrTel garemos, sadac Cemi Svilebi, Tqveni Svilebi da saerTod yvela amerikaSi
dabadebuli qarTveli icxovrebs.
- ratom `jeostari~?
- es aris proeqti, upirveles
lana
quTaTelaZe:
- Cven 10 dRiT CamovdivarT
amerikaSi, mcire dro gvaqvs imisaTvis, rom gavecnoT iqaur emigracias, magram didi siamovnebiT movismenT yvela msurvels, movusmenT
Zalian yuradRebiT da SevecdebiT,
rom maqsimalurad gavaRvivoT maTSi simReris survili da SevayvaroT qarTuli musika. ZiriTadad
Cveni misiaa, rom gavecnoT iqaur
emigracias da Tu aRmovaCenT iseT
adamians emigrantebs Soris, romelsac CavTvliT rom namdvilad aqvs
imis potenciali, rom miiRos qarTuli kastingebSi monawileoba,
Cven mas aucileblad miviwvevT.
rac Seexeba anabanas, am proeqtis avtori Tavad gaxlavarT. aqedan
gamomdinare, Cven am emigrantebis proeqtSi monawileobis segmenti
yovelTvis gvqonda da iyo ganuyofeli nawili.
anabanas yvela sezonze gvyavda sxvadasxva qveynebidan emigranti
qarTvelebi, rogorc monawileebi am proeqtis da yovelTvis gvixaroda maTi monawileoba. me gaxlavarT moxaruli rom ukve Tavad meZleva imis SesaZlebloba, Camovide amerikaSi adgilze da iqve movismino
bavSvebi (maT sacxovrebel garemoSi) da siamovnebiT davpatiJeb TiToeul
bavSvs, romelic mogvewoneba am proeqtisaTvis.
- TqvenTvisac pirveli vizitia SeerTebul StatebSi?
- diax, pirvelad Camovdivar. raRa dagimaloT da ukve vcdilob
brodveis speqtaklebze bileTebis dajavSnas, ramdenadac movaswrebT
da SevZlebT. amerikaSi moxvedra didi bednierebaa da kargi Sansia nebismieri musikis sferosTan miaxloebuli adamianisaTvis. monawileobas miviReb yvela im RonisZiebaSic, romelsac dagvigegmavs diaspora.
`jeostari~ da ,,anabana“ amerikaSi~ - ase ewodeba saerTaSoriso festivali ,Cveneburebis“ da fond `qarTuli amerikis" axal proeqts,
romlis SesarCevi turi mimdinare wlis 30 aprilsa da 1 maiss Catardeba, xolo mayurebeli maT daskvniT gala-koncerts ixilavs 6 maiss,
`mileniumis~ sakoncerto darbazSi. orive proeqti qarTul telesivrceSi warmatebuli musikaluri proeqtia, romelTa saSualebiT qarTvelma sazogadoebam araerTi profesionali momRerali SeiZina. amerikasa da kanadaSi am Sous mizania aRmoaCinos da warudginos qarTvel
mayurebels samSoblodan Sors, emigraciaSi myofi niWieri axalgazrda Semsruleblebi.
Jiuris wevrebi ukve cnobilia. Jiurs qalbatoni marina beriZe uxelmZRvanelebs, agreTve wevrebad vixilavT qalbaton lana quTaTelaZes da baton nika raWvels( memaniSvils). koncerts wauZRvebian jeostarelebi - salome bakuraZe da nodiko tatiSvili.
am proqtis samzadisSi, kulisebSi gazeT `mamulis~ redaqciam `SeiWyita~ da telefoniT daukavSirda qalbatonebs - marina beriZes,
lana quTaTelaZes, festival `Cveneburebis~ prezidents - qalbaton giuli alasanias, vice-prezidents - qalbaton darejan kuxianiZes, fond
`qarTuli amerikis~ xelmZRvanels - baton guram SalutaSvils.
maT saxeldaxelo interviuebs qvemoT gTavazobT.
mkacri da momTxovni
fh dbmyt,b!
guram
guram
SalutaSvili:
SalutaSvili:
- Tqven Tavad brZandebodiT
mowme SarSandeli Cveneburebis
RonisZiebisa, romelic CavatareT
niu iorkSi, vaSingtonsa da filadelfiaSi. gaxsovT albaT, maSin daibada idea es urTierTobebi gagrZelebuliyo. konkretulad `anabanaze~ da `jeostarze~
ar gvifiqria, magram imdenad Tbili Sexvedra mogviwyves maqaurma
qarTvelebma, iseTi bednierebi wamovediT, rom gadawyviteT kidev
bevrjer gagvexarebina qarTuli
emigracia. maSin Cven gavicaniT
adamianebi, davmegobrdiT, urTierToba davamyareT sazRvargareT
mcxovreb qarTvelebTan, Cveni mizanic xom es aris? Zalian lamazi fraza sTqva maSin Cvenma elCma,
batonma Temur iakobaSvilma: `roca qarTveli ver midis samSobloSi, samSoblo modis maTTan
am festivalis saxiTo~. vcdilobT, rom samSoblo miviyvanoT amerikel qarTvelebTan da gansakuTrebiT bavSvebTan, romelTac qarTulic ar ician. vici, rom ukve
ramdenime sazogadoeba, koleqtivi
arsebobs amerikaSi - qarTul
cekvas swavloben bavSvebi, simRerebsac swavloben. wels CvenTan
festivalze iyo Camosuli qalbatoni Tamar daviTaSvili, ro-
marina beriZe
tisa, romelsac Cven 6 maiss CavatarebT `mileniumis~ darbazSi, es
iqneba saintereso master-klasebi,
aseve saintereso gakveTilebi, romelic aucileblad gaSuqdeba qarTuli televiziiT da iqneba praqtikulad Cveni pirveli Sexeba emigraciasTan `Cveneburebis~ egidiT,
pirveli Sexeba im mxriv, rom pirvelad vnaxulobT, ra mdgomareobaa
amerikaSi am mxriv.
- piradad, es Tqveni pirveli
vizitia SeerTebul StatebSi?
- me arasodes vyofilvar amerikaSi, amitomac molodini didia.
rasac vkiTxulob, rasac vxedav
mTeli cxovrebis manZilze, es aris
qveyana, romelic pirvel rigSi did
Tavisuflebas aZlevs adamians niWis
gamovlinebis, amitomac gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa Cveni Camosvla,
vnaxavT vin rogor mReris, rogor
stimuls aZlevs es Tavisufleba
maT SemoqmedebaSi...
- rogorc musikosi, ramdenad
gegmavT datvirToT es viziti Tundac brodveis miuziklebis naxviT?
- aucileblad, CvenTan erTad
modis nika memaniSvili, romelic
ubadlo ostatia amisa, ramodenimejer yofila amerikaSi, isic Sepirebulia, rom vnaxavT TiTqmis yvela
mniSvnelovan miuzikls. CvenTvisac
es iqneba didi nabiji win, radgan
saocneboa Seexo im qveynis xelovnebas, romelic mTels msoflioSi
aris wamyvani.
- momaval Sexvedramde..
yovlisa, qarTul sulze gaTvlili, radgan TiTqmis yvela nawarmoebi, yvela hangi Tu sityva, qarTulia. amerikaSi qarTveli bavSvebis
didma nawilma araTu srulad, saerTod ar ician qarTuli da yvelaze metad es proeqti daaxlovebs
maT qarTul enasTan, qarTul xelovnebasTan. garda imisa, rom es bavSvebi monawileobas miiReben qarTul
proeqtSi (SesaZlebloba eZlevaT
gaxdnen qarTuli Soubiznesis nawili), agreTve es iqneba saukeTeso momzadeba amerikuli proeqtebisTvisac, radgan TiTqmis yvela
proeqti erTi principiT muSaobs.
- ra suraTi gvaqvs am samuSao procesSi, registracias vgulixsmob?
- Cvenma organizaciam da partniorebma Zalian mkveTri politika CamovayalibeT am kuTxiT.
sruli pasuxismgeblobiT minda
giTxraT, rom Tavadac ar vici
vin Rebulobs monawileobas. Cven
SevZeliT diasporaSi gvenaxa adamiani, visac vendeT da vandeT es
sapasuxismgeblo saqme. natali
goderZiSvili aris is erTaderTi adamiani, romelmac icis monawileebis vinaoba da raodenoba.
- saintereso iqneboda mogeTxroT xmis micemis sistemis Sesaxebac. rogor warmogidgeniaT
es amerikaSi? vin arCevs gamarjvebuls? rogor moxdeba xmebis daTvla?
- unda gaviTvaliswinoT is, rom
aq ori proeqti muSaobs erTdroulad. anabanas da jeostars erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebuli teqnikuri
procesi aqvs muSaobis. saerTod
isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom
es proeqtebi sruli saxiT ver
imuSavebda amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, drois resursebis gamoc.
es aris erTgvari versia amerikisTvis. vTvli, rom soliduri Jiuri Camodis, iqneba ordRiani SesarCevi turi, sruliad daxuruli,
sadac Jiuri damoukideblad SearCevs 6 jeostaris da 6 anabanas monawiles safinalo koncertisTvis. 3-3 gamarjvebulis SerCeva moxdeba gala-koncertze Jiurisa da `esemesis~ meSveobiT.
`esemesi~ gadawyvetilebis 4050 procents Seadgens da TiToeul monawiles eqneba Tavisi nomeri, romelzec damswre mayurebeli SeZlebs xmis micemas darbazSi, es monacemebic adgilzeve,
virtualuri programebis saSualebiT daiTvleba da Jiuric
gaiTvaliswinebs mayureblis survils.
- am intervius axla Tqveni
konkursis potenciuri monawile
an maTi mSobeli SeiZleba kiTxulobdes. ras mouwodebdiT maT?
- es axalgazrda Taobis proeqtia, SesaZleblobaa Seexon qarTul simReras, saqarTvelos, gaxdnen am procesis monawile. darwmunebuli var, monawileTa did
nawils Tavi warmoudgenia qarTul simReraSi da vTvli, rom
es saukeTeso SesaZlebloba iqneba
maTTvis. kidev erTi mniSvnelovani sakiTxi gaxlavT samarTlianobis momenti - gadawyvetilebas
Rebulobs xalxi da Jiuri erTad. mimaCnia, rom Jiuris am Semadgenlobas xalxis ndobis didi
faqtori gaaCnia saqarTveloSi.
darejan kuxianiZe:
melmac Camoiyvana ramdenime bavSvi
,,Tamarianidan”, didi warmateba hqonda maT mier Sesrulebul simReras `jorjia~. am kontaqtebma da
gansakuTrebiT fondma `qarTuli
amerika~ SemogvTavaza es kulturuli urTierTobebi, daibada azri,
rom `anabana~ da `jeostari~ amerikaSi mcxovrebi qarTveli bavSvebisTvis, mozardebisTvis Camogvetana.
pirobiTad vambob Camogvetana, anu
am proeqtebis raRac nawili ganxorcielebuliyo mand.
mogexsenebaT, rodesac `jeostari~ iwyeba, organizatorebi dadian
saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSi,
amowmeben axalgazrdebs, SerCeviT
turebs atareben da Semdeg xdeba
maTi Camoyvana ukve dedaqalaqSi.
warmovidginoT, rom es saqarTvelos
kuTxea, mand xom patara saqarTveloa, ase ar aris? Cven mxars gviWers
saqarTvelos kulturisa da diasporis saministroebi. diasporis
saministro yovelTvis dainteresebulia sazRvargareT mcxovreb qarTvelebTan urTierobiT, miTumetes
es kulturuli urTierToba moswonT, aseve kulturis saministrosTvis es aris kulturuli proeqti - qarTuli simReris, qarTuli
kulturis popularizaciis sazRvargareT da gansakuTrebiT bavSvebSi, siyvaruli qarTuli simRerisa, es xom Zalian mniSvnelovania.
Cven yoveldRiuri kontaqti
gvaqvs Jiuris warmomadgenlebTan,
mogexsenebaT aqedan mobrZandebian
qalbatonebi marina beriZe, lana
quTaTelaZe, batoni nika raWvelimemaniSvili, manana morCilaZe, ori
jeostareli. seriozulad muSaoben
ukve aq da gvaqvs samuSao urTierToba `qarTul amerikasTan~, baton guram SalutaSvilTan da qalbaton ekaterine SveliZesTan. es
urTulesi Sromaa, miTumetes mand,
rTulia saerTod kulturuli
proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, yvela
Sromobs, yoveli wuTi aqvT gansazRvruli, yoveli dRe gawerili... baraqala maT, rom mainc
cdiloben bavSvebi ar moswyviton qarTul samyaros, qarTul
simReras, qarTul xelovnebas
aziaron.
Zalian mawuxebs is, rom bavSvebi swavloben amerikul skolebSi, TandaTan iviwyeben qarTuls, mSoblebi ki elaparakebian, magram weras, kiTxvas xom
mainc sxva mniSvneloba aqvs?
bavSvi unda gaizardos rusTavelze, vaJaze, unda gaizardos
galaqtionze, unda icodes qarTuli mwerloba, qarTuli musika,
qarTuli folklori da amas
rom arian mowyvetilebi, Zalian
ganvicdi.
didi madloba manuCar, vici
rom did qarTul saqmes akeTebT,
Jurnalisti brZandebiT da obieqturad aSuqebT yvelafers. Zalian didi madloba am saqmianobisTvis.
- uRrmesi madloba.
- momaval Sexvedramde, mokiTxva ,,qarTul amerikas“, bavSvebs,
yvelas, vinc monawileobas miiRebs am SesaniSnav da saWiro
RonisZiebebSi.
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
5
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
- ra aris monatreba?
ar minda movixmo sityva `nostalgia~, rameTu masSi dardic igulisxmeba, sinanulic, erTgvari melanqoliac.
monatreba ki, raRac ufro sxvaa,
- faqizi, ufro naTeli, is, rac
`erTxel cxovlad suls daaCndebis~, rac SenSia mudam, rac ar geTmoba, - erTi sityviT, monatreba
SeiZleba mxolod imis, rac giyvars.
siyvaruli ki, xom sityviT gamouTqmeli da auxsnelia. ra kargad
Tqva poetma:
`Cemi Tbilisi da firosmani,
ar vici, ase ram Semayvara.~
aseve, dauviwyaria is gaoceba
da aRtaceba, ZvelTbilisuri surneli rom axlda: `rad miyvarxar...~,
romelsac mohyveboda xolme CamoTvla yvelanairi xiblisa, maT Soris
- `imitom, rom es dunia beWedia
da am beWdis didi Tvali Sena
xar!~, TumcaRa, amaod, rameTu bolos
isev ismoda Tbilisqalaqur kiloze is miamiti SekiTxva da wrfeli
pasuxic erTdroulad:
`bemurazi viyo, Tu vicode!~
am sityvebSi TiTqos Cveni gulisTqmac ixateboda.
da gviyvarda dedamdinaris,
mtkvrisgayolebaze Sefenili Tbilisqalaqi - ciskris varskvlavze
JriamuliT gaRviZebuli da saRamo xans, mzis Cabindebisas idumalebiT moculi, amqveyniur codomadlze fiqris aRmZvreli, dardimandi da dardianic, enamWevri da
sityvaZviric, loTiani da SfoTiani, marTali da pirumtkicoc, saxemcinari da moRrublulic, Sublgaxsnili da warbSekrulic, xumara da damcinavi da, imavdroulad,
alersiani da Tanamlmobelic... iqneb amitomac arasodes mohklebia
Tbiliss trfiali da mexotbe yvela erisa da modgmis kacTagan,
me ki aq mainc Cveni sisxlismieri
poetis, giorgi xuxaSvilis, Cveni
sayvareli giglas simReris sityvebs gavixseneb:
`erTi dRiTac rom dagtovo,
momenatrebi,
sulSi mudam Srialeben
Seni Wadrebi~...
xedavT, aqac `monatrebaa~, anu
isev is, rasac ver Tmob, ver elevi,
- `rac erTxel cxovlad suls
daaCndebis~.
gana ara, yoveli Cvenganis sulSi
bavSvobidanve xmianobda poeturad
maRali da filosofiuri `fiqrni
mtkvris piras~: `vin icis, mtkvaro,
ras butbuteb, visTvis ras ityvi...~,
magram aseve, bediswerasaviT mudam
Tangvdevda dudukis sevdian hangze
ZvelTbilisurad Tqmuli:
`mtkvari Caudis Tbilis-qalaqs
Cvens dards waiRebs,
Cvens fiqrs waiRebs,
Cveni gulis murazs waiRebs,
bolos, iqneba da,
Cvenc Tan wagviRebs...~
da TiTqos marTla mihqonda da
mihyveboda guljavrian mtkvris dinebas Tbilisis ganumeorebloba, aqvarelis ferebiviT irecxeboda da
iSleboda misi araCveulebrivi xiblis konturebi da saxe-ieri. axla
Tbilisi, ragind ar unda vcdilobdeT mis idealizirebas, erTi ganaxlebuli, Tanadrouli qalaqia, SesaZloa, Tavisi landSaftiTa da
bunebiT marTla gamorCeulad lamazi da mimzidveli, magram mainc
iseTi, analogi sxvaganac rom daeZebneba. Tbilisis ganumeoreblobasa
da erTaderTobas ki, qmnida misi
Zveli ubnebis nairferoba, maTi auwereli TviTmyofoba da koloriti:
Wreli da aTassjuli xalxiT mozimzime maidani - marTla im Jamuxsovari babiloniviT enebaRreuli
da codvisSvilobiT daRdasmuli;
Rvinis rumbebiani sirajxana da
sufsarqisis qarbuqisagan SeboWili
xarfuxi; aSpaSxana da nariyala;
quCabandebiani CuRureTi da yomarbazebis sabudari tiali xojevanqi;
mzisagan daWorflili SaiTani da
bazazxana; SeRmaTiani feTxaini da
sololaki; xelosanTa riye da bambisrigi; orTaWalis baRebi da
mtkvris gaRma kldidan almacerad
gadmomzirali avlabari; `pirdabanili~ kopwia zemeli da bohemuri
verisubani...
da, raRa Tqma unda, iyo e. w.
aristokratiuli Tbilisic, `patara parizs~ rom eZaxdnen, Tavisi
movardisfro-moiisfro, evropuli
ti pis CuqurTmebiT damSvenebuli
saxlebiT, konkis gzebiT gaserili
golovinisa da mixaelis prospeqtebiT, TeatrebiT, `odeon~-`iluzionebiT~, samorinoebiT; brolis WaRebiT gabRvrialebuli samejlisoebiT, musikalur-literaturuli
salonebiT... aq ismoda klavisinebisa Tu fortepianoebis akompanementiT saopero ariebi, sonatebi,
serenadebi, baiaTebis wil - neapolitanuri simRerebi, `baRdaduris~
nacvlad `mazurkebs~ cekvavdnen Tavmomwone da narnari wyvilebi `qmnulni keTil friad~; sufrebze
iRvreboda darbaisluri `mraval
Jamier~ da modernuli - `alaverdi, gospod staboiu~, xelidan xelSi gadadioda azarfeSebi - sevadiani vercxlis Tasebi da aseve
satuCeboze movercxlil-movarayebuli uSvelebeli yanwebi... aq gaismoda sakuTari gvarisSvilobiT amayi da ruseT-evropamovlili `pietikosis~, vaxtang orbelianis `ar gamagonoT dafa-zurnis
hangi veluri,
Cems TbilisSi var, daukariT
tkbilqarTveluri~.
diax, esec iyo, iyo da masac
`Zveli Tbilisis bohema~ hqvia.
da ara mis paralelurad an misgan
gancalkevebulad, aramed masTan Serwymulad, rogorc erTsul da erTxorc, iyo demokratiuli Tbilisqalaqi - dReniadag mklavmouRle-
li da muxlCauxreli maSvrali,
Sublsa da mkerdze dadenil oflSeumSrali da mainc gulgautexeli, romantikulad rom RiRinebda:
`mTvarian Rames Zili Cemi
mkrTalia,
usayvarlod guli Cemi, vaih, - mkvdaria...~
da alalad gulidan amoxeTqili:
`Sen arzrumis ciskari xar,
gulnara!..~
da am aRmosavlur-dasavlur, evropul-amierkavkasiur ekleqtikas
Tu namdvil Tbilis-qalaquri sulis mTlianobas mudam aRtacebaSi mohyavda yvela, da rac mTavaria, aocebdaT da aognebdaT mis
mravalferovnebaSi davanebuli da
mkveTrad gamovlenili erovnulsarwmunoebrivi Semwynarebloba, simbolurad rom gamoixata miwis erT
mtkavelze dateuli sami religiuri siwmindis - qristianuli sionis taZris, iudevelTa sinagogisa
da muslimTa meCeTis mSvidi da
uwyinari TanaarsebobiT. da mReroda kidec amiT STagonebuli Tbiliseli aSuRi, ieTim gurji:
`meCeTi da sinagoga,
da sioni wmidaTwmida,
kaci iyav kacuri da
iq iloce, sadac ginda...~
ase, rom Tbilisis saxe-iers, mis
ganumeoreblobas da erTaderTobas
marTla oden mis viwro SukebSi
amoZaxili - `mawoni!.. naxSiri!..
panta!.. knapa!.. TuTa-xarTuTa~ ki ar qmnida, aramed sxvadasxva
sjulis xalxTa Svilebis erTnairi
siyvaruli mSobliuri qalaqisadmi,
maTi erTnairad Tbilisuri Tanadgoma da urTierTgamtanoba. es mrwamsi, sisxlSi da xorcSi gamjdari, es ideologia gansazRvravda
da ganapirobebda Tbilis-qalaqis
gamorCeulobas. da es yovelive,
TiTqos, marTla waiRo mtkvaris
amRvreul wyalTa dinebam. zogi
amas JamTasvlis siavesa da ulmobelobas miawerda. raRa Tqma unda,
droTa damangreveli srbolac tovebda Tavis kvals, magram meti siave
mohqonda gulgrilobas da ganukiTxaobas. codva, miutevebeli codva iqna Cadenili. marTalia, gasuli saukunis bolo meoTxedSi zogzogi TiTqos gons moego, daiwyes
ukve iavarqmnil da namusral Zveli
Tbilisis ubnebis aRdgena-restavrireba, magram es keTilSobiluri
mcdeloba ukve gansvenebulis zizil-pi piloebiT morTvas ufro
emsgavsa, rameTu sulis aRdgena SeuZlebelia. da mwared agvixda is
sityvebi, am ocdaTvrameti wlis
win (hau, ra dro gasula!), rom
vwerdi erT Cems kinorecenziaSi,
romelic eZRvneboda uniWieresi,
TxemiT-terfamde Tbiliseli xelovnis, mixeil Wiaurelis films
- `rac ginaxavs, veRar naxav~, aqvsenti
cagarlis uberebeli piesis ekranul xorcSesxmas: `dro da axlis
Semtevi Zala, - vwerdi maSin, - ise
mosravs warsulis naSTebs, rom
male, albaT, kinoSic ki sanatreli
gagvixdeba Zveli Tbilisis cocxali naturis xilva. gamoxdeba xani da sasoebiT vnaxavT am filmis
bevr kadrs, romlebSic TiTqos pirvelqmnili uSualobiT warmogvidgeba Zveli Tbilisis saocari koloriti, misi sikeTe da codvisSviloba, patiosneba da xelmrudoba,
gaurandavi xumroba da alali guli. erTi sityviT, Zveli qalaqis
marTali saxec da ferumarilic...~
axla es Cemi didi xnis winandeli kinorecenzia da komediografi aqvsenti cagarlis piesac gamaxsena qarTuli klasikuri dramaturgiis kidev erTi nimuSis `xanumas~ moulodnelma dadgmam
niu-iorkSi, buxarel-ebrael emigrant scenis moyvarulTa Teatr
`aRorZinebaSi~. vin ifiqrebda, rom
aq, okeanis gamoRma, guZonis piras
kvlav vixilavdiT Zveli Tbilisis
gauxunar koloritul saxeebs.
marTla saocari xalxia es buxarlebi, oden dauzareli garjiTa
da xelxvavianobiT ki ara, aramed
TavianTi kulturuli tradiciebisa da TviTmyofobisadmi zrunviTa da warmoCenisaken swrafviTac.
arafers vambob maT mecnier-istorikosTa wignebisa da beWdviTi gamocemebis simravleze, magram ager
ukve cxra welia arsebobs da warmatebiT moRvaweobs buxarel-ebrael scenis moyvarulTa Teatraluri dasi, romelsac saTaveSi udgas
uzbekeTis damsaxurebuli artisti,
reJisori semion aulovi. daidga
cxra speqtakli, maT Soris - `xanuma~, romelsac mayureblisa da presis gansakuTrebuli aRiareba xvda.
Tavad reJisori ki ambobs: `xanumas~ scenuri xorcSesxmiT miznad
visaxavdi niu-iorkSi buxarel da
qarTvel ebraelTa Temebis kidev
ufro daaxloebasa da SekavSirebaso. udavod, keTilSobiluri mizanswrafvaa. TumcaRa, etyoba, speqtaklis warmateba martoden amiT ar
unda iyos ganpirobebuli. rogorc
Cans, cagarlis komediaSi asaxuli
socialuri garemo da situaciebi, met-naklebad gansxvavebuli erovnuli niSnebis miuxedavad, mainc
erTnairad damaxasiaTebeli da nacnobi yofila sxvadasxva kuTxis
xalxebisaTvis~.
`xanumaSi~ moqmedeba xdeba me19 saukunis bolo meoTxedSi. gadavardnilia baton-ymoba, gadaSenebis
gzazea feodalizmis instituti.
SemoWrila da fexs ikidebs savaWro kapitalizmi. degradacias ganicdis Tavadaznauroba. ukve raxania uimedodaa dagiravebuli bankebSi maTi mamulebi, mTeli qoneba da
avladideba, TviT sagvareulo reliqviebic ki - tradiciul vercxlis qamar-xanjal-dambaCamde. arada, kudi mainc yavarze aqvT gadebuli, Rvinis smasa da qeifs ver
oTar
oTar
sefiaSvili
sefiaSvili
anu
Zveli
Tbilisis
zmanebani
guZonis
piras
da popularuloba. da, rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania, am suraTiTac
dadasturda `xanumas~ kidev erTi,
imTaviTve Tandayolili Tviseba:
droTa svlis kvaldakval misi socialur-esTetikuri gardasaxvis,
cxovrebis sxvadasxva periodis
moTxovnebTan organulad Sexmianebis saocari unari.
uTuod, amis Sedegic iyo, rom
film `qeTo da kotes~ gadaRebidan TiTqos sami aTeuli wlis
Semdeg, cagarlis lamis miviwyebuli piesa ukve scenur miuziklad
gaiazra qarTuli Teatraluri
skolis ganmaaxlebelma da novatorma, SesaniSnavma reJisorma mixeil TumaniSvilma. man Zalze niWier da sayovelTaod aRiarebuli
kompozitoris, gia yanCelis musikis TanxlebiT `xanumas~ axleburi versia warmoadgina rusTavelis
akademiuri Teatris scenaze. klasikurma piesam bunebrivad moirgo
da moixdina Tanadrouli saxeieri; Seicvala da sxvagvarad gadanawilda Zveli literaturuli
Tavwyaroseuli aqcentebi, laRad
ganviTarda moqmedeba. daxvewili
mizanscenebiT, dRevandelobis prizmaSi gardatexili Zvel-Tbilisuri melodiebiTa da mixra-moxris
plastikiT, gonebamaxvili xumrobebis kaskadiT ikveTeboda personaJTa xasiaTebi, romlebSic duRda
da ikveseboda uniWieres msaxiobTa
- erosi manjgalaZisa da salome
yanCelis, ramaz CxikvaZisa da medea
Caxavas TviTmyofi talanti da xelovneba. speqtakli Zveli Tbili-
oTar sefiaSvilis werili-recenzia `monatreba~ am aTiode wlis winaT daibeWda gazeTSi `saqarTvelos
respublika~. imdenad momewona, statia saguldagulod amomiWria gazeTidan da saintereso statiebis
Cemeul zandukSi Camiketavs. am ramodenime dRis win mas SemTxveviT wavawydi, gadavikiTxe da cremlebic Tavad moswyda Tvals... es statia recenzia araa, ar maxsovs vinmes ase warmosaxavad daexatos Tbilisi sagazeTo kabadonebSi Tu sastambo saRebavebiT. waikiTxeT da Tavad dameTanxmebiT.
rac Seexeba werilis avtors, oTar sefiaSvils, mas wardgena ar sWirdeba Cveni mkiTxvelis winaSe...
cnobili Jurnalisti, saqarTvelos xelovnebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, kinokritikosi da scenaristi,
wlebis manZilze popularuli satelevizio programis `iluzionis~ wamyvani, Cveni iubilaric!
Tmoben, garja-samsaxurs Takiloben kvlavindeburi ampartavnobiT,
sinamdvileSi ki mdidar mziTvebian qalebis colad SerTvaSi eZeben
Svelas, sufrebzec mRerian gulaxdilad, SeRvianebul-SezarxoSebulebi:
`ginda iyos gonji, gindac
hgavdes kunZsa,
oRond hqondes fuli, viTxov,
RmerTi-rjuli...~
meore mxriv ki, odesme qalaqis
mSvenebisa da `marilis~ - yaraCoxelebis dakninebuli modgmis kintos naSier, gaqsuebul CarC-vaWrebs oqro-vercxliT gauvsiaT TavianTi mamapapuri Zveli zandukebi,
Tavdajerebuli da, cota ar iyos,
damcinavebic arian, rakiRa axla
yvelasi da yvelafris yidva SeiZleba fuliT. oRond is kia, rom
RalatobT sakuTari mdabiuri gvarisSviloba, akliaT titulebi,
prestiJuli wodebebi, epoletebs
da Cin-medlebs natruloben. da
arafers iSureben e. w. `Rerbian~
maRal sazogadoebaSi gasarevad `keTilSobilTa wreebSi~ Sesasvlelad. maTi imedic TavianTi, ukve
`francuzulad~ gazrdili qaliSvilebis sarfianad gasaReba-gaTxovebaa. ara uWirs, Tu `Rerbiani~
sasiZo ukve mixrwnili, Tavqariani
da jibegamoferTxilia, oRond `Renerali Tu ara, aficeri mainc iyos.~
da orive mxarisaTvis, - rogorc
gudafSuta didgvarovnebisaTvis,
ise fuliT gatenil tomara qorvaWrebisaTvis, - Seucvleli da aucilebeli xdeba gaqnili da xerxiani Suamaval-gamrigebeli, anu maWankali.
ase gaCnda Zveli Tbilisis yvelaze cnobili da ybadaRebuli
personaJi xanuma - cbieri da TvalTmaqci, ezo-ezo da kardakar mosiarule, yvelgan da yvelaferSi Caxeduli, aravisi rom ara gamoepareba ra, icis rogor SerTos mziTvebiani gonji gadayruebul didgvarovans da umziTvo lamazmani gaaznaurebul mdabios.
da Tvalmaxvilma komediografma
aqvsenti cagarelma SesaniSnavi piesac dawera mis oinebze, misgan gacurebul yeyeCebsa Tu gabednierebul
Seyvarebul wyvilebze. isini ukve
as welze metia cocxloben scenaze.
gana ara, qarTul TeatrSi am Temaze sxvac araerTi komediuri piesa Tu vodevili dadgmula, maT
Soris - cremlnarevi `solomon
isakiC mejRanuaSvili~ - lavrenti
ardazianisa, magram yvelaze gamZle
da popularuli mainc `xanuma~
aRmoCnda - Tavisi marTali xalxuri xasiaTebiT, gonebamaxvili komikuri situaciebiT da kvimati dialogebiT, Zirmompali adaT-wesebis
qirdva-qilikiT da gamwkeplavi, uarmyofeli siciliT. diax, sicili
erCiaT. da Tu ikiTxavT - ratom
mainc da mainc sicilio, socialur msxvrevas xom adamianTa bediRblisa da sulieri msxvrevac
mohyvebodao. - maSin gavixsenoT
erTi brZenkac-filosofosis naTqvami - `kacobrioba siciliT eTxoveba Tavis warsuls~.
Teatralur scenaze piesis gansakuTrebulma warmatebam da misdami mayureblis siyvarulma ganapirobes, rom gasuli saukunis 20ian
wlebSi `xanuma~ filmadac gadaiRes - imJamindeli qarTuli ekranis `varskvlavebis~ - kote miqaberiZis, Tamar bolqvaZis, miSa Wiaurelis monawileobiT da es suraTi Cveneburi adreuli kinokomediis saukeTeso nimuSadaa aRiarebuli erovnuli kinos istoriaSi.
Semdeg `xanumas~ motivebze kompozitorma viqtor doliZem Seqmna
araCveulebrivad xalisiani da mCqefare komediuri opera `qeTo da
kote~ romelSic axleburad JRerda ZvelTbilisuri musikaluri
folkloris hangebi, cocxldeboda
qalaquri qoreografia, ismoda Tbilisuri sulis gadamrCeneli mxiaruli sicil-kiskisi.
mogvianebiT ki (es ukve omisSemdgomi pirveli wlebi iyo) cagarlis piesac da doliZis operac
erTad safuZvlad daedo qarTuli
kinos TvalsaCino, SeiZleba iTqvas,
yvelaze mziur films - `qeTo da
kotes~, romelic imTaviTve aitaca
da, rom ityvian, gulSi Caixuta
sicilsa da lamaz, romantikul
sanaxaobas monatrebulma omgamovlilma mayurebelma da es siyvaruli mas dRemde ar ganelebia.
scenari Seqmna Zveli Tbilisis
yofisa da folkloris SesaniSnavma
mcodnem, mweralma siko faSaliSvilma, dadgma ki ganaxorcieles
imJamad axalgazrda, niWierma da
Teatralur xelovnebaSi ukve aRiarebulma reJisorma vaxtang tabliaSvilma da parizSi, Jan vilaris
saxelovan dasSi wvrTnagamovlilma Salva gedevaniSvilma. yovelgvari yalbi Tavmdablobis gareSe unda
iTqvas: `qeTo da kote~ arafriT arc mdidrulobiT da arc mxatvruli SesrulebiT, ar Camouvardeba im drois holivudSi gadaRebul miuziklebs da, iqneb, kidevac
jobnides maT Tavisi bunebriobiT
da uSualobiT, rameTu es qarTuli filmi gadaRebulia cocxal
da araCveulebrivad momxiblav realur garemoSi, riTac namdvil istoriul dokumentad rCeba. igi
mayurebels xiblavs ara Suq-efeqtebiT, TvalmomWreli dekoraciebiTa da butaforiebiT, aramed imJamad jer kidev SemorCenili namdvili sasaxleebiT, brwyinvale mosarkuli darbazebiT Tu viwro mixveul-moxveul quCebSi Cadgmuli,
xalxuri arqiteqturiT nagebi kopwia saxlebiT, xis rikulebiani
da TviTmyofi CuqurTmebiT damSvenebuli aivnebiT. filmis avtorebma
kidev ufro gaamdidres suraTis
literaturuli da musikaluri
Tavwyaroebi Tamami poeturi, vokaluri da qoreografiuli divertismentebiT. am mxriv, Tundac, martoden yaraCoRelTa scenebi rad
Rirs, maTi mravalxmiani - `me rom
vloTob, Sen ras giSli, Zmobilo~,
an yofil mefisnacvlis sasaxlis
ezo-baRSi gadaRebuli Ramis serenadad warmodgenili `muxambazi~
- RiRiniT dawyebuli da reCitativiT ganviTarebuli - `gind meZinos, mainc sulSi mizixar, Tvals
avaxel - zed wamwamze mizixar...~
an kidev, brwyinvaled dadgmuli
cekvebi: iliko suxiSvilisa da
Sura ToiZis - `qarTuli~, nino
ramiSvilis dauviwyari - `jeirani~, giorgi SavguliZis mier virtuozulad Sesrulebuli - `baRdaduri~, romelSic suls idgamda mxatvar lado gudiaSvilis `Zveli
Tbilisis suraTebis~ ganumeorebeli plastika. daumateT amas ulamazesi medea jafariZisa da baTu
kraveiSvilis - qeTos da kotes
dueti, vaso goZiaSvilisa da giorgi SevguliZis - kintoebis tandemi, Tamar WavWavaZis saocari xiblis
iumoriT gaTamaSebuli xanuma, petre amiranaSvilis - gulzviadi Tavadi levani, Salva RambaSiZis gamWriaxi Wkuis sovdagari makari; TviT
mcire epizodur rolebsa da masobriv scenebSic ki, - imJamindeli
qarTuli Teatrisa da kinos brwyinvale msaxiobTa namdvili Tanavarskvlavedi, TiToeuli maTganis TvalSeudgami niuansebiT aRsavse da
mkveTri artistuli individualobiT aRbeWdili uzado saxeebi, da advili warmosadgenia, Tu ram
ganapiroba am filmis dRegrZeloba
sis ganumeoreblobasTan kvlav Sexvedris sixarulad da zeimad iqca.
sulac ar iyo moulodneli, rom
`xanumas~ swored es axleburi
versia irCia da ukve rusul enaze
Targmnili, leningrad-sankt-peterburgis saxelmoxveWili dramatuli Teatris scenaze dadga Tbilisuri sulisa da qarTul TeatrSi
fexadgmulma nacadma reJisorma guga tovstonogovma. speqtakli imJamindelma rusulma Teatralurma
kritikam da madlierma mayurebelma
sezonis sensaciad aRiqva. misi Canaweri sakavSiro tele-ekranebzec
gavida warmatebiT. oRond, is kia,
rom qarTveli mayurebeli ver egueboda da yurs ver aCvevda cagarlis personaJTa specifikurad rusuli aqcentebiT metyvelebas. erTgvar uxerxulobas iwvevda is
garemoebac, rom tovstonogovis
speqtaklSi Zveli Tbilisis avlabari da misi mkvidrni ratomRac
xazgasmulad somxuri ierisad gamoiyurebodnen, Tavad xanumac martooden `avlabaris diasaxlisad~
moinaTla da mis saxe-ierSi `haosuri~ meti iyo, vidre `qarTlosuri~. sinamdvileSi ki, Tbilisis es
uZvelesi ubani qarTuli da somxuri qalaquri kulturebis raRac
saocar sinTezad warmogvidgeboda.
man warmoSva sruliad gansxvavebuli socialuri fena, - sufTa Tbilis-qalaquri saxe-ierisa, - Taviseburi metyvelebis kiloTi, sakuTari zne-CveulebebiTa da adaTwesebiT, cxovrebis av-kargze Tavisi
SexedulebebiT. da, rac mTavaria,
qarTul erovnul kulturasTan gaerTianebisa da masTan Serwymis Sinagani moswrafebiT... sxvaTa Soris,
misi es Tvisebebi vlindeboda Tbilisur arqiteqturaSic, romlis
nimuSebi dRemdea SemorCenili ara
martooden mtkvris marcxena napiris ubnebSi, aramed yofil `dvorcovze~, sololakSi, zemelsa Tu
veraze. ase rom, avlabari, iqneb, marTla Wreli da ekleqtikuri, mainc namdvili Tbilisuri fenomeni iyo da misi mTlianad mikuTvneba-miwera erTi romelime erovnuli kulturisadmi aSkara Secdoma da mkrexelobac kia.
arada, sulac ar iyo gamoricxuli, rom amgvar unebur gadaxras
Tu tendencias Tavi eCina scenis
moyvarulTa buxarul-ebrauli dasis speqtaklSic. radgan cagarlis
"xanumas" am dadgmasac piesis swored rusuli varianti udevs safuZvlad. da Tu amjerad, sabednierod,
es safrTxe aridebuli aRmoCnda,
amaSi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani
wvlili miuZRvis faqizad da taqtiT Sesrulebul scenografias, romelic Cvens Tanamemamule da sisxlismier niWier mxatvars soso
jinjixaSvils ekuTvnis. uTuod
aqve unda aRiniSnos: speqtaklis
damdgmel semion aulovis, rogorc
reJisorisa da sazogado moRvawis,
alRo da wingaxeduloba imaSic
gamovlinda, rom man konsultantad
da mxatvrul gamformeblad miiwvia soso, xelovani, romelsac profesiulad aqvs Seswavlili da Tavis grafikul Tu ferwerul namuSevrebSi gancdiT gadmoscems Zveli
Tbilisis koloritul sanaxebs.
igi, agreTve, kargad icnobs `xanumas~ im scenur-ekranul `biografiasac~, romlis gakvriT warmodgenac am CanawerebSi vcade.
CemTvis Zvirfasia da dRemde
siyvaruliT vinaxav sosos mier
didi xnis winaT Seqmnil ferad
linograviurebis Tbilisur serias,
romelic man emigraciaSi wasvlamde maCuqa. ra vicodi maSin, rom
Turme amiT meTxoveboda. isic kargad maxsovs, am namuSevrebs Tavis
droze, Tbilisis samxatvro gale-
reaSi `sagazafxulo gamofenis~
eqspoziciis TavsarTobisa da gaxsnis pativi rom xvdaT. imis Tqmac
Tamamad SeiZleba, rom Tbilisur
motivebs, metadre - qalaqis Zveli
ubnebisadmi trfialsa da maT nostalgiur gaxsenebas mniSvnelovani adgili uWiravs soso jinjixaSvilis mravalwaxnagovan SemoqmedebaSi. mepatios mouTmenloba, Tu
aqve gavamxel, rom igi dResac gatacebiT muSaobs sakmaod mozrdil
ferwerul tiloebze, ferad da
Sav-TeTr grafikul nawarmoebze,
romlebsac ciklad gaerTianebuls
Tavad uwoda `Tbilisis monatreba~ da romlis dasrulebasa da
xilvasac cnobiswadiliT veliT
misi niWis Tayvanismcemlebi.
gana ara, sosos adrec araerTgzis ucdia Tavi Teatralur mxatvrobaSi. ai, ratom dahyva igi
xalisiT buxarel scenis moyvarulTa mier SemoTavazebul TanamSromlobas da mTeli Tveebis ganmavlobaSi Cveuli enTuziazmiTa
da gatacebiT uangarod moRvaweobda dasTan erTad speqtakl `xanumas~ mxatvruli saxe-ieris Camosayalibeblad. Seqmna personaJTa grimisa da Cacmulobis eskizebi, romelTa mixedviTac, misive rCeviT,
saqarTveloSi Seikera SesaniSnavi
kostiumebi; misi Tavze dgomiT da
miTiTebebiT gakeTda aq, niu-iorkSi
Zveli Tbilisis yofisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli rekviziti; da, rac
mTavaria, scenis saqusarze gadaWima rvametriani pano Tbilis-qalaqis
dauviwyari sanaxebisa, romelmac,
faqtobrivad, gansazRvra speqtaklis
mTeli koloriti da mxatvruli
momxiblveloba.
mkiTxveli mixvdeboda, albaT, rom
amjerad me ar vwer Teatralur
recenzias, TumcaRa, buxarel-ebrael
scenis moyvarulTa dasis mier ganxorcielebuli `xanumas~ dadgma
uTuod imsaxurebs seriozul gansjas da qebasac, niu-iorkis rusulenovan presaSi arcTu cota ram
iTqva aRfrTovanebiT reJisor auloviseul gulmoxdenil mizanscenebsa da ritmis grZnobaze, moqmedebis dinamiurad ganviTarebis
unarze, rolebis SemsrulebelTa
TviTmyof da niWier TamaSze, mTlianad warmodgenisagan gamowveul
sixarulze...
me ki, ubralod,
gimxelT Cems STabeWdilebasa
da gancdas.
rodesac gia yanCelis nacnobi
musikis TanxlebiT gaixsna farda
da mayurebliT gadavsebuli darbazi pirveli taSiT Seegeba scenis
siRrmeSi amoSuqebul soso jinjixaSvilis STagonebiT Sesrulebul
mxatvrul panos Tbilisis sanaxebisas, Cemdauneburad meufleboda
raRac cisferi zmanebani, megona,
rom ai, axla mis fonze, haerovani
simsubuqiT acurdnen gamWvirvale
landebi Zveli Tbilisis mkvidrTa:
Rirseulad TavdaWerili yaraCoRelebi - sisxam diliT, mearRneebis
TanxlebiT, faetonebiT rom miemarTebodnen gogirdis abanoebisaken;
CixtikopiT morTuli, ferumariliT
saxeSelesili faSfaSa kneinebi da
maTi qobamovlebuli qolgebiT
TvalebmoCrdiluli gasaTxovari
asulebi; evropulad gamowyobili
frantebi da SavserTukiani, pensneebiani Cinovnikebi; sovdagrebi msxvilmarcvliani krialosnebiT
xelSi; yvelas da yvelafris gamkilavi Worikana dedakacebi; doinjSemoyrili kintoebi - lurjad
moxarSuli mtkvris `murwa-WanariTa~ da `xramuliT~ savse, alibuxariTa da xarTuTiT damSvenebuli
TavzeSemodgmuli xis gobebiT; rusul epoletebze gayiduli `kniazebi~, romelTa msgavsebzec uTqvams
cxonebul saiaTnovas: `gogra ver
gaxdeba Sirazis SuSa, ragind maRla TaxCazedac daawyo~; dabRverili policielebi da `nemsis yunwSi gamZromi~ jibgirebi; orTaWalis TvalebmaSxala turfebi da
maTi avan-Cavana loTi-SfoTi dardimandebi; TavTavianTi salocavebisken gaSurebuli uriebi, muslimebi, rusi da qarTveli marTlmadideblebi, grigorianeli Tu kaToliki somxebi; marCielebi da lamaz
sapatarZloebze Tvalgacecebuli
maWanklebi; qaTqaTa merZeve doxabori qalebi da pirze Sav TavsafarSemokruli Sindiseli memawvne
dedakacebi; saxeSemuruli kojreli menaxSireebi; gudastvirze SairmTqmeli raWvelebi da sazandarsa
Tu Wianurze baiaTebis momRerlebi; Savnabdiani mefandureni da tandakunTuli muSaiTebi; euli siluetebi wyneTeli da tabaxmeleli
Savtuxa biWebisa - gazafxulis
macne lurji iebisa da yoCivardebis pawia konebiT xelSi...
erTi sityviT, - mezmaneboda TbilisSi ase ucnaurad Tavmoyrili
Wreli da mozimzime mTeli mileTi. da TiTqos welTa usasrulo
SoreTidan yurT Camesmoda didi
aSuRis aRfrTovanebuli SeZaxili:
- `ra indoeTs, ra frangoeTs,
geni msgavsi sad iqneba.~
SemiZlia gana madlieri ar viyo
buxareli Teatralebisa da Cveni
RviZli - uCumari da ridiani, marTla Tbilisuri jigris xelovani kacis, soso jinjixaSvilisa, am
zmanebaTa gamowvevisaTvis, im grZnobis gamZafrebisaTvis, rac `erTxel
cxovlad suls dasCnevia~, imis
monatrebisaTvis, rac odesRac yofila Tbilis-qalaqi. an rogorc misi
trfiali da mexotbe, mgosani soso griSaSvili ityoda:
`es poeziis Zveli akvani,
es dardimanduli bohema,
es saqarTvelos
mTrTolvare guli, es...~
dasabami da dasasruli misdami
Cveni saerTo siyvarulisa.
6
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
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8
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
`mamulis~ apolitikuroba gvavalebs Riad ganvacxadoT, rom
mxolod da mxolod qarTvel mkiTxvelTa interesis gamo
vbeWdavT biZina ivaniSvilis am interviuebs `forbisadmi~
ianvris erT mSvenier, mzian dilas `fordis~ markis jipma WorvilaSi Camiyvana - es saqarTvelos
centridan moSorebuli mTiani sofelia, sadac biZina ivaniSvili daibada. im dros, rodesac irgvliv
sayovelTao siRatake da talaxia,
Worvilis sufTa quCebSi swor
rigadaa Camwkrivebuli sufTad Selesili orsarTuliani saxlebi,
kaSkaSa wiTeli saxuravebiT. aq
macxovreblebs, gansakuTrebiT ki
avadmyofebs, invalidebs, oblebsa da
mravalSvilian ojaxebs yovelTviurad uxvi fuladi daxmareba eZlevaT. maT aqvT ufaso samedicino
momsaxureba, ufaso sayofacxovrebo
teqnika, 17 000 iRbliani adamiani
Tavisufalia gazis gadasaxadisgan.
am yvelafris xarjs - saxlebis
mSeneblobas, fulad daxmarebas, samedicino momsaxurebas, televizorebs,
gazqurebs, 40 aRdgenil skolas
da ganaxlebul saavadmyofos - ivaniSvili faravs. is am raionSi yvelaze msxvili damsaqmebelia. Cemi
mZRolic ivaniSvilTan muSaobs.
yvelafers, rasac ki CavuareT, im
qalis saxlis CaTvliT, romelSic
ivaniSvilis meuRle manikiurs ikeTebs, rogorc Cvenma erT-erTma gidma
amayad gviTxra‚û`biZinam aaSena~.
Worvilas SuagulSi dgas ivaniSvilis Zvel sacxovrebel adgilas aSenebuli Tanamedrove sasaxle,
romelic kldeSia SeWrili, misi
masiuri fanjrebi ki raWis mTebs
gadahyurebs. 56 wlis ivaniSvilma
Worvila TiTqos alpur feodalur mamulad aqcia qveynis centrSi. TiTqmis yvela, visac ki Sevxvdi,
maisurSi iyo gamowyobili, romelzec ivaniSvilis axali politikuri partiis - `qarTuli ocnebis~
simbolo, Svidqimiani varskvlavia
gamosaxuli. ivaniSvilis $6 miliardi saqarTvelos mSp-s naxevaria,
man filanTropiuli patronaJis
sistema Seqmna. ivaniSvilma daafinansa Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis rekonstruqcia da ganaaxla didi Teatrebi. mis saxels
ukavSirdeba erovnuli parkebi, saTxilamuro kurortebi da samedicino klinikebi. misi gadawyvetileba, gaxdes premier-ministri, nebismier moqmed prezidents SeaSinebda,
rom araferi vTqvaT, araprognozirebad, eWvian, Zalauflebas daxarbebul mixeil saakaSvilze.
xuTi Tvis win ivaniSvilma ganacxada, rom `qarTuli ocnebis~
Camoyalibebas gegmavs, saidanac SearCevs kandidatebs Semodgomaze dagegmil saparlamento arCevnebSi monawileobis misaRebad. Tavis Ria werilSi man dasavleTis nebiera saakaSvili imaSi daadanaSaula, rom
2003 wels mSvidobiani `vardebis
revoluciis~ Semdeg xelisuflebaSi mosvlisa da rvawliani mmarTvelobis periodSi, man politikuri
Zalauflebis `totaluri monopolizeba~ moaxdina. ivaniSvili adre
saakaSvilis erT-erTi umsxvilesi
politikuri da finansuri mxardamWeri iyo. sami wlis win qveynis
orma yvelaze gavlenianma adamianma urTierToba gawyvita. ivaniSvili
ambobs, rom mas da mis xalxs mTavroba dRemde devnis. politikaSi
mosvlis da sajaro moqalaqed gadaqcevis gadawyvetileba misi mxridan, SesaZloa, sakuTari Tavdacvis
saSualebac iyo, magram ivaniSvilis
pretenzia saakaSvilis mimarT ufro fundamenturi xasiaTisaa da
mas aSkarad qarTuli elferi dahkravs. `man ar icis, ra aris siyvaruli~, - ambobs is mTeli seriozulobiT. `rogor SeiZleba aseTi
adamiani qveyanas marTavdes?~
ivaniSvilis gancxadebam Tbiliss Soki mohgvara. qarTvelebma
TavianTi imedi maSinve imas daukavSires, rom misi mmarTvelobis
pirobebSi qveyana ufro Tavisufali da uzrunveli gaxdeboda. qveynis mosaxleobis naxevari siRatakis zRvars miRmaa da umuSevrobis
maCvenebeli 16%s aRwevs. `bolo
ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi arsebobs imis gancda, rom ukan-ukan
mivdivarT. fondebi ileva; ekonomikis aRdgenisTvis sakmarisi Zalisxmeva ar ixarjeba~, - ambobs amerikis savaWro palatis adgilobrivi
ofisis xelmZRvaneli esben emborgi.
vidre sakuTar gadawyvetilebas
sajarod ganacxadebda, saqarTveloSi is sul ramdenime adamians hyavda
nanaxi. arsebobda masTan Cawerili
ramdenime interviu da foto. ambobdnen, rom albinosi Svilebi hyavs,
yvelgan vertmfreniT gadaadgildeba, didi xnis unaxav Tanaklaselebs
saxlis karTan axali avtomanqanis
gasaRebs utovebs. qalaqis inteligenciis umravlesobas da, SesaZloa,
TviT policiasac ki, uxdida xelfass. aseve ambobdnen, rom fuli
ruseTSi iSova, sacxovrebladac
iq gadavida, boris ivanovi dairqva
da TurqebisTvis baliSispirebis
miyidviT iyo dakavebuli, Tu kompiuterebis? Tu oqros sabadoebis
biznesSi iyo? hqonda uzarmazari
saxli, Tu biznescentri? romelic
ferdobidan Tbiliss gadmohyurebs,
magram ra xdeboda am SenobaSi?
saakaSvilma mas erTxel `grafi
monte kristo~ uwoda. imis gamo,
rom wlebis ganmavlobaSi yuradRebas gaurboda, aRmoCnda, rom politikuri debiutisTvis cudad iyo
momzadebuli.
sami dRis Semdeg, rac ivaniSvil-
gamocema `forbsis~ specialuri nomeri planetis umdidresi adamianebis reitingSi,
sxva miliarderebTan erTad, biZina ivaniSvilis Sesaxeb statias aqveynebs saTauriT: `biZinaze didi aravinaa~.
2012 wlis martisTvis mis
qonebas Jurnali 6,4 miliard
dolarad afasebs. `forbsi~
ivaniSvilis qonebis mimoxilvasTan erTad, misi politikuri miswrafebebisa da SesaZlo
perspeqtivebis Sesaxebac wers.
statiis avtori julia iofi
Txrobas sofel WorvilaSi
stumrobis aRweriT iwyebs.
ma Tavisi `qarTuli ocnebis~ Sesaxeb ganacxada, mas da mis meuRles
moqalaqeoba CamoarTves (saakaSvilis warmomadgenelma ivaniSvilis
Sesaxeb yvelanair komentarze uari
Tqva). sam kviraSi ivaniSvilis bankSi mTavrobam reidi moawyo. saakaSvilsa da mis mokavSireebs ivaniSvilis, rogorc kremlis proeqtis,
diskreditaciis sakmaod susti
mcdelobac hqondaT. am braldebebis damadasturebeli aranairi mtkicebuleba ar arsebobs, Tumca interesTa ramenairi konfliqtis gamosaricxad, miliarderma ganacxada,
rom gayidis Tavis aqtivebs ruseTis sabanko, samSeneblo da agrarul
biznesSi. misi qonebis didi nawili dRes xelovnebaSi, oqrosa da
rusul-amerikul fasian qaRaldebSia dabandebuli. is ambobs, rom
ruseTSi aTi welia ar yofila da
axlaxans uari Tqva ruseTis moqalaqeobaze. `rodesac putini xelisuflebaSi movida, me bargis Calageba daviwye~, miTxra man da ucbad
Secba. Secba, radgan es reportiors
uTxra. Tu ivaniSvili premier-ministri gaxdeba, rogorc TviTonve
Tqva, momiwevs putinTan muSaobao.
dRes misi dReebi gamarjvebis perspeqtiviTaa savse. `garantias gaZlevT (aravisTvis aseTi garantiebi aqamde ar mimicia), rom erT weliwadSi aq namdvil demokratias
da damoukidebel sasamarTlos avaSeneb~, - ambobs is cota gazviadebulad, rogorc es qarTvelebs sCveviaT. me vkiTxe mas, rogor apirebs
aseTi miznis miRwevas aseT mokle
droSi. `Zalian advilad~, - ambobs
igi da avlens meore nacionalur
Tvisebas - sixistes. `unda daiWiro erTi ministri an, maqsimum, ori,
imisTvis, rom anaxo yvelas, rom
patieba ar iqneba. rodesac gamoCndeba, rom zeviT politikuri neba
arsebobs, yvelaferi Tavis adgilze
dadgeba. Cven ori-sami weli gvWirdeba evropuli ti pis sistemis
SeqmnisaTvis~ da iqve dasZens, `Tumca,
ekonomikis Senebas ufro didi dro
dasWirdeba~.
ivaniSvils erTxel sadilze Sevxvdi, araoficialurad, Semdeg oTxsaaTiani intervius dros; mesamed
mis meuRlesTan, ekaterinesTan Caize
dampatiJes, sadac Tavadac iyo da
maTi umcrosi vaJi cotnec, romelic marTlac albinosia. `Cemi ori
vaJi albinosia~, - amayad miTxra
ivaniSvilma. `es marTlac iSviaTobaa, me ki oTxi Svilidan ori aseTi myavs~ (meore vaJi bera reperia).
ekaterinesTan Caize stumrobis
dros, ivaniSvilma gaigo, rom maTTan
saxlSi viyavi, SemogvierTda da
gadawyvita gaeziarebina Tavisi azri
imaze, Tu rogor xedavda sakuTar
portrets. `me Zalian warmatebuli viyavi biznesSi~, - ambobs igi.
ivaniSvili 56 wlisaa, is tanmorCili da mxnea, mSvidi da keTili
saxiT. drois did nawils Tavis
ferdobze wamoWimul sasaxleSi
atarebs, romelic Sin takamacus
proeqtiT aSenda da Tbiliss zevidan gadmohyurebs. kompleqsis teritoria 108,000 kvadratuli futia
da minis cilindrebisa da liTonis konstruqciis nazavia. aq saxlicaa da biznescentric da maTi erTmaneTisgan garCeva Znelia. mis ofisSi wiTeli tyavis skamebi, minis
sakonferencio magida da ZviradRirebuli xelovnebis nimuSebia. 40milioniani egon Silis namuSevari misi magidis Tavze kidia, iqvea
lusien freidisa da mones namuSevrebi. `es Cemi sayvareli naxatia~,
- ambobs igi, da de kuningis veeba,
wiTelwreebian tiloze mimaniSnebs.
yvela aslia. politikuri kampaniis
dawyebisas, man originalebi londonSi gadaitana. `ase ufro usafrTxoa. saqarTveloSi xelovnebis
nimuSTa dacva Zviri jdeba, Tanac
Cveni mTavroba araprognozirebadia~.
ivaniSvili 1956 wlis TebervalSi WorvilaSi daibada, maRaroelisa
da diasaxlisis ojaxSi da yvelaze
umcrosia xuT Svils Soris. sofeli Zalian Raribi iyo. `xandaxan
SegveZlo fexsacmlis yidva, Tumca
yovelTvis ar gvwyalobda bedi~, ambobs ivaniSvili. `eleqtroenergia maSin CagvirTes, rodesac 7
Tu 8 wlis viyavi, radio - 14-15
wlis, televizia - mxolod amis
Semdeg. drois umetes nawils gareT vatarebdiT, magram Zalian bevrs
vSromobdiT. yvelas unda eSroma~.
13 wlis iyo, rodesac samSeneblo
brigadebs ayalibebda da Tan bejiTad swavlobda. saRamos skolis
safasurs imiT ixdida, rom foladgadamamuSavebel qarxanaSi liTonis
narCenebs gvida. qarxanaSi swrafad
miiwevda win da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis ganyofilebis gamged daawinaures. Tumca Tanamdebobaze uari Tqva, radgan misi kolegebi fuls
imiT akeTebdnen, rom liTonis aralegalur saamqroebs amuSavebdnen.
garda amisa, misi qarxana platinisa da almasis kontrabandis centrad iqca. `es ambavi maSinebda. Tu
win waiwevdi, faqtobrivad, kvazikriminali xdebodi, es ki namdvilad
ar mindoda~. amitom 1984 wels
igi moskovSi wavida, rusuli iswavla da ekonomikis doqtoris xarisxi miiRo. moskovSi iseT biWebTan
megobrobda, romlebic, misi TqmiT,
karg wignebs akiTxebdnen. amis saSualeba WorvilaSi ar miecemoda.
erT-erTi iyo vitali malkini, ymawvili, romelic Semdeg ivaniSvilis
biznespartniori gaxda. malkini da
ivaniSvili kidev or Tanakursels
dauaxlovdnen, am dros ki gorbaCovma komerciis kanonebis liberalizacia daiwyo da maTac kompiuterebiTa da Rilakiani telefonebiT vaWrobis biznesi wamoiwyes.
daaxloebiT 1990 wlisTvis maT
ukve 100.000 dolari hqondaT. es
im droisTvis kolosaluri Tanxa
iyo, `sakmarisi saimisod, rom 4
banki gagexsna~, - ambobs igi.
ivaniSvilma da malkinma partniorebis wili gamoisyides da daafuZnes banki, romelsac `rosiiski
krediti~ daarqves. es iyo pirveli daregistrirebuli banki ruseTSi, male ki erTerT yvelaze did
bankad iqca. Seqmnidan eqvs weliwadSi aqtivebis moculobiT is
meSvide iyo ruseTSi. ivaniSvili
bankis warmatebas sacalo seqtorSi
Tavisi siZlieriT xsnis. magram,
garda amisa, `rosiiski kredits~
Zalian mniSvnelovani depozitorebi hyavda: is iqca mTeli rigi
saxelmwifo organizaciebis bankad,
maT Soris iyvnen sagadasaxado da
sabaJo dawesebulebebi.
rodesac qarxnebisa da sabadoebis privatizacia daiwyo, ivaniSvilis banki, Tavisi depozitorebis
fulis gamoyenebiT, Seudga dabal
fasebSi maT Sesyidvas, rac ivaniSvilis aRiarebiT, SesaZloa bolomde
nebadarTuli arc iyo. man yuradReba ZiriTadad liTonebsa da Zvirfas liTonebze gadaitana, saqmeze,
romelic jer kidev TbilisSi, qarxanaSi muSaobis periodidan icoda.
`rosiiski kreditma~ am qonebiT
bevri fuli gaakeTa: ivaniSvilma
stolinskis samTo-gadamamuSavebeli
qarxnis wilebi 1991 wels $150.
000-ad iyida da 15 wlis Semdeg
es aqciebi $500 milionad gayida.
am vertikalurad integrirebulma
investiciebma `rosiiski kredits~
damoukidebloba SeunarCuna. ivaniSvili amtkicebs, rom mas sufTa
warsuli aqvs. `vinc mabralebs, rom
kanons varRvevdi, unda daamtkicos
es~, - ambobs ivaniSvili.
`rosiiski kreditma~ 1998 wels
didi dartyma miiRo, rodesac saxelmwifoSi defolti daiwyo da
fuli gaufasurda. maSin ruseTis
ekonomika Camoiqca. magram ivaniSvilis piradma aqtivebma oqrosa da
liTonebSi fasi SeinarCuna (gasul
wels man sabolood moiSora Tavidan oqro da daaxloebiT 31 tona
mTlianad gayida. gadasaxadebis gadaxdis Semdeg sufTad $1.7 miliardi darCa).
ivaniSvilma ruseTi 2002 wels
datova da Tavis ojaxTan erTad
safrangeTSi gadasaxlda, magram
iqac mousvenrad grZnobda Tavs.
agrovebda xelovnebis nimuSebs, bevri ram axla im koleqciis nawilia, romelic, sul cota, $1 miliardi Rirs. mere TbilisSi saxli
aiSena da 2003 wels, zustad saa-
kaSvilis vardebis revoluciisaTvis, saqarTveloSi dabrunda.
am mSvidobianma gadasvlam daasrula mravali wlis ekonomikuri
uZraoba, samoqalaqo omi da korufcia. axal liders qarizma hqonda,
Tavisufal bazars uWerda mxars
da ucxouri investiciebis talRac
moizida. `bednieri viyavi, rodesac
saakaSvili movida xelisuflebaSi~,
- ambobs ivaniSvili, `saocnebo mTavrobad mimaCnda~. garkveuli drois
ganmavlobaSi miliarderi gauxmaureblad exmareboda saakaSvilis
mTavrobas. $100 milioni gaiRo
policiis axali manqanebis sayidlad, jarisTvis axali yazarmebis
asaSeneblad da im qarTveli jariskacebis Sesamosad, romlebic manamde jinsebiTa da `SlopancebiT~
daseirnobdnen. rogorc ambobs, mTavrobas ministrebis xelfasis gazrdis dafinansebac ki SesTavaza, raTa
korufcia aRar yofiliyo mimzidveli. magram ivaniSvili sul ufro
gawbilebuli rCeboda saxelmwifo
xarjebis miTvisebisa da ruseTTan
damRupveli dapirispirebis gamo.
saakaSvili biznesmenebis moTminebas
scdida, radgan maT xSirad sTxovda
mTavrobis iniciativebis an iseTi
raRacebis dafinansebas, rogoric
iyo, magaliTad, saaxalwlo koncertebi. `Cven yvelani prognozirebad
garemos viTxovT. gvinda, dagegmvis
saSualeba rom gvqondes~, - gviTxra
erTma dasavlelma biznesmenma, romelmac sakuTari saxelis gamJRavneba ar isurva, rogorc gviTxra,
aq kidev maqvs biznesio.
ivaniSvilma saakaSvilis sistemisadmi ndoba 2008 wlis Semdeg
dakarga, rodesac saakaSvilma arCevnebSi gamarjvebisTvis saeWvo taqtikas mimarTa. `me davureke da mkacrad
vuTxari, rom aRarasdros gavcemdi
xmas~, - ambobs ivaniSvili. rogorc
miliarderi ambobs, ai, aqedan daiwyo
misi devna. `dro da dro Tavs amJRavnebdnen, blokavdnen garigebebs,
kbilebi gamoaCines. isini meubnebodnen, Camoyalibdi - CvenTan xar Tu
Cven winaaRmdeg? me viyavi bolo
Tavisufali adamiani da es did
uxerxulobas uqmnida maT~. mas
detalebi ar dauzustebia, Tumca
ekaterine miyveboda, rom ramdenime
naTesavi daupatimres da uTxres,
gamosasyidisTvis ivaniSvilTan darekeTo. ivaniSvili safrangeTSi
gadasaxlebas gegmavda. zewola metismetad mZime gaxda. Tumca ojaxs
wasvla ar undoda. am fiqriT natanjma, gasafrenad gamzadebuli TviTmfrinavi orjer SeaCera. bolos
ki saakaSvilTan brZola gadawyvita.
misi kampania xuTi Tvis win daiwyo, ivaniSvils jer kidev ara
aqvs detaluri platforma. ivaniSvili ambobs, rom saqarTvelos natosa da evrokavSirSi gawevrianeba unda da amave dros ruseTTan
urTierTobis gamosworeba surs.
am ori miznis SeTavseba Zalian
rTulia. milionobiT adamians saqarTveloSi ivaniSvili qvelmoqmedebis gamo uyvars. misi moqalaqeobis gauqmebidan maleve, saqarTvelos
centralurma bankma mis winaaRmdeg
fulis gaTeTrebis braldebiT gamoZieba daiwyo da ivaniSvilis bankis
2 milioni dolarisa da 1 milioni evros konfiskacia moaxdina.
aTasobiT qarTveli Segrovda mis
bankTan da, mxardaWeris niSnad, iq
angariSebi gaxsna. banks fuli daubrunes. `yvelaferi, rasac adamiani
akeTebs, TavisTvis akeTebs~, - miTxra
ivaniSvilma sakuTar ofisSi. `modi,
nu movityuebT Tavs. es Cemi samSobloa. aq kargad var, ufro komfortulad. aq myavs megobrebi, mSoblebi,
naTesavebi. ase rom, gamodis, rom am
yvelafers isev CemTvis vakeTeb.
politikaSi yofna kargi Tavdacvaa~.
- amerikulma Fforbsma Tqveni
qoneba $6,4 miliardad Seafasa.
ramdenad sworia es Sefaseba?
- vfiqrob, realobasTan miaxloebulia. qonebis Sefasebisas
yovelTvis aris cdomilebis Sansi, miT ufro, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, ra xdeba safondo bazarze
da rogor meryeobs suraTi. Tan,
gaaCnia, rogori princi piT Seafaseb: Tu dResve ginda qonebis
Tundac nawilis realizeba, misi
fasi albaT naklebia; Tu erTi
wlis Semdeg, roca krizisis Semdgomi zrda iqneba SesamCnevi, cota ufro metia fasi. mokled,
amerikuli forbis Sefaseba metnaklebad koreqtulia da ar Sevedavebodi.
- saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis
mixedviT, sajaro moxele Tu gaxdebiT, qonebrivi da finansuri
deklaracia unda SeavsoT. ase
rom iyos, bevr siurprizs aRmovaCendiT Tqvens deklaraciaSi?
- arc erTi siurprizi ar iqneba, mTeli qoneba gamWvirvale
mqonda da maqvs. SemTxveviT ar
vakeTeb audits qvelmoqmedebazec
ki. am mxriv aranairi dafaruli
pozicia ar mqonia, yvela banks,
visTanac vTanamSromlob, yovelTvis vugzavni auditis anaricxebs da Cems mier gaweuli xarjebis Sesaxeb informacias.
- roca ukve miliarderi xar,
gzis dasawyisi SeiZleba arc
gaxsovdes. Tumca, iqneb mainc gaixsenoT, Tavidan ratom gagiCndaT
biznesis warmoebis idea, ra iyo
stimulis mimcemi?
- elementarulad, rogorc yvela arafris mqone adamiani, mec
vfiqrobdi, rame SemeZina, fexze
davmdgariyavi, gavZlierebuliyavi.
ra sastarto pirobebi mqonda?
ar gamaCnda bina, erTi saerTo
sacxovrebilidan meoreSi gadavdiodi, soflidan 50 maneTiT Camovedi da, mgoni, Cemma mSoblebma
es Tanxac mzoblebSi isesxes.
15 maneTs vixdidi binis qirad,
svaneTis ubanSi vcxovrobdi da
tramvais gaCerebidan naqiraveb
saxlamde kidev 15 wuTi fexiT
siaruli miwevda. marto qarxanamde (kamos saxelobis meqanikurCamomsxmel qarxanaSi vmuSaobdi)
misasvlelad gzaSi vxarjavdi
bevr dros da energias. qarxanaSi vmuSaobdi da universitetSi
saRamos fakultetze vswavlobdi. dRis daswrebulze swavlaze
verc viocnebebdi, radgan araferi gamaCnda da dRisiT qarxanaSi viyavi.
Tumca, 1980-Si, roca universiteti davamTavre, kaTedraze
darCena SemeZlo, magram ar movindome. is dro, mogexxenebaT, rogori iyo: diplomi aRarafers gansazRvravda, arc wambiZgebeli myavda vinme. ase rom, me TviTon rame
iseTi unda gamekeTebina, rac cxovrebaSi damexmareboda.
1982-Si moskovSi aspiranturaSi Cavabare, disertaciac davicavi. Tumca, roca amis Semdeg
TbilisSi davbrundi, saerTo sacxovrebelSic ki aRar damabrunes,
Turme, aRar SeiZleboda. ase rom,
ukiduresad gaWirvebul dReSi
viyavi.
am dros „perestroika“ iwyeboda. velodi Cems dros. vicodi sabWoTa kavSiris makroekonomikuri mdgomareoba, qveyana gakotrebis pirze iyo da daSlis
procesi gardauvali iyo.
am dros msoflio srulad
axlebur sistemaze iwyebda gadasvlas: sworad gavTvale, rom kompiuteruli teqnologiebis gamoyenebaze uars veravin ityoda, Tan
inflaciac gardauvali iyo, rac
damatebiT momgebian efeqts qmnida
da am procesSi CaverTe. swored
amiT daviwye, mere ki eleqtroteqnikiT gavagrZele.
biznesi ar damiwyia im fiqriT,
rom unda gavmdidrebuliyavi. 33
wlis viyavi, ar mqonda bina, ar
gamaCnda araferi, ar viyavi daojaxebuli, institutSi viyavi
ufrosi mecnier-TanamSromeli da
elementarulad cxovrebis mowyoba mindoda. pirveli martivi
warmoebac am mizniT daviwye.
- kerZod?
- armirebuli Slangebis gamoSveba davapire. saqarTveloSi
daviwye warmoebis gamarTva, TviTonve vCarxavdi mowyobilobisTvis saWiro detalebs, rom ufro
iafi damjariyo. magram warmoebis awyobas didi dro undoda.
swored am dros daiwyo gamalebuli kompiuterizacia da kompiuterebze moTxovna gaCnda. tradiciulad vmegobrobdi qarTvel
ebraelebTan, romelTa daxmarebiTac avawye es biznesi. problema
kompiuterebis Sovna iyo, Torem
samecniero institutebi xSirad
uyoymanod giricxavdnen fuls.
visargeble Cemi axlo nacnobobiT da gavakeTe am saqmis kargi
organizeba. me Camovutane pirveli kompiuterebi saqarTvelos
mecnierebaTa akademias. raki vivaldebule es saqme, ar mindoda,
Tavi Semercxvina da lamis CemTvis sargeblis gareSe Camovutane kompiuterebi. Zalovani uwyebe-
bis „ineteressac“ prvelad maSin
Sevejaxe.
- ras gulisxmobT?
- marto is faqti, rom kompiuterebis safasuri Camiricxes da
didi fuli gamoCnda Cems angariSze,
sakmarisi aRmoCnda, rom misTvis
yadaRa daedoT. saqarTvelos imdroindel generalur prokuroramde mivediT rkveva-rkveviT, ratom
dagviyadaRes angariSi. pasuxad is
miviTeT, rom ukve wlebis ganmavlobaSi arsebobda kooperativebi, magram amxela Tanxa arc erTis angariSze ar yofila da unda gaerkviaT, ra xdeboda.
daaxloebiT erTi Tve velodi
am sakiTxis garkvevas da mivxvdi,
rom aq saqme ar gamovidoda. is
fuli, mgoni, arc amiRia. roca angariSi ganblokes, ukve sakmaod mdidaric viyavi da im fulsac Rirebuleba dakarguli hqonda.
Tumca, xom iciT, zogi Wiri margebeliao. am istoriis mere wavedi ruseTSi. saqarTveloSi rom
davrCeniliyavi, albaT, biznesis warmoebis amxela masStabebze ver gavidodi.
- „ar minda, rame iseTi gavakeTo,
rac piradi Tavisufleba SemizRudavs“, - es fraza Tqveni gancxadebidan aris. axerxebT am principis dacvas?
- piradi Tavisuflebis SenarCunebas yovelTvis vaxerxebdi. niWieri adamianis Cemeul formulaSic
asea: niWierma adamianma unda moaxerxos, rom Tavisi qmedebiT sicocxle da Tavisufleba ar daayenos eWvqveS, sacixod ar gaixados
saqme, kanoni ar daarRvios da a.S.
mgoni, vaxerxebdi amas arcTu uniWod. Tu ar CavTvli bolo svlas
(politikaSi mosvlas), roca arCevanis gareSe davrCi da iZulebuli gavxdi, gadamedga es nabiji.
Tumca, dRes bednieri var, rom gadavdgi es nabiji da ar davrCi Tavisuflebis lokaluri da Zalian
subieqturi aRqmis sibrtyeze. globalurad Tu ginda, Tavisufali
iyo, Seni qveyanac Tavisufali unda
iyos. Tavisuflad srulfasovnad
marto Sens qveyanaSi grZnob Tavs,
SennairebTan erTad. Tu es gaklia,
sadac ar unda waxvide, verc Tavisufali iqnebi da verc bednieri.
- Tqveni biznesi ruseTSi im
dros ayvavda, romelzec zogadad
aseTi kliSe arsebobs: kriminalis,
Zlieri mfarvelebis da sisxliani dapirispirebebis gareSe didi
fulis Sovna SeuZlebeli iyo...
- me maqvs Cemi piradi istoria,
rogor vqmnidi bizness. albaT, gaxsovT e.w. ñåìèáàíêèðùèíà - ruseTis msxvili biznesis araoficialuri erToba, romelSic Cemi dafuZnebuli banki Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-ic iTvleboda. sul mqonda
ocnebad, wlebis mere davmsxdariyaviT imdroindeli msxvili biznesmenebi da gagvexsenebina, vin ras
akeTebda. maTgan yvelasTan vmegobrdi da konfliqtSi aravisTan Sevsulvar, roca danarCenebi erTmaneTs araerTxel daupirispirdnen
da Tan Zalian daundobladac.
ase rom, Cemi pasuxi Cems konkretul qmedebebSi devs. sam patara
istorias getyviT: roca sainvesticio auqcionze mixailovskis samTogamamdidrebeli kombinatis 20%
SeviZine da cota xanSi sainvesticio programis gaTvlebSi Secdomebi aRmovaCine, programa TviTneburad ar Sevcvale da es paketi saxelmwifos davubrune. garwmunebT,
es magaliTi uprecedentoa ruseTis privatizaciis istoriaSi.
roca 1998 wlis defolti gamocxadda, Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-s
arc erT valdebulebaze uari ar
uTqvams (rac yvela sxva bankma
gaakeTa) da yvela bolomde gavistumreT. dabolos, umsxvilesi tiumenis sanavTobo kompaniis yidvis
istorias gavixseneb, sadac partniorebad me da viqtor veqselbergi
(amJamad forbis siis #64, qoneba
- 12,4 miliardi) gamovdiodoT.
magram rogorc ki am privatizebis
kanoniereba daayenes eWvqveS, maSinve
gamoveTiSe process. ratom, ar SemeZlo Tvali damexuWa? veqselbergi
dResac am aqtivis mepatronea da
mec viqnebodi, magram Cems princips
ewinaaRmdegeboda am auqcionSi monawileoba: Tu procesis kanoniereba
iotisodena eWvs mainc iwvevs, iq
araferi mesaqmeba.
- mokled, unda davijeroT, rom
mTeli Tqveni qoneba yvelaze areul
dros steriluri, kanonieri sqemebiTa ris dagrovili?
- garwmunebT, ukanonos veravin
verafers gamixsenebs. aqamdec bevrjer ecadnen, magram ukanono verasodes veraferi naxes. araTu kanoni
ar damirRvevia, imasac veravin gaixsnebs, rom vinmes sityva gavutexe.
biznesSi araferi imaleba: vin visTan
iyo, vin „SavebTan“ megobrobda, vis
vin „kriSavda“ - yvelaferi iSifreba. aba, vinmem daasaxelos Cemi aseTi
saeWvo kavSirebi. ver daasaxeleben
- ar arsebobs da imitom.
ar var gansakuTrebuli, magram
meyo niWi da goniereba, rom arasodes safrTxis qveS ar dameyenebina
Cemi sicocxle da kriminalebTan
ar memuSava. bevri Seewira. bevric
cixeSi aRmoCnda. me es avicile.
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
9
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
did fulTan damokidebulebac
specifikuri maqvs. SeiZleba, xSirad
„irTvebodes“ sportuli Jini, rom
meti iSovo, magram kanonis darRvevis safasurad an lobirebiT ar
amiRia araferi.
- saeWvo magaliTad ruseTis
Zvirfasi liTonebis saxelmwifo
kompaniasTan (ÐîñÄðàãÌåò) Tqvens
kavSirs asaxeleben...
- am kompaniasTan mxolod wminda
saqmiani Sexeba mqonda. oqros biznesSi uSualod vmonawileobdi.
mqonda oqros karierebi nayidi, afinaJis qarxana avaSene magadanSi da
sakmao warmatebiTac vamuSavebdi.
Tumca, unda giTxraT, rom oqro
Zalian rTuli biznesia. me viyavi
am biznesSi da, gamogitydebiT, wagebiT wamovedi iqidan.
am seqtorSi Cveulebrivi investicia mqonda dabandebuli da droTa ganmavlobaSi am biznesidan gamovedi, radgan sakmaod kriminalizebuli da uprognozo iyo. mas mere,
rac am bizness gamoveTiSe, cxrajer
Semamowmes. rogor ggoniaT, darReva
rom mqonoda, es daimaleboda?
dausabuTebeli braldebebi ar
mikvirs. erT xans im Teoriasac
aviTarebdnen, rom kriminalur avtoritet oTar kvantriSvils hqonia
damsaxureba Cems warmatebebSi.
- tyuilia?
- arc ki vicnobdi am adamians.
ise mokvda, xelic ar mqonda CamorTmeuli, nanaxic ar myavda. esec
ar iyos, mtkicebas, rom Cems warmatebaSi wvlili mas miuZRoda, erTi
magaliTi mainc xom unda adasturebdes? ar arsebobs aseTi magaliTi.
- kvantriSvilisgan gansxvavebiT,
cnobilia Tqveni urTierTobis istoria vladimir ruSailosTan, romelic ruseTSi organizebul danaSaulTan brZolas kurirebda, mogvianebiT ki Sinagan saqmeTa ministri
gaxda.
- CemTvis saamayoa, rom araTu
ar viyavi arasodes kriminalTan,
arc vuxdidi mas. sircxvilad mimaCnda, rom saqmes me vakeTeb da
fuli Turme sxvas unda vuxado,
kacma ar icis, raSi.
raRac etapamde sxvadasxva gzebiT vaxerxebdi kriminaluri samyaros gacurebas. ruSailosTan pirvelad maSin mivedi, roca saqarTveloSi Cemi Zma moitaces. gamosasyidze midioda laparaki da maSin
miTxres, rom ruSailo damexmareboda, Tumca didad veraferSi damexmara. roca biznesebze kriminalis
dawola gaZlierda, me viyavi Sexvedris iniciatori, mivedi masTan
da SevTavaze, rom gadavuxdidiT
fuls da Cveni biznesi daecvaT.
Tavidan xelebi gaasavsava, es qrTamiao da uars acxadebda, magram
davamSvide, rom araferi msgavsi
ar iqneboda, yvelaferi oficialurad gakeTdeboda.
ori Sexvedris mere davarwmune
Cemi azris logikurobaSi, gavakeTeT
proeqti da Sevedi Sinagan saqmeTa
ministr viqtor erinTan, romelmac
moawera xeli da Seiqmna msxvili
biznesis dacvis specialuri ganyofileba. erTi kviris Semdeg yvela
msxvili biznesmeni mlocavda, imdenad Sveba iyo maTTvis am samsaxuris Seqmna. vfiqrob, karga nabiji iyo, rac gavakeTe. marTalia,
bankis dacvis samsaxurSi aTasze
meti TanamSromeli myavda, magram
es ar iyo sakmarisi: Tu vinme kriminaluri avtoriteti miadgeboda,
dacva iyo ususuri. oficialuri
saxelmwifo organo aseT viTarebaSi
gacilebiT unariani iyo.
- sul xazs usvamT, rom privatizebis procesSi ar interesdebodiT iseTi qonebiT, romlis dasauflebladac konfliqtebi iyo mosalodneli. aba, ra gziT daagroveT aseTi mimzidveli aqtivebi?
- Tu vinmes hqonda nebismieri
aqtivis SeZenis saSualeba, erTerTi upirvelesi viyavi, ramdenadac
avage universaluri didi banki
da mqonda saSualo da wvrili
klientebis fulze dafuZnebuli
pasivebi, rac ufro sando da saimedo resursia. Tan, mudmivad biznesis rekapitalizaciasac vaxdendi
da esec Cemi warmatebis erT-erTi
sawindaria. sxvebi ZiriTadad fuls
gareT eqaCebondnen da resursebs
kargavdnen.
mokled, iseTi fuli mqonda, nebismier auqcionSi SemeZlo monawileobis miReba. magram navTobisa
da aluminis aqtivebze nadiroba
Zalian saSiSi iyo da arc gavkarebivar imis miuxedavad, rom uamravi saSualeba mqonda. iq TiTis Seyofa ar SeiZleboda, radgan mTlianad kriminalizebuli iyo da sami
Tavi unda gqonoda, rame rom gecada.
magram iyo sxva aqtivebi, romebic aranakleb faseuli iyo, magram aravin aqcevda yuradRebas.
- magaliTad?
- krasnoairskis aluminis qarxnis (ÊÐÀÇ) istorias mogiyvebiT. am qarxnis garSemo gauTavebeli omi midioda da uamravi xalxi daixoca kidec, SeiZleba yvelaze
metic erTi sawarmos SemTxevaSi.
ÊÐÀÇ-is gverdiT ki (erTi Robe
hyofda) arsebobda krasnoiarskis
metalurgiuli qarxana (ÊÐÀÌÇ).
orive im angariSiT iyo aSenebuli,
rom erTiani sawarmoo jaWvi SeeqmnaT - aluminis qarxanaSi warmoebuli nedleuli metalurgiul
qarxanaSi saboloo produqtebad
unda qceuliyo da ase gayiduliyo. Tumca, roca me krasnoiarskSi
Cavedi, ÊÐÀÇ-is mepatronebs ÊÐÀÌÇ-is saqmianoba saerTod ar ainteresebdaT - mTel nedleuls pirdapir yiddnen sazRvargareT valutaze. Sedegad, metalurgiuli qarxana
ramdenime weli gaCerebuli iyo.
swored misi aqciebis Sesyidva
daviwye - vafasebdi ZiriTad fon-
debs, romlis Rirebulebac 2-3jer aWarbebda ÊÐÀÇ-isas, romlis
garSemoc omebi ar wydeboda. ase,
kapikebSi - 15 Tu 20 milion dolarad viyide ÊÐÀÌÇ-is aqciaTa
20-30%.
mogvianebiT, roca ÊÐÀÇ-is aqciaTa saxelmwifos sakuTrebaSi darCenili 20% unda gayiduliyo,
interesebi da lobisturi omebi
imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom didxans
ver i poves meqanizmi, rogor gaeyidaT. bolos, ÊÐÀÇ-is da ÊÐÀÌÇis qoneba gaaerTianes, msxvili sainvesticio paketi gaakeTes da ise
gaitanes gasayidad. anu im sawarmos,
romlis aqciebsac me gamalebiT
vyidulobdi da ukve 30% vflobdi,
uecrad didi fasi daedo. daviwye
am aqciebis Sesyidvis axali forsi-
ni fulia), „pasivis“ did nawils
vaaqtiurebdiT TviTon.
am wyaroebiT mobilizebul saxsrebiT SeviZine is ZiriTadi qarxnebi (magalitad, mixailovskis da
stoilenskis samTo-gamamdidrebeli kombinatebi), romlebic mogvianebiT sarfianad gaiyida. Tumca,
roca vyidulobdi, es sawarmoebi
„Cawolili“ iyo, aravis undoda.
- Tqven rad gindodaT?
- perspeqtivas vxedavdi. roca
samTo kombinatebi viyide, metalurgiul qarxnebs pirdapir gahqondaT
nedleuli saeqsportod, gamamdidrebeli warmoeba naklebad ainteresebdaT. iyo Warbwarmoeba da metalurgebi fasebs TviTneburad gviwesebdnen.
aseT viTarebaSi viyide es qarxne-
faqtiurad, axal savizito baraTs
iRebda.
CemTvis sargebeli is iyo, rom
aseTi partniori ufro loialuri
xdeboda, angariSi Cems bankSi hqonda,
sesxebi Cemgan mihqonda, umniSvnelo SeRavaTebiT sargeblobda (magaliTad, urigod ixileboda misi
sakiTxi sakredito komitetze).
amis sanacvlod vice-prezidentis
statusis gacema (romelic wminda
sapatio funqcia iyo) Rirda.
- 1989 wels yvelafris dakargvis safrTxe memuqrebodao, ambobT.
ram gadagarCinaT?
- cxadia, mqonda gaTvlebi, rom
bazris dacema usasrulod ver gagrZeldeboda, magram zustad prognozireba, rom fasebi 2-3 weliwadSi
Zvel niSnulze dabrundeboda, ara-
aqtiuri sabanko moTamaSea.
- cxadia, is komerciuli bankia,
Tumca Tu naxavT mis saqmianobas,
darwmundebiT, rom es ar iyo CemTvis biznesis sakeTeblad Seqmnili
banki. „qarTu“ pirveli organizacia iyo, rac aq gavxseni, radgan
aqeT sul vixedebodi da mindoda
qveyanas davxmarebodi. imis kvalobaze, kapitali rogor mezrdeboda,
survilic meti iyo.
mindoda, „qarTu“ sainvesticio
banki yofiliyo da qveyanaSi saqmiani aqtivobis zrdas daxmareboda.
magaliTad, sesxis 25% msesxeblisTvis migveca uprocentod, Segveqmna sxva meqanizmebic, raTa investori ufro dainteresebuliyo da
gacilebiT iolad mieRo gadawyvetileba biznesis dawyebaze. samwu-
6,4 miliardis saidumlo
biznesmeni marTvis modelis, warmatebis da bednierebis Sesaxeb
reba da dReSi zogjer ormagdeboda da sammagdeboda maTi Rirebuleba. mere daiwyo muqara (santropeSic ki momagnes telefoniT),
Tumca, ar SevSindi, fasi ar davagde, kargad gavyide da ise wamovedi. mokled, praqtikulad SemTxveviT movxvdi iq da mogeba vnaxe.
- daSineba rogor xdeboda?
- jer kidev safrangeTSi viyavi,
roca Cemi warmomadgeneli damikavSirda da aseTi istoria miambo:
Cemi kompaniis menejerebi viTom
Cemi davalebiT, motyuebiT Casves
manqanaSi da mogvianebiT sasaflaoze aiyvanes. aCvenes maTi saflavebi,
vinc aluminis qarxnisTvis brZolaSi daiRupa, SesTavazes, aerCiaT,
surdaT Tu ara igive bedis gaziareba da sasaflaoze datoves.
- „Cven vakeTebdiT imas, rasac
sxvebi ar akeTebdnen“, - ase daaxasiaTeT bank Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèòis saqmianoba. ras akeTebdiT amdenad gansxvavebuls?
- Ñáåðáàíê-is Semdeg, praqtikulad, pirveli banki gavxdiT im rekapitalizaciisa da saqmianobis Semdeg, rac gavwieT. rogorc momsaxurebis universalurobis, aseve filialebis raodenobiTac viyaviT
meore. arada, bankis pirveli filiali sabavSvo baRis SenobaSi gvqonda. vfiqrob, swored is modeli
iyo saintereso, ramac sabolood
warmatebuli SedegisTvis migvaRwevina. warmoidgineT viTareba, roca
Zalian rTuli iyo Senobis naxva
filialis mosawyobad, imdeni fuli
ki ar iyo, rom Cven TviTon agveSenebina.
amave dros, es is periodia, roca
ekonomiurad saSinel dReSi iyo
mecnierebaTa akademiis institutebi (xelfasebsac ki ver ixdidnen),
sawarmoebis direqtorebi ki daZabulebi iyvnen, radgan privatizacia
mimdinareobda da ar icodnen, ra
elodaT uaxloes momavalSi. bankSi
ki klientura Wirda.
es samive faqtori erTdroulad
arsebobda da is sqema, romelic
movifiqre (erTi Rame gavaTene masze
fiqrSi), samives gamoyenebas iTvaliswinebda: maSin, roca did qarxnebs axal bankSi mosvla ar undodaT, problema iyo bankis gafarToeba da profesionali kadrebis Sovnac, saswrafod gavxseni koleji
da sabanko saqmis swavleba daviwyeT (me TviTonac vkiTxulobdi
leqciebs sawyis etapze) da davgegmeT bankis swrafi eqspansia. daviwye
klientis mozidva da filialebis
gaxsna. me TviTon davdiodi da
sxva da sxva sawarmos Tu institutis (maT Soris, mecnierebaTa
akademiis sistemis) 100-ze met direqtoris Sevxvdi.
Sedegad, movaxerxe ramdenime kurdRlis erTdroulad daWera. igive
akademikosebi da direqtorebi jer
leqciebis sakiTxavad „gadmovqaCeT“
Cvens kolejSi. paralelurad, maTi
institutebisa da sawarmoebis SenobebSi farTs vqiraobdi, iq vawyobdi filials da maTve vniSnavdi
filialis direqtorad. am modelze umravlesoba daviTanxme.
igive direqtorebi (visac ar
hqonda Sesabamisi codna) dadiodnen Cems kolejSi da wrafad gadiodnen sabanko saqmeSi gadamzadebas.
es yvelaze kargi kontingenti iyo,
TiTqmis mza kadri - administratoris gamocdilebiT plus cota
xanSi sabanko saqmis codniT (marto
eqvsi sakavSiro akademikosi iyo
Cemi bankis sxvadasxva filialis
direqtori).
swored es iyo, rac gakeTda Cems
bankSi da ar gakeTebula sxvagan.
es iyo swori gza, rac male dasasturda: is qarxnebi Tu institutebi TavianTsave SenobebSi ganTavsebul filalebSi xsnidnen angariSebs da Tanxebsac izidavdnen, koleji kadrebis samWedlo iyo, korporatiuli sulic Camoyalibda da
profesionalebis denadobac daiwyo.
Sedegad, me miviRe klientic, kolejic, menejerebic, filialebis
qselic da es modeli nel-nela
ganvaviTare mTels ruseTSi, yvelgan
sadac Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-is filialebi ixsneboda.
es procesi swrafad da warmatebiT warimarTa, bankis eqspansia
uzrunveyofili iyo, amasobaSi privatizaciac xurdeboda da saintereso obieqtebi gamovida gasayidad.
banki myari eqspansiuri poziciiT
Sexvda am dros. kargad ganvviTardiT, saSualo da wvrili klienturis fuli iyo Zalian bevri
(rac yvelaze „kargi“, grZelvadia-
bi. ZiriTadad isev fondebs vafasebdi, uzarmazari qarxnebi iyo, rom
gamodioda saprivatizebo cxrili,
vijeqi ramdenime analitikosTan
erTad da vafasebdi, ra iyo aqtivebi, valdebulebebi, cveTa, narCeni
Rirebuleba. ase, detaluri analizis Sedegad viyide samTo-gamamdidrebeli kombinatebi.
vyidulobdi, radgan im momentSi
aravis ainteresebda, me perspeqtiulad mimaCnda, bankSi pasivebis mdgomareobis gamo ki ukve Tavs uflebas vaZlevdi, grZelvadiani dabandebebi gamekeTebina.
ra Tqma unda, dacemul bazarze
Sesyidva SedarebiT iafi iyo da
amitomac iolad „avkrife“ es aqtivebi. Sedegad, erTi xans Savi metalurgiis nedleulis 60%-mde Cems
xelSi iyrida Tavs.
2-3 weli SevinarCune es pozicia, mere procesebic gaaqtiurda:
metalurgebs kartelismagvari SevuqmeniT nedleulis dammuSaveblebma, movxseniT Warbi warmoeba (magaliTi kolegebs TviTon miveci, roca
warmoeba Sevamcire), Seiqmna realuri deficiti da moTxovna da
viTareba Seicvala - metalurgebi
fasebs veRar gvkarnaxobdnen. amiT
vaiZuleT isini, gadaexadaT produqciaSi is, rac Rirda da nel-nela
gavxadeT rentabeluri es qarxnebi. mere kargadac amitom gaiyida.
- „aqcioneri da topmenejeri
erTdroulad var. ruseTSi sxvagvarad SeuZlebelia“, -es Tqveni sityvebia. saqarTveloSi ki yvela biznesSi uflebamosileba delegirebuli gqondaT. ratom? aseTi gansxvavebuli biznes-modelebia am or
qveyanaSi?
- saqarTveloSi biznesi, praqtikulad, ar mqonia. Tu ar CavTvliT
bank „qarTus“, romelic qveynis dasaxmareblad gavxseni da sainvesticio bankad iyo Cafiqrebuli. ruseTSi ki mesakuTre da menejeri
axla aris dayofili, Tumca, dasawyisSi, vinc msxvili biznesi gaakeTa (maT Soris viyavi mec), unda
yofiliyo kargi menejeric da antreprenioric. Tu orive ar iyavi
erTdroulad, warmateba praqtikulad gamoricxuli iyo.
vfiqrob, orive Tviseba kargad
mqonda Serwymuli da es bevr rameSi
damexmara. maSin menejers ver iqiravebdi (es bazari ar arsebobda, bolo
10 weliwadSi Camoyalibda), amitomac filialebs rom vxsnidi, am
procesSic ki bolomde viRebdi
monawileobas da vzrdidi saSualo rgolis menejerebs. banks Tavad
vmarTavdi.
- kidev sad awarmoebdiT bizness? gamigia, rom samxreT-aRmosavleT
aziaSic ki gqondaT aqtivebi.
- warmoidgineT, vinc wina saukunis 90-iani wlebis ruseTSi Sedioda, umetesoba oqros maZiblebiviT iyo. zustad ormag fass adebdnen yvelafers, undodaT swrafi
gamdidreba.
Rilakebiani telefonebis didi
partiis SesaZenad (maSin aseTi aparatebi Zalian popularuli iyo),
sami Tve tenders vatarebdi da
bolos mivxdi, rom dros vkargavdi. safrangeTSi wavedi satelekomunikacio gamofenaze da pirdapir
erT-erTi honkongur kompaniasTan
davde kontraqti. fasebic maSinve
ganaxevrda imasTan SedarebiT, rasac
moskovSi mTavazobdnen. honkongidan
ukve uSualo mwarmoeblebamde, CineTis qarxnebSi Cavedi da, sabolood, ramdenime qarxana SeviZine kidec.
mogvianebiT, es biznesi erT-erT
afrikel partniors davuTme. bankis
Camoyalibeba mqonda dawyebuli da
vaWrobis dro aRar iyo. Tan, ruseTi
gacilebiT saintereso bazari iyo,
radgan 1-2 weliwadSi xdeboda
kapitalis gaormageba, rasac sxvagan aTwleulebi undoda. amitom
ar mqonia mcdeloba, bevr sxva qveyanas movdebodi.
- msxvili klientebis mepatroneebs da top-menejerebs Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-is vice-prezidentebad
niSnavdiT. SegiZliaT amixsnaT, ra
logikiT?
- esec bankis eqspansiis nawili
iyo. filialebis direqtorebadac
vniSnavdi, partniorebic xdebodnen
da a.S. vice-prezidentebis statusis miniWeba amis gagrZeleba iyo.
banki ukve imdenad saxeliani da
gavleniani iyo, rom msxvili sawarmoebis direqtorebs moswondaT misi vice-prezidentoba. arada, es iseTi posti iyo, rom arc araferi
evaleboda da arc uflebamosilebas aniWebda, klientad rCeboda da,
vis SeeZlo. roca ruseTSi defolti moxda, rTuli arCevanis
winaSe aRmovCndi - gamekotrenbina
banki an damoukideblad damewyo
misi restruqturizacia. meore gza
avarCie, rac Cems kolega bankirebs
ar moswondaT da bankis „gadagdebas“ mirCevdnen, magram klientebs,
romlebTanac kargi urTierToba
mqonda, kari ver davukete da xeli
ver davibane.
Sedegad, sxvebma bankebi „gaasufTaves“ da gaaqres, me ki Cemi qoneba
Cavde sagiravno uzrunvelyofaSi
da moziduli saxsrebiT valdebulebebis gastumreba daviwye. Semdeg,
am valdebulebebis droulad „dasaxurad“ aqtivebis nawilis (lebedinski samTo-gamamdidrebeli kombinati, oriolis milsaglinavi qarxana, qarxana „tulaCermeti“) gayidvac momixda, Tan sabazroze bevrad
dabal fasad.
Cemi qonebis fass krizisis Semdgom 2-3 weliwadSi (roca pirveli sabanko gadasaxdelebi miwevda)
rom ar moemata, cxadia, mTel qonebas waiRebdnen kreditorebi. magram
sworad gavTvale, rom zrda iqneboda. ase rom, Cemi mxridan riski
iyo, magram azriani. es saxis SesanarCuneblad gavakeTe, Tumca, romc
ar meqna, veravin verafers metyoda,
radgan aseTi restruturizacia
aravis gaukeTebia.
am nabijis plusi isic iyo, rom
biznes-istebliSmentSi, gansakuTrebiT evropasa da aSS-Si, kargi saxeli momitana.
- metalurgiuli aqtivebi sakmaod kargi biznes-koniunqturis pirobebSi gayideT. xom ar gaiZules?
- ara, namdvilad ar vyofilvar
iZulebuli. ubralod gadavwyvite,
fulis gamo Tavisufleba ar damekarga. vurCie bevrs, rom gaeyidaT
TvalismomWreli aqtivebi, radgan
ruseTSi politikuri sistema da
TamaSis wesebi icvleboda. meore
samTo-mompovebeli qarxana rom gavyide, pirvelis gayidvis Sesaxeb
mxolod maSin gaiges. rom dametovebina es aqtivebi, didi albaTobiT
qonebis gadanawilebis axal talRaSi moxvdeboda. amitom msxvili
aqtivebi gavyide da iseTebi davitove, rac ar xvdeba TvalSi - samSeneblo, rasac maSin aseTi fasi
ar hqonda, „kauCuki“, rac axla
yvelaze Zviri Rirs da sxvebic.
- „gazpromis“ aqcioneri marTla
xarT? xSirad mesmis, rom misi aqciebis daaxloebiT 1%-s flobT.
- ho, da Tan Zalian sasacilod
da araprofesiulad svamen am kiTxvas. odesRac, 7-8 wlis winaT marTlac mqonda portfelSi „gazpromis“ aqciebis 1%-mde, rac gavaormage da mniSvnelovani sargebliT
gavyide. exlac SeiZleba mqondes
portfelSi 10 an 20 milionis
aqciebi, magram am informacias operatiulad ar vakontroleb, radgan
ama Tu im emitentis aqciebis portfelSi qona damokidebulia im
menejerze, romelic portfels marTavs. dRes SeiZleba portfelSi
iyos ama Tu im emitentis 50 milionamde dolaris aqciebi, xval aRarc erTi centis. es Cveulebrivad, portfelis marTvis strategiis Sesabamisad xdeba. Tumca, vici,
rom amJamad romelime msxvili emitentis aqciebis msxvil pakets, samwuxarod, ar vflob.
- ras warmoadgens sainvesticio
kompania „unikori“, romelic Tqvens
aqtivebs aerTianebs?
- wlebis manZilze Cemi ZiriTadi biznes-holdingi iyo „metaloinvesti“. roca masSi Semavali ori
qarxana gavyide, es brendic maTTan
erTad mivyide aliSer usmanovs
(forbis siis #28, qoneba 18,1 miliardi, ruseTis umdidresi adamiani). saxeli „unikori“ ki „universaluri korporaciidan“ modis, romelSic Sedis Cemi safinanso, savaWro, samrewvelo, agraruli, samSeneblo, farmacevtuli da sxva aqtivebi. Tumca, amJamad masSi Semaval
biznesebs vyidi, Tan ise, rom maTi
umetesobis saTanado kapitalizacia
ver movaswari da sabazroze dabal
fasad gaiyideba.
rogorc „unikoris“ farglebSi,
aseve mis miRmac mravalmxrivi investiciebi maqvs ganxorcielebuli.
erTaderTi, sadac ver movsinje sakuTari SesaZleblobebi da guli
mwydeba, zerentabeluri maRali teqnologiebis seqtoria.
- ratom miiCnevT, rom saqarTveloSi biznesi ar gaqvT? igive banki
„qarTu“ aseulobiT milioni laris aqtivebs flobs da sakmaod
xarod, am modelma ar imuSava.
- jer kidev wlebis win gavrcelda informacia, rom qarTuli aqtivebis gayidva gindodaT. ratom?
- imitom, rom saqarTveloSi aqtivebis marTvas didi dro undoda, rac ar mqonda. maSin unda movwyvetodi im saqmes, rasac sazRvargareT vakeTebdi da rac saSualebas maZlevda, bevrad meti gamekeTebina saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi adamianebisTvis. TumcaRa, cxadia, qvelmoqmedaze gacilebiT swori gzaa
biznesis warmoeba da samuSao adgilebis Seqmna, Tu adamianebis daxmareba ginda.
- partniorebs rogor arCevdiT
saqarTveloSi?
- praqtikulad, arc damWirvebia.
pirveli fsoni bankis mmarTvelad
naTesavze gavakeTe, rac didi Secdoma iyo - naTesavic davkarge da
saqmec ver ganviTarda. saqarTvelo
Zalian specifikuria am mxriv, dResac rTulia partnioris SerCeva.
- gogi TofaZe rogor moZebneT?
- TviTon momZebna, roca sabanko
sesxis saWiroeba iyo, partniorobis
SemoTavazebac misgan modioda. bakurianis proeqts roca vakeTebdiT,
maSin davmegobrdiT. gogi Zalian
aqtiurobda, bevrs cdilobda. CemTvis yvelanairad misaRebi partnioria: garda imisa, rom biznesmenia,
bevri ramis keTeba unda, bevri sxva
biznesmenisgan gamoirCeva. kargi variantia partniorobisTvis imiTac,
rac samuSao adgilebs qmnis (rac
Cems SemTxvevaSi naklebad xdeba)
da arc erT proeqts lokalurad
ar miCnevs, yovelTvis mis gafarToebazea orientirebuli. esec, Cemi
azriT, kargi Tvisebaa.
- imis miuxedavad, rom ukve TiTqmis naxevari welia, sajaro figura
gaxdiT, mainc naklebi warmodgeba
gvaqvs, ra Sexeduleba gaqvT bevr
mniSvnelovan sakiTxze. magaliTad,
rogori unda iyos ekonomikuri
politika. cota mets ar gvetyviT
am sakiTxze?
- sakmao dro gavida imisTvis,
rom mokle gancxadebebiT aRar vifarglebode, magram mainc mokled
vamjobineb.
ra sWirdeba ekonomikas? Zalian martivi ram: unda iyos Tavisufali bazari da Cinovnikebi ar
unda marTavdnen mas. Tu es ar
aris uzrunvelyofili, laparaki
ekonomikur kategoriebze siRrmiseuli wiaRsvlebiT cota TvalTmaqcobad mimaCnia. Tu sasamarTlo
da media Tavisufali ar aris da
nebismier Cinovniki TviTon aris
biznsemeni, aq rame ekonomikur politikaze laparaki uadgiloa.
pirveli amocana swored es unda
iyos - biznesi unda ganTavisufldes Cinovnikebisgan. amis mere
ukve aqvs azri davas sagadasaxado
sakiTxebze, infrastruqturis mowyobis modelze, sabiujeto da socialur politikaze... magram Tavisufali bazrisTvis aucilebeli
pirobebis ararsebobis SemTxevaSi,
yvela es msjeloba spekulaciaa.
- iRbliani xarT?
- ar vityvi, rom ki, magram arc
uamisobaa. 1991 wels aziis erTerTi umsxvilesi BCCI banki rom
gakotrda da iq 9-10 milioni dolari davkarge, pirvelad maSin gavkotrdi. ra vici, amas rogor davarqva iRblianoba? meored, ukve giTxariT, 1998 wels rogor viyavi gakotrebis piras.
Tumca, uiRblobasac ver mivawer
Cems Tavs. ra Tqma unda, fortunas
aqvs mniSvneloba, magram ZiriTadad
adamiani SromiT aRwevs Sedegs.
- warmatebis Tqveneuli formula miTxariT.
- jer ganvsazRvroT warmatebuli adamiani. CemTvis warmatebulia,
visac hyavs kargi ojaxi, uxaria
Sin yofna, dilas samsaxurSi wasvla
da saRamos - saxlSi dabruneba.
es ukve warmatebaa. Tu adamians
aqvs gaTboba, wamali, saxuravi da
weliwadSi erTxel SvebulebaSi
wasvlasac axerxebs, CemTvis es
ukve warmatebuli adamiania.
gansakuTrebiT warmatebuls ki
erTi ram emateba - niWiereba, romelic pirobiTac ori nawilisgan
Sedgeba: daaaxloebiT naxevari ekuTvnis inteleqts, naxevari - jansaR
fsiqikas. Tu jansaRi fsiqika gaqvs,
Seni inteleqtis Sesabamiss gaakeTeb da Sedegs miiReb. Tu sayvarel
profesias irCev, karg ojaxs afuZneb, kargi meuRle da Svilebs gyavs,
warmatebulic swored maSin xar.
ar mimaCnia, rom Warbi fuli
aris warmatebis simbolo. bevri
mdidari vici, vinc gaubedurebulia
da ar icis, risTvis cxovrobs,
mTeli sicocxle sdevda fuls,
iSova kidec, magram imave riskebze
„zis“, rac adre hqonda da me ver
vxedav maT warmatebas da bednierebas.
me damlagebladac vmuSaobdi, sapirfareSoc damilagebia, fexSiSveli davrbodi bavSvobaSi, magram
ubeduri viyavi-meTqi, naRdad ar
vityvi. Cems Svilebsac ase vuxsni
xSirad. maT araferi akliaT, magram
Cemze bednieri bavSvoba aqvT-meTqi,
ver vityvi. maT asakSi araferi
mqonda, magram mainc bednieri viyavi.
- fulis wili ramdenia warmatebaSi?
- zustad imdeni, rom gqondes
janmrTeloba, wamalze ar fiqrobde,
ar iSimSilo, saxuravi gefaros.
amis iqiT, rogorc zedmeti wina
ar varga, ise zedmeti fuli ar varga. Tan, rac dro gadis, sul ufro
naTeli xdeba, rom Znelia, erTma
adamianma Seiqmnas warmatebis istoria ise, Tu garemo ar aris jansaRi. qveyanac unda gqondes warmatebuli, stabiluri, arc moxucebulobis geSinodes da maSin es
iqneba 100%-iani warmateba: stabilur qveyana, sayvareli samsaxuri
da sayvareli ojaxi Tu gaqvs, am SemTxvevaSi fulis wili umniSvneloa.
- forbis miliarderebis sias
rom vuyureb, Zalian bevrs umaRlesi
ganaTleba ar aqvs. ganaTleba warmatebas xels rom uwyobs, TiTqos
aRiarebuli faqtia. SeiZleba uSlides kidec?
- isev Cemi praqtikidan gi pasuxebT: roca „peresptroika“ daiwyo,
sakmao ganaTleba mqonda. sadoqtoro TiTqmis mzad mqonda, Tumca
rogorc ki bizness mivyavi xeli,
mivxvdi, rom iq manamde miRebul
ganaTlebas araviTari mniSvneloba
ar hqonda. me rom ganaTlebasa da
akademiur ekonomikur codnaze damyarebuli biznesi damewyo, daviRupebodi. biznsmens ufro sxva mocemuloba sWirdeba, Tumca menejeris
SemTxvevaSi ganaTlebas didi roli
eniWeba. antrepreniors ganaTlebaze metad sxva ram sWirdeba- upirvelesad, xedva, unda xedavdes perspeqtivas. gansakuTrebiT iseT situaciaSi, roca me daviwye biznesi roca precedentebi ar arsebobda
da analizs ver gaakeTebdi. daimsxvra uzarmazari imperia, xdeboda
qonebis gadanawileba, sirbilSi iwereboda kanonebi, aranairi stabiluroba ar arsebobda...
aseTi viTareba dResac xSirad
iqmneba. amitomac mewarmisTvis zogjer codna da wesebis brmad miyola SeiZleba damRupvelic ki aRmoCndes. seriozul warmatebas Tu
ginda miaRwio, mxolod codnaze
dafuZnebiT Zalian gagiWirdeba.
codnam SeiZleba xelic SegiSalos,
rasac me bevrjer gadavawydi: adamianebi cdiloben moirgon wignebSi
nanaxi modelebi da formulebi
da araferi gamosdiT. xSirad tradiciuli codna siaxlis danaxvas
xels uSlis.
amitom aris, roca brein Stormingebs atareben, sxva, xSirad Temisgan sruliad mowyvetil adamianebs
rTaven procesSi, rom sxva fokusiT, sxva rakursidan Sexedon viTarebas da faseul ideas miagnon.
- spontanuri xarT?
- ara, magram Zalian swrafad
viReb gadawyvetilebebs. swrafi azrovneba maqvs, Tumca analizis gareSe arafers vwyvet.
- albaT Zalian bevr molaparakebaSi migiRiaT monawileoba. ra
ganwyobiT da „SeiaraRebiT“ ujdebiT xolme molaparakebis magidas?
- sworad vxedav mizans. miznis
Camoyalibebis gareSe saerTod ar
unda waxvide aranair molaparakebaze. Tu es ar ici, arc Secdomebisgan xar dazRveuli. mTavaria,
kargad xedavde mizans da Tan ara
marto Sensas - meore mxaris mizansac unda acnobierebde, grZnobde,
ra unda da yovelTvis unda iyo
ganwyobili balansis mosaZebnad.
- roca arc sruli informacia
gaqvT, arc sakmarisi dro da gadawyvetilebac swrafad aris misaRebi, aseT dros ras eyrdnobiT?
- alRos, gamocdilebas, niWs...
visac es yvelaferi kompleqsSi
aqvs da SeuZlia situacia sworad
Seafasos drois da informaciis
simciris miuxedavad, albaT amiT
gamoirCeva kide naklebad warmatebulebisgan.
- planetis umdidresi adamiani
karlos slim elu ambobs, rom umjobesia adamians misce samuSao,
vidre daexmaro mas. Tqven bevrs
exmarebiT. Tqveni soflis an raionis magaliTze rom SevafasoT, ra
mieciT da ra waarTviT am adamianebs permanentuli daxmarebebiT?
- apriori veTanxmebi, rom roca
SegiZlia samuSao adgilis Seqmnas,
jobia Seqmna da daasaqmo, vidre
daexmaro. rac Seexeba Cems SemTxvevas, am raodenobis samuSao adgilis Seqmna rom damewyo, gacilebiT
nakleb adamians damexmarebodi da
qveyanasac naklebad wavadgebodi.
sainvesticio bankis Seqmnis idea
imitom mqonda, rom swored axali
biznesebis gaCenis da dasaqmebisTvis
Semewyo xeli. cxadia, SeiZlebloda
kidev erTi an ori mcire sawarmo
Semeqmna (kidev 200 kaci damesaqmebina) da amaze gadametana meti
dro da yuradReba, magram maSin im
masStabebis biznesis awyobas ver
SevZlebdi, rac soliduri daxmarebebis da qvelmoqmedebis resurss
maZlevda.
esec ar iyos, ras vakeTebdi, ras
iRebda xalxi Cemgan? elementaruls, sasicocxlo pirobebis dasakmayofilebels, rac ar hqondaT.
dasasruli me11 gverdze >>>
10
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
arc sakravis fexis gamoyvanaSi. xemic orTave sakravs
mSvildiseburi hqonda, meomruli suli Cades sakravSi
mordumac da pelazgmac, da
mitom. am sakravis muceli
ostats fiWvisgan daemzadebina,
mordu ki soWisgan akeTebda,
tars ki muxisgan amzadebda,
am Wianurs Tavi da yeli aryisa hqonda. Wuniris kiduri
simebi kvartas diapazoniT iyo
ganwyobili, romlis Sua simi
qveda simTan tercias warmoSobda, zedasTan ki sekundas,
Wianuric kvartiT iyo gawyobili, oRond Sua simi ar
hqonda.
xeliT mousinja medeam sakravs tyavi da muceli, gamTbari iyo Tu ara axlad danTili cecxlis simxurvalisgan.
nela Tbeboda saerTod tyavi
da nelave aTbobda sakravs,
samagierod es siTbo karga
xans ar gadioda da bgerebsac
gasaocar siTbos aniWebda, zogjer simxurvalesac ki. medeam Wianuri fexebs Soris Caidga, marcxena xelis TiTebiT
sakravis yelze bgerebi aiRo,
marjveniT ki xemi daiWira
da orive sims dausva. gasaocarma hangma dafara oTaxi.
sivrcis usazRvroeba mieca
Tvalis siviwroves da Soreul mogonebebSi gadaisrola
melodiis tkbilxmovanebam
rogorc damkvreli, ise msmeneli. gonebaSi gadaiSala yvelaze mimzidveli suraTebi,
rac ki odesme ganucdiaT medeasac da pelazgsac.
gareT uceb Camobnelda, sicivem iWarba oTaxSic da maspinZeli iZulebuli gaxda,
cecxlisTvis metad SeenTo
SeSa. es mTeli zamTris ukanaskneli narCeni iyo, rac ki darCeniliyo da amRam unda daewva. imedovnebda pelazgi, aRar
dasWirdeboda cota xniT mainc xis moWra, radgan am axal
muguzals kargad Seinaxavda
nacarSi.
CrdiloeTidan SemoWrili
Savi Rrubeli elviseburi siswrafoT moefina mTels ukideganobas. ramdenime wuTis
win sruliad kamkama ca mTlianad Camoiqufra. sul axlodan SemoesmaT Smagi zRvis
Relva, romelic boboqrobiT
CaZirvas uqadda yvelafders
da Tavisken iTrevda napirze
dayril qviSas. qaric amovarda da TiTqos glejda xis
totebs. es ar hgavda aia-qalaqis qarebs, sadac usazRvro
sigiJea da SiSismomgvreli
araa, raimesac rom ar aSavebs,
iseTi. aqauri gazafxulis qarebi ki sulSi gamWoli siciviT dahqris, fesvebianad
glejs xeebs, zRvis sanapiros
miukarebels xdis da adamianebsac Wams Tavisi gadarevis
dasaokeblad.
irgvliv araferi Canda. medeas sulSi sadRac odesRac
miZinebulma qareulma grZnobam gaiRviZa da mSobliurma
aias qarebma dauares sxeulSi
siamed, qaris sificxe romaa
da cdunebasaviT Semogaparebs
dars. fiqrma waiRo Wianuris
gaWianurebuli moZaxili da
sasmenelisTvis Sesaferisi
ganwyoba Seqmna. aias qarebi
Caatia medeam momnusxav melodiaSi da midrika Tavi simebis sasmenad. yuri miugdo
pelazgma hangs da igive fiqrebi warmoiSva masSi - didebuli pelasgia gaaxsena kacs,
arkadiis uzrunveloba da minosis sasaxleSi mocekvave qalRmerTis statua, knososis
sasaxleze SemonaTebuli Camavali mzis sxivebiT gadawyvetili sevdiani miraJebis gamofena, mzis sxivebs rom Cahqonda
ufskruleTSi Tvalwarmtaci
labirinTebi.
- iyo da ara iyo rao,- Seuxmiana medeam Wianurs Tavisi xma, Zalian hgavdnen es
xmebi erTurTs. ise daiwyo
Txroba, rom verc ki SeamCnia
es verc pelazgma da verc
Tavad medam, TavisTavad warmoiSva Txroba, TiTqos musikis
darad esec gardauval aucileblobas warmoadgenda,- RvTis ukeTesi ra iqnebodao.
iyo Citi mgalobeli, RmerTi
Cveni mwyalobeli. Cems mamulSi erTi mSvenieri asuli
cxovrobda, av Tvals ar enaxveboda, iseTi iyo. mas idea erqva.
zogi ambobda qalRmerTiao,
zogic kidev qalRmerTis
Sviliao,
zogi romeliRac RvTaebas
miawerda mis gaCenas,
zogic kidev imas ambobda,
araviTari RvTeba, mokvdavi kacis Sviliao.
vinc amas ambobda, mas dascinodnen, ra ici Sen, vin ra
ariso, an saerTod ra gagegeba Sen qalRmerTebzeo. am asuls dedac hyavda da mamac.
adreulad daixocnen ise, rom
Svilis damSvenebas ver moeswrnen. iyo da izrdeboda RvTis anabarad es bavSvi,
arc vis ras uSavebda,
arc vin ras uSavebda.
xarobda sofeli am asuliT. satrfoc bevri hyolia,
misTvis vaglaxad xeli aravis uxlia, kolxebi iyvnen
jiSad da modgmiT, da mitom.
iqamde mTis gaRmiTganac
mosulan mSvenieri ideis xelis saTxovnelad. guli ar
gaxsnoda arc erT raindze
da amitom mamulis Svilebma
Tqves,- vadrovoT, iqneb Tavad
i povos Rirseuli saqmro da
Cvenc mis nebas davyvebiTo.
Zala ar dautanebiaT misTvis,
radgan qalRmerTad racxdnen.
Sehxarodnen misi damnaxavi
ymawvilkacebi dRe-mavals da
TavianT cxovrebas Sinaarsians xdidnen nadirobdnen Tu Sromobdnen,
lxinobdnen Tu uqmobdnen,
yovelTvis masze fiqrobdnen da misTvis akeTebdnen
yvelafers,
Tu rames akeTebdnen.
mamulic simSvidesa da xalisSi Cafluliyo. yvela saTiTood eloda, rom ginda
Tu ara, mxolod igi gaxdeboda lamazi ideis rCeuli,
am imediT gakeTilSobildnen
mamulis Svilebi, meti RvTaerivi Tviseba SeiZines, sisxlsa
da xorcSi gaujdaT madliani
buneba. moTminebiT elodnen
asulis gulis gaxsnas. aba
ugulod idea vis rad undoda,
guliani biWebi iyvnen, da mitom.
yvelas hqonda imedi, yvelaze davrdomilsac ki, radgan
ideis gverdiT isic Tavs bednierad grZnobda. asulsac
arasodes gamouvlenia TavkerZoba, yvelasTan urTierTobaSi
uSualo iyo. TanatolebTan
mTelis gulwrfelobiT megobrobda. arc erT sxva
asuls masze guli ar mosvlia,
arc Suri CaubudebiaT gulebSi, radgan yvela maTgans TavianTi mTxovneli hyavda da
arasodes sxvaTa satrfos
ideaze Tvali ar gaqcevia.
aravis cxovrebaSi cudad ar
iWreboda da arc aravis Txovda mowyalebas. rogorc sxva
Sromobda, igic ise iyo garjili. idea moxucsac uyvarda
da axalgazrdasac. yvela iviwyebda sikvdils, roca mas
uyurebda. aravis surda mis
gamo muStis Sekvra, araTu
imitom, rom ar efasebodaT
ase, aramed imitom, rom TviT
idea afrqvevda simSvides da
es simSvide metoqeebzec gadadioda, malamod efineboda
ficxi kolxebis guls ideis
momxiblaoba da cxreboda
mgznebare gulebi siyvarulSi
siyvarulisaTvis. es mxolod
ideis gamo iyo, Torem sxva
SemTxvevaSi erTmaneTs Tavpirs dausisxlianebdnen qoCora mamlebiviT dezebze Semdgari Wabukebi. isini ki moTminebiT
elodnen,
elodnen,
elodnen,
Tu vis airCevda es mSveniereba qmrad, Tavs zedmetad
aravin abezrebda. moTmineba
ki ivseboda da ivseboda, aba
qveynis Tvals gauTxovars
romeli vaJkaci datovebda.
Tu TviTon ar amoirCevda, maSin es cxen-kacebi da xarkacebi mzad iyvnen dareodnen
erTmaneTs, raTa gamarjvebuls
darCenoda sabolood idea.
Turme ideas erTi uTvistomo ymawvili Seyvarebia, TvalebiT emijnurebodnen erTmaneTs, radgan xelmiukareblobis wesi unda daculiyo da
buniaobis zeimze aRsrulebuliyo mamulis winaSe valis
moxda. es rom darRveuliyo,
qals Caqolavda mTeli mamuli sibilwisa da siZvis gamo.
amitom wesisamebr etrfodnen
erTurTs, gasworferdnen, Seuryvnelad euflebodnen erTmaneTs da yvelaferi es mTvariani Ramis idumalebisas xdeboda, vidremde gaibadreboda
mTvare sixarulisagan. ciskris varskvlavis gamoCenamde
sworfrobdnen mijnurni. uaRresad TavSekavebuli iyo ideis swori da feri, amitom
amoirCia igi ideam Tavis Zmobilad. etrfialebodnen erTmaneTs
mkaSic,
qorwilSic,
lxinSic,
magram ki aravis SeumCnevia
es. erTi iyo, rom mTvarem
icoda maTi siyvarulis ambavi.
mamulis yvelaze maxvil Tvalsac ki gamoepara ideis gamijnureba. radgan buniaobis
simkacre wesad iyo dadgenili, ver amxeldnen saqveynod
TavianT trfobas da TavSekavebuli grZnobamoreviT iokebdnen moZalebul survils erTmaneTisas. asuli Tavis Zmobils uWrida da ukargavda
sagules,
sayelos,
sawvives,
yvelafers, rasac qalis xeli sWirdeboda. vaJic uZRvnida Tavis sworfers
mZivebs,
qinZisTavebsa da
nair-nair samkaulebs.
erTmaneTSic wvebodnen, magram ar yofila cduneba. grZnobadaokebuli minotavriviT
exveoda gaxurvebuli qalis
sxeuls mTvarianobisas, ar asvenebda vaJi qals, qalic ise
iqceoda minotavris mklavebSi moqceuli, rom zedmeti
ar efiqra da sazRvrebs ar
gadacdeniliyo sworferi. maTi sruli siSiSvle sircxvili ki ara, silamaze iyo. uTeslod TamaSobdnen erTmaneTSi
da amiT qalwulobis siwmi-
de daculi iyo. dayenebuli
vaJkacis mori arodes dasvelebula TesliT da qalis
sisxliT, qalsac uxaroda misi Sexeba, grZnobda mamris siZlieres, sircxvileulobac
gamqraliyo maTSi. pirvelSobilobis sispetakeSi ganzavebuli silamazis veluroba
ikiTxeboda maT siSiSvleSi
da es kargi iyo.
xar-kaci gaaZliera qalvaJianobam, Zala da Jini moemata. amiT mis cxovrebas mTavari Sinaarsi mieca - satrfosTvis is dauxarjavi ZalRone unda daexarja, romelic
esoden moZaleboda da eZebda
saqveynod gamosavals, raTa
cxovrebas moweodnen. isic
icoda, rom bedi da bediswera rodesRac ulmobeli iqneboda misTvis. ai, maSin unda
gamomJRavnebuliyo dauZleveli da moukvdinebeli Zlevamosileba am TavSekavebuli minotavrisa, aqamomde ar Sercxvenila Rame maTis sworfrobiT, da mitom.
amdgarze Cangurs iRebda
vaJi, Camohkravda xels da daamRerebda sasworfro-satrfialos, mTeli grZnoba rom Caetia Tavis naTqvamSi dauxarjavi Zal-Ronis amosawurad
da axurvebuli sxeulis gasagrileblad,`gzaSi qal Samameyara, Tavs
qoqlo mofarebuli, Torpili
mTvares ugvanda mzesaviT ganaTebuli...~
ivseboda hangebiT Ramis
sispetake da axla qalic Tavisi morcxvi da nazi xmiT
daamRerebda Sairs wyobilsityviT,`ra dadges Ramis wyvdiadi bevras uxaris qalasa, ZmobilTan wasvlas apirobs, Znelad ro daiSalasa...~
qalis kdemiT ivseboda eTeri da xmebic exveodnen erTmaneTs da surdaT zecamdis
asuliyo es siyvaruli. hangs
axla vaJi iuflebda mTelis
gznebiT,`TovliviT TeTri yel-yuri Tamar-qals Sadarebuli.
naWrelaian faragi, Tma maRla
dayenebuli...~
eRimeboda qals qaTinaurebze da Tavisi kdemamosilebiT CamoarTmevda vaJs melodias da wkriala xmiT daamRerebda, `qal midis wynari nabijiT,
ar daaCqamebs Calasa, vaJkac
Tavs maimZinarebs, mZinavs, atyuebs qalasa...~
vaJic gaiRimebs qalis namRerze, metis cecxliT aaTamaSebs simebs da bgeraTa JRera
gametebulis ZaliT aRmoifrqveva Canguridan, zedve Tavis
saTqmels daamatebs,`ferobiT dawol-adgoma
gvars ar maudis Cemsao, Tavis
safersTan davswvebi, Tu ver
mavxelav metsao...~
casa swvda qalis sixaruli, ase rigad rom uyvarda
vaJs, TviTonac SeaTamama sityva-simRera da CasCurCula keTilxmovanebiT mamulis sizmrebs,`wamaol samTaSigoda, neta,
Zmobili sad ari? saTaves gadamaxdines - karga Wris Cemi
namgali...~
gamxiarulda ymawvilic
sityvas vnebebi misca, da isic
TavSekavebuli, esao da, wesierebis samzRvriTgan uwesobas
uyurebda da iRimoda Tavisi
namReris siam-tkbilobaSi,`meeqec tkbilis eniTa, TandaTan axlos mawveba, adgoma
aRar swadian, mxars wamoigdebs,
gawveba...~
aRarc asuli CamorCa sworfers, Seuqo namReri da daacxro vaJuri Jinis moZaleba
sityvebSi,`kacTagan atexil iyvas,
swor-ferTan aRelvebuli, mzesa hgavs Cemi Zmobili, dars
mava daSvenebuli...~
gaTenebamdis umRerodnen
bednieri satrfoni erTmaneTs
da qars eqod mihqonda maTi
namReri Sors mTebis miuwvdomel simyudroveSi. motrfialeTa tkbil simRerebs
mamlis yivilebi da Citebis
ganTiadis sadidebeli Jriamuli enacvleboda. mamuls
ki Zinavda tbili ZiliT da
mis sizmrebs es simRerebi
alamazebda. aravin icoda am
hangebis Sesaxeb, ubralod
elamuneboda mamulis SvilTa
sasmenels, romelic adunebda
grZnobebs, yoveldRiurobiT gadaRlilebi ki ixangrZlivebdnen tkbilxmovan livlivs
sasizmro zmanebebSi. frTqialebda nami foTlebze, xmis
talRebi awkarunebdnen foTlidan balaxze dacemulT, nislebSi ki imaleboda namReris
sasiyvarulo siSiSvlis silamaze, radgan bunebis siRameSi imoseboda qal-vaJis spetaki trfialeba da Rrublebamde adioda, raTa caSi mokluliyo - wyurvad, an Tu momkuliyo - nayofad.
enuma eliS mefobda cad
da sworfrobis sworupovar
TavgadasavlebSi gadmosuliyo jer-ar-qmniloba, pirveladobis veluri sawyisi rom
xdida momxiblavs ideas, idea
iyo Tavad enuma eliSis is
sworic da feric, da mitom.
ase eyvarebodaT erTmaneTi samoTxeSi pirvel kacsa da mi-
si neknidan Seqmnil qals, radgan maSin jer kidev ar flobdnen velurobis gaukuRmarTebisa da wabilwvis gatkbilebuli simwris gemos, gemo
rom grZnobebSi gadadioda ise,
rogorc sisaTuTe daisvreba
da verasodes gasufTavdeba,
Tavis pirveladobamde rom iyo,
ise. es simRera iyo swored
enuma eliS - mistiuri gaazreba pirveladi trfobis mimsgavsebisa jer-ar-qmnilobiT,
sanam iqneboda yvelaferi da
mere yvelaferSi ltolva
aranamdvilisa namdvilisadmi, namdvils rom Canacvleboda aranamdvili. uTeslo mijnurobaa swored - `roca zecas jer kidev ar hqonda saxeli~. es imitom, rom ca ar
iyo qmnili, arc ideis trfoba
iyo qmnili, ese igi Teslili.
amitom vambob, ase eyvareboda pirvel-kacs pirvel-qali
da pirvel-qals pirvelkaci mistiuri nayofis mirTmevamde,
imis iqiT ukve iyo ganayofiereba,
anu enuma eliSis pirveli
amosunTqvis damTavreba.
qal-vaJma ar icoda, Tu damTavrdeboda odesme maTi trfiali, magram grZnobdnen, rom
moaxlovebuli iyo gaTviTcnobierebis axal simaRleze
asvlis Jami, ras gaicnobierebdnen, es ar icodnen mxolod. mTavrdeboda enuma eliSis pirveli lamazi
siSlege da
siSmage,
Zvirfasi romaa nebismieri
adamianisaTvis, vinc ar unda
iyos igi, radgan es yvelafris
dabadebamdeli yofaa. amadac
miyvars me enuma eliSis simRera, mamida rom sZlispirulad
mimReroda da sizmrebSi imas
vnaxulobdi, rasac yovelTvis
mikrZalavdnen. mere, rodesac
yvelafris dasabami Sevicani,
metis gulmodginebiT aRviqvi
am silamazis gardasuli mSveniereba, romelsac drois maradiuli moZraoba anadgurebda,
raTa ar darCeniliyo xsovnis
nakvalevic ki im momxiblavi
Tavdaviwyebisagan.
Semodgomas zamTari enacvleboda,
gazafxuls - zafxuli,
da iwyeboda yvelaferi isev
Tavidan, magram aRar iwyeboda
is sawyisi, rac dasabamiT daiwyo, arc is simyudrove, rac
dasabamamde sufevda maradisiT
ukan. enuma eliSis kosmiuri
idumaleba mxolod maSin Sewyvetda arsebobas, roca ganumzadebeli samyaro ganifineboda usasrulobaSi da uZraobaSi moZraobiT. warsulisken
mimarTuli mzera im diadi
kosmiuri Seucnobadis Semotanas lamobda sneulsa da
adamianur urTierTobebSi saxioburi ganmeorebiTa da warmoCeniT,- da yvelaferi es
wes-Cveulebad Camoayaliba kacTa cxovrebis mxatvrulma azrovnebam, rasac saadamiano sibrZne da keTilSobileba sWirdeboda. ase iara ideam Tavis
swor-ferTan erTad saidumlod.
dila yovelTvis pirmcinare iyo da isev xalisSi miedineboda mTeli misi dro.
erTxel aRar gaTenda pirmcinared, moiRrubla dila, adamianebic aforiaqebulebi Candnen,
yvela ubrad midi-modioda,
uxalisodac saqmianobdnen. vaJebs yalyze SeeyenebinaT cxenebi da igrZnoboda maTgan
gamomdinare gangaSiT moculi
dumili. yvela Tvals aridebda ideas, TiTqosda brazobdnen
masze, daTqmuli drois ganmavlobaSi rom ver amoirCia saqmro, an arada sworfroba Seutyves qals, da mitom. sxvafriv ver aexsna asuls mamulis SvilTa ase-rigi cvlileba. ukvirdeboda xalxs, Tavis satrfos, vis mimarTac
ar iyvnen ase-rigad aRgznebulni, iqamde saTvalavSi arc
ki Tvlidnen, mxolodRa ideis
mimarT SeecvalaT ganwyoba.
es ki imas niSnavda, rom mamulis moTminebas samzRvari daedo. ukve cxadi iyo ideisTvis,
didxans ase aRar gagrZeldeboda, aravin apirebda mis ase
cal-uRelad datovebas da
yvelas ki surda dapatroneboda momxiblav asuls. windawinve icoda, ras moimoqmedebda mamuli, Rirseuli qmari
rom SeerToT misTvis da buniaobis dResaswauli daemSvenebinaT rogorc wesi iyo, ise.
drois gaWianureba SeuZlebeli iyo, mxolod cxen-kacTa
Sejibri gadawyvetda ideis
qmris vinaobas, Tu verc es,
maSin kurulSi gamarjvebuli
gaxdeboda rCeuli mamulis
rCeuli asulisa. igi iqneboda
Rirseuli mamuliSvili, vinc
minotavrs SeboWavda da ar
moklavda, SeboWils ki uRelSi Seabamda da axvnevinebda
naomar velebs, raTa waSliliyo kvali sisxlisa, miwa rom
gapoxiliyo mamulis SvilTa
ofliT da sisxlis yivilamde
exara jiSs mamulisas. samagierod, ar iqneboda siyvaruli, iqneboda mxolod Zala
da ar iqneboda goneba.
ifiqra,
ifiqra ideam,
bevri ifiqra, Tu
cota ifiqra,
is, rac moifiqra,
Tavis sworfers uTxra:
- airia xalxio, Sen arras
gerCiano, mxolod Cems Tavs
wagarTmeveno, xolo Tu ver
wagarTves, Sendami borotebas
Caideben gulebSi da mainc
dagRupaveno, ase ubrZolvelad
rom dagnebdio. brZolebsa da
SejibrSi verc cxen-kacebs
Zlev da verc xar-kacebso.
maSin Cveni siyvaruli daiRupebao da me ver viqnebi
verc erT mamulis SvilTan
da miT ufro gadamTielTan
bednierio. Cemi arCevani rom
gavumxilo mamuls, gavanawyeneb mas,
radgan mamulis Zala mravlobaSia,
goneba ki erTeulebSi. amiT
davupirispirdebiT mraval
gawbilebuls. Sejibrebebsa da
orTabrZolebSi gamarjvebuli
im mravalTa rCeuli iqneba,
danarCenebi ki daemorCilebian
mas. mxolod goneba gaWris
sxvanairad. Senc rom yofiliyavi im mravalTa ricxvSi
da sxva yofiliyo Sens adgilas, Senc aseve gaborotdebodi im Cems rCeulze, vinc iqneboda. amitom pativi unda
vceT damarcxebulTa Tavmoyvareobas da unda ganveridoT
maT, vidremde ar dagvRupavs
ugono Zala mamulis. xvalindeli dRe locvisa da mwuxarebisa iqneba imis gamo, rom
laRi cxovreba mTavrdeba da
rogorc fici, iseTi mimzidveli iqneba Ralati. amitom am
RamiT Cemi mxurvale guliT
davanTeb Tvalis saCinars da
mnaTob-lamparSi Cavsvam samzerlad,
wyals gavatan,
Sen ukan gahyevi,
ecade, ar Cagiqres. Tvalsawiers ar gascdes arc is,
arc Sen, Torem damekargebiT.
mere ki Caqreba TvalSi Cini
da erTmaneTs veRar vipoviT,
da Tu vi poviT,
veRar vicnobT. es lampari
gadagiyvans sanatrions da
idumal qalaqebSi damkvidrdi.
me serze Sevdgebi da Segxedav, sad gagitacebs naTeli
da Cemi mzeriT Sens gverdiT
viqnebi. rom gainapireb, iloce
da SenTan gavCndebio. mere ki
veRaranairi Zala ver dagvaSorebs erTmaneTs, radgan TviT
sanatrioni dagvicavs avi Tvalisgano, verc ki mogveweva
is avi da moSurne Tvali, ise
dabrmavdebao, aRarc mamuli
daobldeba uCvenodo, radgan
mamulis aRmatebuli sasufeveli sanatrioniao. ar daRonde, Cemo gulis murazo, am
Cveni iZulebiTi ganSorebiT,
amaze ar ifiqro, mxolod lamparze geWiros Tvali da sanatrioni inatreo, mxolod maSin
gaxval samSvidobos da mec
Tan gamiyolebo.
Cado mdinareSi ideam lampari da dinebam gaitaca Tvalis saCinari, lampars sworferi gamoudga. isic wyalSi
Sevida da gascura bneli Ramis talRebi. ar ismoda irgvliv arc WriWinebis, arc
Wotisa da arc bayayebis xmebi,
radgan am RameSi erTaderTi
gzis manaTobeli Tvalis Cini
iyo da yvelani monusxulebi
iyvnen. ar iyo dro cicinaTelebis gamobrWyvialebisa.
mxolod mdinaresTan SebrZolebuli mocuravis wyalze
xelebis mosmis xma ismoda.
patara iyo mdinare da male
SeuerTda zRvas. mocuravis
winaSe ki gadaiSala Tvaluwvdeneli zRviuri sivrce da
gahyva igi lampars, raTa misi
Tvalsawieridan ar dakarguliyo is. irgvliv wyvdiadi
sufevda da mxolod gulTmisani grZnobda guliT danTil
naTels da mihyveboda. umTvaro iyo Rame da curva uWirda
sworfers, amasTanave wyali
iyo civi, magram siyvaruliT
gaxurvebuli ver grZnobda
siTbo-sicivis xarisxs. micuravda da ver grZnobda horizonts, verc sakmaod dacilebul xmeleTs xedavda, miTumetes rom Rame iyo, dRis-wul
SeiZleboda iolad gaerkvia
adgil-mdebareoba, magram kukunaTi Rame amis saSualebas
ar iZleoda. arc es dabrkoleba uSlida xels, radgan
Zlier aRgznebuli iyo satrfoTi.
lampari ki miiwevda da
miiwevda Rrmad talRebSi da
gza-kvals urevda mocuraves
da esec imitom, rom gulis
murazisken TviTon gaegno gza
yvelas daxmarebis gareSe. es
igrZno sworferma, magram arc
am dabrkolebas SeuSinda, Tavis grZnobaTa siwrfeleSi
darwmunebuli iyo, da mitom.
es ki ver gaiTvaliswina eyofoda, Tu ara mas saamisod
Zala. aq brZola sxvebTan ki
ar uwevda, aramed sakuTar
TavTan da mxolod sakuTar
gonierebasa da Ronierebaze
iyo damokidebuli, iqneboda
Tu ara igi bednieri cxovrebaSi.
lampari ki mis Sori-axlos micuravda da xelis
erT gawvdenaze iyo, magram es
warmosaxviTi cduneba mainc
Tvalis cdomilebam Seqmna da
ara sinamdviled aRqmulma keTilma survilebma. sworferi
gaiwevda Tu ara lamprisken,
mas an sicive daazrobda, an
sicariele Sexvdeboda xelSi,
siyvarulis naTeli ki mxolod ramdenime gacurvis manZilze gadainacvlebda. vaJic
dauzarelad micuravda da micuravda. ver grZnobda cxovrebis muxanaTobas, magram icoda, rom napirTan eloda Tavisi
idea, araTu mxolod eloda,
uyurebda kidec, am mzeras mTeli sxeuliT SeigrZnobda da
simxnes matebda satrfos
gul-Sematkivroba.
idea marTlac uyurebda
satrfos sibnelis miuxedavad,
siyvaruls ar sWirdeboda
erTmaneTis dasanaxad sivrcis
ganaTeba, Tavadve anaTebdnen siyvaruliT da urTierTmizidulobiT grZnobdnen erTmaneTis
adgilsamyofels. idea mamulis ganapira serze idga zRvis piras da Caesmoda talRebis mier motanili ambebi,
Tu rogor ebrZoda
talRebs,
Rames da
ukideganobas
misi sworferi da amadac
darwmunda, rom vaJi misi
sworic iyo
da saferic,
igi masSi ar Semcdara, da
mitom. sworferis gamarjvebiT upirveles yovlisa gaimarjvebda Tavad idea da Semdeg pirnaTeli warsdgeboda
mamulis winaSe. yvelaze didi
brZola imis dasamtkiceblad,
rom marTlac Rirseuli da
rCeuli xar, araTu sxvebTan
orTabrZolaa, aramed sakuTar
TavTan. idea amas grZnobda
ufrore metad, vidre TviT
mocurave, am vaJis amorCevis
JamiTgan.
talRebi ukve azvirTebuliyvnen,
aforiaqda idea,
Rame iwureboda,
magram gamonaTebas ar apirebda dRe. mocurave daiRala
zvirTebTan brZolaSi da mixvda, rom ideis siyvaruli sicocxlis fasad ujdeboda
da odnavadac ar unania es.
xelebi gaeyina,
mklavSi Zala aRar daemorCila,
Tavbru daexva.
masTan lampari mivida da
Tvalis Cini xelebSi daakavebina. vaJi adgilze curavda,
misi Tvalsawieri mxolod
Tvalis saCinariT Semoifargla. mas sicivisagan moZraoba gauWirda, talRebma gaitaces mousavleTisken, saidanac
xelis erT gadawvdenaze iyo
sanatrioni. zRva dawynarda,
mixvda rom, saqme gaakeTa.
mTeli sxeuliT TrToda
mocurave, xelSi mnaTobi eWira. am mnaTobma daanaxa, rom
satrfos misTvis ar uRalatnia. dRis naTebam nel-nela
gaafarTova samzerali da Sexeda ymawvilma, rom napiri
arsad Canda, an rogor gaecura ukan? magram icoda, rom
is sanetaro lampari xelSi
ekava da amiT bednieri iyo.
misi guli ideas xedavda da
xvdeboda, rom ideac uyurebda
mas. Sors iyo, magram man sakuTar Tavze gaimarjva. aRarc
fiqrobda ganapirebas, amis Zala mas aRar eyofoda da esec
kargad icoda. sakuTari Zalebis amocnobac erTgvari gamarjveba iyo sakuTar Tavze. isev
Sexeda lampars, isev igrZno
Tvalis Cinis naTeba da gaixara, imitomac, rom Tavganwirva Rirseuli iyo. verc erTi
ideis xelis mTxovneli ase
lamazad ver gaimarjvebda SejibrebebSi.
- ideasaTvis sikvdili Rirdao! ukanaskneli mokrebili
ZaliT iyvira da ise iyvira,
rom mTeli mamuli fexze dadga.
es ganwiruli xma ideamac
gaigona da yvelafers mix-
vda. cremliani TvalebiT iyureboda cisa da dedamiwis
gasayars miRma, iq, sadac uZluria TvalTaxedva, magram siyvarulma sicocxlis miRma
yurebac icis...
da uyurebda Tavis gulis
murazs,
rogor ebrZoda sakuTar
Tavs bednierebisaTvis,
rogor damorCilda beds
gamarjvebuli da zRvis fskerze daeSva,
xolo Tavisi Tvalis Cini
lampar-mnaTobs misca ideasTan
dasabruneblad.
uyurebda asuli satrfos
da mTeli saxe erTob Seecvala. erTguli darCa bolomdis sworfrobis.
uyurebda rogor wamoiRo
talRebma lampari ukan. dumili ar iyo, iyo mxolod Semzaravi siCume, romelic arafers
ambobda ise, rogorc es Seefereba WirisufalTan mimaval
Tanamoziares mwuxarebaSi, araferi rom ara aqvs saTqmeli.
lamparma gadmolaxa cis dasalieris samzRvari. niavi da
talRebi moaCqarebdnen mas
ideasTan, ambavi rom euwyebina misTvis Sesaferisi. ar Camqraliyo Tvalis Cini mnaTobidan, ise miiwevda talRebSi
samzeralis suldgmuleba.
micuravda,
micuravda da sul axlos
micurda naTi ideasTan,
xelis erT gawvdenaze.
acremlebuli asuli Tavisken uxmobda lampars, waiwia kidec zRvidan amosaRebad,
magram, moulodnelad, uknidan
viRacam xeli dastaca.
- ar gadavardeo!- SesZaxa,
rom gamoefxizlebina asuli
sevdiani Zilisagan.
ideas undoda, rom es misi
satrfo da sworferi yofiliyo, ukan moixeda, gawbilda,
mdidrulad Cacmul-aRkazmuli ucnobi mamakaci idga mis
win. Tavi isev zRvisken moabruna ideam da dainaxa, rogor
CaiZira zRvaSi misi da misi
sworferis Tvalis Cini.
cecxlmokidebuli
idea
daubnelda TvalT ideas, wamierad verafers Sexeda. sinaTle rom daubrunda Tvalebs,
isev is ucxo mamakaci dainaxa. mas cxeni gverdze miegdo da gaognebuli saxiT Sescqeroda asuls. mefuri aRnagoba hqonda, mefuradac idga
myarad. yvelaferi metyvelebda imaze, rom ideas winaSe
mefe iyo.
miefera da miualersa miusafars, ambavi gamohkiTxa, ideamac yvelaferi uambo, miendo
ra mis keTilSobilebas. arc
Semcdara, radgan igi, pirvelyovlisa, kaci iyo da mere
mefe. Seebrala idea, ise Seebrala, rom Seuyvarda kidec
da araTu brZanebiT, mowiwebiT
sTxova coloba.
- Cemi sicocxle dagicavso, dapirda, Tuki inebeb da
colad gamomyvebio. mamulma
Sen ver dagicva saTanadodo,
sworferi ki Seni saferi iyo
da ara sworio. Sevecdebi, SenSi gavamTliano Zalac da gonebac mamakacurio. Tuki ar
inebeb, Zalas ar dagatan, mxolod dagicav, raTa Rirseuli da rCeuli gaxdes Seni
qmario, Tu esec Seni neba iqnebao. Tu arada, Sen Sen gzas
naxav, me - Cemsaso, oRond erTi
piroba momeci ara rogorc
kacs, aramed rogorc mefes,
wyalSi ar gadavarde da Tavi
aRar daixrCo, Torem bedad
veRaravin mogiswrebs da daiRupebio.
gagrZeleba,
dasawyisi ix.
`mamuli~ N48-67
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
11
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
dasawyisi me-9 gverdidan >>
aravisTvis fufuneba ar Semiqmnia.
TviTeul mcxovrebs (Cemi sofeli
da saCxeris raionic rom aiRo)
mieca mkurnalobis saSualeba, 7-8
aTas ojaxs saxuravi gamovucvale.
saxuravis gamocvla Tu kacs
gaafuWebs, es ufro misi mentalobis problemaa da ara Tavad daxmarebis ideis. arc is mgonia, rom
Tu kacs saxuravidan wyali Casdis,
mas didi aRmSeneblobis unari hqondes. amdenad, ar vTvli, rom vinme
gavazarmace, Tu saxli gadavuxure
an 200-lariani daxmareba miiRo amiT kacs perspeqtivas ver mouklav.
- es midgoma marto sofels an
raions ar exeba. bevri qveynis Segnebuli arCevania, rom sxvisi daxmarebis xarjze icxovros. SeuZlia
aseT qveyanas raime Rirebulis
Seqmna?
- daxmarebas gaaCnia. dRevandel
istoriaSi, roca dedamiwa dapataravda, katastrofuli sxvaobebia
ganviTarebis da cxovrebis doneebs Soris. afrikas rom unda daexmaro swori teqnologiebiT, aswavlo mosavlis moyvana da swori
warmoeba, rom adamianebi SimSiliT
ar daixocon, amaSi cuds verafers
vxedav.
magram is, rom daxmarebis for-
mebi Zalian xSirad maxinjia da
mTeli saxelmwifoebi, ufro sworad ki am saxelmwifoTa meTaurebi axerxeben am daxmarebebis miTvisebas da valebi mosaxleobis gasastumrebeli rCeba, es, ra Tqma unda,
Zalian seriozuli problemaa.
xSirad ar xdeba Sesatyvisi
kontroli maTi mxridan, vinc arigebs am daxmarebas. is formalizmi,
rac am kontrolSia, aris absoluturad damRupveli da aseTi daxmarebebi arc aris sasurveli. daxmarebas Tan Tu ar sdevs Sesatyvisi
kontroli, jobia saerTod ar iyos.
- romeli kapitalizmis modeli
ufro misaRebia TqvenTvis - amerikuli Tu, magaliTad, skandinaviuri?
- albaT, raRac Sualeduri maT
Soris. skandinaviuri zedmetad socialuria, rac mosaxleobisTvis
SeiZleba kargia, magram isic yvelas
gvaxsovs, magaliTad, SvedeTidan rogor garboda biznesi maRali gadasaxadebis gamo. ase rom, am yvelafers kargi analizi sWirdeba. dRes
imave skandinaviaSi socialuri
dacvis standarti maRalia, magram
arc ekonomikis zrda ferxdeba.
liberaluri ekonomikis da socialuri solidarobis Tavsebadi modelis moZebna dRes bevri qveynis
yvelaze mTavari gamowvevaa.
- kapitalizmis krizisze sau-
bari ukve Cveulebrivi ambavia. ufro radikalur msjelobebSi misi
SesaZleblobebis amowurvazec mianiSneben. Tqven ras fiqrobT?
- dRes rom iyos cnobili (Teoretikosebis doneze mainc), ra
unda iyos Semdegi formacia, amaze
msjeloba ufro sagnobrivi iqneboda, magram aseTs ver vxedav. vfiqrob, droTa ganmavlobaSi pirovnul
doneze adamianis pasuxismgeblobis
sakiTxi moimatebs. Tavisuflebis
xarisxic gaizrdeba da mosaZebni
iqneba forma, rom es qaosSi ar gadaizardos. meti liberalizmi da
socialuri solidaroba mainc
dRis wesrigis mTavar sakiTxebad
darCeba. socialur qselebsac rom
SexedoT, mixvdebiT, rom es upiratesi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebia.
- krizisebi gaxSirda, maTi simZimec imatebs. ra aris aseT dros
saqarTvelosnairi qveynis saSveli
- rogor unda gaumklavdes is krizisebs, romlebze reagirebac erTi
qveynis Zalebs aRemateba?
- damijereT, yvela globalur
krizisSic Zalian bevria pirovnuli. yvelafris saTave ki adamianis sixarbea. ra aris bolo krizisebis saerTo niSani? is ekonomikuri politika, rodesac saxelmwifoebi xarjaven imas, rac ar SeuqmniaT. Tavi da Tavi es aris. igive
msxvili varikozuli venebis mkurnalobis
uaxloesi da yvelaze Sedegiani meTodi tkivilis gareSe!
lazeriT
2177 65th st. Brooklyn, NY 11204
(konsultacia, gamokvleva da mkurnaloba)
1-718-238-1555
berZnebs ra problema aqvT? daxarjes is, rac ar hqondaT (mxedvelobaSi maqvs auracxeli saxelmwifo kreditebi). dRes ki gamodian
krizisSi Cavardnili adamianebi, iTxoven Zveleburad cxovrebas da
Znelia auxsna, ratom aRar gamova
Zveleburad.
da roca msgavsi problema bevr
lokalur wertilSi Seqimna, es
ukve globaluri Tavis tkivilia.
da Cveni erT-erTi problemac is
aris, rom aranairad ar gvaqvs mzaoba
globalizaciisTvis. rom mas angariSi gavuwioT, miviRoT kargi, ganvviTardeT da ara piriqiT, dagvasustos misma garemoebebma.
es Zalian rTuli procesia. miT
ufro maSin, roca ekonomikuri sivrce ar yalibdeba klasikuri Ria
bazris principebiT da monopoliebisa da kartelebis gziT viTardeba. roca erTni maqsimalurad Raribdebian da sxvani Semosavals
iReben. da roca saproceso SeTanxmebebiT ikribeba fuli da ise
finansdeba pensiebi.
- rogor fiqrobT, ra dro sWirdeba reformis ganxorcielebas?
saxelmwifo masStabis reformas
vgulisxmob.
- politikuri reformebi Zalian
swrafad SeiZleba ganxorcieldes.
demokratiuli institutebis gan-
viTarebisTvis 1-2 welic ki sakmarisia. rac Seexeba ekonomikur reformas, es iqneba gacilebiT xangrZlivi da ufro rTuli. swor
kanonebze dafuZnebuli sainvesticio garemos Seqmna ar aris xangrZlivi procesi. magram es procesi rom TviTeulma mosaxlem SeigrZnos (daiwyos samuSao adgilebis Seqmna, gamoCndes grZelvadiani
efeqti), amas dasWirdeboa ufro
meti dro.
- damisaxeleT sami dargi, sadac investiciebs daabandebdiT.
- pirvel rigSi, soflis meurneoba, radgan zedapirzeve devs. Tumca,
demokratiuli institutebis gaZlierebas aranakleb investiciad
miviCnev, rac bizness miscems saSualebas, aaRorZinos ekonomika. saxelmwifo amas verc gaakeTebs da
arc aqvs amis valdebuleba. misi
saqmea kanonebis Camoyalibeba da
swori klimatis Seqmna. es daabrunebs qveynidan gasul xalxs. marto ruseTSi aTasamde qarTveli
movTvale, visac 1 milion dolarze
meti aqvs. mcire pozitiuri sainvesticio signalebic sakmarisia,
rom es xalxi da maTi fuli amoZravdes qarTul biznesSi.
rac Sexeba kidev or sferos,
sadac investirebas gadaudebel aucileblobad miviCnev, es medicina
da ganaTlebaa.
- cota xnis win ambobdiT, rom
wignis daweras apirebdiT. Tqveni
cxovrebiseuli gegmebis Secvlis
gamo es idea xom ar daiviwyeT?
- ara, es idea daviwyebas ar miscemia, mxolod gadavadda. vfiqrob,
rom Zalian martivad da gasagebad
maqvs danaxuli, ra aris yofa da
rogoria adamiani. ratom aris aseTi, ra amoqmedebs, ra amoZravebs.
vfiqrob, rom martivad, magram realisturad maqvs es danaxuli. kargad maqvs dasistemebuli da naCvenebi, adamianis moqmedebis sxva da
sxva aspeqtebi. am wigns mogvianebiT aucileblad davubrundebi.
- bednieri Tu xarT?
- amaze bevri mifiqria (seirnoba da fiqri Cemi hobia, Tumca
sul ufro naklebi dro mrCeba bolo dros saamisod) da isev im
azrze var, rom calke aRebuli
erTi adamiani ver iqneba bednieri
da warmatebuli, Tu warmatebuli
ar aris misi mezobeli, eri, qveyana.
swored am sazogado bednierebis
deficitma gadamadgmevina is nabiji, roca 56 wlis kaci warmatebuli biznesidan politikaSi wavedi.
revaz sayevariSvili
`forbis~ qarTuli
gamocemisaTvis
operaciamde
Semdeg
nawiburebis gareSe!
narkozis gareSe!
eqim
merab boTeris
giwvevT
1 ivniss, paraskevs,
saRamos 7 saaTze
Millennium Theatre
10-29 Brighton Beach avenue,
Brooklyn, NY 11235
bavSvTa dacvis saerTaSoriso
dRisadmi miZRvnil RonisZiebaze
saqvelmoqmedo koncerti
sakontaqto telefonebi: 347-257-2741; 845-642-4823
Tqvens mier Semowiruli Tanxa gadaecema saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos baTumisa da lazeTis eparqiis saTnoebis
savanes (moxucebulTa, invalidTa, gonebadaqveiTebulTa
da mzrunvelobamoklebul bavSvTa saxli)
koncertis msvlelobis dros, onlain-reJimSi
davukavSirdebiT saxls `savanes~ direqtors mama Sio
paiWaZes da saSualeba gveqneba piradad gavesaubroT am
saxlis binadarT.
bileTis fasi 25, 30, 35 dolari
dagvikavSirdiT: 347-737-5403; 347-656-1946; 347-476-8551
qarTuli,
namdvili
sainformacio
mxardaWera:
gudis
yveli
2012 wlis 2 maiss, restoran `nacionalSi~
g i w v e v T
Tanamedrove qarTuli poeziis saRamoze
aq geliT glamoruli garemo, gajerebuli klasikuri
musikiT da poeziiT. niWieri poetebis umravlesoba
pirvelad warsdgeba Cveni diasporis winaSe.
sxva
mraval
nobaTTan
erTad
moikiTxeT
niu-iorkis
maRaziebSi
festivalSi monawileoba SeuZliaT
bavSvebs 18 wlamde.
festivali gaimarTeba saqarTvelos
erovnuli kinocentrisa da Tbilisis
meriis mxardaWeriTa da xelSewyobiT.
festivals aqvs sakonkurso da arasakonkurso programa. sakonkurso programaSi monawileobisTvis aucilebelia
dakmayofildes Semdegi pirobebi:
1. filmis qronometraJi ar unda
aRematebodes 7 wuTs;
2. filmis scenaris avtori, reJisori, operatori, memontaJe (sxva damatebiTi teqnikuri saSualebebis gamoyenebis garda) unda iyos bavSvi;
3. filmis Tematika da Janri ar
aris SezRuduli;
4. filmSi monawile msaxiobi unda
iyos araprofesionali;
5. filmis video da audio formati (xarisxi) ar aris SezRuduli;
6. filmis wardgenis bolo vadaa
2012 wlis 1 maisi.
arasakonkurso programaSi monawile
filmebi SeiZleba ar akmayofilebdnen
zemoT aRniSnul pirobebs.
samZimari
warmodgenil filmebs afasebs kompetenturi Jiuri, romelic gamoavlens 10 nominaciaSi gamarjvebuls. filmebi SerCeviT wardgenilni iqnebian nominaciebSi:
1. scenari
2. reJisori
3. operatori
4. montaJi
5. msaxiobi gogona
6. msaxiobi vaJi
7. epizoduri roli
8. musika
9. grafika
10. animacia
gamarjvebul films gadaecema diplomi
da gran-pri `oqros pepela~. di plomebiT
da fasiani saCuqrebiT jildovdebian nominaciebSi gamarjvebuli filmebic.
festivali gaixsneba 2012 wlis 30
maiss `evropuli skolis~ saaqto darbazSi
sakonkurso filmebis, 31 maiss arasakonkurso filmebis CvenebiT da masterklasiT,
daixureba 2012 wlis 1 ivniss, 17 saaTze
sazeimo dajildoebis ceremonialiT.
festivalis direqtori
irakli jaoSvili
marina giorgaZe ojaxiT TanaugrZnobs nana qaTamaZes udides
mwuxarebaSi Svilis, Tomas gardacvalebis gamo.
naTela mosiaSvili ojaxiT
TanaugrZnobs nana qaTamaZes Svilis da naTela mRebriSvils siZis, Tomas gardacvalebis gamo.
megobrebis saxeliT manuCar kaWaxiZe TanaugrZnobs lili cqifuriSvils mwuxarebaSi dedis gardacvalebis gamo.
nargiza bibiCaZe ojaxiT TanaugrZnobs nana qaTamaZes udidess
mwuxarebaSi Svilis Toma gognaZis tragikulad daRupvis gamo
sabavSvo filmebis festivali
oqros pepela
12
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
kompania `kavkas--eqspresi~
gilocavT
gazafxulis SemobrZanebas
avtomobilebis yidva
Sida transportireba
aSS-Si da saqarTveloSi
sazRvao transportireba
sahaero gadazidvebi
orive mimarTulebiT:
1 paunti - 2.74$ (Cvens ofisSi motanili)
1 paunti - 2.95$ (saxlidan saxlamde)
sazRvao gadazidvebi:
1 paunti - 0.91$ (Cvens sawyobSi motanili)
aveji da didi zomis tvirTi fasdaklebiT.
Location In Brooklyn:
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Tel: 718-934-1700
Alt: 347-500-5037
Location In New Jersey:
123 Pennsylvania Ave Gate 3
Kearny NJ 07032
Tel: 201-333-5555
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSaM1Qk5D8A
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSaM1Qk5D8A
Location In Ohio:
9333 Reading Road,
Reading, OH 45215
asaval
dasavalis
;
onlain-mkiTxvelma daaklikeT
MAMULI
P.O. Box 13121,
Jersey City, NJ 07303
gfhnybjhj,bs
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VFYEXFH RFZF[B't
E D I T O R & PUBLISHER
MANUCHAR KATCHAKHIDZE
musikis mosasmenad
saqarTveloSi `mamuls~ warmoadgens
WWW.MAMULI.COM
mamuliusa@gmail.com sagamomcemlo saxli `asaval-dasavali~
KFIF YFLFHTBIDBKBC patronaJiT
347-724-0770
gazeTi xelmowerilia dasabeWdad 2012 wlis 4 aprils,
aRmosavleT amerikis droiT dilis 8 saaTze.
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
Senc es guli patara
gaxsen Cemo gogona...
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
gazafxuli maxara
pawawina enZelam...
sad xar, Cemo SavTvalav,
uSenoba meZnela.
yvavilebis Tovlia,
avayvavoT fiqrebic,
rogorc zRva da Tolia,
mudam erTad viqnebiT. ioseb
yvelam guli gaSala kvirtmac, vardis kokormac,
qarTuli gazeTi amerikaSi
1
noneSvili
marti-aprili, 2012 N68
asaval-dasavalis gfhnybjhj,bs
redaqtoris
aucilebeli
ganmarteba
gazeTis am nomris gamosvlamde ori dRiT adre adgili
hqonda saredaqcio saqmianobaSi uxeSi Carevis mcdelobas amerikaSi
mcxovrebi Tu moRvawe subieqtebis mxridan.
redaqcia Seecada problemis lokalizebas mSvidobiani gziT,
ise rom ar darRveula saredaqcio Tavisufleba.
Tumca, gvsurs ganvacxadoT - ganmeorebiT aseTi mcdelobis
SemTxvevaSi viqnebiT daundobelni da vimoqmedebT @masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebis Sesaxeb~ SeerTebuli Statebis kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad.
aqve, kidev erTxel mivuTiTebT yvelas, rom redaqcias dauSveblad miaCnia polemikaSi Sevides nebismier organizaciasTan Tu
pirovnebasTan mkiTxvelis interesis sazianod.
gazeTi xelmZRvanelobs Tavisufali presis principiT, aris
apolitikuri, Tumc sazogadoebriv-SemecnebiTi.
sagazeTo kabadonebSi ar gamoxatavs sakuTar pozicias,
ar aris neitraluri,
masSi masalebi mxolod mkiTxvelis SesaZlo Tu arsebuli
interesis Sesabamisad ibeWdeba da SesaZloa ar emTxveodes gamomcemelTa azrsa da xedvas.
redaqcia emijneba saqarTveloSi danergil uxeS tendencias
pirovnuli Seuracxyofebisa da cdilobs koreqtuli iyos adamianis uflebaTa dacvis Tu maTi moxseniebis mxriv.
gazeTis gamomcemlis uflebas vflob Tavad, gazeTi gaxlavT
isev Cems pirad sakuTrebaSi da Sesabamisad ar vaRiareb raime
formiT damokidebulebas romelime politikuri Tu biznes-organizaciisadmi.
gazeTi gaisad aTi wlis xdeba, momaval TveSi ki @mamuls~
Jurnalis saxiT, axal formatSi, saintereso masalebiTa da rubrikebiT ixilavs mkiTxveli.
momaval Sexvedramde!
2
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
winaprebi
mitropoliti
daviTi (kaWaxiZe)
istoriuli eqskursi
saukuneTa manZilze qarTuli
eklesia gmirulad ebrZoda xilul
da uxilav mtrebs, RvTis SewevniT
laxavda maT mier warmoqmnil mraval dabrkolebas, raTa uryevi yofiliyo WeSmariti rwmena pirvelyovlisa berSi da mere erSi. mravali brZola gadaitana qristianobisaTvis Cvenma eklesiam. iyo SemTxvevebi, sadac sityva aRar Wrida
mtrebTan, maxvili aRumarTavs maT
winaaRmdeg samRvdeloebas, raTa arasgziT daeTmo rwmena da rjuli.
jer kidev XIII saukunidan moyolebuli monRolTa, sparsTa da
Turq-monRolTa batonobam sagrZnoblad Searyia araTu Cveni qveynis
saxelmwifoebrioba, aramed TviT
Cveni deda-eklesiac, magram arc
saxelmwifos da arc eklesias TavianTi damoukidebloba ar daukargavs da gverdi-gverd SeTanxmebulad ebrZodnen momxvdurs.
mere iyo da ruseTis imperiam
erTmorwmuneobis droSiT daipyro
saqarTvelo, romelmac TviTneburi
moqmedebiT gaauqma saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia da igi ruseTis saeklesio wmida sinods dauqvemdebara. saqarTvelos samociqulo
eklesia ruseTis sapatriarqos daeqvemdebara saegzarqoso statusiT.
manamde ki:
saqarTvelo Tavis kaTolikoss
Tavadve irCevda da Tavis saqmeSi
damoukidebeli iyo. XV saukunidan dasavleT saqarTvelos patriarqi mcxeTis kaTalikosis uzenaesobas aRiarebda. ase iyo XIX saukunis dasawyisamde. ruseTis sinodma usamarTlo gadawyvetilebiT
araerTi mRvdelmsaxuri moaSora
mSobliur qveyanas. es is samRvdeloeba iyo, romelic mTel Tavis
Zal-Rones da energias mSobliuri eklesiis warsulis kvlevas
andomebda da zrunavda misi damoukideblobis aRdgenisaTvis. ruseTis eklesiis wmida sinodma maTSi
saSiSi pirovnebebi dainaxa da saqarTvelodan gaasaxla. gadasaxlebuli, devnili mRvdelmTavrebi, ra
Tqma unda, deda-eklesiis wiaRidan
Camocilebas ganicdidnen, magram
mogvianebiT mainc saqarTvelos ubrundebodnen da aqtiurad ebmebodnen qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliisaTvis brZolaSi. egzarqosobis
aseqvswlian periodSi saqarTvelos
pirveli eqzarqosi mitropoliti
varlami (erisTavi) erovnebiT qarTveli iyo, danarCenebi ki rusebi
(sul saqarTvelos egzarqosebad
movlenili iyo cxrameti samRvdelo piri).
1819-20 wlebSi dasavleT saqarTveloSi gatarebuli e.w. reformiT Seamcires eparqiebi. 1905-1907
wlebis saxalxo moZraobam Sedegad
is gamoiRo, rom daCqarda saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukideblobis
aRdgena. avtokefaliis xelaxali
mopoveba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebelma eklesiam 1917 wlis 12
marts moaxerxa, magram qarTvelTaTvis am sanetaro viTarebam didxans
ver gastana. qveynis totalurma
bolSevizaciam didi zarali miayena saqarTvelos... daaknina da daaqveiTa qarTuli eklesia... gaiZarcva
eklesia-monastrebi... daxvrites
warCinebuli da mamulisTvis gulanTebuli mRvdelmsaxurebi, Tu
visac sadac waewien... usamarTlo
braldebiT daapatimres, gaasamarTles da karga xniT cixeSi gamoamwyvdies uwmindesi da unetaresi
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarqi ambrosi...
yvelaferi ki 1921 wlis 25
Tebervlis Semdeg dagvatyda Tavs.
saqarTvelos menSevikuri mTavroba
saprotesto notiT mimarTavs ruseTs, magram uSedegod (saqarTvelom
ruseTTan omi waago da amiT damarcxda Tavisuflebis idea yvela
aspeqtSi). ruseTis armiebma yoveli mxridan Semoutia Cvens qveyanas da sabolood dai pyro kidec
igi. saqarTvelom am dros araTu
mxolod damoukidebloba, aramed
Tavisi teritoriebis umniSvnelovanesi nawilic ki dakarga.
masobriv politikur represiebs
inteligenciis saukeTeso nawilis
sikvdiliT dasja mohyva. Cvens saukuneSi eklesiis bedi ar SeiZleba
SevadaroT arc erT sxva drois
da periodebis viTarebas, imdenad
rTuli da gamouvali mdgomareoba sufevda.
sabWoTa xelisufleba - es iyo
mteri, romelmac Zlieri da daundobeli dartyma pirvelyovlisa
eklesias miayena. TviT qarTvelTa
xeliT ingreoda, iwvoda da miwasTan swordeboda saukuneebis winaT
nagebi qarTuli taZrebi da monastrebi, fexqveS gaTeles xatebi da
siwmideebi, Zveli saRvTo wignebi
da xelnawerebi. 1923 wels 1500ze meti eklesia daixura. am aqcias saTaveSi adgilobrivi partiuli organizaciebi Caudgnen. `eklesiebi ixureba adgilobrivi partiuli komitetebis gadawyvetilebebiT iZulebis wesiT. Sejibreba
gaimarTa mazrebs Soris. saqme iqamde
mivida, rom rig mazrebSi arc erTi
eklesia ar darCenila dauxuravi,
zogan ki daungrevelic~, - iuwyeboda `saqarTvelos komunisti~.
`ers ugmoben da arTmeven mSobliur enas, mas ubilwaven mamapapur erovnul kulturas, dasasrul,
mas ubRalaven wmidaTa wmidas sarwmunoebriv grZnobas da sindisis Tavisuflebis droSis qveS
nebas ar aZleven Tavisuflad daikmayofilos religiuri moTxovnileba. misi samRvdeloeba ukiduresad devnilia. misi eklesia - es
Zvelis ZvelTave faqtori saqarTve-
yvela qarTvels eamayeba Tavisi gvareulobis
warmomadgenelTa saxelovneba. yvela Taviseburad
warmoaCens da ase vTqvaT afetiSebs kidec maT
Rvawls eris winaSe.
es kargicaa.
arc erTi keTili saqme ar unda daikargos
adamianTa Tvalsawieris gareSe, miTumetes Tu aseT
sakeTilo saqmeze xeli Sens Soreul Tu axlo
naTesavs, an sulac gvaris moziares uWiravs. vcdilobT kidec davaaxlovoT maTi Rvawli Cvens pirovnul miswrafebebTan leitmotivad imisa, rom
Cvenc ase unda vakeTebdeT da, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi,
maTze ukeT, Tu es Cvens potencials Zalad Seswevs.
es trabaxi araa, es erTgvari keTilSobiluri mizania TiToeuli adamianis.
gvareuloba iseTi ramaa, da mainc qarTvelebisTvis, rom igi imTaviTve individualurad gangawyobs subieqturad mis mimarT. Tvalsac daxuWav
Seni gvaris winaSe. imitom, rom igi Senia konkretulad - Seni Svilis da SviliSvilis da a.S.
eri zogadi cnebaa, sadac yvela jiSis gvari
iyris erTad Tavs. magram gvari - es Seni ojaxia,
sakuTriv Seni, mama-papis saZvale, reliqvia da
ojaxuri siwmideebi. ase magaliTad, Tu ojaxSi
saTuTad inaxeba jariskacis samkuTxa baraTebi
didi samamulo omis frontidan gamogzavnili, is
mniSvnelovani da sapativcemulo SenTvisaa, Torem
sxvagan rom waiRo, imas daekargeba sakralobis
mniSvneloba, radgan SeiZleba sxvasac hqondes aseTive
baraTebi. swored, aseT siwmindeebzea saubari `baraTi sisxlis cremlnatboravi,
beWedi, Zvirfas alTa mTovari,
sayure, tkbilis Crdilis mTxovari -
qadageba uZRebi Svilis kviras
dRes Tqven gesmaT Tqmuli ieso qristes mier igavi uZReb Svilze. viswavloT am
igavidan. uZRebis moqmedebis qveSe unda vigulisxmoT kacis moqmedeba.
Svilma mosTxova mamas Tavisi wili qonebidan. ganeyo mas, warvida misgan Sors, iq
cxovrobda arawmidebiTa, gaflanga Tavisi sacxovrebeli da Semdeg did gaWirvebas
ganicdida. kacma miiRo RvTisgan, zecier mamisagan, qoneba-niWni: goneba, guli, mnebeloba, Rone - da ganeSora mas; masTan mWidro, cxoveli kavSiris daWeras, masTan erTad
cxovrebas amjobina gancalkevebiT yofna, imis nebis asrulebas, imis mier naCveneb
saTnoebaTa ganxorcielebas arCia Tavis nebaze moqmedeba, Tavisi TavmoyvareobiT biwieri survilebis dakmayofileba. amnairis qceviT man warado Tavisi qoneba, dakarga msgavseba RvTisa da amasTan erTad bednierebac. amitom igi aw wuxs da itanjeba
bunebisaganac da kacTaganac.
uZRebi Svili movida gons da uTxra TavisTavs: ramdeni kacia mamaCemTan kmayofilebaSi da me ki aq vwvalob, waval masTan da vetyvi: Segcode, mamav, Zlier gawyenine,
ara var Rirsi, viwodo Sens Svilad, garna mapatie da mimiRe mosamsaxured.
qristiani unda Caukvirdes Tavis mdgomareobas, unda mixvdes, rom ar varga misTvis yofna ganSorebiT RvTisa, rom igi kacur daniSnulebas aasrulebs da bednierebas i povnis maSin, roca ufalTan dabrundeba. mas SeuerTdeba da mis mcnebaTaebr
icxovrebs. uZRebma Svilma Tavisi ganzraxva, Tavis naTqvami sisruleSi moiyvana, aRdga, mivida mamasTan da uTxra mas: mamav, Segcode, ara var Rirsi viyo Seni Svili, garna Semindev, mimiRe, rogorc erTi muSakTagani. - kacma unda Seignos aucilebloba
RmerTTan dabrunebisa, imis wm. nebisamebr cxovrebisa da marTlac unda miiqces imisadmi, unda moikveTos, ganagdos cudni Cveulebani, codviTni midrekilebani da SeiZinos keTilni Tvisebani, unda moi povos msgavseba RvTisa.
mamam didis sixaruliT miiRo uZRebi Svili, Semosa igi da gamarTa lxini imis
mosvlisa gamo. - RmerTic siyvaruliT miiRebs yovelive kacs, romelic isurvebs
masTan misvlas, romelic moiSorebs borot CveulebaT da RvTis nebas daemorCileba, saxarebisamebr moiqceva; ufali mas aRavsebs sasixarulo grZnobebiTa, mianiWebs
Tavis cxovelmyofel madlsa da netaryofs mas saukunod.
maS, Zmano, viswrafoT uflisadmi, gavisworoT xasiaTi, vicxovroT keTilad, SevimosoT saTnoebiT da zecieri mama mogvcems sulis kmakofilebas, Cvens gulSi
aaCqefs uSret wyaros bednierebisas.
qvaSveTis taZarSi, 1910 w.
los erovnuli saxelmwifoebrivi amaRlebis da Zlierebis, dRes
uflebaayrilia imdenad, rom nebac
ki ara aqvs Tavisi SromiT, garjilobiT da unariT moipovos mudmivi saxsari arsebobisa~, - ase mimarTa
1922 wels sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqma ambrosim genuis saerTaSoriso konferenciis
delegatebs. am gancxadebis Semdeg
eniT aRuwereli risxva miiRo kaTolikosma bolSevikuri mTavrobisagan. man Svidi weli patimrobaSi gaatara.
1923 wlis 26 maiss saqarTvelos damoukideblobis xuTi wlisTavze `saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetma~ erTa ligas sagangebod mimarTa: `ispoba da niavdeba
saukuneebiT Seqmnili kulturuli
naSTebi. saqarTveloSi ar gaismis
araTu Tavisufali sityva da azri,
morwmune xalxs locva ar SeuZlia. bolSevikurma ruseTma daangria da gaanadgura eklesia-monastrebi~.
miuxedavad aseTi viTarebisa,
Cvens samRvdeloebaSi iyvnen iseTebic, romlebsac erTi wuTiT ar
SeuwyvetiaT RvTismsaxureba da
mTeli TavianTi cxovrebiT, TavganwirviT ers magaliTs aZlevdnen
uflisadmi siyvarulisas.
ruseTis dampyroblurma politikam biZgi misca qarTvel xalxs
ajanyebaze fiqri daewyoT. saqarTveloSi arsebuli partiebisagan Semdgari gaerTianeba `damkomi~ da
qaquca ColoyaSvilis `Seficulebi~ didxans gegmavdnen ajanyebas.
ajanyebis cecxlmac ifeTqa saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela kuTxeSi,
magram bolSevikurma mTavrobam
umalve moaxerxa misi CaxSoba.
deda-eklesiam am gansacdelsac
gauZlo, radgan icoda, rom yvela
joxi masze gadatydeboda. RvTis
SewevniT man aitana es autaneli
gvema, gadarCa TviTonac da gadaarCina qarTuli sulic. es ki im
sxivmofenil moRvaweTa, RvTiuri
madliTa da mnaTiT aelvarebul
mamuliSvilTa damsaxurebaa, am periodSi qarTul eklesias rom mesaWeobdnen.
eriskacobaSi eqvTime kaWaxiZe
erT-erTi imaTgani iyo, visac fasda-
udebeli amagi miuZRvis qarTuli
sulierebis winaSe. man mtkiced
atara Wapani mamuliSvilobisa da
momaval Taobebs umwikvlod gadasca winaparTagan miRebuli es
maradi saganZuri. igi is didi da
sasiqadulo mamuliSvili iyo, vinc
mTeli Tavisi cxovrebiT dakavSirebuli iyo qarTul eklesiasTan.
mitropolit daviTis
cxovrebisa da
moRvaweobis Strixebi
mitropoliti daviTi daibada
1872 wlis 15 oqtombers quTaisSi. eriskacobaSi eqvTime oqropiris Ze kaWaxiZe - daviTad mRvdelmonazvnad kurTxevis Semdeg moinaTla. man bavSvobidanve miiRo sasuliero ganaTleba jer samegreloSi, Semdeg ki Tbilisis sasuliero seminariaSi. misi rogorc saeklesio moRvawed CamoyalibebaSi didi amagi miuZRvis mamamiss, radgan
igi Tavad gaxldaT mRvdeli da
sakuTari gamocdilebiTa da piradi cxovrebiT cocxal magaliTs
aZlevda Svils.
`daviT episkoposi sadac ki
swavlobda, yvelgan samagaliTo mowafe gaxldaT, saTanado Tvisebebis,
dinji xasiaTis, samagaliTod kacTmoyvare, masTanve swori-marTali
yvela amxanagis winaSe. simarTle
da WeSmariteba mis gulsa da suls
almasiviT etyoboda. igi erTi samagaliTo misabaZi gaxldaT~- werda
zaqaria WiWinaZe mitropolit daviTze.
swored ojaxiT iyo ganpirobebuli daviTis momavali. Tu isev
da isev z. WiWinaZes davesesxebiT:
`daviTs pataraobis drosve etyoboda didi mamuliSviloba. es saocreba iyo im dros kosmopolitur xanaSi, vinaidan maSin qarTvelT mamuliSviloba umecrad mravalgan advilad uaryofili gaxldaT, nametur im dros seminariis mowafeTa Soris~.
daviTi pirveldawyebiT sasuliero ganaTlebas samegreloSi daewafa, swored aq miiRo man is aucilebeli Tvisebebi, rasac wignTan
siaxlove hqvia. misi swavlisadmi
midrekileba, saTanado xasiaTi ar
gamoparviaT sasuliero seminaria-
Si. igi male misabaZ mowafed iqca
aramarto Tavis TanatolebSi, aramed maswavleblebSic ki. yvela megobari cdilobda misgan is Tvisebebi gadmoeRo, rac mas ase akeTilSobilebda.
yazanis sasuliero akademiaSi
daviTs savsebiT gaumyarda codna.
samSobloze uzomod monatrebuli
axalgazrda swavlaSi ioxebda
guls. mSobliuri qveynis da kuTxis lamazi mogonebiT ikvebeboda
Soreul mxareSi. Tumca yovelTvis
gonebiT sjida nafiqrals da grZnobebs naklebad hyveboda. moTmineba
iyo swored misi yvelaze didi
iaraRi, misi nebisyofis mTavari
Zala, romlis meSveobiTac igi yvelafers umklavdeboda. am sityvebSi
iyo Soreuli raRacnairi muxti
- `Tu ginda gamarjvebuli iyo,
daujere naTel gonebas da uaryavi brma grZnoba, ebrZole maT da
ar SegeSindes msxverplisa, romelic brZolas mohyveba. Semdegi
naTeli gonebis moTxovnisa, mudam
brwyinvalea, xolo brma grZnoba
samwuxaro da usaxelo~.
daviTi yazanis sasuliero akademiis damTavrebisTanave dabrunda
samSobloSi. qarTvelma samRvdeloebam kargad icoda misi saTanado
buneba da didi adamianoba. amitomac iyo, rom saqarTveloSi CamosvlisTanave sapasuxismgeblo Tanamdeboba miandes - igi kavkasiis qristianobis aRmdgeneli sazogadoebis
skolebis inspeqtorad dainiSna.
maswavlebloba Telavis sasuliero saswavlebelSi scada (igi aswavlida qarTul enasa da literaturas). daviTma imTaviTve daimsaxura rogorc kolegebis, aseve moswavleTa didi siyvaruli. imereTis
episkoposi gabrieli qristianuli
swavlebisa da zneobrivi aRzrdis
saqmeSi did rols samRvdeloebis
im nawils aniWebda, romelic aRzrda-ganaTlebis saqmes misdevda.
erT-erT qadagebaSi igi werda: `ukeTu Sen xar maswavlebeli, ese igi
gyvanan mowafeebi, romelTa Sen aswavli, anu wignsa, anu romelime
xelobasa. maSin ufro ficxeli
da pirmouTneli angariSi unda
misce Sens sindissa, ra saxiT asrulebdi am movaleobas warsulis
yvelas raime aqvs saxsovari.
Tma, rogorc ganZi ZnelsaSovari,
wigni ram, omiT monapovari,
saferfle, mamis danatovari yvelas raime aqvs saxsovari~.
es saxsovaria konkretuli adamianisTvis Zvirfasi, Torem, sityvaze erekles xmali Cemi gvarisTvisac didmniSvnelovania, Seni gvarisTvisac, imis
gvarisTvisac, da yoveli qarTuli gvareulobisTvis
aris didad saxsovari.
saxsovari marto nivTebi araa. saxsovari TviT
adamianebic arian, romlebsac met-naklebad vaqcevT
yuradRebas. ase magaliTad, romeli gvaris warmomadgeneli ar iamayebda rusTavelis winaprobiT?
amitom ar Semonaxula misi gvari, sruliad
saqarTvelos kuTvnileba rom gamxdariyo!
istoriulma procesebma odiTganve Camoayaliba
adamianTa mcire gaerTianebebi sagvareuloebad da
yvela maTganma Tavisi tradicia Seqmna eTnosTan
SesabamisobaSi, iyo es samefo ojaxis warmomadgenlebi, mefeebTan daaxloebul-danaTesavebuli Tavadebi, did-aznaurebi, aznaurebi, azatebi, Tu glexebi. yvelas Tavisi istoria aqvs. rac ufro didgvarovani iyavi, TavisTavad meti reliqvia grCeba
STamomavals saxsovrad. ierarqiulad, rac ufro
dabali gvaris wridan xar, reliqviac klebulobs,
magram im didi gvarovnis reliqviac da dabalwris
gvaris warmomadgenelis reliqviac Tanabarzomierad Zvirfasia TavTavianTi patronebisaTvis, oRond
raodenobrivi sxvaobaa mxolod, sxva araferi.
reliqvias vambob da nivTsac vgulisxmob da
adamiansac, radgan saxelovani adamiani ganivTebulia ukvdavebaSi.
wlis ganmavlobaSi, gaxsovdes Sen
yovelTvis, ra didi saqme aris mowafis gamozrda, ra mZime pasuxs
moiTxovs RmerTi maswavleblisagan.
maswavlebelma marto wigni, anu
xeloba ki ar unda aswavlos mowafesa, aramed upirveles yovlisa
patiosneba, Sromis moyvareoba, erTi
sityviT qristianoba~.
rogorc pedagogisTvis, patiosneba, sikeTe da RvTis siyvaruli
iyo is ganzomilebebi, romeliTac
spetaki sityvisa da usazRvro
grZnobebis gamoxatviT asazrdoebda moswavleebs, rac ase mZafrad
CaubeWda TiToeul maTgans gonebaSi. sul ori weli gaatara daviTma Telavis sasuliero saswavlebelSi, ris Semdegac igi gadahyavT
samegrelos sasuliero saswavleblis zedamxedvelad. sayvareli pedagogis saswavleblidan wasvla
mtkivneulad ganicada yvela mowafem da ase ambobdnen - `netavi
imas, vinc aramc Tu CvenTan yofniT
gvwrTvnis Cven, aramed marto Tavisis saxelis xsenebiTaco~.
sul male daviTi droebiT ruseTSi idebs binas. igi 1903 wels
solokamenis sasuliero saswavleblis zedamxedveli xdeba, mogvianebiT polockis sasuliero saswavlebelSi gadahyavT. polockis saswavlebels vitebskis sasuliero
seminariis reqtoroba mohyva. imave
wels igi arqimandritad akurTxes.
yvelgan tovebda daviTi RvTivsaTno
madls, rasac kacTmoyvareoba hqvia.
isev nostalgia awuxebs daviTs
da isev samSoblos siyvaruli gaasmagebiT duRs mis sisxl-ZarRvebSi.
cxovrebis kataklizmebSi kargad gaTviTcnobierebul daviTs wadili usruldeba da igi samSobloSi brundeba. misi ganuSorebeli fiqrebi saqarTvelos keTildReobaze, mis naTel momavalze yvelgan Tan dahyveboda da asuldgmulebda. samSoblos tkivils Tavis
pirad tkivilad aRiqvamda. dauRalavma muSakobam Tavisi nayofi gamoiRo. samSobloSi dabrunebuli
daviTi alaverdis episkoposad iqna
xeldasxmuli 1907 wlis 4 noembers. amiT man axalgazrdobis droindeli survilebi da ocnebebi
Seisrula. im dRidan daiwyo man
energiuli Sroma mRvdelmTavris
xarisxiT. daviTi imJamad umeteswilad TbilisSi iyo da feriscvalebis monasterSi cxovrobda.
zaqaria WiWinaZe daviTis Sesaxeb werda: `am dros igi moqmedebda didis WeSmaritebiT da qristianulis Tanaxma mcnebaTa siyvaruliTa. igi iricxeboda maSin bevr
sazogado saqmeTa wevrad, misTanave Sromobda sinodis gamgeobaSic.
mRvdelmTavrobis dros daviT episkoposma mTels qarTvelobaSi male
moi pova patiosani saxeli. mis saxels da cnobebs yvela siamovnebiT axsenebda. misi pativismcemeli
iyo qarTveli, rusi, berZeni, osi
da yvelani, visac ki masTan raime
saqme hqonia da gaucvnia daviTi.~
cxum-afxazeTis episkoposoba
daviTisaTvis 1912 wels miuniWebiaT. samagaliTo mRvdelmTavars
soxumSic samagaliTod daxvedrian,
Tumca arc aq darCenila did xans.
igi imave wels saqarTvelodan gausaxlebiaT egzarqos inokentis brZanebiT da piatigorskis episkoposad dauniSnavT. gazeT `saqarTvelos~ 1916 wlis meeqvse nomerSi
vkiTxulobT: `daviT episkoposs qarTveloba kargad icnobs, rogorc
mousyidvel pirdapir adamians, icis
misi saRi zneoba-azrovneba, icnobs
rogorc samRvdelos da WeSmarit
qarTvel qristians, yovlad pativcemuli mRvdelmTavari gabeduli
da pirSi mTqmeli erTaderTi adamiania, romelic di plomatias angariSs ar uwevs da SeZlebisdagvarad simarTles yovelTvis pirSi
ambobs~.
1917 wlis 17 seqtembers samSobloSi ukve meramdened dabrunebuli episkoposi saqarTvelos sa-
manuCar kaWaxiZe
eklesio krebam urbnisis episkoposad daadgina, 1919 wels ki sakaTalikoso sabWos wevri xdeba. 1921
wels igi jer Wyondidis, xolo
Semdeg baTum-Semoqmedis eparqiaSi
gadahyavT.
`xe ayvavdeba droebiT, xexilsac
moisxams, amiT sargebelic moaqvs,
Tan bunebrivi silamazec axlavs,
magram acivdeba ra, dahyris foTols da dakargavs sargeblobasa
da silamazes. aseTia zogierTi
adamianic - ayvavdeba, magram xeli
Tu SeeSala, dakargavs fass. zogierTi maradmwvane xe ki zamTarzafxul erTnairad gamoiyureba, aseTi unda iyos adamianic. Zlieri
da Sesabamisad gamZle, raTa arc
erT SemTxvevaSi Tavisi fasi ar
dakargos~. aseTi iyo daviT episkoposi Zlieri da gamZle, xelis
SeSlis drosac rom ar daukargavs
sakuTari Tavis fasi. piriqiT, cdilobda yovelTvis naTel momavalze fiqriT daetvirTa goneba.
gasuli saukunis 20-ian wlebSi episkoposi daviTi isev alaverdis kaTedraze gadahyavT, mogvianebiT ki quTais-gaenaTis eparqiis
episkoposi xdeba.
1926 wlis 21 dekembers quTaisis saeparqos dadgenilebis Tanaxmad episkoposi daviTi mitropolitis xarisxSi ahyavT.
daviTis ganswavlulobaze im
dros farTo wreebSi yvelgan saubrobdnen. swored misi ganaTleba
da mwignobroba iyo is mTavari
winapiroba imisa, rom igi sanimuSo RvTismsaxuri gaxldaT da Rirseulad Caibara komunistebis mier
wamebuli mitropolit nazaris Tanamdebobda. mas odnavadac ar SeubRalavs im mZime wlebSi qarTveli
mRvdelmTavris patiosani saxeli.
mitropoliti daviTi warmatebiT
TanamSromlobda rogorc qarTul,
aseve rusul periodul gamocemebSi. mas dawerili aqvs wignebi
qarTul enaze - `kondakis teqstis
Sesworebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb~ (1910w.); `sityvebi~ (1912w.).
maSindel samRvdeloebaSi didi interesiT sargeblobda aseve misi
rusulenovani wigni `Ckjdf Tgbcrjgf Lfdblf~ da `Vsckb dcke[~.
1930 wels igi baTum-Semoqmedis eparqiis mitropolitia.
rogorc zaqaria WiWinaZe werda, daviTi dainteresebuli yofila
qarTvel mahmadianTa ganaTlebiT.
maSin mas qarTvel mahmadianTaTvis
erTi saxalxo wignic ki gamoucia Tavisi saxsrebiT. maTTvis sasoflo skolis gaxsnac ki ndomebia, magram skolis gaxsnis nebarTva
misTvis ar miuciaT da survili
surviladve darCenila.
mitropoliti daviTi quTaisSi 1935 wlis 19 marts gardaicvala. igi quTaisSi petre-pavles
saxelobis sakaTedro taZarSi dakrZales samxreT karibWesTan. misi
mravali saeklesio jildo naTlad
mowmobs didi mamuliSvilisa da
mRvdelmTavris Rvawls Cveni qveynis eklesiis istoriaSi.
yoveli kacisTvis didad sasurvelia, rom icodes namdvili istoriiT Tavisi gvar-tomis yofa-cxovreba,
rogor mivida STamomavlobamde winaprebi,
vin iyvnen gmirebi da mefeebi,
ra sarwmunoebam moatanina maT
Tavi aqamde.
es da sxva sakiTxebi mravlad
awuxebs yvelas, visac guli Sestkiva Tavis samSobloze.
vkiTxulob am didbunebovan
mRvdelmTavris cxovrebis Sesaxeb
da misi ganvlili gzis TiToeuli etapi piruTvnelad pasuxis
gacemaa am Camoyalibebul Tezisa.
TiToeuli wami daviT mitropolitis mier ganvlili cxovrebisa
magaliTia TiToeuli CvenTaganisTvis, xolo mTeli cxovreba - skolaa siyvarulis da saTnoebis, tanjvaT daTmenisa da WeSmaritebis
maradi Ziebisa.
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
3
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
poeti
giorgi kaWaxiZe
gasuli saukunis 20-iani wlebia... mwerlobiT gatacebuli axalgazrdoba erTad iyris Tavs, gadawyvites, axalgazrda mweralTa wre
Camoayalibon. gadawyvetilebas Sedegic mohyva. maTi umravlesoba
universitetis studenti iyo. erT
saRamos sakuTari leqsis wakiTxva
saSualoze maRalma, gamxdarma Wabukma iTxova.
wamodga, qaRaldi gaSala. erT
xans uxmod dahyurebda Tavis
leqss, TvaliT kiTxulobda. bolos
gverdze gadavarcxnil Tmaze gadaisva xeli da Tqva: leqsis saTauria `vatmani~.
yvela smenad iqca. leqsi moiwones. axalgazrda avtors uTuod
eama, magram sixaruli ar SeimCnia.
leqsis avtori 20 wlis axalgazrda, SemdegSi sakmaod cnobili
poeti giorgi kaWaxiZe iyo. suliT
poeti da guliT bavSvebis usayvarlesi megobari daibada 1907 wels
qvemo imereTSi. bavSvoba da yrmoba
giorgim soflad, did jixaiSSi,
gaatara - dedis, bebiisa da babuis
meTvalyureobis qveS, radgan mama
TbilisSi muSaobda da soflad
drogamoSvebiT uwevda Casvla.
cxovrebis av-kargSi gaTviTcnobierebulma Wabukma samSoblosa da
xalxis samsaxuri sapatio movaleobad miiCnia. Tavisi axalgazrduli ocnebebi leqsebs gaando da
ecada mkiTxvelis gulsac am suliskveTebiT Sexmianeboda. leqsebi
jer mis patar-patara krebulebSi
Seewyvnen erTmaneTs, Semdeg da Semdeg
- mozrdil wignebSi.
oci wlis iyo pirveli leqsTa
krebuli rom gamoaqveyna - `Cemi
pirveli ujredi~. is pirveli wignia, xelSi rom daiWira da ase Tamamad SeZlo samwerlo kibis pirvel
safexurze Sedgoma. Tamami iyo misi
nabijebi kibis momdevno safexurebzec... ori wlis Semdeg bavSvebs
saCuqrad sabavSvo nawarmoebTa axali krebuli `Cemi Zma~ uZRvna.
TviT didi Semoqmednic did
xans cdilobdnen TviTdamkvidrebas eris wiaRSi. fiqrTa JRaruniT
lewdnen da lewdnen sityvis kaloebs, magram `kidevac dailewebao~,uTqvams qarTvel poets, mTavaria
saTqmeli mkiTxvelamde guliT miitano, mTavaria Seni nafiqri miseulad maxlobeli gaxado, raTa mkiTxvelma igrZnos... ifiqros da ara
itanjos,- Tavsatexad gauCino kiTxvebi: ratom? visTvis?
erTxel biWisTvis qarTulis
maswavlebels ukiTxavs - `romeli
didi qarTveli poetebi icio~.
patara biWi amdgara da yelmoRerebiT mohyolia CamoTvlas: `akaki
wereTeli, galaktion tabiZe da
giorgi kaWaxiZeo~. maswavlebels
uneburad gascinebia da uTqvams:
`vin giTxra es, aba Sen kaWaxiZis
leqsebic gecodinebao~. biWs Tvalic ar dauxamxamebia, ise upasuxnia: `rogor ara, dedikom miTxra,
me risi Tqmac minda, am leqsebSi
weriao. iswavle da darigebac aRar
dagWirdebao~.
is biWi maSin gulwrfeli iyo...
gulwrfeli iyo kaWaxiZis is leqsebi, romlebic man waikiTxa. poeti momaval Taobas Tavisi SemoqmedebiT ara mxolod codnas, sikeTesac unergavda.
swored bavSvebis siyvarulma
daaTmobina poets yvelaze didi
dro da adgili sakuTar SemoqmedebaSi sabavSvo leqsebisaTvis. misi
poezia swrafad aitaces bavSvebma.
advilad SeiTvises da Seisisxlxorces.
`gqondes wignis siyvaruli,
gqondes swavlis xalisi
codnis mZebnels gamoaCens
bejiToba Tavisi~.
poetma swavlasa da Tavis sayvarel maswavlebels miuZRvna cnobili leqsi `Cveni maswavlebeli~`Segvaswavla ani, bani, Segvayvara
deda enao~,- ambobs igi da dasZens,
rom maswavlebeli Tavs ar zogavs
`Tavs gvevleba, frTebs gvisworebs,
rom Tamamad SevZloT frenao~.
visTvis usazRvro tkivilia, visTvis - mcire naRveli, Tundac
erTi gafiqreba... mSobliuri keraa
is didi safiqrali, romelic poets mRelvare SemoqmedebiT procesSic ar tovebda. misi poeziis erTerTi mTavari Tema, misi Semoqmedebis wyaro ganaxlebuli sofelia
da soflelTa Tavdauzogavi Sroma.
leqsi `miwis surneli~ erT-erTi
imaTgania, romelic g. kaWaxiZem mSobliur sofels miuZRvna. TiToeuli striqoni Rrma lirizmiTa
da siyvaruliTaa gamTbari.
`sofeli iyo Cemi akvani,
wigni siaxlis, wigni siZvelis,
yanas aq Toxi bavSvma davkari
da miwa qveynad ase vigrZeni~.
`saxli, romelSic me davibade,
ficruli iyo farRalala da isliT daxurulio~,- ixsenebda wlebis Semdeg,- iatakad datkepnili
ayalo miwa hqonda, Werad Celtebi. bolos mSoblebma oda-saxli
SeiZines da Zveli saxli gayides.
guli damwyda, am saxlSi dairwa
Cemi akvani da ufro gvian moCituli ymawvili am saxlSi vswavlobdi Wraqis Suqze gakveTilebs
da vocnebobdi araCveulebriv sagmiro saqmeebze.
1925 weli... giorgim maSin xalisiani ganwyobiTa da odnav cremlnarevi TvalebiT datova soflis
Saragzebi, didi jixaiSis cxrawliani Sromis skola.
misi mogonebebi xSirad mSobliuri soflis garSemo trialebda,
soflisadmi siyvaruliT iyo gamsWvaluli: `babuaCemi koxta, Tumca
xSirad avadmyofobda, Sromismoyvare kaci iyo. imisma da gamrje mezoblebis magaliTma mec adreve
Semayvara Sroma. erTxel babuam
Toxi patara taroze moargo, xelSi momca da miTxra: saCuqrad gqondes, aba vnaxoT, rogor moixmaro Semdeg bostanSi adgili gamomiyo
dasamuSaveblad. mec ToxiT movCiCqne da pirveli Tesli, romelic
Sig CavTese, iyo cercvis marcvlebi
- Cems sixaruls sazRvari ar hqonda, rodesac marcvlebi aRmocenda,
mcenare gaizarda da parkebi moisxa. Semdeg wlebSi norCi xeebis
rgva da gaxareba SevZeli. ufro
meti sixaruli vaSlis patara kvirtma momaniWa, romelic nergze davamyeni da gaixara~- werda igi.
gasuli saukunis 30-ian wlebSi
Zlieri literaturuli Taobis
gverdiT poeti giorgi kaWaxiZe
Rirseulad ikavebs adgils mSobliur mwerlobaSi. poets ar gasWirvebia samwerlo sarbielze gamosvla da TavisTavad damkvidreba,
radgan mixeil javaxiSvilis, aleqsandre quTaTelisa da karlo melaZis keTilma sityvebma didi stimuli misces axalgazrda poets
Tamamad eRvawa qarTuli mwerlobis
korifeebis gverdiT. giorgi kaWaxiZe pativiscemiT ganimsWvala maT
mimarT, romlebic niWier axalgazrdas naTel poetur momavals uwinaswarmetyvelebdnen, da asec moxda.
dReebis ritms, Tveebis ricxvsa
da wlebis dinebas mohyva poetis
gamocdilebis dagroveba. Tavidan
iyo Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti. giorgis rCeuli qarTuli enisa da literaturis fakulteti gaxda, mere iyo pedagogikis
samecniero-sakvlevi instituti;
mweralTa kavSirSic datova Tavisi
keTili kvali da saxelmwifo gamomcemlobebSic.
giorgi kaWaxiZe momavali Taobis swavla-ganaTlebas profesiuli kuTxidanac miudga. 1930 wels
erT-erT skolaSi maswavleblad
daiwyo muSaoba. mas pativiscemiTa da siyvaruliT epyrobodnen
kolegebica da aRsazrdelebic, radgan igi iseTive kargi pedagogi
iyo, rogorc adamiani. wlebis ganmavlobaSi ki Jurnal `pioneris”
redaqtori gaxldaT.
wignze, mis sidiadesa da amouwurav mniSvnelobaze, vin icis, ramden mwerals da swavluls gamouTqvams azri, ramdeni leqsi an
moTxroba dawerila. giorgi kaWaxiZemac scada am Temas SesWideboda. cxovrebis gamocdilebam, Tavad
wignidan miRebulma Zalam da niWma
SeaZlebina poets es kargad nacnobi,
sayovelTaod gavrcelebuli Tema
SesaniSnavad daeZlia.
`codna Cemi Zal-Ronea,
sixaruli - wignis kiTxva,
bevri kargi, bevri avi
wigniT vici, wignma miTxra,
mTebi cisken ram aRmarTa,
caSi adgils mze rad icvlis,
miwis gulSi, zRvis siRrmeSi,
Tu ra xdeba - wigniT vici~.
saukuneebi krZalviT ileoda,
wlebi ki wamieri sizustiT STanTqavdnen erTmaneTs. drom mravali
saTqmeli Semogvinaxa. zogi iTqva,
zogi usityvod inTxeoda gacrecil furclebze, sityva sityvas
ekoneboda, strofi-strofs. erTad
akinZuli ki Cvenma droebam samudamod Semogvinaxa. droebam giorgi kaWaxiZis ocdaTeqvsmeti wigni
aCuqa momaval Taobas. `is ubani
da is kar-midamo~ (1943w.); `axali
leqsebi~ (1950w.); `rCeuli~
(1958w.); `swavlasa da sixarulSi~
(1955w.); `malxazebisTvis rac mimReria~ (1959w.) mxolod ramdenimea im ocdaTeqvsmetidan.
giorgi kaWaxiZe Tavisi leqsebiT did qarTvel mwerlebsa da
poetebsac exmianeba. SoTa rusTavelma, Sio mRvimelma, iakob gogebaSvilma, ilia WavWavaZem poetis
SemoqmedebaSi gansakuTrebulia adgili daikaves.
ar aris Zneli adamianSi is
Tviseba aRmoaCino, romelsac Tavad
naklebad aaSkaravebs, magram Znelia
Semoqmedma mkiTxvelis siyvaruli
daimsaxuro, radgan poetis sityvebi
marTali unda iyos da marTladve
unda midiodes mkiTxvelis gulamde. swored is marTali sityvaa
mTavari sazomi erTeuli mwerlis
azrovnebaSi, marTali sityva da
gulwrfeloba erTdroulad. mwerlis Semoqmedebis es aucilebeli
niuansi uflebas gvaZlevs Cvens
mkiTxvelsac gulwrfelni da marTalni viyoT.
giorgi kaWaxiZis sasaxelod
gamarTlda maTi didi imedebi, vinc
poets naTeli momavali uwinaswarmetyvela, igi 70 wlis karibWes
ise miadga, rom mis marTal sityvas
Zala ar mohklebia, siRrme, fesvebi
da xatovaneba ar gauferulebula.
amas mowmobs bolo wlebSi gamoqveynebuli nawarmoebebic wignSi `im
varskvlavebis Suqi~ (1976w.) am
wigns rom wavikiTxavT, Tvalwin
poetis daucxromeli buneba warmogvidgeba, romelmac araerTxel,
siWabukeSic da siWarmageSic, Zalumad gangvacdevina deda-samSoblos
siyvarulis Zvel-axali grZnoba:
`xan sers vamwvaneb,
xan sityvas vrandav,
xan momatarebs
cxra cas ocneba
mainc amqveynad
samSoblos garda
jer ar minaxavs
sxva saocreba.
jer varskvlavebis
ase Semkrebi
sxva ca-firuzi
me ar minaxavs;
ar momivlia
ucxo qveynebi,
arc okeane
gadamilaxavs.
TiTqos bavSvi var,
TmaTeTra bavSvi,
TiTqos vazi var,
Wigos Cakruli,
winandlis zvarSi,
varcixis zvarSi
xelmadliani
kacis Carguli."
xandazmuli mweralic yovelTvis Tavis gmirebis gverdiT dgas
dauRleli da uberebeli. igi Sehxaris yvelas, vinc dauzarelad
Sromobs, visac `SerTvia sisxlSi
surneli miwis~, vinc `qveynis siyvaruls adliT ar zomavs~ da `sixarulis da wuxilis gemo icis~.
`mitacebs maTi
Sroma da wesi,
sindisi, wyaros
CqeriviT sufTa,
maTSia Cemi
simReris fesvi,
Cemi kacobis
Relva da sunTqva.~
swored giorgi kaWaxiZis adamianur bunebas, Tavdadebas, mokrZalebas, STamomavlobis winaSe pirad
pasuxismgeblobas gamoxatavs es
striqonebi. swored aseTi Tvisebis gamo, madlierma mkiTxvelma kargad Seicno da Seiswavla misi
cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis poeturi xibli da Zala, marTali
sityvis siTbo da silaRe.
ukvalod ar Cauvlia giorgi
kaWaxiZis cxovrebas. wlebis manZilze poeti gulidan gadmoRvril
saTqmels natifi, odnav gakruli
xeliT sufTa furclebze werda
TiTqos Tavdaxrili, Cumad momzirali, Sors - usasrulobaSi.
giorgi kaWaxiZe gardaicvala
1979 wlis 30 noembers da igi
dakrZalulia didubis mweralTa
da sazogado moRvaweTa panTeonSi.
werda upretenzio, xanac muzebs
fardagebs uSlida. amboben, muza
TviTon modiso, mas ki xSirad Tavad mohyavda. werda da, ise werda,
rom misi gardacvalebidan ager
ukve ocdarva wlis merec gadamTieTSi vixseneb sanimuSo poets da
gvariSvilobis erT-erT saamayo
warmomadgenels.
manuCar kaWaxiZe,
2007 wlis 30 noemberi
mxiaruli da sevdiani
`sicilis dedofali~
- maxsovs, studentobisas mzias glandebis operacia gavukeTeT da gamosajansaReblad waRverSi gavuSviT. iqidan moiwera:
`Cemo keTilebo! me Tqveni keTilebi... Cems werils pasuxi ar
undoda? xom iciT, rom CemTvis
axla werilobanaa aucilebeli.
unda cdilobdeT, yvelanairad
masiamovnoT da ar manerviuloT,
imitom, rom me glandebis operacia gadavitane... ar unda magas
sicili (ra Tqma unda, icoda,
rom amis wakiTxvisas bevrs vicinebdiT)! ise, ara miSavs - feri
da mada kargi maqvs, magram erTi
ucnauri ram damemarTa. ar vici,
ras mivawero: adre frCxilebi
Zalian rbili mqonda da wamozrdisTanave mtydeboda, axla ki
gamezarda da gamimagrda. nuTu
esec glandebTan aris dakavSirebuli? RmerTo, iqneb cxviric
dami pataravdes, ha?!~
- ise, axalgazrdobaSi ganicdida imas, rom cota grZeli
cxviri hqonda?
- arasodes. piriqiT, rom etyodnen, cxviris operacia gaikeTeo, - ras ambobT, es maWmevs purso! - cnobili msaxiobis, ekaterine verulaSvilis sityvebs
imeorebda (icinis)... mzia gldanSi cxovrobda. erTxelac, masTan
morigi stumrobisas, misvlisTanave samzareuloSi Semiyvana, onkani mouSva da erT-erTi Tbilisuri baiaTi daiwyo. onkani saswaul xmas gamoscemda, iseTs, rom
baiaTisTvis ukeTesi fonis Seqmna,
mTeli seriozulobiT vambob, karg
akompaniatorsac ki gauWirdeboda. mzias onkanze ekida xeli
da ise ostaturad aregulirebda
wylis xmas, SeuZlebeli iyo, moSorebiT myof msmenels SemsrulebelTa maRal profesiul doneSi eWvi Sehparoda. wylis wnevis amgvari musikaluri TamaSi
gldanSi karga xnis ganmavlobaSi
gagrZelda da mziasTan yoveli
stumroba aseTi `koncertiT~
tkbobiTa da gulis wasvlamde
siciliT sruldeboda. damijereT, misi scenaze gadatana rom
moexerxebina, es mzias marTlac
erT-erTi saukeTeso sakoncerto
nomeri iqneboda...
- Tqven Soris ramdeni weli
iyo sxvaoba?
- 5 wliT ufrosi viyavi.
cal-calke gavizardeT, mzia 2
wlidan dedasTan, wyaltuboSi
izrdeboda, me bebia-babuasTan, waRverSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom sakuTar Tavs ZirZvel waRverelad
miviCnev, mzias ki iq stumars
vuwodebdi, rom wamovizardeT da
waRverSi erTad gavivlidiT xolme, iqaurebi CvenTvis ucnob
adamianebs mzias dad macnobdnen,
rac Zalian mabrazebda (icinis).
mere, gamosaTxovar werilSi davwere kidec, erTaderTxel gamaRiziana Senma popularobam, waRverSi mzias dad rom gaacnes
viRacebs Cemi Tavi-meTqi. xasiaTiT ganvsxvavdebodiT da deda
gvetyoda xolme, Tqveni comiviT
mozela rom SeiZlebodes da mere
Suaze gaWra, 2 normaluri Svili
SemrCebodao.
- bavSvobidan makvarancxi iyo?
- aba, ar iyo?! saerTodac, Cvens
ojaxSi yoveli dRe iumoriT
savse iyo. marTalia, mzia gamorCeulad niWieri, talanti aRmoCnda, magram mSoblebis mxridanac
gamohyva genebi. mama iseTi komikosi, parodisti iyo, iseTi mravalmxriv ganaTlebuli adamiani, estradas an kinoxelovnebas
rom gahyoloda, ambobdnen, lui
de fiunesi monagoni iqnebodao.
Cans, mziam mSoblebisgan yvelaferi `wamoiRo~. plastikac ki
mamis hqonda. pataraobidanve, rac
fexi aidga, maxsovs, `taburets~
gadmoabrunebda xolme, Cadgeboda
Sig dedaCemis maRalqusliani
fexsacmliT, kabiT, mis samkaulebsac daikidebda da koncertebs
gviwyobda. mexuTe klasidan
wyaltuboSi, samezobloSi (sanatoriumebis direqtorebi da eqi-
27 ianvars 62 wlis gaxdeboda. gavocdi, ninoobas dabadebuls
mzia rogor daarqves-meTqi? qalbatonma violam, misma dam, romelic
garegnobiT saocrad mivamsgavse qarTvel `sicilis dedofals~, RimiliT miTxra: amaze TviTonac xumrobda, - aba, anegdoti ar aris, aseT
dRes dabadebuls mzias rom dagarqmeveno?!
uniWieresi da energiuli qalbatoni saucxoo iumoriT, SesaniSnavi parodiebiT gagvecno da yoveli gamoCenisas mxolod TiToeuli
Cvenganis gunebaze moyvanas cdilobda - TviTonac gulianad icinoda
da Cvenc gvarianad gvamxiarulebda. Tumca... metismetad naadrevad
wavida am qveynidan da qarTul estradasac daaklda da mayurebelsac. dasevdianebulma Tayvanismcemlebma misgan naCuqari `sicilebis~
sanacvlod, cremlebis zRva gaatanes `sicilis dedofals~...
qalbaton viola kvirikaSvils arcTu didi xnis win gardacvlil
daze laparaki Zalian gauZnelda. cdilobda, mzia kvirikaSvilis xumrobebiT, misi Tundac aqamde ucnobi saojaxo iumoris gaxsenebiT
kvlavac gvexalisa, magram mogonebas mainc didi sevda axlda...
rasakvirvelia, `saojaxo sicilebTan~ erTad.
mebi cxovrobdnen irgvliv) erTi
stumaric ki ar gaiWaWanebda, maspinZlebs sufrasTan mzia rom ar miepatiJebinaT. netav genaxaT, es erTi
cicqna, patara gogo rogor alxenda
50-kacian sufras! erTaderTi, klasikas ver miakarebdiT. arada, dedas
Zalian undoda, mzias klasikuri
musikaluri ganaTleba mieRo. musikalur teqnikumSic iswavla, magram
konservatoriaSi swavlis gagrZeleba aRar isurva. arada, gasaocrad
didi diapazonis xma hqonda, iulia
faliaSvilsa da zaqaria xuroZesac ki movasmenineT; Zalianac moiwones, magram TviTon arafriT moindoma. estradaze undoda simRera,
magram Tavisive vokalis pedagogebma
gadaafiqrebines, amiT bevrs verafers
miaRwevo; amitom airCia is, rac
yvelaze metad undoda da saukeTesod gamosdioda.
parodiuli gamosvlebisTvis
Tavdapirvelad programac ki ar
hqonda, amitom, wyaltubodan wamoRebuli, anegdotad qceuli naRdi
ambebi aqcia saestrado nomrebad.
scenaze axalfexadgmuli, Raribi
repertuaris mqone axalgazrda gogona ki filarmoniis imJamindelma
direqtorma, dorian kitiam ruseTSi,
qalaq gorkiSi dagegmil iumoristul konkursze yovelgvari programisa da winaswari momzadebis
gareSe, faqtobrivad, mxolod niWis
amara gauSva. mere gviyveboda, qarTulad ki vlaparakobdi, magram mayurebeli mainc siciliT Zirs wvebodao. 3 turi gaiara da mesame adgiliT dagvibrunda. sabolood mainc batoni jemal baRaSvilis damsaxurebaa, rom mzia ase daixvewa.
mere leqsebis werac daiwyo da
kargadac gamosdioda...
- es mxiaruli adamiani nuTu
sevdiani ar iyo xolme?
- sevdiani xSirad iyo, gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac meuRles
dascilda da Zalian mZime wlebi
gaiara. miuxedavad imisa, rom me
da deda yvelanairad vexmarebodiT
erTaderTi vaJis - ditos gazrdaSi, ojaxis simZime, ZiriTadad, mainc
mas daawva mxrebze. mainc martosuli, euli iyo. ditom ki Zalian
gaumarTla - kargi biWi dadga da
kargi ojaxic Seqmna, magram ojaxis
gamravlebam axali problemebi gamoiwvia. marTalia, araCveulebrivi bebia iyo, magram upirvelesad, Semoqmedi gaxldaT da sakuTari kuTxe
sWirdeboda, Tundac repeticiebisTvis, programis mosamzadeblad. aseT
dros ramdenime dRiT CvenTan gadmodioda xolme. erT-erTi aseTi
stumrobisas, maxsovs, ramdenjerme
mouwia maRaziaSi Cemi biWis Cagzavnam da, Sesabamisad, dafinansebamac.
moulodnelad filarmoniaSi gamouZaxiaT da Sin dabrunebulebs aseTi werili dagvxvda: `administracias! kidev davrCebodi, magram Zalian meZvireebi xarT. klienti m.
kvirikaSvili~...
- fiqrobT, amerikaSi rom ar wasuliyo, dRes cocxali iqneboda?
- saiubileo weli hqonda - 60
wlis iyo, amerikaSi rom gaemgzavra.
ar mindoda, rom wasuliyo. amis
gamo didi usiamovnebac gvqonda
(cremli moeria. - avt.). veubnebodi, ekonomikuri krizisi amerikidan
modis, ratom ggonia, rom iq ukeTesad wava Seni saqme-meTqi? arada,
aq ramdenime qalaqSi saiubileo
koncertebi hqonda daniSnuli, mag-
`gauRimebeli suli damaqvs,
qveyana CemTvis civia.
sxva ra vTqva, TviTon gulianad
erTxel ar gamicinia~.
ram seriozuli finansuri problemebi hqonda da mainc wasvla
arCia. weras hyavxar atanilimeTqi, TiTqos gulTmisaniviT mivaZaxe... samwuxarod, iqac xeli
moecara. sul mgonia, rom amdenma nerviulobam damarTa is saSineli daavadeba. arc vicodi, ase
seriozulad Tu iyo saqme. megona,
mxolod Trombi hqonda, arada,
meoTxe stadiis simsivne hqonia.
isic, aq rom Camovida, maSin gavige.
amerikidan yvelas ukrZalavda,
CemTvis da ditosTvis simarTle
eTqvaT. iq mama aleqsandre miuyvaniaT, qarTveli mRvdeli da is
amSvidebda Turme, locvebs ukiTxavda. didi nugeSi iyo mziasTvis im adamianis Tanadgoma. aeroportSic gamoucilebia. da
ara marto mas - qarTuli saTvistomo Zalian amoudga mxarSi.
Turme cuca kapanaZe, xaTuna ioseliani da sxvebic gverdidan ar
Sordebodnen.
aeroportSi yvelam gamoacila
da ise gamoeTxovnen, msaxiobebs
rom eTxovebian xolme ukanasknelad - mquxare taSiT. rom
Camovida, miyveboda, - erTi feradkaniani moagorebda Cems etls
da uceb raRac gruxuni gavigone;
Turme taSma igriala da ukan
rom mivixede, yvela tiriliT
mikravda taSso (tiris). xaTuna
ioseliani axla aq yofila. minda,
davukavSirde da misi meSveobiT
samadlobeli werili gavgzavno
amerikaSi. qarTuli diaspora iq
gamoscems gazeT `mamuls~ da
survili maqvs, masSi Cemi werili gamoqveyndes... Tbilisis aeroportSic bevrni davxvdiT. etliT rom davinaxe, mivxvdi, cudad
iyo Cveni saqme. amerikaSi Turme
saWmelsac aRar Wamda. aq mada
mouvida, TiTqos moixeda kidec,
magram... iseT dros movaswariT
misi ziareba, rom veRar laparakobda, mxolod mimikiT agebinebda moZRvars SekiTxvebze pasuxs.
xmamaRla verc Sendobas sTxovda
ufals da vuTxari, gulSi warmoTqvi, - Seminde ufalo-Tqo.
vici, aucileblad ityoda, radgan
ziareba miiRo...
- marTla uamrav adamians daswyvita guli qalbatoni mzias
gardacvalebam, magram cxovreba
grZeldeba. mas Tqven darCiT, Zma,
Svili da SviliSvilebi...
- ori SviliSvili darCa - 4
wlis giorgi da meoTxeklaseli
mariam kaciaSvilebi. biWs mzia,
cxadia, ar axsovs, Tumca amas
winaT ikiTxa: `sad alis amden
xans mzia bebo?~ da - zecaSiaTqo, rom vuTxariT, pasuxma aSkarad ar daakmayofila, radgan mere
kidev ramdenjerme gvkiTxa. Zalian lamazi biWia giorgi da iseTi
artistuli, Tu manac scena airCia,
mgoni, bebiamiss ukan Camoitovebs.
mariamic saocrad lamazi gogonaa da Zalian plastikuri, `erisionis~ studiaSi cekvavs da
kargadac xatavs. ase rom, vnaxoT,
rogor asaxeleben mzia bebos!
irma xarSilaZe
4
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
- saubris dasawyisSive SegekiTxebiT qalbatono marina, saidan
gaCnda es idea da ramdenime sityviT iqneb Tqvens molodinzec gvesaubroT?
- es aris Zalian mniSvnelovani
proeqti amerikis diasporisTvis.
Cven, `CveneburebTan~ erTad movdivarT amerikaSi. pirvel rigSi imitom, rom qarTuli simReris popularizacia movaxdinoT qarTul diasporaSi, adgilze vnaxoT ra donezea mand qarTuli simReris fenomeni, movusminoT bavSvebs Tu rogor
mRerian, CavataroT saxeldaxelo
masterklasebi. kastingis Semdeg,
is bavSvebi, romlebic mogvewoneba,
movamzadoT 6 maisis gala-koncertisaTvis. agreTve gansakuTrebiT gvainteresebs saymawvilo asaki, rogorebi arian... vici, ra Znelia samSoblodan, yovelgvari mSobliurisagan
Sors yofna... maT SeiZleba mivceT
Sansi, rom miiRon monawileoba jeostarSi, saqarTveloSi Cveulebrivad kastingis safexuridan. CemTvis
yvelaze mniSvnelovani mainc diasporis gaerTianebaa, qarTuli simReris mowodeba ise, rogorc saWiroa,
da amis Semdegaa (miyvars es sityva)
davarcxna, axalgazrda Semsruleblebis. mere ukve vnaxoT ra moxdeba.
- rom ar gkiTxoT, ar SemiZlia.
socialur qselSi gavrcelda erTerT JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli Tqveni satelevizio prodiuseris, giorgi xaburZanias intervius nawili, romelic ambobs: - `jeostaramde
jer adrea, misi kastingi zafxulSi
gveqneba, Tumca jerjerobiT ar dagegmila romel qveyanaSi SeiZleba
CavataroT. amerikaze laparaki namdvilad ar yofila, arc Jiuris
romelime qveyanaSi Cayvanas vapirebT~. daibna sazogadoeba...
- darwmunebiT SemiZlia ganvacxado, rom Sedga SeTanxmeba kulturis saministrosa da rusTavi2-s
Soris, danamdvilebiT vici, rom
Cven movdivarT `jeostarisa~ da
`anabanis~ oficialuri logoTi.
veZebT niWier adamianebs, is niWieri adamiani mere risTvis gamodgeba,
es sxva Temaa, jer unda vnaxoT ra
aris amerikaSi, gamigeT, sruliad
axal mindorze movdivarT da ar
viciT ra dagvxdeba. me yovelTvis
vici gorSi ra xdeba, yovelTvis
vici zugdidSi ra xdeba wlis
ganmavlobaSi, ai, Cven saerTod ar
viciT ra xdeba amerikaSi. CaTvaleT, rom es unda iyos moTelva.
marto 200 qarTuli simRera gadavugzavneT amerikaSi organozatorebs, rom iswavlon bavSvebma. Cven
xom ar viciT ras mRerian, egeba
mRerian `baRCaSia gadvixede~ da
ver mRerian rezo laRiZes da biZina
kvernaZes. mere ras vSvebiT?
- Tu Zalian mogewonaT?
- movkideb xels da aucileblad
wamoviyvan naxevarfinalSi. egeba
ise momewonos rom dafinanseba vunaxo, solo koncertiT Camoviyvano.
marto ,,jeostarze“ ara varT mibmuli, Cven gvainteresebs emigraciis
CarTva saqarTvelos cxovrebaSi, aRmovaCinoT adamiani, visac mere aqeTken wamoviyvanT. es bevrad ufro
farTo masStabia, vidre exla me
,,movWra Tavi“ naxevar amerikis emigracias da prikolebSi vaCveno rusTavi2-Si, me xom verc iseTi mkacri
viqnebi, emigraciasTan sxva mopyrobaa
saWiro.
stumrad agreTve modian nodiko
tatiSvili, salome bakuraZe, rom
ubralod aCvenon damwyeb Semoqmedebs, ras miaRwies maTma Tanatolebma. es iqneba pirveli etapi, SerCeviTi, avarCevT Cveni da arasatelevizio xedviT jeostarels, davasaCuqrebT. vimeoreb, SeiZleba ise momewonos, xeli movkido, wamoviyvano TbilisSi, davvarcxno, sakuTari
koncerti gavukeTo.
rac Seexeba xaburZanias gancxadebas. roca es interviu misca,
xaburZaniam saerTod ar icoda amerikis gegmebze. arc unda scodnoda ideaSi, Cven arafers iseTs vakeTebT, rom yvela instancia Cameyenebina saqmis kursSi. me davreke
jeoselSi, raxan Sen xar da Tavad
midixaro, dameTanxmen.
iseTi STabeWdileba damrCa am
intervius mosmenis Semdeg, rom mand
gyavT viRaceebi Casafrebulebi, vi-
sac ar unda es moxdes. me aqedan
vgrZnob amas. aq aravin kiTxulobs
Jurnal-gazeTs saimisod, rom Semdeg
socialur qselSi gaavrcelon. miTumetes, sainteresoa raRa maincdamainc mag sakiTxze sasaubrod konkretulad xaburZanias miadgnen da
ratom ar movidnen CemTan? es aris
musikaluri proeqti da me var am
proeqtis musikaluri prodiuseri.
CemTan ratom ar movidnen? zustad
im kacs miadgnen, sadac iyo Sansi, rom
arc scodnoda da gabrazebuliyo.
- saubris dasawyisSi axseneT,
mkacri ar viqnebio. rogor, Tqveneul Sarms sazRvarze stovebT? Tu
amerikaSic velodoT Tqvens obieqtur simkacres?
- yovel SemTxvevaSi namdvilad
vici, rom iseTi mkacri da momTxovni ar viqnebi, rogorc saqarTveloSi
da TbilisSi var. zustad vici,
rom advili araa cxovrobde ucxo
qveyanaSi da iyo qarTul musikalur xelovnebaSi srulad gamarTuli. zustad amitom movdivarT,
es aris Cveni misia, vnaxoT ra
mdgomareobaa. qarTvelma, sadac ar
unda iyos igi, unda icodes rezo
laRiZis simRera, unda icodes biZina kvernaZis simRera, gogi cabaZis
simRera. es aucilebelicaa.
bevrad ufro mniSvnelovani am
simebis gaRviZebaa, vidre imis Zaxili,
rom ,,jeostarze“ iqnebian... Cveni
qveynisTvis migraciis am uzarmazar
fonze is ki araa metad mniSvnelovani, rom kastingi Cavataro da viRac vi povo, aramed mTavaria Cveni
wvlili SevitanoT emigraciis qarTulad aRzrdaSi, maTTvis musikaluri gemovnebis CamoyalibebaSi.
me vpirdebi qarTul diasporas amerikaSi, rom garda im gala-koncer-
- qalbatono giuli, Cveni emigracia Tvals adevnebs `Cveneburebis~ yovel iniciativas. gasul
wels niu-iorkSi Catarebuli
yovelwliuri festivalic siTboTi miiRo emigraciam. didi
madloba amisaTvis. dRes amerikaSi dagegmili `jeostarisa~ da
`anabanas~ RonisZiebis Sesaxeb
gvsurs saubari. saidan gaCnda
es idea, ra amoZravebda ,,Cveneburebis“ xelmZRvanelobas, roca
amoirCia amerika am proeqtisTvis,
ramdenime sityviT iqneb amis Sesaxeb mogviTxroT?
- mravalricxovania Cveni diaspora, Tqven eg Cemze ukeTesad
iciT, gansakuTrebiT bevri qarTveli cxovrobs niu iorkSi, vaSingtonSi, sxvadasxva qalaqebSic.
Cveni survili iyo, rac SeiZleba aqtiurad yofiliyvnen es adamianebi Tavis samSoblosTan kavSirSi, rac Cvens qveyanaSi xdeba,
maTTvisac xdebodes. bevri bavSvi
ibadeba ukve emigraciaSi, izrdebian ise, rom saerTod ar unaxavT
samSoblo. ukanasknel wlebSi
daiwyo aqtiuri moZraoba yovelgvari qarTulis SesanarCuneblad,
gaCnda sakvirao skolebi, cekvis,
simReris wreebi Tu ansamblebi.
Cven davdivarT, vnaxulobT da
gvixaria, rom kargad muSaoben
Cveni saelCoebic, rom TviTon
giuli alasania:
diasporebSi aRmoCndnen aqtiuri
adamianebi, romlebic Tavis Tavze
iReben finansur Tu organizaciul
mxareebs.
- rogor moxda festival `Cveneburebisa~ da `jeostaris~ daaxloeba amerikuli proeqtis farglebSi? ratom konkretulad ,,jeostari“ an ,,anabana“? ras hpirdebiT amerikaSi dabadebul bavSvebs?
- `jeostari~ araqarTuli, magram nayidi programaa da aris Zalian popularuli, warmatebuli. Zalian bevrs, vinc ar cxovrobs amJamad saqarTveloSi da sxva qveynebSi arian, gauCndaT survili monawileebi gaxdnen am proeqtisa, Cvenc
amis survili gvaqvs. TandaTan mo-
iZebneba albaT ukeTesi variantebic,
daixveweba, sponsorebsac kidev ufro moviZiebT, muSaoba gagrZeldeba am mimarTulebiT, magram am etapze
iqneba pirveli cda, mosinjva axal
qveyanaSi. ,,jeostaris“ logo Camodis amerikaSi. agreTve is adamianebic Camovlen, vinc bolo wlebia
Semomqmedi axalgazrdobis majiscemas ayuradeben. `jeostari~ saqarTveloSi xangrZlivi procesia, is
vinc diasporaSi cxovrobs, imaTTvis es Zalian rTuli iqneba, rom
CamoviyvanoT es adamianebi da Tundac Tveebi vacxovroT... es, SeuZlebelia, ver moxerxdeba. amitom,
is rac amerikaSi gakeTdeba, iqneba
daaxloebiT 10 dRiani turi, iqneba maTi mosmena, SerCeva, swavleba
da es yvelaferi dagvirgvindeba
gala-koncertiT, romelic gaSuqdeba qarTuli televiziiT. garda
amisa `,,Cveneburebis“ festivali
yovelwliurad tardeba saqarTveloSi da qveynis gareTac, am konkursis gamarjvebulebs moviwvevT
festivalSi monawileobis misaRebad. Cveni survilia, rom isini
rac SeiZleba xSirad iyvnen Tavis
qveyanaSi, maqsimalurad yvelaferSi
monawileobdnen, iyvnen im samyaros
nawili, rasac samSoblo hqvia.
Cven vagrZelebT fiqrs sxva axal
proeqtebzec. ar aris advili amerikaSi Camosvla, bevr ramesTan aris
dakavSirebuli, Tumca survili
yovelTvis gvaqvs, imitom rom,
viciT, mand bevri adamiani gvelodeba. cota xnis win italiaSi
gaimarTa `Cveneburebis“ koncertebi... mTeli darbazi qviTinebda, darbazi da scena gaerTianda,
yvela erTad mReroda da cekvavda. es adamianebi gveubnebodnen,
rom Cven es emociebi gagvyveba
Tveebio.
- saubris dasasruls, ras
usurvebT Cveni qarTuli emigraciis TiToeul wevrs, samSoblodan myof dedebs, mamebs, Svilebs?
- me vusurveb es adamianebi
iyvnen Zalian warmatebulni, rom
maT uyvardeT Tavisi samSoblo
pirvel rigSi, rac SeiZleba xSirad Camovidnen. vici, ver xerxdeba, rom yvelani exlave dabrundnen da icxovron saqarTveloSi,
magram sadac iqnebian, visurvebdi
warmatebulebi iyvnen. realurad,
TiToeuli wasuli warmatebuli adamiani, Zalian mniSvnelovania Cveni samSoblosaTvis, isini
Cveni nawili arian da Tavisi
warmatebiT exmarebian Cvens qveyanas. kargia, rom miecaT adamianebs imisi SesaZlebloba - gavidnen, bevri naxon, bevri SeiZinon,
ganaTleba, gamocdileba da es
yvelaferi daubrundeba isev
Cvens samSoblos.
- Cveni megobroba maZlevs imis
uflebas, pirdapir gkiTxo: aseT
warmatebul biznesmens ram gadagawyvetina energia da finansebi
Cagedo, Riad vTqvaT, aramomgebian
proeqtSi?
- piradad, bevri mizezi maqvs
imisTvis, rom monawileoba miviRo da Sevqmna aseTi proeqtebi.
pirvel rigSi Cveni qveynis, Cveni
samSoblos siyvarulia, Cveni enis,
qarTuli kulturis, qarTuli
simReris da Semdeg im niWieri
axalgazrdebis siyvarulia, romlebic ibadebian amerikaSi da war-
moadgenen Cveni qveynis saxes am
qveyanaSi. Tumca, es ar aris mTavari mizezi, mniSvnelovani mxolod
isaa, rom mec, rogorc yvela adamiani, sakuTar momavalze, sakuTar Svilebze vzrunav. es garkveulwilad
budis Seqmnis princi pia, radgan
jer Svilebi ar myavs. albaT, aqedanve, am formiT vakeTeb imas, rac SemiZlia - vamzadeb janmrTel garemos, sadac Cemi Svilebi, Tqveni Svilebi da saerTod yvela amerikaSi
dabadebuli qarTveli icxovrebs.
- ratom `jeostari~?
- es aris proeqti, upirveles
lana
quTaTelaZe:
- Cven 10 dRiT CamovdivarT
amerikaSi, mcire dro gvaqvs imisaTvis, rom gavecnoT iqaur emigracias, magram didi siamovnebiT movismenT yvela msurvels, movusmenT
Zalian yuradRebiT da SevecdebiT,
rom maqsimalurad gavaRvivoT maTSi simReris survili da SevayvaroT qarTuli musika. ZiriTadad
Cveni misiaa, rom gavecnoT iqaur
emigracias da Tu aRmovaCenT iseT
adamians emigrantebs Soris, romelsac CavTvliT rom namdvilad aqvs
imis potenciali, rom miiRos qarTuli kastingebSi monawileoba,
Cven mas aucileblad miviwvevT.
rac Seexeba anabanas, am proeqtis avtori Tavad gaxlavarT. aqedan
gamomdinare, Cven am emigrantebis proeqtSi monawileobis segmenti
yovelTvis gvqonda da iyo ganuyofeli nawili.
anabanas yvela sezonze gvyavda sxvadasxva qveynebidan emigranti
qarTvelebi, rogorc monawileebi am proeqtis da yovelTvis gvixaroda maTi monawileoba. me gaxlavarT moxaruli rom ukve Tavad meZleva imis SesaZlebloba, Camovide amerikaSi adgilze da iqve movismino
bavSvebi (maT sacxovrebel garemoSi) da siamovnebiT davpatiJeb TiToeul
bavSvs, romelic mogvewoneba am proeqtisaTvis.
- TqvenTvisac pirveli vizitia SeerTebul StatebSi?
- diax, pirvelad Camovdivar. raRa dagimaloT da ukve vcdilob
brodveis speqtaklebze bileTebis dajavSnas, ramdenadac movaswrebT
da SevZlebT. amerikaSi moxvedra didi bednierebaa da kargi Sansia nebismieri musikis sferosTan miaxloebuli adamianisaTvis. monawileobas miviReb yvela im RonisZiebaSic, romelsac dagvigegmavs diaspora.
`jeostari~ da ,,anabana“ amerikaSi~ - ase ewodeba saerTaSoriso festivali ,Cveneburebis“ da fond `qarTuli amerikis" axal proeqts,
romlis SesarCevi turi mimdinare wlis 30 aprilsa da 1 maiss Catardeba, xolo mayurebeli maT daskvniT gala-koncerts ixilavs 6 maiss,
`mileniumis~ sakoncerto darbazSi. orive proeqti qarTul telesivrceSi warmatebuli musikaluri proeqtia, romelTa saSualebiT qarTvelma sazogadoebam araerTi profesionali momRerali SeiZina. amerikasa da kanadaSi am Sous mizania aRmoaCinos da warudginos qarTvel
mayurebels samSoblodan Sors, emigraciaSi myofi niWieri axalgazrda Semsruleblebi.
Jiuris wevrebi ukve cnobilia. Jiurs qalbatoni marina beriZe uxelmZRvanelebs, agreTve wevrebad vixilavT qalbaton lana quTaTelaZes da baton nika raWvels( memaniSvils). koncerts wauZRvebian jeostarelebi - salome bakuraZe da nodiko tatiSvili.
am proqtis samzadisSi, kulisebSi gazeT `mamulis~ redaqciam `SeiWyita~ da telefoniT daukavSirda qalbatonebs - marina beriZes,
lana quTaTelaZes, festival `Cveneburebis~ prezidents - qalbaton giuli alasanias, vice-prezidents - qalbaton darejan kuxianiZes, fond
`qarTuli amerikis~ xelmZRvanels - baton guram SalutaSvils.
maT saxeldaxelo interviuebs qvemoT gTavazobT.
mkacri da momTxovni
fh dbmyt,b!
guram
guram
SalutaSvili:
SalutaSvili:
- Tqven Tavad brZandebodiT
mowme SarSandeli Cveneburebis
RonisZiebisa, romelic CavatareT
niu iorkSi, vaSingtonsa da filadelfiaSi. gaxsovT albaT, maSin daibada idea es urTierTobebi gagrZelebuliyo. konkretulad `anabanaze~ da `jeostarze~
ar gvifiqria, magram imdenad Tbili Sexvedra mogviwyves maqaurma
qarTvelebma, iseTi bednierebi wamovediT, rom gadawyviteT kidev
bevrjer gagvexarebina qarTuli
emigracia. maSin Cven gavicaniT
adamianebi, davmegobrdiT, urTierToba davamyareT sazRvargareT
mcxovreb qarTvelebTan, Cveni mizanic xom es aris? Zalian lamazi fraza sTqva maSin Cvenma elCma,
batonma Temur iakobaSvilma: `roca qarTveli ver midis samSobloSi, samSoblo modis maTTan
am festivalis saxiTo~. vcdilobT, rom samSoblo miviyvanoT amerikel qarTvelebTan da gansakuTrebiT bavSvebTan, romelTac qarTulic ar ician. vici, rom ukve
ramdenime sazogadoeba, koleqtivi
arsebobs amerikaSi - qarTul
cekvas swavloben bavSvebi, simRerebsac swavloben. wels CvenTan
festivalze iyo Camosuli qalbatoni Tamar daviTaSvili, ro-
marina beriZe
tisa, romelsac Cven 6 maiss CavatarebT `mileniumis~ darbazSi, es
iqneba saintereso master-klasebi,
aseve saintereso gakveTilebi, romelic aucileblad gaSuqdeba qarTuli televiziiT da iqneba praqtikulad Cveni pirveli Sexeba emigraciasTan `Cveneburebis~ egidiT,
pirveli Sexeba im mxriv, rom pirvelad vnaxulobT, ra mdgomareobaa
amerikaSi am mxriv.
- piradad, es Tqveni pirveli
vizitia SeerTebul StatebSi?
- me arasodes vyofilvar amerikaSi, amitomac molodini didia.
rasac vkiTxulob, rasac vxedav
mTeli cxovrebis manZilze, es aris
qveyana, romelic pirvel rigSi did
Tavisuflebas aZlevs adamians niWis
gamovlinebis, amitomac gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa Cveni Camosvla,
vnaxavT vin rogor mReris, rogor
stimuls aZlevs es Tavisufleba
maT SemoqmedebaSi...
- rogorc musikosi, ramdenad
gegmavT datvirToT es viziti Tundac brodveis miuziklebis naxviT?
- aucileblad, CvenTan erTad
modis nika memaniSvili, romelic
ubadlo ostatia amisa, ramodenimejer yofila amerikaSi, isic Sepirebulia, rom vnaxavT TiTqmis yvela
mniSvnelovan miuzikls. CvenTvisac
es iqneba didi nabiji win, radgan
saocneboa Seexo im qveynis xelovnebas, romelic mTels msoflioSi
aris wamyvani.
- momaval Sexvedramde..
yovlisa, qarTul sulze gaTvlili, radgan TiTqmis yvela nawarmoebi, yvela hangi Tu sityva, qarTulia. amerikaSi qarTveli bavSvebis
didma nawilma araTu srulad, saerTod ar ician qarTuli da yvelaze metad es proeqti daaxlovebs
maT qarTul enasTan, qarTul xelovnebasTan. garda imisa, rom es bavSvebi monawileobas miiReben qarTul
proeqtSi (SesaZlebloba eZlevaT
gaxdnen qarTuli Soubiznesis nawili), agreTve es iqneba saukeTeso momzadeba amerikuli proeqtebisTvisac, radgan TiTqmis yvela
proeqti erTi principiT muSaobs.
- ra suraTi gvaqvs am samuSao procesSi, registracias vgulixsmob?
- Cvenma organizaciam da partniorebma Zalian mkveTri politika CamovayalibeT am kuTxiT.
sruli pasuxismgeblobiT minda
giTxraT, rom Tavadac ar vici
vin Rebulobs monawileobas. Cven
SevZeliT diasporaSi gvenaxa adamiani, visac vendeT da vandeT es
sapasuxismgeblo saqme. natali
goderZiSvili aris is erTaderTi adamiani, romelmac icis monawileebis vinaoba da raodenoba.
- saintereso iqneboda mogeTxroT xmis micemis sistemis Sesaxebac. rogor warmogidgeniaT
es amerikaSi? vin arCevs gamarjvebuls? rogor moxdeba xmebis daTvla?
- unda gaviTvaliswinoT is, rom
aq ori proeqti muSaobs erTdroulad. anabanas da jeostars erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebuli teqnikuri
procesi aqvs muSaobis. saerTod
isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom
es proeqtebi sruli saxiT ver
imuSavebda amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, drois resursebis gamoc.
es aris erTgvari versia amerikisTvis. vTvli, rom soliduri Jiuri Camodis, iqneba ordRiani SesarCevi turi, sruliad daxuruli,
sadac Jiuri damoukideblad SearCevs 6 jeostaris da 6 anabanas monawiles safinalo koncertisTvis. 3-3 gamarjvebulis SerCeva moxdeba gala-koncertze Jiurisa da `esemesis~ meSveobiT.
`esemesi~ gadawyvetilebis 4050 procents Seadgens da TiToeul monawiles eqneba Tavisi nomeri, romelzec damswre mayurebeli SeZlebs xmis micemas darbazSi, es monacemebic adgilzeve,
virtualuri programebis saSualebiT daiTvleba da Jiuric
gaiTvaliswinebs mayureblis survils.
- am intervius axla Tqveni
konkursis potenciuri monawile
an maTi mSobeli SeiZleba kiTxulobdes. ras mouwodebdiT maT?
- es axalgazrda Taobis proeqtia, SesaZleblobaa Seexon qarTul simReras, saqarTvelos, gaxdnen am procesis monawile. darwmunebuli var, monawileTa did
nawils Tavi warmoudgenia qarTul simReraSi da vTvli, rom
es saukeTeso SesaZlebloba iqneba
maTTvis. kidev erTi mniSvnelovani sakiTxi gaxlavT samarTlianobis momenti - gadawyvetilebas
Rebulobs xalxi da Jiuri erTad. mimaCnia, rom Jiuris am Semadgenlobas xalxis ndobis didi
faqtori gaaCnia saqarTveloSi.
darejan kuxianiZe:
melmac Camoiyvana ramdenime bavSvi
,,Tamarianidan”, didi warmateba hqonda maT mier Sesrulebul simReras `jorjia~. am kontaqtebma da
gansakuTrebiT fondma `qarTuli
amerika~ SemogvTavaza es kulturuli urTierTobebi, daibada azri,
rom `anabana~ da `jeostari~ amerikaSi mcxovrebi qarTveli bavSvebisTvis, mozardebisTvis Camogvetana.
pirobiTad vambob Camogvetana, anu
am proeqtebis raRac nawili ganxorcielebuliyo mand.
mogexsenebaT, rodesac `jeostari~ iwyeba, organizatorebi dadian
saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSi,
amowmeben axalgazrdebs, SerCeviT
turebs atareben da Semdeg xdeba
maTi Camoyvana ukve dedaqalaqSi.
warmovidginoT, rom es saqarTvelos
kuTxea, mand xom patara saqarTveloa, ase ar aris? Cven mxars gviWers
saqarTvelos kulturisa da diasporis saministroebi. diasporis
saministro yovelTvis dainteresebulia sazRvargareT mcxovreb qarTvelebTan urTierobiT, miTumetes
es kulturuli urTierToba moswonT, aseve kulturis saministrosTvis es aris kulturuli proeqti - qarTuli simReris, qarTuli
kulturis popularizaciis sazRvargareT da gansakuTrebiT bavSvebSi, siyvaruli qarTuli simRerisa, es xom Zalian mniSvnelovania.
Cven yoveldRiuri kontaqti
gvaqvs Jiuris warmomadgenlebTan,
mogexsenebaT aqedan mobrZandebian
qalbatonebi marina beriZe, lana
quTaTelaZe, batoni nika raWvelimemaniSvili, manana morCilaZe, ori
jeostareli. seriozulad muSaoben
ukve aq da gvaqvs samuSao urTierToba `qarTul amerikasTan~, baton guram SalutaSvilTan da qalbaton ekaterine SveliZesTan. es
urTulesi Sromaa, miTumetes mand,
rTulia saerTod kulturuli
proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, yvela
Sromobs, yoveli wuTi aqvT gansazRvruli, yoveli dRe gawerili... baraqala maT, rom mainc
cdiloben bavSvebi ar moswyviton qarTul samyaros, qarTul
simReras, qarTul xelovnebas
aziaron.
Zalian mawuxebs is, rom bavSvebi swavloben amerikul skolebSi, TandaTan iviwyeben qarTuls, mSoblebi ki elaparakebian, magram weras, kiTxvas xom
mainc sxva mniSvneloba aqvs?
bavSvi unda gaizardos rusTavelze, vaJaze, unda gaizardos
galaqtionze, unda icodes qarTuli mwerloba, qarTuli musika,
qarTuli folklori da amas
rom arian mowyvetilebi, Zalian
ganvicdi.
didi madloba manuCar, vici
rom did qarTul saqmes akeTebT,
Jurnalisti brZandebiT da obieqturad aSuqebT yvelafers. Zalian didi madloba am saqmianobisTvis.
- uRrmesi madloba.
- momaval Sexvedramde, mokiTxva ,,qarTul amerikas“, bavSvebs,
yvelas, vinc monawileobas miiRebs am SesaniSnav da saWiro
RonisZiebebSi.
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
5
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
- ra aris monatreba?
ar minda movixmo sityva `nostalgia~, rameTu masSi dardic igulisxmeba, sinanulic, erTgvari melanqoliac.
monatreba ki, raRac ufro sxvaa,
- faqizi, ufro naTeli, is, rac
`erTxel cxovlad suls daaCndebis~, rac SenSia mudam, rac ar geTmoba, - erTi sityviT, monatreba
SeiZleba mxolod imis, rac giyvars.
siyvaruli ki, xom sityviT gamouTqmeli da auxsnelia. ra kargad
Tqva poetma:
`Cemi Tbilisi da firosmani,
ar vici, ase ram Semayvara.~
aseve, dauviwyaria is gaoceba
da aRtaceba, ZvelTbilisuri surneli rom axlda: `rad miyvarxar...~,
romelsac mohyveboda xolme CamoTvla yvelanairi xiblisa, maT Soris
- `imitom, rom es dunia beWedia
da am beWdis didi Tvali Sena
xar!~, TumcaRa, amaod, rameTu bolos
isev ismoda Tbilisqalaqur kiloze is miamiti SekiTxva da wrfeli
pasuxic erTdroulad:
`bemurazi viyo, Tu vicode!~
am sityvebSi TiTqos Cveni gulisTqmac ixateboda.
da gviyvarda dedamdinaris,
mtkvrisgayolebaze Sefenili Tbilisqalaqi - ciskris varskvlavze
JriamuliT gaRviZebuli da saRamo xans, mzis Cabindebisas idumalebiT moculi, amqveyniur codomadlze fiqris aRmZvreli, dardimandi da dardianic, enamWevri da
sityvaZviric, loTiani da SfoTiani, marTali da pirumtkicoc, saxemcinari da moRrublulic, Sublgaxsnili da warbSekrulic, xumara da damcinavi da, imavdroulad,
alersiani da Tanamlmobelic... iqneb amitomac arasodes mohklebia
Tbiliss trfiali da mexotbe yvela erisa da modgmis kacTagan,
me ki aq mainc Cveni sisxlismieri
poetis, giorgi xuxaSvilis, Cveni
sayvareli giglas simReris sityvebs gavixseneb:
`erTi dRiTac rom dagtovo,
momenatrebi,
sulSi mudam Srialeben
Seni Wadrebi~...
xedavT, aqac `monatrebaa~, anu
isev is, rasac ver Tmob, ver elevi,
- `rac erTxel cxovlad suls
daaCndebis~.
gana ara, yoveli Cvenganis sulSi
bavSvobidanve xmianobda poeturad
maRali da filosofiuri `fiqrni
mtkvris piras~: `vin icis, mtkvaro,
ras butbuteb, visTvis ras ityvi...~,
magram aseve, bediswerasaviT mudam
Tangvdevda dudukis sevdian hangze
ZvelTbilisurad Tqmuli:
`mtkvari Caudis Tbilis-qalaqs
Cvens dards waiRebs,
Cvens fiqrs waiRebs,
Cveni gulis murazs waiRebs,
bolos, iqneba da,
Cvenc Tan wagviRebs...~
da TiTqos marTla mihqonda da
mihyveboda guljavrian mtkvris dinebas Tbilisis ganumeorebloba, aqvarelis ferebiviT irecxeboda da
iSleboda misi araCveulebrivi xiblis konturebi da saxe-ieri. axla
Tbilisi, ragind ar unda vcdilobdeT mis idealizirebas, erTi ganaxlebuli, Tanadrouli qalaqia, SesaZloa, Tavisi landSaftiTa da
bunebiT marTla gamorCeulad lamazi da mimzidveli, magram mainc
iseTi, analogi sxvaganac rom daeZebneba. Tbilisis ganumeoreblobasa
da erTaderTobas ki, qmnida misi
Zveli ubnebis nairferoba, maTi auwereli TviTmyofoba da koloriti:
Wreli da aTassjuli xalxiT mozimzime maidani - marTla im Jamuxsovari babiloniviT enebaRreuli
da codvisSvilobiT daRdasmuli;
Rvinis rumbebiani sirajxana da
sufsarqisis qarbuqisagan SeboWili
xarfuxi; aSpaSxana da nariyala;
quCabandebiani CuRureTi da yomarbazebis sabudari tiali xojevanqi;
mzisagan daWorflili SaiTani da
bazazxana; SeRmaTiani feTxaini da
sololaki; xelosanTa riye da bambisrigi; orTaWalis baRebi da
mtkvris gaRma kldidan almacerad
gadmomzirali avlabari; `pirdabanili~ kopwia zemeli da bohemuri
verisubani...
da, raRa Tqma unda, iyo e. w.
aristokratiuli Tbilisic, `patara parizs~ rom eZaxdnen, Tavisi
movardisfro-moiisfro, evropuli
ti pis CuqurTmebiT damSvenebuli
saxlebiT, konkis gzebiT gaserili
golovinisa da mixaelis prospeqtebiT, TeatrebiT, `odeon~-`iluzionebiT~, samorinoebiT; brolis WaRebiT gabRvrialebuli samejlisoebiT, musikalur-literaturuli
salonebiT... aq ismoda klavisinebisa Tu fortepianoebis akompanementiT saopero ariebi, sonatebi,
serenadebi, baiaTebis wil - neapolitanuri simRerebi, `baRdaduris~
nacvlad `mazurkebs~ cekvavdnen Tavmomwone da narnari wyvilebi `qmnulni keTil friad~; sufrebze
iRvreboda darbaisluri `mraval
Jamier~ da modernuli - `alaverdi, gospod staboiu~, xelidan xelSi gadadioda azarfeSebi - sevadiani vercxlis Tasebi da aseve
satuCeboze movercxlil-movarayebuli uSvelebeli yanwebi... aq gaismoda sakuTari gvarisSvilobiT amayi da ruseT-evropamovlili `pietikosis~, vaxtang orbelianis `ar gamagonoT dafa-zurnis
hangi veluri,
Cems TbilisSi var, daukariT
tkbilqarTveluri~.
diax, esec iyo, iyo da masac
`Zveli Tbilisis bohema~ hqvia.
da ara mis paralelurad an misgan
gancalkevebulad, aramed masTan Serwymulad, rogorc erTsul da erTxorc, iyo demokratiuli Tbilisqalaqi - dReniadag mklavmouRle-
li da muxlCauxreli maSvrali,
Sublsa da mkerdze dadenil oflSeumSrali da mainc gulgautexeli, romantikulad rom RiRinebda:
`mTvarian Rames Zili Cemi
mkrTalia,
usayvarlod guli Cemi, vaih, - mkvdaria...~
da alalad gulidan amoxeTqili:
`Sen arzrumis ciskari xar,
gulnara!..~
da am aRmosavlur-dasavlur, evropul-amierkavkasiur ekleqtikas
Tu namdvil Tbilis-qalaquri sulis mTlianobas mudam aRtacebaSi mohyavda yvela, da rac mTavaria, aocebdaT da aognebdaT mis
mravalferovnebaSi davanebuli da
mkveTrad gamovlenili erovnulsarwmunoebrivi Semwynarebloba, simbolurad rom gamoixata miwis erT
mtkavelze dateuli sami religiuri siwmindis - qristianuli sionis taZris, iudevelTa sinagogisa
da muslimTa meCeTis mSvidi da
uwyinari TanaarsebobiT. da mReroda kidec amiT STagonebuli Tbiliseli aSuRi, ieTim gurji:
`meCeTi da sinagoga,
da sioni wmidaTwmida,
kaci iyav kacuri da
iq iloce, sadac ginda...~
ase, rom Tbilisis saxe-iers, mis
ganumeoreblobas da erTaderTobas
marTla oden mis viwro SukebSi
amoZaxili - `mawoni!.. naxSiri!..
panta!.. knapa!.. TuTa-xarTuTa~ ki ar qmnida, aramed sxvadasxva
sjulis xalxTa Svilebis erTnairi
siyvaruli mSobliuri qalaqisadmi,
maTi erTnairad Tbilisuri Tanadgoma da urTierTgamtanoba. es mrwamsi, sisxlSi da xorcSi gamjdari, es ideologia gansazRvravda
da ganapirobebda Tbilis-qalaqis
gamorCeulobas. da es yovelive,
TiTqos, marTla waiRo mtkvaris
amRvreul wyalTa dinebam. zogi
amas JamTasvlis siavesa da ulmobelobas miawerda. raRa Tqma unda,
droTa damangreveli srbolac tovebda Tavis kvals, magram meti siave
mohqonda gulgrilobas da ganukiTxaobas. codva, miutevebeli codva iqna Cadenili. marTalia, gasuli saukunis bolo meoTxedSi zogzogi TiTqos gons moego, daiwyes
ukve iavarqmnil da namusral Zveli
Tbilisis ubnebis aRdgena-restavrireba, magram es keTilSobiluri
mcdeloba ukve gansvenebulis zizil-pi piloebiT morTvas ufro
emsgavsa, rameTu sulis aRdgena SeuZlebelia. da mwared agvixda is
sityvebi, am ocdaTvrameti wlis
win (hau, ra dro gasula!), rom
vwerdi erT Cems kinorecenziaSi,
romelic eZRvneboda uniWieresi,
TxemiT-terfamde Tbiliseli xelovnis, mixeil Wiaurelis films
- `rac ginaxavs, veRar naxav~, aqvsenti
cagarlis uberebeli piesis ekranul xorcSesxmas: `dro da axlis
Semtevi Zala, - vwerdi maSin, - ise
mosravs warsulis naSTebs, rom
male, albaT, kinoSic ki sanatreli
gagvixdeba Zveli Tbilisis cocxali naturis xilva. gamoxdeba xani da sasoebiT vnaxavT am filmis
bevr kadrs, romlebSic TiTqos pirvelqmnili uSualobiT warmogvidgeba Zveli Tbilisis saocari koloriti, misi sikeTe da codvisSviloba, patiosneba da xelmrudoba,
gaurandavi xumroba da alali guli. erTi sityviT, Zveli qalaqis
marTali saxec da ferumarilic...~
axla es Cemi didi xnis winandeli kinorecenzia da komediografi aqvsenti cagarlis piesac gamaxsena qarTuli klasikuri dramaturgiis kidev erTi nimuSis `xanumas~ moulodnelma dadgmam
niu-iorkSi, buxarel-ebrael emigrant scenis moyvarulTa Teatr
`aRorZinebaSi~. vin ifiqrebda, rom
aq, okeanis gamoRma, guZonis piras
kvlav vixilavdiT Zveli Tbilisis
gauxunar koloritul saxeebs.
marTla saocari xalxia es buxarlebi, oden dauzareli garjiTa
da xelxvavianobiT ki ara, aramed
TavianTi kulturuli tradiciebisa da TviTmyofobisadmi zrunviTa da warmoCenisaken swrafviTac.
arafers vambob maT mecnier-istorikosTa wignebisa da beWdviTi gamocemebis simravleze, magram ager
ukve cxra welia arsebobs da warmatebiT moRvaweobs buxarel-ebrael scenis moyvarulTa Teatraluri dasi, romelsac saTaveSi udgas
uzbekeTis damsaxurebuli artisti,
reJisori semion aulovi. daidga
cxra speqtakli, maT Soris - `xanuma~, romelsac mayureblisa da presis gansakuTrebuli aRiareba xvda.
Tavad reJisori ki ambobs: `xanumas~ scenuri xorcSesxmiT miznad
visaxavdi niu-iorkSi buxarel da
qarTvel ebraelTa Temebis kidev
ufro daaxloebasa da SekavSirebaso. udavod, keTilSobiluri mizanswrafvaa. TumcaRa, etyoba, speqtaklis warmateba martoden amiT ar
unda iyos ganpirobebuli. rogorc
Cans, cagarlis komediaSi asaxuli
socialuri garemo da situaciebi, met-naklebad gansxvavebuli erovnuli niSnebis miuxedavad, mainc
erTnairad damaxasiaTebeli da nacnobi yofila sxvadasxva kuTxis
xalxebisaTvis~.
`xanumaSi~ moqmedeba xdeba me19 saukunis bolo meoTxedSi. gadavardnilia baton-ymoba, gadaSenebis
gzazea feodalizmis instituti.
SemoWrila da fexs ikidebs savaWro kapitalizmi. degradacias ganicdis Tavadaznauroba. ukve raxania uimedodaa dagiravebuli bankebSi maTi mamulebi, mTeli qoneba da
avladideba, TviT sagvareulo reliqviebic ki - tradiciul vercxlis qamar-xanjal-dambaCamde. arada, kudi mainc yavarze aqvT gadebuli, Rvinis smasa da qeifs ver
oTar
oTar
sefiaSvili
sefiaSvili
anu
Zveli
Tbilisis
zmanebani
guZonis
piras
da popularuloba. da, rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania, am suraTiTac
dadasturda `xanumas~ kidev erTi,
imTaviTve Tandayolili Tviseba:
droTa svlis kvaldakval misi socialur-esTetikuri gardasaxvis,
cxovrebis sxvadasxva periodis
moTxovnebTan organulad Sexmianebis saocari unari.
uTuod, amis Sedegic iyo, rom
film `qeTo da kotes~ gadaRebidan TiTqos sami aTeuli wlis
Semdeg, cagarlis lamis miviwyebuli piesa ukve scenur miuziklad
gaiazra qarTuli Teatraluri
skolis ganmaaxlebelma da novatorma, SesaniSnavma reJisorma mixeil TumaniSvilma. man Zalze niWier da sayovelTaod aRiarebuli
kompozitoris, gia yanCelis musikis TanxlebiT `xanumas~ axleburi versia warmoadgina rusTavelis
akademiuri Teatris scenaze. klasikurma piesam bunebrivad moirgo
da moixdina Tanadrouli saxeieri; Seicvala da sxvagvarad gadanawilda Zveli literaturuli
Tavwyaroseuli aqcentebi, laRad
ganviTarda moqmedeba. daxvewili
mizanscenebiT, dRevandelobis prizmaSi gardatexili Zvel-Tbilisuri melodiebiTa da mixra-moxris
plastikiT, gonebamaxvili xumrobebis kaskadiT ikveTeboda personaJTa xasiaTebi, romlebSic duRda
da ikveseboda uniWieres msaxiobTa
- erosi manjgalaZisa da salome
yanCelis, ramaz CxikvaZisa da medea
Caxavas TviTmyofi talanti da xelovneba. speqtakli Zveli Tbili-
oTar sefiaSvilis werili-recenzia `monatreba~ am aTiode wlis winaT daibeWda gazeTSi `saqarTvelos
respublika~. imdenad momewona, statia saguldagulod amomiWria gazeTidan da saintereso statiebis
Cemeul zandukSi Camiketavs. am ramodenime dRis win mas SemTxveviT wavawydi, gadavikiTxe da cremlebic Tavad moswyda Tvals... es statia recenzia araa, ar maxsovs vinmes ase warmosaxavad daexatos Tbilisi sagazeTo kabadonebSi Tu sastambo saRebavebiT. waikiTxeT da Tavad dameTanxmebiT.
rac Seexeba werilis avtors, oTar sefiaSvils, mas wardgena ar sWirdeba Cveni mkiTxvelis winaSe...
cnobili Jurnalisti, saqarTvelos xelovnebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, kinokritikosi da scenaristi,
wlebis manZilze popularuli satelevizio programis `iluzionis~ wamyvani, Cveni iubilaric!
Tmoben, garja-samsaxurs Takiloben kvlavindeburi ampartavnobiT,
sinamdvileSi ki mdidar mziTvebian qalebis colad SerTvaSi eZeben
Svelas, sufrebzec mRerian gulaxdilad, SeRvianebul-SezarxoSebulebi:
`ginda iyos gonji, gindac
hgavdes kunZsa,
oRond hqondes fuli, viTxov,
RmerTi-rjuli...~
meore mxriv ki, odesme qalaqis
mSvenebisa da `marilis~ - yaraCoxelebis dakninebuli modgmis kintos naSier, gaqsuebul CarC-vaWrebs oqro-vercxliT gauvsiaT TavianTi mamapapuri Zveli zandukebi,
Tavdajerebuli da, cota ar iyos,
damcinavebic arian, rakiRa axla
yvelasi da yvelafris yidva SeiZleba fuliT. oRond is kia, rom
RalatobT sakuTari mdabiuri gvarisSviloba, akliaT titulebi,
prestiJuli wodebebi, epoletebs
da Cin-medlebs natruloben. da
arafers iSureben e. w. `Rerbian~
maRal sazogadoebaSi gasarevad `keTilSobilTa wreebSi~ Sesasvlelad. maTi imedic TavianTi, ukve
`francuzulad~ gazrdili qaliSvilebis sarfianad gasaReba-gaTxovebaa. ara uWirs, Tu `Rerbiani~
sasiZo ukve mixrwnili, Tavqariani
da jibegamoferTxilia, oRond `Renerali Tu ara, aficeri mainc iyos.~
da orive mxarisaTvis, - rogorc
gudafSuta didgvarovnebisaTvis,
ise fuliT gatenil tomara qorvaWrebisaTvis, - Seucvleli da aucilebeli xdeba gaqnili da xerxiani Suamaval-gamrigebeli, anu maWankali.
ase gaCnda Zveli Tbilisis yvelaze cnobili da ybadaRebuli
personaJi xanuma - cbieri da TvalTmaqci, ezo-ezo da kardakar mosiarule, yvelgan da yvelaferSi Caxeduli, aravisi rom ara gamoepareba ra, icis rogor SerTos mziTvebiani gonji gadayruebul didgvarovans da umziTvo lamazmani gaaznaurebul mdabios.
da Tvalmaxvilma komediografma
aqvsenti cagarelma SesaniSnavi piesac dawera mis oinebze, misgan gacurebul yeyeCebsa Tu gabednierebul
Seyvarebul wyvilebze. isini ukve
as welze metia cocxloben scenaze.
gana ara, qarTul TeatrSi am Temaze sxvac araerTi komediuri piesa Tu vodevili dadgmula, maT
Soris - cremlnarevi `solomon
isakiC mejRanuaSvili~ - lavrenti
ardazianisa, magram yvelaze gamZle
da popularuli mainc `xanuma~
aRmoCnda - Tavisi marTali xalxuri xasiaTebiT, gonebamaxvili komikuri situaciebiT da kvimati dialogebiT, Zirmompali adaT-wesebis
qirdva-qilikiT da gamwkeplavi, uarmyofeli siciliT. diax, sicili
erCiaT. da Tu ikiTxavT - ratom
mainc da mainc sicilio, socialur msxvrevas xom adamianTa bediRblisa da sulieri msxvrevac
mohyvebodao. - maSin gavixsenoT
erTi brZenkac-filosofosis naTqvami - `kacobrioba siciliT eTxoveba Tavis warsuls~.
Teatralur scenaze piesis gansakuTrebulma warmatebam da misdami mayureblis siyvarulma ganapirobes, rom gasuli saukunis 20ian
wlebSi `xanuma~ filmadac gadaiRes - imJamindeli qarTuli ekranis `varskvlavebis~ - kote miqaberiZis, Tamar bolqvaZis, miSa Wiaurelis monawileobiT da es suraTi Cveneburi adreuli kinokomediis saukeTeso nimuSadaa aRiarebuli erovnuli kinos istoriaSi.
Semdeg `xanumas~ motivebze kompozitorma viqtor doliZem Seqmna
araCveulebrivad xalisiani da mCqefare komediuri opera `qeTo da
kote~ romelSic axleburad JRerda ZvelTbilisuri musikaluri
folkloris hangebi, cocxldeboda
qalaquri qoreografia, ismoda Tbilisuri sulis gadamrCeneli mxiaruli sicil-kiskisi.
mogvianebiT ki (es ukve omisSemdgomi pirveli wlebi iyo) cagarlis piesac da doliZis operac
erTad safuZvlad daedo qarTuli
kinos TvalsaCino, SeiZleba iTqvas,
yvelaze mziur films - `qeTo da
kotes~, romelic imTaviTve aitaca
da, rom ityvian, gulSi Caixuta
sicilsa da lamaz, romantikul
sanaxaobas monatrebulma omgamovlilma mayurebelma da es siyvaruli mas dRemde ar ganelebia.
scenari Seqmna Zveli Tbilisis
yofisa da folkloris SesaniSnavma
mcodnem, mweralma siko faSaliSvilma, dadgma ki ganaxorcieles
imJamad axalgazrda, niWierma da
Teatralur xelovnebaSi ukve aRiarebulma reJisorma vaxtang tabliaSvilma da parizSi, Jan vilaris
saxelovan dasSi wvrTnagamovlilma Salva gedevaniSvilma. yovelgvari yalbi Tavmdablobis gareSe unda
iTqvas: `qeTo da kote~ arafriT arc mdidrulobiT da arc mxatvruli SesrulebiT, ar Camouvardeba im drois holivudSi gadaRebul miuziklebs da, iqneb, kidevac
jobnides maT Tavisi bunebriobiT
da uSualobiT, rameTu es qarTuli filmi gadaRebulia cocxal
da araCveulebrivad momxiblav realur garemoSi, riTac namdvil istoriul dokumentad rCeba. igi
mayurebels xiblavs ara Suq-efeqtebiT, TvalmomWreli dekoraciebiTa da butaforiebiT, aramed imJamad jer kidev SemorCenili namdvili sasaxleebiT, brwyinvale mosarkuli darbazebiT Tu viwro mixveul-moxveul quCebSi Cadgmuli,
xalxuri arqiteqturiT nagebi kopwia saxlebiT, xis rikulebiani
da TviTmyofi CuqurTmebiT damSvenebuli aivnebiT. filmis avtorebma
kidev ufro gaamdidres suraTis
literaturuli da musikaluri
Tavwyaroebi Tamami poeturi, vokaluri da qoreografiuli divertismentebiT. am mxriv, Tundac, martoden yaraCoRelTa scenebi rad
Rirs, maTi mravalxmiani - `me rom
vloTob, Sen ras giSli, Zmobilo~,
an yofil mefisnacvlis sasaxlis
ezo-baRSi gadaRebuli Ramis serenadad warmodgenili `muxambazi~
- RiRiniT dawyebuli da reCitativiT ganviTarebuli - `gind meZinos, mainc sulSi mizixar, Tvals
avaxel - zed wamwamze mizixar...~
an kidev, brwyinvaled dadgmuli
cekvebi: iliko suxiSvilisa da
Sura ToiZis - `qarTuli~, nino
ramiSvilis dauviwyari - `jeirani~, giorgi SavguliZis mier virtuozulad Sesrulebuli - `baRdaduri~, romelSic suls idgamda mxatvar lado gudiaSvilis `Zveli
Tbilisis suraTebis~ ganumeorebeli plastika. daumateT amas ulamazesi medea jafariZisa da baTu
kraveiSvilis - qeTos da kotes
dueti, vaso goZiaSvilisa da giorgi SevguliZis - kintoebis tandemi, Tamar WavWavaZis saocari xiblis
iumoriT gaTamaSebuli xanuma, petre amiranaSvilis - gulzviadi Tavadi levani, Salva RambaSiZis gamWriaxi Wkuis sovdagari makari; TviT
mcire epizodur rolebsa da masobriv scenebSic ki, - imJamindeli
qarTuli Teatrisa da kinos brwyinvale msaxiobTa namdvili Tanavarskvlavedi, TiToeuli maTganis TvalSeudgami niuansebiT aRsavse da
mkveTri artistuli individualobiT aRbeWdili uzado saxeebi, da advili warmosadgenia, Tu ram
ganapiroba am filmis dRegrZeloba
sis ganumeoreblobasTan kvlav Sexvedris sixarulad da zeimad iqca.
sulac ar iyo moulodneli, rom
`xanumas~ swored es axleburi
versia irCia da ukve rusul enaze
Targmnili, leningrad-sankt-peterburgis saxelmoxveWili dramatuli Teatris scenaze dadga Tbilisuri sulisa da qarTul TeatrSi
fexadgmulma nacadma reJisorma guga tovstonogovma. speqtakli imJamindelma rusulma Teatralurma
kritikam da madlierma mayurebelma
sezonis sensaciad aRiqva. misi Canaweri sakavSiro tele-ekranebzec
gavida warmatebiT. oRond, is kia,
rom qarTveli mayurebeli ver egueboda da yurs ver aCvevda cagarlis personaJTa specifikurad rusuli aqcentebiT metyvelebas. erTgvar uxerxulobas iwvevda is
garemoebac, rom tovstonogovis
speqtaklSi Zveli Tbilisis avlabari da misi mkvidrni ratomRac
xazgasmulad somxuri ierisad gamoiyurebodnen, Tavad xanumac martooden `avlabaris diasaxlisad~
moinaTla da mis saxe-ierSi `haosuri~ meti iyo, vidre `qarTlosuri~. sinamdvileSi ki, Tbilisis es
uZvelesi ubani qarTuli da somxuri qalaquri kulturebis raRac
saocar sinTezad warmogvidgeboda.
man warmoSva sruliad gansxvavebuli socialuri fena, - sufTa Tbilis-qalaquri saxe-ierisa, - Taviseburi metyvelebis kiloTi, sakuTari zne-CveulebebiTa da adaTwesebiT, cxovrebis av-kargze Tavisi
SexedulebebiT. da, rac mTavaria,
qarTul erovnul kulturasTan gaerTianebisa da masTan Serwymis Sinagani moswrafebiT... sxvaTa Soris,
misi es Tvisebebi vlindeboda Tbilisur arqiteqturaSic, romlis
nimuSebi dRemdea SemorCenili ara
martooden mtkvris marcxena napiris ubnebSi, aramed yofil `dvorcovze~, sololakSi, zemelsa Tu
veraze. ase rom, avlabari, iqneb, marTla Wreli da ekleqtikuri, mainc namdvili Tbilisuri fenomeni iyo da misi mTlianad mikuTvneba-miwera erTi romelime erovnuli kulturisadmi aSkara Secdoma da mkrexelobac kia.
arada, sulac ar iyo gamoricxuli, rom amgvar unebur gadaxras
Tu tendencias Tavi eCina scenis
moyvarulTa buxarul-ebrauli dasis speqtaklSic. radgan cagarlis
"xanumas" am dadgmasac piesis swored rusuli varianti udevs safuZvlad. da Tu amjerad, sabednierod,
es safrTxe aridebuli aRmoCnda,
amaSi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani
wvlili miuZRvis faqizad da taqtiT Sesrulebul scenografias, romelic Cvens Tanamemamule da sisxlismier niWier mxatvars soso
jinjixaSvils ekuTvnis. uTuod
aqve unda aRiniSnos: speqtaklis
damdgmel semion aulovis, rogorc
reJisorisa da sazogado moRvawis,
alRo da wingaxeduloba imaSic
gamovlinda, rom man konsultantad
da mxatvrul gamformeblad miiwvia soso, xelovani, romelsac profesiulad aqvs Seswavlili da Tavis grafikul Tu ferwerul namuSevrebSi gancdiT gadmoscems Zveli
Tbilisis koloritul sanaxebs.
igi, agreTve, kargad icnobs `xanumas~ im scenur-ekranul `biografiasac~, romlis gakvriT warmodgenac am CanawerebSi vcade.
CemTvis Zvirfasia da dRemde
siyvaruliT vinaxav sosos mier
didi xnis winaT Seqmnil ferad
linograviurebis Tbilisur serias,
romelic man emigraciaSi wasvlamde maCuqa. ra vicodi maSin, rom
Turme amiT meTxoveboda. isic kargad maxsovs, am namuSevrebs Tavis
droze, Tbilisis samxatvro gale-
reaSi `sagazafxulo gamofenis~
eqspoziciis TavsarTobisa da gaxsnis pativi rom xvdaT. imis Tqmac
Tamamad SeiZleba, rom Tbilisur
motivebs, metadre - qalaqis Zveli
ubnebisadmi trfialsa da maT nostalgiur gaxsenebas mniSvnelovani adgili uWiravs soso jinjixaSvilis mravalwaxnagovan SemoqmedebaSi. mepatios mouTmenloba, Tu
aqve gavamxel, rom igi dResac gatacebiT muSaobs sakmaod mozrdil
ferwerul tiloebze, ferad da
Sav-TeTr grafikul nawarmoebze,
romlebsac ciklad gaerTianebuls
Tavad uwoda `Tbilisis monatreba~ da romlis dasrulebasa da
xilvasac cnobiswadiliT veliT
misi niWis Tayvanismcemlebi.
gana ara, sosos adrec araerTgzis ucdia Tavi Teatralur mxatvrobaSi. ai, ratom dahyva igi
xalisiT buxarel scenis moyvarulTa mier SemoTavazebul TanamSromlobas da mTeli Tveebis ganmavlobaSi Cveuli enTuziazmiTa
da gatacebiT uangarod moRvaweobda dasTan erTad speqtakl `xanumas~ mxatvruli saxe-ieris Camosayalibeblad. Seqmna personaJTa grimisa da Cacmulobis eskizebi, romelTa mixedviTac, misive rCeviT,
saqarTveloSi Seikera SesaniSnavi
kostiumebi; misi Tavze dgomiT da
miTiTebebiT gakeTda aq, niu-iorkSi
Zveli Tbilisis yofisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli rekviziti; da, rac
mTavaria, scenis saqusarze gadaWima rvametriani pano Tbilis-qalaqis
dauviwyari sanaxebisa, romelmac,
faqtobrivad, gansazRvra speqtaklis
mTeli koloriti da mxatvruli
momxiblveloba.
mkiTxveli mixvdeboda, albaT, rom
amjerad me ar vwer Teatralur
recenzias, TumcaRa, buxarel-ebrael
scenis moyvarulTa dasis mier ganxorcielebuli `xanumas~ dadgma
uTuod imsaxurebs seriozul gansjas da qebasac, niu-iorkis rusulenovan presaSi arcTu cota ram
iTqva aRfrTovanebiT reJisor auloviseul gulmoxdenil mizanscenebsa da ritmis grZnobaze, moqmedebis dinamiurad ganviTarebis
unarze, rolebis SemsrulebelTa
TviTmyof da niWier TamaSze, mTlianad warmodgenisagan gamowveul
sixarulze...
me ki, ubralod,
gimxelT Cems STabeWdilebasa
da gancdas.
rodesac gia yanCelis nacnobi
musikis TanxlebiT gaixsna farda
da mayurebliT gadavsebuli darbazi pirveli taSiT Seegeba scenis
siRrmeSi amoSuqebul soso jinjixaSvilis STagonebiT Sesrulebul
mxatvrul panos Tbilisis sanaxebisas, Cemdauneburad meufleboda
raRac cisferi zmanebani, megona,
rom ai, axla mis fonze, haerovani
simsubuqiT acurdnen gamWvirvale
landebi Zveli Tbilisis mkvidrTa:
Rirseulad TavdaWerili yaraCoRelebi - sisxam diliT, mearRneebis
TanxlebiT, faetonebiT rom miemarTebodnen gogirdis abanoebisaken;
CixtikopiT morTuli, ferumariliT
saxeSelesili faSfaSa kneinebi da
maTi qobamovlebuli qolgebiT
TvalebmoCrdiluli gasaTxovari
asulebi; evropulad gamowyobili
frantebi da SavserTukiani, pensneebiani Cinovnikebi; sovdagrebi msxvilmarcvliani krialosnebiT
xelSi; yvelas da yvelafris gamkilavi Worikana dedakacebi; doinjSemoyrili kintoebi - lurjad
moxarSuli mtkvris `murwa-WanariTa~ da `xramuliT~ savse, alibuxariTa da xarTuTiT damSvenebuli
TavzeSemodgmuli xis gobebiT; rusul epoletebze gayiduli `kniazebi~, romelTa msgavsebzec uTqvams
cxonebul saiaTnovas: `gogra ver
gaxdeba Sirazis SuSa, ragind maRla TaxCazedac daawyo~; dabRverili policielebi da `nemsis yunwSi gamZromi~ jibgirebi; orTaWalis TvalebmaSxala turfebi da
maTi avan-Cavana loTi-SfoTi dardimandebi; TavTavianTi salocavebisken gaSurebuli uriebi, muslimebi, rusi da qarTveli marTlmadideblebi, grigorianeli Tu kaToliki somxebi; marCielebi da lamaz
sapatarZloebze Tvalgacecebuli
maWanklebi; qaTqaTa merZeve doxabori qalebi da pirze Sav TavsafarSemokruli Sindiseli memawvne
dedakacebi; saxeSemuruli kojreli menaxSireebi; gudastvirze SairmTqmeli raWvelebi da sazandarsa
Tu Wianurze baiaTebis momRerlebi; Savnabdiani mefandureni da tandakunTuli muSaiTebi; euli siluetebi wyneTeli da tabaxmeleli
Savtuxa biWebisa - gazafxulis
macne lurji iebisa da yoCivardebis pawia konebiT xelSi...
erTi sityviT, - mezmaneboda TbilisSi ase ucnaurad Tavmoyrili
Wreli da mozimzime mTeli mileTi. da TiTqos welTa usasrulo
SoreTidan yurT Camesmoda didi
aSuRis aRfrTovanebuli SeZaxili:
- `ra indoeTs, ra frangoeTs,
geni msgavsi sad iqneba.~
SemiZlia gana madlieri ar viyo
buxareli Teatralebisa da Cveni
RviZli - uCumari da ridiani, marTla Tbilisuri jigris xelovani kacis, soso jinjixaSvilisa, am
zmanebaTa gamowvevisaTvis, im grZnobis gamZafrebisaTvis, rac `erTxel
cxovlad suls dasCnevia~, imis
monatrebisaTvis, rac odesRac yofila Tbilis-qalaqi. an rogorc misi
trfiali da mexotbe, mgosani soso griSaSvili ityoda:
`es poeziis Zveli akvani,
es dardimanduli bohema,
es saqarTvelos
mTrTolvare guli, es...~
dasabami da dasasruli misdami
Cveni saerTo siyvarulisa.
6
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
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8
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
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ambobs, rom mas da mis xalxs mTavroba dRemde devnis. politikaSi
mosvlis da sajaro moqalaqed gadaqcevis gadawyvetileba misi mxridan, SesaZloa, sakuTari Tavdacvis
saSualebac iyo, magram ivaniSvilis
pretenzia saakaSvilis mimarT ufro fundamenturi xasiaTisaa da
mas aSkarad qarTuli elferi dahkravs. `man ar icis, ra aris siyvaruli~, - ambobs is mTeli seriozulobiT. `rogor SeiZleba aseTi
adamiani qveyanas marTavdes?~
ivaniSvilis gancxadebam Tbiliss Soki mohgvara. qarTvelebma
TavianTi imedi maSinve imas daukavSires, rom misi mmarTvelobis
pirobebSi qveyana ufro Tavisufali da uzrunveli gaxdeboda. qveynis mosaxleobis naxevari siRatakis zRvars miRmaa da umuSevrobis
maCvenebeli 16%s aRwevs. `bolo
ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi arsebobs imis gancda, rom ukan-ukan
mivdivarT. fondebi ileva; ekonomikis aRdgenisTvis sakmarisi Zalisxmeva ar ixarjeba~, - ambobs amerikis savaWro palatis adgilobrivi
ofisis xelmZRvaneli esben emborgi.
vidre sakuTar gadawyvetilebas
sajarod ganacxadebda, saqarTveloSi is sul ramdenime adamians hyavda
nanaxi. arsebobda masTan Cawerili
ramdenime interviu da foto. ambobdnen, rom albinosi Svilebi hyavs,
yvelgan vertmfreniT gadaadgildeba, didi xnis unaxav Tanaklaselebs
saxlis karTan axali avtomanqanis
gasaRebs utovebs. qalaqis inteligenciis umravlesobas da, SesaZloa,
TviT policiasac ki, uxdida xelfass. aseve ambobdnen, rom fuli
ruseTSi iSova, sacxovrebladac
iq gadavida, boris ivanovi dairqva
da TurqebisTvis baliSispirebis
miyidviT iyo dakavebuli, Tu kompiuterebis? Tu oqros sabadoebis
biznesSi iyo? hqonda uzarmazari
saxli, Tu biznescentri? romelic
ferdobidan Tbiliss gadmohyurebs,
magram ra xdeboda am SenobaSi?
saakaSvilma mas erTxel `grafi
monte kristo~ uwoda. imis gamo,
rom wlebis ganmavlobaSi yuradRebas gaurboda, aRmoCnda, rom politikuri debiutisTvis cudad iyo
momzadebuli.
sami dRis Semdeg, rac ivaniSvil-
gamocema `forbsis~ specialuri nomeri planetis umdidresi adamianebis reitingSi,
sxva miliarderebTan erTad, biZina ivaniSvilis Sesaxeb statias aqveynebs saTauriT: `biZinaze didi aravinaa~.
2012 wlis martisTvis mis
qonebas Jurnali 6,4 miliard
dolarad afasebs. `forbsi~
ivaniSvilis qonebis mimoxilvasTan erTad, misi politikuri miswrafebebisa da SesaZlo
perspeqtivebis Sesaxebac wers.
statiis avtori julia iofi
Txrobas sofel WorvilaSi
stumrobis aRweriT iwyebs.
ma Tavisi `qarTuli ocnebis~ Sesaxeb ganacxada, mas da mis meuRles
moqalaqeoba CamoarTves (saakaSvilis warmomadgenelma ivaniSvilis
Sesaxeb yvelanair komentarze uari
Tqva). sam kviraSi ivaniSvilis bankSi mTavrobam reidi moawyo. saakaSvilsa da mis mokavSireebs ivaniSvilis, rogorc kremlis proeqtis,
diskreditaciis sakmaod susti
mcdelobac hqondaT. am braldebebis damadasturebeli aranairi mtkicebuleba ar arsebobs, Tumca interesTa ramenairi konfliqtis gamosaricxad, miliarderma ganacxada,
rom gayidis Tavis aqtivebs ruseTis sabanko, samSeneblo da agrarul
biznesSi. misi qonebis didi nawili dRes xelovnebaSi, oqrosa da
rusul-amerikul fasian qaRaldebSia dabandebuli. is ambobs, rom
ruseTSi aTi welia ar yofila da
axlaxans uari Tqva ruseTis moqalaqeobaze. `rodesac putini xelisuflebaSi movida, me bargis Calageba daviwye~, miTxra man da ucbad
Secba. Secba, radgan es reportiors
uTxra. Tu ivaniSvili premier-ministri gaxdeba, rogorc TviTonve
Tqva, momiwevs putinTan muSaobao.
dRes misi dReebi gamarjvebis perspeqtiviTaa savse. `garantias gaZlevT (aravisTvis aseTi garantiebi aqamde ar mimicia), rom erT weliwadSi aq namdvil demokratias
da damoukidebel sasamarTlos avaSeneb~, - ambobs is cota gazviadebulad, rogorc es qarTvelebs sCveviaT. me vkiTxe mas, rogor apirebs
aseTi miznis miRwevas aseT mokle
droSi. `Zalian advilad~, - ambobs
igi da avlens meore nacionalur
Tvisebas - sixistes. `unda daiWiro erTi ministri an, maqsimum, ori,
imisTvis, rom anaxo yvelas, rom
patieba ar iqneba. rodesac gamoCndeba, rom zeviT politikuri neba
arsebobs, yvelaferi Tavis adgilze
dadgeba. Cven ori-sami weli gvWirdeba evropuli ti pis sistemis
SeqmnisaTvis~ da iqve dasZens, `Tumca,
ekonomikis Senebas ufro didi dro
dasWirdeba~.
ivaniSvils erTxel sadilze Sevxvdi, araoficialurad, Semdeg oTxsaaTiani intervius dros; mesamed
mis meuRlesTan, ekaterinesTan Caize
dampatiJes, sadac Tavadac iyo da
maTi umcrosi vaJi cotnec, romelic marTlac albinosia. `Cemi ori
vaJi albinosia~, - amayad miTxra
ivaniSvilma. `es marTlac iSviaTobaa, me ki oTxi Svilidan ori aseTi myavs~ (meore vaJi bera reperia).
ekaterinesTan Caize stumrobis
dros, ivaniSvilma gaigo, rom maTTan
saxlSi viyavi, SemogvierTda da
gadawyvita gaeziarebina Tavisi azri
imaze, Tu rogor xedavda sakuTar
portrets. `me Zalian warmatebuli viyavi biznesSi~, - ambobs igi.
ivaniSvili 56 wlisaa, is tanmorCili da mxnea, mSvidi da keTili
saxiT. drois did nawils Tavis
ferdobze wamoWimul sasaxleSi
atarebs, romelic Sin takamacus
proeqtiT aSenda da Tbiliss zevidan gadmohyurebs. kompleqsis teritoria 108,000 kvadratuli futia
da minis cilindrebisa da liTonis konstruqciis nazavia. aq saxlicaa da biznescentric da maTi erTmaneTisgan garCeva Znelia. mis ofisSi wiTeli tyavis skamebi, minis
sakonferencio magida da ZviradRirebuli xelovnebis nimuSebia. 40milioniani egon Silis namuSevari misi magidis Tavze kidia, iqvea
lusien freidisa da mones namuSevrebi. `es Cemi sayvareli naxatia~,
- ambobs igi, da de kuningis veeba,
wiTelwreebian tiloze mimaniSnebs.
yvela aslia. politikuri kampaniis
dawyebisas, man originalebi londonSi gadaitana. `ase ufro usafrTxoa. saqarTveloSi xelovnebis
nimuSTa dacva Zviri jdeba, Tanac
Cveni mTavroba araprognozirebadia~.
ivaniSvili 1956 wlis TebervalSi WorvilaSi daibada, maRaroelisa
da diasaxlisis ojaxSi da yvelaze
umcrosia xuT Svils Soris. sofeli Zalian Raribi iyo. `xandaxan
SegveZlo fexsacmlis yidva, Tumca
yovelTvis ar gvwyalobda bedi~, ambobs ivaniSvili. `eleqtroenergia maSin CagvirTes, rodesac 7
Tu 8 wlis viyavi, radio - 14-15
wlis, televizia - mxolod amis
Semdeg. drois umetes nawils gareT vatarebdiT, magram Zalian bevrs
vSromobdiT. yvelas unda eSroma~.
13 wlis iyo, rodesac samSeneblo
brigadebs ayalibebda da Tan bejiTad swavlobda. saRamos skolis
safasurs imiT ixdida, rom foladgadamamuSavebel qarxanaSi liTonis
narCenebs gvida. qarxanaSi swrafad
miiwevda win da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis ganyofilebis gamged daawinaures. Tumca Tanamdebobaze uari Tqva, radgan misi kolegebi fuls
imiT akeTebdnen, rom liTonis aralegalur saamqroebs amuSavebdnen.
garda amisa, misi qarxana platinisa da almasis kontrabandis centrad iqca. `es ambavi maSinebda. Tu
win waiwevdi, faqtobrivad, kvazikriminali xdebodi, es ki namdvilad
ar mindoda~. amitom 1984 wels
igi moskovSi wavida, rusuli iswavla da ekonomikis doqtoris xarisxi miiRo. moskovSi iseT biWebTan
megobrobda, romlebic, misi TqmiT,
karg wignebs akiTxebdnen. amis saSualeba WorvilaSi ar miecemoda.
erT-erTi iyo vitali malkini, ymawvili, romelic Semdeg ivaniSvilis
biznespartniori gaxda. malkini da
ivaniSvili kidev or Tanakursels
dauaxlovdnen, am dros ki gorbaCovma komerciis kanonebis liberalizacia daiwyo da maTac kompiuterebiTa da Rilakiani telefonebiT vaWrobis biznesi wamoiwyes.
daaxloebiT 1990 wlisTvis maT
ukve 100.000 dolari hqondaT. es
im droisTvis kolosaluri Tanxa
iyo, `sakmarisi saimisod, rom 4
banki gagexsna~, - ambobs igi.
ivaniSvilma da malkinma partniorebis wili gamoisyides da daafuZnes banki, romelsac `rosiiski
krediti~ daarqves. es iyo pirveli daregistrirebuli banki ruseTSi, male ki erTerT yvelaze did
bankad iqca. Seqmnidan eqvs weliwadSi aqtivebis moculobiT is
meSvide iyo ruseTSi. ivaniSvili
bankis warmatebas sacalo seqtorSi
Tavisi siZlieriT xsnis. magram,
garda amisa, `rosiiski kredits~
Zalian mniSvnelovani depozitorebi hyavda: is iqca mTeli rigi
saxelmwifo organizaciebis bankad,
maT Soris iyvnen sagadasaxado da
sabaJo dawesebulebebi.
rodesac qarxnebisa da sabadoebis privatizacia daiwyo, ivaniSvilis banki, Tavisi depozitorebis
fulis gamoyenebiT, Seudga dabal
fasebSi maT Sesyidvas, rac ivaniSvilis aRiarebiT, SesaZloa bolomde
nebadarTuli arc iyo. man yuradReba ZiriTadad liTonebsa da Zvirfas liTonebze gadaitana, saqmeze,
romelic jer kidev TbilisSi, qarxanaSi muSaobis periodidan icoda.
`rosiiski kreditma~ am qonebiT
bevri fuli gaakeTa: ivaniSvilma
stolinskis samTo-gadamamuSavebeli
qarxnis wilebi 1991 wels $150.
000-ad iyida da 15 wlis Semdeg
es aqciebi $500 milionad gayida.
am vertikalurad integrirebulma
investiciebma `rosiiski kredits~
damoukidebloba SeunarCuna. ivaniSvili amtkicebs, rom mas sufTa
warsuli aqvs. `vinc mabralebs, rom
kanons varRvevdi, unda daamtkicos
es~, - ambobs ivaniSvili.
`rosiiski kreditma~ 1998 wels
didi dartyma miiRo, rodesac saxelmwifoSi defolti daiwyo da
fuli gaufasurda. maSin ruseTis
ekonomika Camoiqca. magram ivaniSvilis piradma aqtivebma oqrosa da
liTonebSi fasi SeinarCuna (gasul
wels man sabolood moiSora Tavidan oqro da daaxloebiT 31 tona
mTlianad gayida. gadasaxadebis gadaxdis Semdeg sufTad $1.7 miliardi darCa).
ivaniSvilma ruseTi 2002 wels
datova da Tavis ojaxTan erTad
safrangeTSi gadasaxlda, magram
iqac mousvenrad grZnobda Tavs.
agrovebda xelovnebis nimuSebs, bevri ram axla im koleqciis nawilia, romelic, sul cota, $1 miliardi Rirs. mere TbilisSi saxli
aiSena da 2003 wels, zustad saa-
kaSvilis vardebis revoluciisaTvis, saqarTveloSi dabrunda.
am mSvidobianma gadasvlam daasrula mravali wlis ekonomikuri
uZraoba, samoqalaqo omi da korufcia. axal liders qarizma hqonda,
Tavisufal bazars uWerda mxars
da ucxouri investiciebis talRac
moizida. `bednieri viyavi, rodesac
saakaSvili movida xelisuflebaSi~,
- ambobs ivaniSvili, `saocnebo mTavrobad mimaCnda~. garkveuli drois
ganmavlobaSi miliarderi gauxmaureblad exmareboda saakaSvilis
mTavrobas. $100 milioni gaiRo
policiis axali manqanebis sayidlad, jarisTvis axali yazarmebis
asaSeneblad da im qarTveli jariskacebis Sesamosad, romlebic manamde jinsebiTa da `SlopancebiT~
daseirnobdnen. rogorc ambobs, mTavrobas ministrebis xelfasis gazrdis dafinansebac ki SesTavaza, raTa
korufcia aRar yofiliyo mimzidveli. magram ivaniSvili sul ufro
gawbilebuli rCeboda saxelmwifo
xarjebis miTvisebisa da ruseTTan
damRupveli dapirispirebis gamo.
saakaSvili biznesmenebis moTminebas
scdida, radgan maT xSirad sTxovda
mTavrobis iniciativebis an iseTi
raRacebis dafinansebas, rogoric
iyo, magaliTad, saaxalwlo koncertebi. `Cven yvelani prognozirebad
garemos viTxovT. gvinda, dagegmvis
saSualeba rom gvqondes~, - gviTxra
erTma dasavlelma biznesmenma, romelmac sakuTari saxelis gamJRavneba ar isurva, rogorc gviTxra,
aq kidev maqvs biznesio.
ivaniSvilma saakaSvilis sistemisadmi ndoba 2008 wlis Semdeg
dakarga, rodesac saakaSvilma arCevnebSi gamarjvebisTvis saeWvo taqtikas mimarTa. `me davureke da mkacrad
vuTxari, rom aRarasdros gavcemdi
xmas~, - ambobs ivaniSvili. rogorc
miliarderi ambobs, ai, aqedan daiwyo
misi devna. `dro da dro Tavs amJRavnebdnen, blokavdnen garigebebs,
kbilebi gamoaCines. isini meubnebodnen, Camoyalibdi - CvenTan xar Tu
Cven winaaRmdeg? me viyavi bolo
Tavisufali adamiani da es did
uxerxulobas uqmnida maT~. mas
detalebi ar dauzustebia, Tumca
ekaterine miyveboda, rom ramdenime
naTesavi daupatimres da uTxres,
gamosasyidisTvis ivaniSvilTan darekeTo. ivaniSvili safrangeTSi
gadasaxlebas gegmavda. zewola metismetad mZime gaxda. Tumca ojaxs
wasvla ar undoda. am fiqriT natanjma, gasafrenad gamzadebuli TviTmfrinavi orjer SeaCera. bolos
ki saakaSvilTan brZola gadawyvita.
misi kampania xuTi Tvis win daiwyo, ivaniSvils jer kidev ara
aqvs detaluri platforma. ivaniSvili ambobs, rom saqarTvelos natosa da evrokavSirSi gawevrianeba unda da amave dros ruseTTan
urTierTobis gamosworeba surs.
am ori miznis SeTavseba Zalian
rTulia. milionobiT adamians saqarTveloSi ivaniSvili qvelmoqmedebis gamo uyvars. misi moqalaqeobis gauqmebidan maleve, saqarTvelos
centralurma bankma mis winaaRmdeg
fulis gaTeTrebis braldebiT gamoZieba daiwyo da ivaniSvilis bankis
2 milioni dolarisa da 1 milioni evros konfiskacia moaxdina.
aTasobiT qarTveli Segrovda mis
bankTan da, mxardaWeris niSnad, iq
angariSebi gaxsna. banks fuli daubrunes. `yvelaferi, rasac adamiani
akeTebs, TavisTvis akeTebs~, - miTxra
ivaniSvilma sakuTar ofisSi. `modi,
nu movityuebT Tavs. es Cemi samSobloa. aq kargad var, ufro komfortulad. aq myavs megobrebi, mSoblebi,
naTesavebi. ase rom, gamodis, rom am
yvelafers isev CemTvis vakeTeb.
politikaSi yofna kargi Tavdacvaa~.
- amerikulma Fforbsma Tqveni
qoneba $6,4 miliardad Seafasa.
ramdenad sworia es Sefaseba?
- vfiqrob, realobasTan miaxloebulia. qonebis Sefasebisas
yovelTvis aris cdomilebis Sansi, miT ufro, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, ra xdeba safondo bazarze
da rogor meryeobs suraTi. Tan,
gaaCnia, rogori princi piT Seafaseb: Tu dResve ginda qonebis
Tundac nawilis realizeba, misi
fasi albaT naklebia; Tu erTi
wlis Semdeg, roca krizisis Semdgomi zrda iqneba SesamCnevi, cota ufro metia fasi. mokled,
amerikuli forbis Sefaseba metnaklebad koreqtulia da ar Sevedavebodi.
- saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis
mixedviT, sajaro moxele Tu gaxdebiT, qonebrivi da finansuri
deklaracia unda SeavsoT. ase
rom iyos, bevr siurprizs aRmovaCendiT Tqvens deklaraciaSi?
- arc erTi siurprizi ar iqneba, mTeli qoneba gamWvirvale
mqonda da maqvs. SemTxveviT ar
vakeTeb audits qvelmoqmedebazec
ki. am mxriv aranairi dafaruli
pozicia ar mqonia, yvela banks,
visTanac vTanamSromlob, yovelTvis vugzavni auditis anaricxebs da Cems mier gaweuli xarjebis Sesaxeb informacias.
- roca ukve miliarderi xar,
gzis dasawyisi SeiZleba arc
gaxsovdes. Tumca, iqneb mainc gaixsenoT, Tavidan ratom gagiCndaT
biznesis warmoebis idea, ra iyo
stimulis mimcemi?
- elementarulad, rogorc yvela arafris mqone adamiani, mec
vfiqrobdi, rame SemeZina, fexze
davmdgariyavi, gavZlierebuliyavi.
ra sastarto pirobebi mqonda?
ar gamaCnda bina, erTi saerTo
sacxovrebilidan meoreSi gadavdiodi, soflidan 50 maneTiT Camovedi da, mgoni, Cemma mSoblebma
es Tanxac mzoblebSi isesxes.
15 maneTs vixdidi binis qirad,
svaneTis ubanSi vcxovrobdi da
tramvais gaCerebidan naqiraveb
saxlamde kidev 15 wuTi fexiT
siaruli miwevda. marto qarxanamde (kamos saxelobis meqanikurCamomsxmel qarxanaSi vmuSaobdi)
misasvlelad gzaSi vxarjavdi
bevr dros da energias. qarxanaSi vmuSaobdi da universitetSi
saRamos fakultetze vswavlobdi. dRis daswrebulze swavlaze
verc viocnebebdi, radgan araferi gamaCnda da dRisiT qarxanaSi viyavi.
Tumca, 1980-Si, roca universiteti davamTavre, kaTedraze
darCena SemeZlo, magram ar movindome. is dro, mogexxenebaT, rogori iyo: diplomi aRarafers gansazRvravda, arc wambiZgebeli myavda vinme. ase rom, me TviTon rame
iseTi unda gamekeTebina, rac cxovrebaSi damexmareboda.
1982-Si moskovSi aspiranturaSi Cavabare, disertaciac davicavi. Tumca, roca amis Semdeg
TbilisSi davbrundi, saerTo sacxovrebelSic ki aRar damabrunes,
Turme, aRar SeiZleboda. ase rom,
ukiduresad gaWirvebul dReSi
viyavi.
am dros „perestroika“ iwyeboda. velodi Cems dros. vicodi sabWoTa kavSiris makroekonomikuri mdgomareoba, qveyana gakotrebis pirze iyo da daSlis
procesi gardauvali iyo.
am dros msoflio srulad
axlebur sistemaze iwyebda gadasvlas: sworad gavTvale, rom kompiuteruli teqnologiebis gamoyenebaze uars veravin ityoda, Tan
inflaciac gardauvali iyo, rac
damatebiT momgebian efeqts qmnida
da am procesSi CaverTe. swored
amiT daviwye, mere ki eleqtroteqnikiT gavagrZele.
biznesi ar damiwyia im fiqriT,
rom unda gavmdidrebuliyavi. 33
wlis viyavi, ar mqonda bina, ar
gamaCnda araferi, ar viyavi daojaxebuli, institutSi viyavi
ufrosi mecnier-TanamSromeli da
elementarulad cxovrebis mowyoba mindoda. pirveli martivi
warmoebac am mizniT daviwye.
- kerZod?
- armirebuli Slangebis gamoSveba davapire. saqarTveloSi
daviwye warmoebis gamarTva, TviTonve vCarxavdi mowyobilobisTvis saWiro detalebs, rom ufro
iafi damjariyo. magram warmoebis awyobas didi dro undoda.
swored am dros daiwyo gamalebuli kompiuterizacia da kompiuterebze moTxovna gaCnda. tradiciulad vmegobrobdi qarTvel
ebraelebTan, romelTa daxmarebiTac avawye es biznesi. problema
kompiuterebis Sovna iyo, Torem
samecniero institutebi xSirad
uyoymanod giricxavdnen fuls.
visargeble Cemi axlo nacnobobiT da gavakeTe am saqmis kargi
organizeba. me Camovutane pirveli kompiuterebi saqarTvelos
mecnierebaTa akademias. raki vivaldebule es saqme, ar mindoda,
Tavi Semercxvina da lamis CemTvis sargeblis gareSe Camovutane kompiuterebi. Zalovani uwyebe-
bis „ineteressac“ prvelad maSin
Sevejaxe.
- ras gulisxmobT?
- marto is faqti, rom kompiuterebis safasuri Camiricxes da
didi fuli gamoCnda Cems angariSze,
sakmarisi aRmoCnda, rom misTvis
yadaRa daedoT. saqarTvelos imdroindel generalur prokuroramde mivediT rkveva-rkveviT, ratom
dagviyadaRes angariSi. pasuxad is
miviTeT, rom ukve wlebis ganmavlobaSi arsebobda kooperativebi, magram amxela Tanxa arc erTis angariSze ar yofila da unda gaerkviaT, ra xdeboda.
daaxloebiT erTi Tve velodi
am sakiTxis garkvevas da mivxvdi,
rom aq saqme ar gamovidoda. is
fuli, mgoni, arc amiRia. roca angariSi ganblokes, ukve sakmaod mdidaric viyavi da im fulsac Rirebuleba dakarguli hqonda.
Tumca, xom iciT, zogi Wiri margebeliao. am istoriis mere wavedi ruseTSi. saqarTveloSi rom
davrCeniliyavi, albaT, biznesis warmoebis amxela masStabebze ver gavidodi.
- „ar minda, rame iseTi gavakeTo,
rac piradi Tavisufleba SemizRudavs“, - es fraza Tqveni gancxadebidan aris. axerxebT am principis dacvas?
- piradi Tavisuflebis SenarCunebas yovelTvis vaxerxebdi. niWieri adamianis Cemeul formulaSic
asea: niWierma adamianma unda moaxerxos, rom Tavisi qmedebiT sicocxle da Tavisufleba ar daayenos eWvqveS, sacixod ar gaixados
saqme, kanoni ar daarRvios da a.S.
mgoni, vaxerxebdi amas arcTu uniWod. Tu ar CavTvli bolo svlas
(politikaSi mosvlas), roca arCevanis gareSe davrCi da iZulebuli gavxdi, gadamedga es nabiji.
Tumca, dRes bednieri var, rom gadavdgi es nabiji da ar davrCi Tavisuflebis lokaluri da Zalian
subieqturi aRqmis sibrtyeze. globalurad Tu ginda, Tavisufali
iyo, Seni qveyanac Tavisufali unda
iyos. Tavisuflad srulfasovnad
marto Sens qveyanaSi grZnob Tavs,
SennairebTan erTad. Tu es gaklia,
sadac ar unda waxvide, verc Tavisufali iqnebi da verc bednieri.
- Tqveni biznesi ruseTSi im
dros ayvavda, romelzec zogadad
aseTi kliSe arsebobs: kriminalis,
Zlieri mfarvelebis da sisxliani dapirispirebebis gareSe didi
fulis Sovna SeuZlebeli iyo...
- me maqvs Cemi piradi istoria,
rogor vqmnidi bizness. albaT, gaxsovT e.w. ñåìèáàíêèðùèíà - ruseTis msxvili biznesis araoficialuri erToba, romelSic Cemi dafuZnebuli banki Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-ic iTvleboda. sul mqonda
ocnebad, wlebis mere davmsxdariyaviT imdroindeli msxvili biznesmenebi da gagvexsenebina, vin ras
akeTebda. maTgan yvelasTan vmegobrdi da konfliqtSi aravisTan Sevsulvar, roca danarCenebi erTmaneTs araerTxel daupirispirdnen
da Tan Zalian daundobladac.
ase rom, Cemi pasuxi Cems konkretul qmedebebSi devs. sam patara
istorias getyviT: roca sainvesticio auqcionze mixailovskis samTogamamdidrebeli kombinatis 20%
SeviZine da cota xanSi sainvesticio programis gaTvlebSi Secdomebi aRmovaCine, programa TviTneburad ar Sevcvale da es paketi saxelmwifos davubrune. garwmunebT,
es magaliTi uprecedentoa ruseTis privatizaciis istoriaSi.
roca 1998 wlis defolti gamocxadda, Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-s
arc erT valdebulebaze uari ar
uTqvams (rac yvela sxva bankma
gaakeTa) da yvela bolomde gavistumreT. dabolos, umsxvilesi tiumenis sanavTobo kompaniis yidvis
istorias gavixseneb, sadac partniorebad me da viqtor veqselbergi
(amJamad forbis siis #64, qoneba
- 12,4 miliardi) gamovdiodoT.
magram rogorc ki am privatizebis
kanoniereba daayenes eWvqveS, maSinve
gamoveTiSe process. ratom, ar SemeZlo Tvali damexuWa? veqselbergi
dResac am aqtivis mepatronea da
mec viqnebodi, magram Cems princips
ewinaaRmdegeboda am auqcionSi monawileoba: Tu procesis kanoniereba
iotisodena eWvs mainc iwvevs, iq
araferi mesaqmeba.
- mokled, unda davijeroT, rom
mTeli Tqveni qoneba yvelaze areul
dros steriluri, kanonieri sqemebiTa ris dagrovili?
- garwmunebT, ukanonos veravin
verafers gamixsenebs. aqamdec bevrjer ecadnen, magram ukanono verasodes veraferi naxes. araTu kanoni
ar damirRvevia, imasac veravin gaixsnebs, rom vinmes sityva gavutexe.
biznesSi araferi imaleba: vin visTan
iyo, vin „SavebTan“ megobrobda, vis
vin „kriSavda“ - yvelaferi iSifreba. aba, vinmem daasaxelos Cemi aseTi
saeWvo kavSirebi. ver daasaxeleben
- ar arsebobs da imitom.
ar var gansakuTrebuli, magram
meyo niWi da goniereba, rom arasodes safrTxis qveS ar dameyenebina
Cemi sicocxle da kriminalebTan
ar memuSava. bevri Seewira. bevric
cixeSi aRmoCnda. me es avicile.
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
9
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
did fulTan damokidebulebac
specifikuri maqvs. SeiZleba, xSirad
„irTvebodes“ sportuli Jini, rom
meti iSovo, magram kanonis darRvevis safasurad an lobirebiT ar
amiRia araferi.
- saeWvo magaliTad ruseTis
Zvirfasi liTonebis saxelmwifo
kompaniasTan (ÐîñÄðàãÌåò) Tqvens
kavSirs asaxeleben...
- am kompaniasTan mxolod wminda
saqmiani Sexeba mqonda. oqros biznesSi uSualod vmonawileobdi.
mqonda oqros karierebi nayidi, afinaJis qarxana avaSene magadanSi da
sakmao warmatebiTac vamuSavebdi.
Tumca, unda giTxraT, rom oqro
Zalian rTuli biznesia. me viyavi
am biznesSi da, gamogitydebiT, wagebiT wamovedi iqidan.
am seqtorSi Cveulebrivi investicia mqonda dabandebuli da droTa ganmavlobaSi am biznesidan gamovedi, radgan sakmaod kriminalizebuli da uprognozo iyo. mas mere,
rac am bizness gamoveTiSe, cxrajer
Semamowmes. rogor ggoniaT, darReva
rom mqonoda, es daimaleboda?
dausabuTebeli braldebebi ar
mikvirs. erT xans im Teoriasac
aviTarebdnen, rom kriminalur avtoritet oTar kvantriSvils hqonia
damsaxureba Cems warmatebebSi.
- tyuilia?
- arc ki vicnobdi am adamians.
ise mokvda, xelic ar mqonda CamorTmeuli, nanaxic ar myavda. esec
ar iyos, mtkicebas, rom Cems warmatebaSi wvlili mas miuZRoda, erTi
magaliTi mainc xom unda adasturebdes? ar arsebobs aseTi magaliTi.
- kvantriSvilisgan gansxvavebiT,
cnobilia Tqveni urTierTobis istoria vladimir ruSailosTan, romelic ruseTSi organizebul danaSaulTan brZolas kurirebda, mogvianebiT ki Sinagan saqmeTa ministri
gaxda.
- CemTvis saamayoa, rom araTu
ar viyavi arasodes kriminalTan,
arc vuxdidi mas. sircxvilad mimaCnda, rom saqmes me vakeTeb da
fuli Turme sxvas unda vuxado,
kacma ar icis, raSi.
raRac etapamde sxvadasxva gzebiT vaxerxebdi kriminaluri samyaros gacurebas. ruSailosTan pirvelad maSin mivedi, roca saqarTveloSi Cemi Zma moitaces. gamosasyidze midioda laparaki da maSin
miTxres, rom ruSailo damexmareboda, Tumca didad veraferSi damexmara. roca biznesebze kriminalis
dawola gaZlierda, me viyavi Sexvedris iniciatori, mivedi masTan
da SevTavaze, rom gadavuxdidiT
fuls da Cveni biznesi daecvaT.
Tavidan xelebi gaasavsava, es qrTamiao da uars acxadebda, magram
davamSvide, rom araferi msgavsi
ar iqneboda, yvelaferi oficialurad gakeTdeboda.
ori Sexvedris mere davarwmune
Cemi azris logikurobaSi, gavakeTeT
proeqti da Sevedi Sinagan saqmeTa
ministr viqtor erinTan, romelmac
moawera xeli da Seiqmna msxvili
biznesis dacvis specialuri ganyofileba. erTi kviris Semdeg yvela
msxvili biznesmeni mlocavda, imdenad Sveba iyo maTTvis am samsaxuris Seqmna. vfiqrob, karga nabiji iyo, rac gavakeTe. marTalia,
bankis dacvis samsaxurSi aTasze
meti TanamSromeli myavda, magram
es ar iyo sakmarisi: Tu vinme kriminaluri avtoriteti miadgeboda,
dacva iyo ususuri. oficialuri
saxelmwifo organo aseT viTarebaSi
gacilebiT unariani iyo.
- sul xazs usvamT, rom privatizebis procesSi ar interesdebodiT iseTi qonebiT, romlis dasauflebladac konfliqtebi iyo mosalodneli. aba, ra gziT daagroveT aseTi mimzidveli aqtivebi?
- Tu vinmes hqonda nebismieri
aqtivis SeZenis saSualeba, erTerTi upirvelesi viyavi, ramdenadac
avage universaluri didi banki
da mqonda saSualo da wvrili
klientebis fulze dafuZnebuli
pasivebi, rac ufro sando da saimedo resursia. Tan, mudmivad biznesis rekapitalizaciasac vaxdendi
da esec Cemi warmatebis erT-erTi
sawindaria. sxvebi ZiriTadad fuls
gareT eqaCebondnen da resursebs
kargavdnen.
mokled, iseTi fuli mqonda, nebismier auqcionSi SemeZlo monawileobis miReba. magram navTobisa
da aluminis aqtivebze nadiroba
Zalian saSiSi iyo da arc gavkarebivar imis miuxedavad, rom uamravi saSualeba mqonda. iq TiTis Seyofa ar SeiZleboda, radgan mTlianad kriminalizebuli iyo da sami
Tavi unda gqonoda, rame rom gecada.
magram iyo sxva aqtivebi, romebic aranakleb faseuli iyo, magram aravin aqcevda yuradRebas.
- magaliTad?
- krasnoairskis aluminis qarxnis (ÊÐÀÇ) istorias mogiyvebiT. am qarxnis garSemo gauTavebeli omi midioda da uamravi xalxi daixoca kidec, SeiZleba yvelaze
metic erTi sawarmos SemTxevaSi.
ÊÐÀÇ-is gverdiT ki (erTi Robe
hyofda) arsebobda krasnoiarskis
metalurgiuli qarxana (ÊÐÀÌÇ).
orive im angariSiT iyo aSenebuli,
rom erTiani sawarmoo jaWvi SeeqmnaT - aluminis qarxanaSi warmoebuli nedleuli metalurgiul
qarxanaSi saboloo produqtebad
unda qceuliyo da ase gayiduliyo. Tumca, roca me krasnoiarskSi
Cavedi, ÊÐÀÇ-is mepatronebs ÊÐÀÌÇ-is saqmianoba saerTod ar ainteresebdaT - mTel nedleuls pirdapir yiddnen sazRvargareT valutaze. Sedegad, metalurgiuli qarxana
ramdenime weli gaCerebuli iyo.
swored misi aqciebis Sesyidva
daviwye - vafasebdi ZiriTad fon-
debs, romlis Rirebulebac 2-3jer aWarbebda ÊÐÀÇ-isas, romlis
garSemoc omebi ar wydeboda. ase,
kapikebSi - 15 Tu 20 milion dolarad viyide ÊÐÀÌÇ-is aqciaTa
20-30%.
mogvianebiT, roca ÊÐÀÇ-is aqciaTa saxelmwifos sakuTrebaSi darCenili 20% unda gayiduliyo,
interesebi da lobisturi omebi
imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom didxans
ver i poves meqanizmi, rogor gaeyidaT. bolos, ÊÐÀÇ-is da ÊÐÀÌÇis qoneba gaaerTianes, msxvili sainvesticio paketi gaakeTes da ise
gaitanes gasayidad. anu im sawarmos,
romlis aqciebsac me gamalebiT
vyidulobdi da ukve 30% vflobdi,
uecrad didi fasi daedo. daviwye
am aqciebis Sesyidvis axali forsi-
ni fulia), „pasivis“ did nawils
vaaqtiurebdiT TviTon.
am wyaroebiT mobilizebul saxsrebiT SeviZine is ZiriTadi qarxnebi (magalitad, mixailovskis da
stoilenskis samTo-gamamdidrebeli kombinatebi), romlebic mogvianebiT sarfianad gaiyida. Tumca,
roca vyidulobdi, es sawarmoebi
„Cawolili“ iyo, aravis undoda.
- Tqven rad gindodaT?
- perspeqtivas vxedavdi. roca
samTo kombinatebi viyide, metalurgiul qarxnebs pirdapir gahqondaT
nedleuli saeqsportod, gamamdidrebeli warmoeba naklebad ainteresebdaT. iyo Warbwarmoeba da metalurgebi fasebs TviTneburad gviwesebdnen.
aseT viTarebaSi viyide es qarxne-
faqtiurad, axal savizito baraTs
iRebda.
CemTvis sargebeli is iyo, rom
aseTi partniori ufro loialuri
xdeboda, angariSi Cems bankSi hqonda,
sesxebi Cemgan mihqonda, umniSvnelo SeRavaTebiT sargeblobda (magaliTad, urigod ixileboda misi
sakiTxi sakredito komitetze).
amis sanacvlod vice-prezidentis
statusis gacema (romelic wminda
sapatio funqcia iyo) Rirda.
- 1989 wels yvelafris dakargvis safrTxe memuqrebodao, ambobT.
ram gadagarCinaT?
- cxadia, mqonda gaTvlebi, rom
bazris dacema usasrulod ver gagrZeldeboda, magram zustad prognozireba, rom fasebi 2-3 weliwadSi
Zvel niSnulze dabrundeboda, ara-
aqtiuri sabanko moTamaSea.
- cxadia, is komerciuli bankia,
Tumca Tu naxavT mis saqmianobas,
darwmundebiT, rom es ar iyo CemTvis biznesis sakeTeblad Seqmnili
banki. „qarTu“ pirveli organizacia iyo, rac aq gavxseni, radgan
aqeT sul vixedebodi da mindoda
qveyanas davxmarebodi. imis kvalobaze, kapitali rogor mezrdeboda,
survilic meti iyo.
mindoda, „qarTu“ sainvesticio
banki yofiliyo da qveyanaSi saqmiani aqtivobis zrdas daxmareboda.
magaliTad, sesxis 25% msesxeblisTvis migveca uprocentod, Segveqmna sxva meqanizmebic, raTa investori ufro dainteresebuliyo da
gacilebiT iolad mieRo gadawyvetileba biznesis dawyebaze. samwu-
6,4 miliardis saidumlo
biznesmeni marTvis modelis, warmatebis da bednierebis Sesaxeb
reba da dReSi zogjer ormagdeboda da sammagdeboda maTi Rirebuleba. mere daiwyo muqara (santropeSic ki momagnes telefoniT),
Tumca, ar SevSindi, fasi ar davagde, kargad gavyide da ise wamovedi. mokled, praqtikulad SemTxveviT movxvdi iq da mogeba vnaxe.
- daSineba rogor xdeboda?
- jer kidev safrangeTSi viyavi,
roca Cemi warmomadgeneli damikavSirda da aseTi istoria miambo:
Cemi kompaniis menejerebi viTom
Cemi davalebiT, motyuebiT Casves
manqanaSi da mogvianebiT sasaflaoze aiyvanes. aCvenes maTi saflavebi,
vinc aluminis qarxnisTvis brZolaSi daiRupa, SesTavazes, aerCiaT,
surdaT Tu ara igive bedis gaziareba da sasaflaoze datoves.
- „Cven vakeTebdiT imas, rasac
sxvebi ar akeTebdnen“, - ase daaxasiaTeT bank Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèòis saqmianoba. ras akeTebdiT amdenad gansxvavebuls?
- Ñáåðáàíê-is Semdeg, praqtikulad, pirveli banki gavxdiT im rekapitalizaciisa da saqmianobis Semdeg, rac gavwieT. rogorc momsaxurebis universalurobis, aseve filialebis raodenobiTac viyaviT
meore. arada, bankis pirveli filiali sabavSvo baRis SenobaSi gvqonda. vfiqrob, swored is modeli
iyo saintereso, ramac sabolood
warmatebuli SedegisTvis migvaRwevina. warmoidgineT viTareba, roca
Zalian rTuli iyo Senobis naxva
filialis mosawyobad, imdeni fuli
ki ar iyo, rom Cven TviTon agveSenebina.
amave dros, es is periodia, roca
ekonomiurad saSinel dReSi iyo
mecnierebaTa akademiis institutebi (xelfasebsac ki ver ixdidnen),
sawarmoebis direqtorebi ki daZabulebi iyvnen, radgan privatizacia
mimdinareobda da ar icodnen, ra
elodaT uaxloes momavalSi. bankSi
ki klientura Wirda.
es samive faqtori erTdroulad
arsebobda da is sqema, romelic
movifiqre (erTi Rame gavaTene masze
fiqrSi), samives gamoyenebas iTvaliswinebda: maSin, roca did qarxnebs axal bankSi mosvla ar undodaT, problema iyo bankis gafarToeba da profesionali kadrebis Sovnac, saswrafod gavxseni koleji
da sabanko saqmis swavleba daviwyeT (me TviTonac vkiTxulobdi
leqciebs sawyis etapze) da davgegmeT bankis swrafi eqspansia. daviwye
klientis mozidva da filialebis
gaxsna. me TviTon davdiodi da
sxva da sxva sawarmos Tu institutis (maT Soris, mecnierebaTa
akademiis sistemis) 100-ze met direqtoris Sevxvdi.
Sedegad, movaxerxe ramdenime kurdRlis erTdroulad daWera. igive
akademikosebi da direqtorebi jer
leqciebis sakiTxavad „gadmovqaCeT“
Cvens kolejSi. paralelurad, maTi
institutebisa da sawarmoebis SenobebSi farTs vqiraobdi, iq vawyobdi filials da maTve vniSnavdi
filialis direqtorad. am modelze umravlesoba daviTanxme.
igive direqtorebi (visac ar
hqonda Sesabamisi codna) dadiodnen Cems kolejSi da wrafad gadiodnen sabanko saqmeSi gadamzadebas.
es yvelaze kargi kontingenti iyo,
TiTqmis mza kadri - administratoris gamocdilebiT plus cota
xanSi sabanko saqmis codniT (marto
eqvsi sakavSiro akademikosi iyo
Cemi bankis sxvadasxva filialis
direqtori).
swored es iyo, rac gakeTda Cems
bankSi da ar gakeTebula sxvagan.
es iyo swori gza, rac male dasasturda: is qarxnebi Tu institutebi TavianTsave SenobebSi ganTavsebul filalebSi xsnidnen angariSebs da Tanxebsac izidavdnen, koleji kadrebis samWedlo iyo, korporatiuli sulic Camoyalibda da
profesionalebis denadobac daiwyo.
Sedegad, me miviRe klientic, kolejic, menejerebic, filialebis
qselic da es modeli nel-nela
ganvaviTare mTels ruseTSi, yvelgan
sadac Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-is filialebi ixsneboda.
es procesi swrafad da warmatebiT warimarTa, bankis eqspansia
uzrunveyofili iyo, amasobaSi privatizaciac xurdeboda da saintereso obieqtebi gamovida gasayidad.
banki myari eqspansiuri poziciiT
Sexvda am dros. kargad ganvviTardiT, saSualo da wvrili klienturis fuli iyo Zalian bevri
(rac yvelaze „kargi“, grZelvadia-
bi. ZiriTadad isev fondebs vafasebdi, uzarmazari qarxnebi iyo, rom
gamodioda saprivatizebo cxrili,
vijeqi ramdenime analitikosTan
erTad da vafasebdi, ra iyo aqtivebi, valdebulebebi, cveTa, narCeni
Rirebuleba. ase, detaluri analizis Sedegad viyide samTo-gamamdidrebeli kombinatebi.
vyidulobdi, radgan im momentSi
aravis ainteresebda, me perspeqtiulad mimaCnda, bankSi pasivebis mdgomareobis gamo ki ukve Tavs uflebas vaZlevdi, grZelvadiani dabandebebi gamekeTebina.
ra Tqma unda, dacemul bazarze
Sesyidva SedarebiT iafi iyo da
amitomac iolad „avkrife“ es aqtivebi. Sedegad, erTi xans Savi metalurgiis nedleulis 60%-mde Cems
xelSi iyrida Tavs.
2-3 weli SevinarCune es pozicia, mere procesebic gaaqtiurda:
metalurgebs kartelismagvari SevuqmeniT nedleulis dammuSaveblebma, movxseniT Warbi warmoeba (magaliTi kolegebs TviTon miveci, roca
warmoeba Sevamcire), Seiqmna realuri deficiti da moTxovna da
viTareba Seicvala - metalurgebi
fasebs veRar gvkarnaxobdnen. amiT
vaiZuleT isini, gadaexadaT produqciaSi is, rac Rirda da nel-nela
gavxadeT rentabeluri es qarxnebi. mere kargadac amitom gaiyida.
- „aqcioneri da topmenejeri
erTdroulad var. ruseTSi sxvagvarad SeuZlebelia“, -es Tqveni sityvebia. saqarTveloSi ki yvela biznesSi uflebamosileba delegirebuli gqondaT. ratom? aseTi gansxvavebuli biznes-modelebia am or
qveyanaSi?
- saqarTveloSi biznesi, praqtikulad, ar mqonia. Tu ar CavTvliT
bank „qarTus“, romelic qveynis dasaxmareblad gavxseni da sainvesticio bankad iyo Cafiqrebuli. ruseTSi ki mesakuTre da menejeri
axla aris dayofili, Tumca, dasawyisSi, vinc msxvili biznesi gaakeTa (maT Soris viyavi mec), unda
yofiliyo kargi menejeric da antreprenioric. Tu orive ar iyavi
erTdroulad, warmateba praqtikulad gamoricxuli iyo.
vfiqrob, orive Tviseba kargad
mqonda Serwymuli da es bevr rameSi
damexmara. maSin menejers ver iqiravebdi (es bazari ar arsebobda, bolo
10 weliwadSi Camoyalibda), amitomac filialebs rom vxsnidi, am
procesSic ki bolomde viRebdi
monawileobas da vzrdidi saSualo rgolis menejerebs. banks Tavad
vmarTavdi.
- kidev sad awarmoebdiT bizness? gamigia, rom samxreT-aRmosavleT
aziaSic ki gqondaT aqtivebi.
- warmoidgineT, vinc wina saukunis 90-iani wlebis ruseTSi Sedioda, umetesoba oqros maZiblebiviT iyo. zustad ormag fass adebdnen yvelafers, undodaT swrafi
gamdidreba.
Rilakebiani telefonebis didi
partiis SesaZenad (maSin aseTi aparatebi Zalian popularuli iyo),
sami Tve tenders vatarebdi da
bolos mivxdi, rom dros vkargavdi. safrangeTSi wavedi satelekomunikacio gamofenaze da pirdapir
erT-erTi honkongur kompaniasTan
davde kontraqti. fasebic maSinve
ganaxevrda imasTan SedarebiT, rasac
moskovSi mTavazobdnen. honkongidan
ukve uSualo mwarmoeblebamde, CineTis qarxnebSi Cavedi da, sabolood, ramdenime qarxana SeviZine kidec.
mogvianebiT, es biznesi erT-erT
afrikel partniors davuTme. bankis
Camoyalibeba mqonda dawyebuli da
vaWrobis dro aRar iyo. Tan, ruseTi
gacilebiT saintereso bazari iyo,
radgan 1-2 weliwadSi xdeboda
kapitalis gaormageba, rasac sxvagan aTwleulebi undoda. amitom
ar mqonia mcdeloba, bevr sxva qveyanas movdebodi.
- msxvili klientebis mepatroneebs da top-menejerebs Ðîññèéñêèé Êðåäèò-is vice-prezidentebad
niSnavdiT. SegiZliaT amixsnaT, ra
logikiT?
- esec bankis eqspansiis nawili
iyo. filialebis direqtorebadac
vniSnavdi, partniorebic xdebodnen
da a.S. vice-prezidentebis statusis miniWeba amis gagrZeleba iyo.
banki ukve imdenad saxeliani da
gavleniani iyo, rom msxvili sawarmoebis direqtorebs moswondaT misi vice-prezidentoba. arada, es iseTi posti iyo, rom arc araferi
evaleboda da arc uflebamosilebas aniWebda, klientad rCeboda da,
vis SeeZlo. roca ruseTSi defolti moxda, rTuli arCevanis
winaSe aRmovCndi - gamekotrenbina
banki an damoukideblad damewyo
misi restruqturizacia. meore gza
avarCie, rac Cems kolega bankirebs
ar moswondaT da bankis „gadagdebas“ mirCevdnen, magram klientebs,
romlebTanac kargi urTierToba
mqonda, kari ver davukete da xeli
ver davibane.
Sedegad, sxvebma bankebi „gaasufTaves“ da gaaqres, me ki Cemi qoneba
Cavde sagiravno uzrunvelyofaSi
da moziduli saxsrebiT valdebulebebis gastumreba daviwye. Semdeg,
am valdebulebebis droulad „dasaxurad“ aqtivebis nawilis (lebedinski samTo-gamamdidrebeli kombinati, oriolis milsaglinavi qarxana, qarxana „tulaCermeti“) gayidvac momixda, Tan sabazroze bevrad
dabal fasad.
Cemi qonebis fass krizisis Semdgom 2-3 weliwadSi (roca pirveli sabanko gadasaxdelebi miwevda)
rom ar moemata, cxadia, mTel qonebas waiRebdnen kreditorebi. magram
sworad gavTvale, rom zrda iqneboda. ase rom, Cemi mxridan riski
iyo, magram azriani. es saxis SesanarCuneblad gavakeTe, Tumca, romc
ar meqna, veravin verafers metyoda,
radgan aseTi restruturizacia
aravis gaukeTebia.
am nabijis plusi isic iyo, rom
biznes-istebliSmentSi, gansakuTrebiT evropasa da aSS-Si, kargi saxeli momitana.
- metalurgiuli aqtivebi sakmaod kargi biznes-koniunqturis pirobebSi gayideT. xom ar gaiZules?
- ara, namdvilad ar vyofilvar
iZulebuli. ubralod gadavwyvite,
fulis gamo Tavisufleba ar damekarga. vurCie bevrs, rom gaeyidaT
TvalismomWreli aqtivebi, radgan
ruseTSi politikuri sistema da
TamaSis wesebi icvleboda. meore
samTo-mompovebeli qarxana rom gavyide, pirvelis gayidvis Sesaxeb
mxolod maSin gaiges. rom dametovebina es aqtivebi, didi albaTobiT
qonebis gadanawilebis axal talRaSi moxvdeboda. amitom msxvili
aqtivebi gavyide da iseTebi davitove, rac ar xvdeba TvalSi - samSeneblo, rasac maSin aseTi fasi
ar hqonda, „kauCuki“, rac axla
yvelaze Zviri Rirs da sxvebic.
- „gazpromis“ aqcioneri marTla
xarT? xSirad mesmis, rom misi aqciebis daaxloebiT 1%-s flobT.
- ho, da Tan Zalian sasacilod
da araprofesiulad svamen am kiTxvas. odesRac, 7-8 wlis winaT marTlac mqonda portfelSi „gazpromis“ aqciebis 1%-mde, rac gavaormage da mniSvnelovani sargebliT
gavyide. exlac SeiZleba mqondes
portfelSi 10 an 20 milionis
aqciebi, magram am informacias operatiulad ar vakontroleb, radgan
ama Tu im emitentis aqciebis portfelSi qona damokidebulia im
menejerze, romelic portfels marTavs. dRes SeiZleba portfelSi
iyos ama Tu im emitentis 50 milionamde dolaris aqciebi, xval aRarc erTi centis. es Cveulebrivad, portfelis marTvis strategiis Sesabamisad xdeba. Tumca, vici,
rom amJamad romelime msxvili emitentis aqciebis msxvil pakets, samwuxarod, ar vflob.
- ras warmoadgens sainvesticio
kompania „unikori“, romelic Tqvens
aqtivebs aerTianebs?
- wlebis manZilze Cemi ZiriTadi biznes-holdingi iyo „metaloinvesti“. roca masSi Semavali ori
qarxana gavyide, es brendic maTTan
erTad mivyide aliSer usmanovs
(forbis siis #28, qoneba 18,1 miliardi, ruseTis umdidresi adamiani). saxeli „unikori“ ki „universaluri korporaciidan“ modis, romelSic Sedis Cemi safinanso, savaWro, samrewvelo, agraruli, samSeneblo, farmacevtuli da sxva aqtivebi. Tumca, amJamad masSi Semaval
biznesebs vyidi, Tan ise, rom maTi
umetesobis saTanado kapitalizacia
ver movaswari da sabazroze dabal
fasad gaiyideba.
rogorc „unikoris“ farglebSi,
aseve mis miRmac mravalmxrivi investiciebi maqvs ganxorcielebuli.
erTaderTi, sadac ver movsinje sakuTari SesaZleblobebi da guli
mwydeba, zerentabeluri maRali teqnologiebis seqtoria.
- ratom miiCnevT, rom saqarTveloSi biznesi ar gaqvT? igive banki
„qarTu“ aseulobiT milioni laris aqtivebs flobs da sakmaod
xarod, am modelma ar imuSava.
- jer kidev wlebis win gavrcelda informacia, rom qarTuli aqtivebis gayidva gindodaT. ratom?
- imitom, rom saqarTveloSi aqtivebis marTvas didi dro undoda, rac ar mqonda. maSin unda movwyvetodi im saqmes, rasac sazRvargareT vakeTebdi da rac saSualebas maZlevda, bevrad meti gamekeTebina saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi adamianebisTvis. TumcaRa, cxadia, qvelmoqmedaze gacilebiT swori gzaa
biznesis warmoeba da samuSao adgilebis Seqmna, Tu adamianebis daxmareba ginda.
- partniorebs rogor arCevdiT
saqarTveloSi?
- praqtikulad, arc damWirvebia.
pirveli fsoni bankis mmarTvelad
naTesavze gavakeTe, rac didi Secdoma iyo - naTesavic davkarge da
saqmec ver ganviTarda. saqarTvelo
Zalian specifikuria am mxriv, dResac rTulia partnioris SerCeva.
- gogi TofaZe rogor moZebneT?
- TviTon momZebna, roca sabanko
sesxis saWiroeba iyo, partniorobis
SemoTavazebac misgan modioda. bakurianis proeqts roca vakeTebdiT,
maSin davmegobrdiT. gogi Zalian
aqtiurobda, bevrs cdilobda. CemTvis yvelanairad misaRebi partnioria: garda imisa, rom biznesmenia,
bevri ramis keTeba unda, bevri sxva
biznesmenisgan gamoirCeva. kargi variantia partniorobisTvis imiTac,
rac samuSao adgilebs qmnis (rac
Cems SemTxvevaSi naklebad xdeba)
da arc erT proeqts lokalurad
ar miCnevs, yovelTvis mis gafarToebazea orientirebuli. esec, Cemi
azriT, kargi Tvisebaa.
- imis miuxedavad, rom ukve TiTqmis naxevari welia, sajaro figura
gaxdiT, mainc naklebi warmodgeba
gvaqvs, ra Sexeduleba gaqvT bevr
mniSvnelovan sakiTxze. magaliTad,
rogori unda iyos ekonomikuri
politika. cota mets ar gvetyviT
am sakiTxze?
- sakmao dro gavida imisTvis,
rom mokle gancxadebebiT aRar vifarglebode, magram mainc mokled
vamjobineb.
ra sWirdeba ekonomikas? Zalian martivi ram: unda iyos Tavisufali bazari da Cinovnikebi ar
unda marTavdnen mas. Tu es ar
aris uzrunvelyofili, laparaki
ekonomikur kategoriebze siRrmiseuli wiaRsvlebiT cota TvalTmaqcobad mimaCnia. Tu sasamarTlo
da media Tavisufali ar aris da
nebismier Cinovniki TviTon aris
biznsemeni, aq rame ekonomikur politikaze laparaki uadgiloa.
pirveli amocana swored es unda
iyos - biznesi unda ganTavisufldes Cinovnikebisgan. amis mere
ukve aqvs azri davas sagadasaxado
sakiTxebze, infrastruqturis mowyobis modelze, sabiujeto da socialur politikaze... magram Tavisufali bazrisTvis aucilebeli
pirobebis ararsebobis SemTxevaSi,
yvela es msjeloba spekulaciaa.
- iRbliani xarT?
- ar vityvi, rom ki, magram arc
uamisobaa. 1991 wels aziis erTerTi umsxvilesi BCCI banki rom
gakotrda da iq 9-10 milioni dolari davkarge, pirvelad maSin gavkotrdi. ra vici, amas rogor davarqva iRblianoba? meored, ukve giTxariT, 1998 wels rogor viyavi gakotrebis piras.
Tumca, uiRblobasac ver mivawer
Cems Tavs. ra Tqma unda, fortunas
aqvs mniSvneloba, magram ZiriTadad
adamiani SromiT aRwevs Sedegs.
- warmatebis Tqveneuli formula miTxariT.
- jer ganvsazRvroT warmatebuli adamiani. CemTvis warmatebulia,
visac hyavs kargi ojaxi, uxaria
Sin yofna, dilas samsaxurSi wasvla
da saRamos - saxlSi dabruneba.
es ukve warmatebaa. Tu adamians
aqvs gaTboba, wamali, saxuravi da
weliwadSi erTxel SvebulebaSi
wasvlasac axerxebs, CemTvis es
ukve warmatebuli adamiania.
gansakuTrebiT warmatebuls ki
erTi ram emateba - niWiereba, romelic pirobiTac ori nawilisgan
Sedgeba: daaaxloebiT naxevari ekuTvnis inteleqts, naxevari - jansaR
fsiqikas. Tu jansaRi fsiqika gaqvs,
Seni inteleqtis Sesabamiss gaakeTeb da Sedegs miiReb. Tu sayvarel
profesias irCev, karg ojaxs afuZneb, kargi meuRle da Svilebs gyavs,
warmatebulic swored maSin xar.
ar mimaCnia, rom Warbi fuli
aris warmatebis simbolo. bevri
mdidari vici, vinc gaubedurebulia
da ar icis, risTvis cxovrobs,
mTeli sicocxle sdevda fuls,
iSova kidec, magram imave riskebze
„zis“, rac adre hqonda da me ver
vxedav maT warmatebas da bednierebas.
me damlagebladac vmuSaobdi, sapirfareSoc damilagebia, fexSiSveli davrbodi bavSvobaSi, magram
ubeduri viyavi-meTqi, naRdad ar
vityvi. Cems Svilebsac ase vuxsni
xSirad. maT araferi akliaT, magram
Cemze bednieri bavSvoba aqvT-meTqi,
ver vityvi. maT asakSi araferi
mqonda, magram mainc bednieri viyavi.
- fulis wili ramdenia warmatebaSi?
- zustad imdeni, rom gqondes
janmrTeloba, wamalze ar fiqrobde,
ar iSimSilo, saxuravi gefaros.
amis iqiT, rogorc zedmeti wina
ar varga, ise zedmeti fuli ar varga. Tan, rac dro gadis, sul ufro
naTeli xdeba, rom Znelia, erTma
adamianma Seiqmnas warmatebis istoria ise, Tu garemo ar aris jansaRi. qveyanac unda gqondes warmatebuli, stabiluri, arc moxucebulobis geSinodes da maSin es
iqneba 100%-iani warmateba: stabilur qveyana, sayvareli samsaxuri
da sayvareli ojaxi Tu gaqvs, am SemTxvevaSi fulis wili umniSvneloa.
- forbis miliarderebis sias
rom vuyureb, Zalian bevrs umaRlesi
ganaTleba ar aqvs. ganaTleba warmatebas xels rom uwyobs, TiTqos
aRiarebuli faqtia. SeiZleba uSlides kidec?
- isev Cemi praqtikidan gi pasuxebT: roca „peresptroika“ daiwyo,
sakmao ganaTleba mqonda. sadoqtoro TiTqmis mzad mqonda, Tumca
rogorc ki bizness mivyavi xeli,
mivxvdi, rom iq manamde miRebul
ganaTlebas araviTari mniSvneloba
ar hqonda. me rom ganaTlebasa da
akademiur ekonomikur codnaze damyarebuli biznesi damewyo, daviRupebodi. biznsmens ufro sxva mocemuloba sWirdeba, Tumca menejeris
SemTxvevaSi ganaTlebas didi roli
eniWeba. antrepreniors ganaTlebaze metad sxva ram sWirdeba- upirvelesad, xedva, unda xedavdes perspeqtivas. gansakuTrebiT iseT situaciaSi, roca me daviwye biznesi roca precedentebi ar arsebobda
da analizs ver gaakeTebdi. daimsxvra uzarmazari imperia, xdeboda
qonebis gadanawileba, sirbilSi iwereboda kanonebi, aranairi stabiluroba ar arsebobda...
aseTi viTareba dResac xSirad
iqmneba. amitomac mewarmisTvis zogjer codna da wesebis brmad miyola SeiZleba damRupvelic ki aRmoCndes. seriozul warmatebas Tu
ginda miaRwio, mxolod codnaze
dafuZnebiT Zalian gagiWirdeba.
codnam SeiZleba xelic SegiSalos,
rasac me bevrjer gadavawydi: adamianebi cdiloben moirgon wignebSi
nanaxi modelebi da formulebi
da araferi gamosdiT. xSirad tradiciuli codna siaxlis danaxvas
xels uSlis.
amitom aris, roca brein Stormingebs atareben, sxva, xSirad Temisgan sruliad mowyvetil adamianebs
rTaven procesSi, rom sxva fokusiT, sxva rakursidan Sexedon viTarebas da faseul ideas miagnon.
- spontanuri xarT?
- ara, magram Zalian swrafad
viReb gadawyvetilebebs. swrafi azrovneba maqvs, Tumca analizis gareSe arafers vwyvet.
- albaT Zalian bevr molaparakebaSi migiRiaT monawileoba. ra
ganwyobiT da „SeiaraRebiT“ ujdebiT xolme molaparakebis magidas?
- sworad vxedav mizans. miznis
Camoyalibebis gareSe saerTod ar
unda waxvide aranair molaparakebaze. Tu es ar ici, arc Secdomebisgan xar dazRveuli. mTavaria,
kargad xedavde mizans da Tan ara
marto Sensas - meore mxaris mizansac unda acnobierebde, grZnobde,
ra unda da yovelTvis unda iyo
ganwyobili balansis mosaZebnad.
- roca arc sruli informacia
gaqvT, arc sakmarisi dro da gadawyvetilebac swrafad aris misaRebi, aseT dros ras eyrdnobiT?
- alRos, gamocdilebas, niWs...
visac es yvelaferi kompleqsSi
aqvs da SeuZlia situacia sworad
Seafasos drois da informaciis
simciris miuxedavad, albaT amiT
gamoirCeva kide naklebad warmatebulebisgan.
- planetis umdidresi adamiani
karlos slim elu ambobs, rom umjobesia adamians misce samuSao,
vidre daexmaro mas. Tqven bevrs
exmarebiT. Tqveni soflis an raionis magaliTze rom SevafasoT, ra
mieciT da ra waarTviT am adamianebs permanentuli daxmarebebiT?
- apriori veTanxmebi, rom roca
SegiZlia samuSao adgilis Seqmnas,
jobia Seqmna da daasaqmo, vidre
daexmaro. rac Seexeba Cems SemTxvevas, am raodenobis samuSao adgilis Seqmna rom damewyo, gacilebiT
nakleb adamians damexmarebodi da
qveyanasac naklebad wavadgebodi.
sainvesticio bankis Seqmnis idea
imitom mqonda, rom swored axali
biznesebis gaCenis da dasaqmebisTvis
Semewyo xeli. cxadia, SeiZlebloda
kidev erTi an ori mcire sawarmo
Semeqmna (kidev 200 kaci damesaqmebina) da amaze gadametana meti
dro da yuradReba, magram maSin im
masStabebis biznesis awyobas ver
SevZlebdi, rac soliduri daxmarebebis da qvelmoqmedebis resurss
maZlevda.
esec ar iyos, ras vakeTebdi, ras
iRebda xalxi Cemgan? elementaruls, sasicocxlo pirobebis dasakmayofilebels, rac ar hqondaT.
dasasruli me11 gverdze >>>
10
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
arc sakravis fexis gamoyvanaSi. xemic orTave sakravs
mSvildiseburi hqonda, meomruli suli Cades sakravSi
mordumac da pelazgmac, da
mitom. am sakravis muceli
ostats fiWvisgan daemzadebina,
mordu ki soWisgan akeTebda,
tars ki muxisgan amzadebda,
am Wianurs Tavi da yeli aryisa hqonda. Wuniris kiduri
simebi kvartas diapazoniT iyo
ganwyobili, romlis Sua simi
qveda simTan tercias warmoSobda, zedasTan ki sekundas,
Wianuric kvartiT iyo gawyobili, oRond Sua simi ar
hqonda.
xeliT mousinja medeam sakravs tyavi da muceli, gamTbari iyo Tu ara axlad danTili cecxlis simxurvalisgan.
nela Tbeboda saerTod tyavi
da nelave aTbobda sakravs,
samagierod es siTbo karga
xans ar gadioda da bgerebsac
gasaocar siTbos aniWebda, zogjer simxurvalesac ki. medeam Wianuri fexebs Soris Caidga, marcxena xelis TiTebiT
sakravis yelze bgerebi aiRo,
marjveniT ki xemi daiWira
da orive sims dausva. gasaocarma hangma dafara oTaxi.
sivrcis usazRvroeba mieca
Tvalis siviwroves da Soreul mogonebebSi gadaisrola
melodiis tkbilxmovanebam
rogorc damkvreli, ise msmeneli. gonebaSi gadaiSala yvelaze mimzidveli suraTebi,
rac ki odesme ganucdiaT medeasac da pelazgsac.
gareT uceb Camobnelda, sicivem iWarba oTaxSic da maspinZeli iZulebuli gaxda,
cecxlisTvis metad SeenTo
SeSa. es mTeli zamTris ukanaskneli narCeni iyo, rac ki darCeniliyo da amRam unda daewva. imedovnebda pelazgi, aRar
dasWirdeboda cota xniT mainc xis moWra, radgan am axal
muguzals kargad Seinaxavda
nacarSi.
CrdiloeTidan SemoWrili
Savi Rrubeli elviseburi siswrafoT moefina mTels ukideganobas. ramdenime wuTis
win sruliad kamkama ca mTlianad Camoiqufra. sul axlodan SemoesmaT Smagi zRvis
Relva, romelic boboqrobiT
CaZirvas uqadda yvelafders
da Tavisken iTrevda napirze
dayril qviSas. qaric amovarda da TiTqos glejda xis
totebs. es ar hgavda aia-qalaqis qarebs, sadac usazRvro
sigiJea da SiSismomgvreli
araa, raimesac rom ar aSavebs,
iseTi. aqauri gazafxulis qarebi ki sulSi gamWoli siciviT dahqris, fesvebianad
glejs xeebs, zRvis sanapiros
miukarebels xdis da adamianebsac Wams Tavisi gadarevis
dasaokeblad.
irgvliv araferi Canda. medeas sulSi sadRac odesRac
miZinebulma qareulma grZnobam gaiRviZa da mSobliurma
aias qarebma dauares sxeulSi
siamed, qaris sificxe romaa
da cdunebasaviT Semogaparebs
dars. fiqrma waiRo Wianuris
gaWianurebuli moZaxili da
sasmenelisTvis Sesaferisi
ganwyoba Seqmna. aias qarebi
Caatia medeam momnusxav melodiaSi da midrika Tavi simebis sasmenad. yuri miugdo
pelazgma hangs da igive fiqrebi warmoiSva masSi - didebuli pelasgia gaaxsena kacs,
arkadiis uzrunveloba da minosis sasaxleSi mocekvave qalRmerTis statua, knososis
sasaxleze SemonaTebuli Camavali mzis sxivebiT gadawyvetili sevdiani miraJebis gamofena, mzis sxivebs rom Cahqonda
ufskruleTSi Tvalwarmtaci
labirinTebi.
- iyo da ara iyo rao,- Seuxmiana medeam Wianurs Tavisi xma, Zalian hgavdnen es
xmebi erTurTs. ise daiwyo
Txroba, rom verc ki SeamCnia
es verc pelazgma da verc
Tavad medam, TavisTavad warmoiSva Txroba, TiTqos musikis
darad esec gardauval aucileblobas warmoadgenda,- RvTis ukeTesi ra iqnebodao.
iyo Citi mgalobeli, RmerTi
Cveni mwyalobeli. Cems mamulSi erTi mSvenieri asuli
cxovrobda, av Tvals ar enaxveboda, iseTi iyo. mas idea erqva.
zogi ambobda qalRmerTiao,
zogic kidev qalRmerTis
Sviliao,
zogi romeliRac RvTaebas
miawerda mis gaCenas,
zogic kidev imas ambobda,
araviTari RvTeba, mokvdavi kacis Sviliao.
vinc amas ambobda, mas dascinodnen, ra ici Sen, vin ra
ariso, an saerTod ra gagegeba Sen qalRmerTebzeo. am asuls dedac hyavda da mamac.
adreulad daixocnen ise, rom
Svilis damSvenebas ver moeswrnen. iyo da izrdeboda RvTis anabarad es bavSvi,
arc vis ras uSavebda,
arc vin ras uSavebda.
xarobda sofeli am asuliT. satrfoc bevri hyolia,
misTvis vaglaxad xeli aravis uxlia, kolxebi iyvnen
jiSad da modgmiT, da mitom.
iqamde mTis gaRmiTganac
mosulan mSvenieri ideis xelis saTxovnelad. guli ar
gaxsnoda arc erT raindze
da amitom mamulis Svilebma
Tqves,- vadrovoT, iqneb Tavad
i povos Rirseuli saqmro da
Cvenc mis nebas davyvebiTo.
Zala ar dautanebiaT misTvis,
radgan qalRmerTad racxdnen.
Sehxarodnen misi damnaxavi
ymawvilkacebi dRe-mavals da
TavianT cxovrebas Sinaarsians xdidnen nadirobdnen Tu Sromobdnen,
lxinobdnen Tu uqmobdnen,
yovelTvis masze fiqrobdnen da misTvis akeTebdnen
yvelafers,
Tu rames akeTebdnen.
mamulic simSvidesa da xalisSi Cafluliyo. yvela saTiTood eloda, rom ginda
Tu ara, mxolod igi gaxdeboda lamazi ideis rCeuli,
am imediT gakeTilSobildnen
mamulis Svilebi, meti RvTaerivi Tviseba SeiZines, sisxlsa
da xorcSi gaujdaT madliani
buneba. moTminebiT elodnen
asulis gulis gaxsnas. aba
ugulod idea vis rad undoda,
guliani biWebi iyvnen, da mitom.
yvelas hqonda imedi, yvelaze davrdomilsac ki, radgan
ideis gverdiT isic Tavs bednierad grZnobda. asulsac
arasodes gamouvlenia TavkerZoba, yvelasTan urTierTobaSi
uSualo iyo. TanatolebTan
mTelis gulwrfelobiT megobrobda. arc erT sxva
asuls masze guli ar mosvlia,
arc Suri CaubudebiaT gulebSi, radgan yvela maTgans TavianTi mTxovneli hyavda da
arasodes sxvaTa satrfos
ideaze Tvali ar gaqcevia.
aravis cxovrebaSi cudad ar
iWreboda da arc aravis Txovda mowyalebas. rogorc sxva
Sromobda, igic ise iyo garjili. idea moxucsac uyvarda
da axalgazrdasac. yvela iviwyebda sikvdils, roca mas
uyurebda. aravis surda mis
gamo muStis Sekvra, araTu
imitom, rom ar efasebodaT
ase, aramed imitom, rom TviT
idea afrqvevda simSvides da
es simSvide metoqeebzec gadadioda, malamod efineboda
ficxi kolxebis guls ideis
momxiblaoba da cxreboda
mgznebare gulebi siyvarulSi
siyvarulisaTvis. es mxolod
ideis gamo iyo, Torem sxva
SemTxvevaSi erTmaneTs Tavpirs dausisxlianebdnen qoCora mamlebiviT dezebze Semdgari Wabukebi. isini ki moTminebiT
elodnen,
elodnen,
elodnen,
Tu vis airCevda es mSveniereba qmrad, Tavs zedmetad
aravin abezrebda. moTmineba
ki ivseboda da ivseboda, aba
qveynis Tvals gauTxovars
romeli vaJkaci datovebda.
Tu TviTon ar amoirCevda, maSin es cxen-kacebi da xarkacebi mzad iyvnen dareodnen
erTmaneTs, raTa gamarjvebuls
darCenoda sabolood idea.
Turme ideas erTi uTvistomo ymawvili Seyvarebia, TvalebiT emijnurebodnen erTmaneTs, radgan xelmiukareblobis wesi unda daculiyo da
buniaobis zeimze aRsrulebuliyo mamulis winaSe valis
moxda. es rom darRveuliyo,
qals Caqolavda mTeli mamuli sibilwisa da siZvis gamo.
amitom wesisamebr etrfodnen
erTurTs, gasworferdnen, Seuryvnelad euflebodnen erTmaneTs da yvelaferi es mTvariani Ramis idumalebisas xdeboda, vidremde gaibadreboda
mTvare sixarulisagan. ciskris varskvlavis gamoCenamde
sworfrobdnen mijnurni. uaRresad TavSekavebuli iyo ideis swori da feri, amitom
amoirCia igi ideam Tavis Zmobilad. etrfialebodnen erTmaneTs
mkaSic,
qorwilSic,
lxinSic,
magram ki aravis SeumCnevia
es. erTi iyo, rom mTvarem
icoda maTi siyvarulis ambavi.
mamulis yvelaze maxvil Tvalsac ki gamoepara ideis gamijnureba. radgan buniaobis
simkacre wesad iyo dadgenili, ver amxeldnen saqveynod
TavianT trfobas da TavSekavebuli grZnobamoreviT iokebdnen moZalebul survils erTmaneTisas. asuli Tavis Zmobils uWrida da ukargavda
sagules,
sayelos,
sawvives,
yvelafers, rasac qalis xeli sWirdeboda. vaJic uZRvnida Tavis sworfers
mZivebs,
qinZisTavebsa da
nair-nair samkaulebs.
erTmaneTSic wvebodnen, magram ar yofila cduneba. grZnobadaokebuli minotavriviT
exveoda gaxurvebuli qalis
sxeuls mTvarianobisas, ar asvenebda vaJi qals, qalic ise
iqceoda minotavris mklavebSi moqceuli, rom zedmeti
ar efiqra da sazRvrebs ar
gadacdeniliyo sworferi. maTi sruli siSiSvle sircxvili ki ara, silamaze iyo. uTeslod TamaSobdnen erTmaneTSi
da amiT qalwulobis siwmi-
de daculi iyo. dayenebuli
vaJkacis mori arodes dasvelebula TesliT da qalis
sisxliT, qalsac uxaroda misi Sexeba, grZnobda mamris siZlieres, sircxvileulobac
gamqraliyo maTSi. pirvelSobilobis sispetakeSi ganzavebuli silamazis veluroba
ikiTxeboda maT siSiSvleSi
da es kargi iyo.
xar-kaci gaaZliera qalvaJianobam, Zala da Jini moemata. amiT mis cxovrebas mTavari Sinaarsi mieca - satrfosTvis is dauxarjavi ZalRone unda daexarja, romelic
esoden moZaleboda da eZebda
saqveynod gamosavals, raTa
cxovrebas moweodnen. isic
icoda, rom bedi da bediswera rodesRac ulmobeli iqneboda misTvis. ai, maSin unda
gamomJRavnebuliyo dauZleveli da moukvdinebeli Zlevamosileba am TavSekavebuli minotavrisa, aqamomde ar Sercxvenila Rame maTis sworfrobiT, da mitom.
amdgarze Cangurs iRebda
vaJi, Camohkravda xels da daamRerebda sasworfro-satrfialos, mTeli grZnoba rom Caetia Tavis naTqvamSi dauxarjavi Zal-Ronis amosawurad
da axurvebuli sxeulis gasagrileblad,`gzaSi qal Samameyara, Tavs
qoqlo mofarebuli, Torpili
mTvares ugvanda mzesaviT ganaTebuli...~
ivseboda hangebiT Ramis
sispetake da axla qalic Tavisi morcxvi da nazi xmiT
daamRerebda Sairs wyobilsityviT,`ra dadges Ramis wyvdiadi bevras uxaris qalasa, ZmobilTan wasvlas apirobs, Znelad ro daiSalasa...~
qalis kdemiT ivseboda eTeri da xmebic exveodnen erTmaneTs da surdaT zecamdis
asuliyo es siyvaruli. hangs
axla vaJi iuflebda mTelis
gznebiT,`TovliviT TeTri yel-yuri Tamar-qals Sadarebuli.
naWrelaian faragi, Tma maRla
dayenebuli...~
eRimeboda qals qaTinaurebze da Tavisi kdemamosilebiT CamoarTmevda vaJs melodias da wkriala xmiT daamRerebda, `qal midis wynari nabijiT,
ar daaCqamebs Calasa, vaJkac
Tavs maimZinarebs, mZinavs, atyuebs qalasa...~
vaJic gaiRimebs qalis namRerze, metis cecxliT aaTamaSebs simebs da bgeraTa JRera
gametebulis ZaliT aRmoifrqveva Canguridan, zedve Tavis
saTqmels daamatebs,`ferobiT dawol-adgoma
gvars ar maudis Cemsao, Tavis
safersTan davswvebi, Tu ver
mavxelav metsao...~
casa swvda qalis sixaruli, ase rigad rom uyvarda
vaJs, TviTonac SeaTamama sityva-simRera da CasCurCula keTilxmovanebiT mamulis sizmrebs,`wamaol samTaSigoda, neta,
Zmobili sad ari? saTaves gadamaxdines - karga Wris Cemi
namgali...~
gamxiarulda ymawvilic
sityvas vnebebi misca, da isic
TavSekavebuli, esao da, wesierebis samzRvriTgan uwesobas
uyurebda da iRimoda Tavisi
namReris siam-tkbilobaSi,`meeqec tkbilis eniTa, TandaTan axlos mawveba, adgoma
aRar swadian, mxars wamoigdebs,
gawveba...~
aRarc asuli CamorCa sworfers, Seuqo namReri da daacxro vaJuri Jinis moZaleba
sityvebSi,`kacTagan atexil iyvas,
swor-ferTan aRelvebuli, mzesa hgavs Cemi Zmobili, dars
mava daSvenebuli...~
gaTenebamdis umRerodnen
bednieri satrfoni erTmaneTs
da qars eqod mihqonda maTi
namReri Sors mTebis miuwvdomel simyudroveSi. motrfialeTa tkbil simRerebs
mamlis yivilebi da Citebis
ganTiadis sadidebeli Jriamuli enacvleboda. mamuls
ki Zinavda tbili ZiliT da
mis sizmrebs es simRerebi
alamazebda. aravin icoda am
hangebis Sesaxeb, ubralod
elamuneboda mamulis SvilTa
sasmenels, romelic adunebda
grZnobebs, yoveldRiurobiT gadaRlilebi ki ixangrZlivebdnen tkbilxmovan livlivs
sasizmro zmanebebSi. frTqialebda nami foTlebze, xmis
talRebi awkarunebdnen foTlidan balaxze dacemulT, nislebSi ki imaleboda namReris
sasiyvarulo siSiSvlis silamaze, radgan bunebis siRameSi imoseboda qal-vaJis spetaki trfialeba da Rrublebamde adioda, raTa caSi mokluliyo - wyurvad, an Tu momkuliyo - nayofad.
enuma eliS mefobda cad
da sworfrobis sworupovar
TavgadasavlebSi gadmosuliyo jer-ar-qmniloba, pirveladobis veluri sawyisi rom
xdida momxiblavs ideas, idea
iyo Tavad enuma eliSis is
sworic da feric, da mitom.
ase eyvarebodaT erTmaneTi samoTxeSi pirvel kacsa da mi-
si neknidan Seqmnil qals, radgan maSin jer kidev ar flobdnen velurobis gaukuRmarTebisa da wabilwvis gatkbilebuli simwris gemos, gemo
rom grZnobebSi gadadioda ise,
rogorc sisaTuTe daisvreba
da verasodes gasufTavdeba,
Tavis pirveladobamde rom iyo,
ise. es simRera iyo swored
enuma eliS - mistiuri gaazreba pirveladi trfobis mimsgavsebisa jer-ar-qmnilobiT,
sanam iqneboda yvelaferi da
mere yvelaferSi ltolva
aranamdvilisa namdvilisadmi, namdvils rom Canacvleboda aranamdvili. uTeslo mijnurobaa swored - `roca zecas jer kidev ar hqonda saxeli~. es imitom, rom ca ar
iyo qmnili, arc ideis trfoba
iyo qmnili, ese igi Teslili.
amitom vambob, ase eyvareboda pirvel-kacs pirvel-qali
da pirvel-qals pirvelkaci mistiuri nayofis mirTmevamde,
imis iqiT ukve iyo ganayofiereba,
anu enuma eliSis pirveli
amosunTqvis damTavreba.
qal-vaJma ar icoda, Tu damTavrdeboda odesme maTi trfiali, magram grZnobdnen, rom
moaxlovebuli iyo gaTviTcnobierebis axal simaRleze
asvlis Jami, ras gaicnobierebdnen, es ar icodnen mxolod. mTavrdeboda enuma eliSis pirveli lamazi
siSlege da
siSmage,
Zvirfasi romaa nebismieri
adamianisaTvis, vinc ar unda
iyos igi, radgan es yvelafris
dabadebamdeli yofaa. amadac
miyvars me enuma eliSis simRera, mamida rom sZlispirulad
mimReroda da sizmrebSi imas
vnaxulobdi, rasac yovelTvis
mikrZalavdnen. mere, rodesac
yvelafris dasabami Sevicani,
metis gulmodginebiT aRviqvi
am silamazis gardasuli mSveniereba, romelsac drois maradiuli moZraoba anadgurebda,
raTa ar darCeniliyo xsovnis
nakvalevic ki im momxiblavi
Tavdaviwyebisagan.
Semodgomas zamTari enacvleboda,
gazafxuls - zafxuli,
da iwyeboda yvelaferi isev
Tavidan, magram aRar iwyeboda
is sawyisi, rac dasabamiT daiwyo, arc is simyudrove, rac
dasabamamde sufevda maradisiT
ukan. enuma eliSis kosmiuri
idumaleba mxolod maSin Sewyvetda arsebobas, roca ganumzadebeli samyaro ganifineboda usasrulobaSi da uZraobaSi moZraobiT. warsulisken
mimarTuli mzera im diadi
kosmiuri Seucnobadis Semotanas lamobda sneulsa da
adamianur urTierTobebSi saxioburi ganmeorebiTa da warmoCeniT,- da yvelaferi es
wes-Cveulebad Camoayaliba kacTa cxovrebis mxatvrulma azrovnebam, rasac saadamiano sibrZne da keTilSobileba sWirdeboda. ase iara ideam Tavis
swor-ferTan erTad saidumlod.
dila yovelTvis pirmcinare iyo da isev xalisSi miedineboda mTeli misi dro.
erTxel aRar gaTenda pirmcinared, moiRrubla dila, adamianebic aforiaqebulebi Candnen,
yvela ubrad midi-modioda,
uxalisodac saqmianobdnen. vaJebs yalyze SeeyenebinaT cxenebi da igrZnoboda maTgan
gamomdinare gangaSiT moculi
dumili. yvela Tvals aridebda ideas, TiTqosda brazobdnen
masze, daTqmuli drois ganmavlobaSi rom ver amoirCia saqmro, an arada sworfroba Seutyves qals, da mitom. sxvafriv ver aexsna asuls mamulis SvilTa ase-rigi cvlileba. ukvirdeboda xalxs, Tavis satrfos, vis mimarTac
ar iyvnen ase-rigad aRgznebulni, iqamde saTvalavSi arc
ki Tvlidnen, mxolodRa ideis
mimarT SeecvalaT ganwyoba.
es ki imas niSnavda, rom mamulis moTminebas samzRvari daedo. ukve cxadi iyo ideisTvis,
didxans ase aRar gagrZeldeboda, aravin apirebda mis ase
cal-uRelad datovebas da
yvelas ki surda dapatroneboda momxiblav asuls. windawinve icoda, ras moimoqmedebda mamuli, Rirseuli qmari
rom SeerToT misTvis da buniaobis dResaswauli daemSvenebinaT rogorc wesi iyo, ise.
drois gaWianureba SeuZlebeli iyo, mxolod cxen-kacTa
Sejibri gadawyvetda ideis
qmris vinaobas, Tu verc es,
maSin kurulSi gamarjvebuli
gaxdeboda rCeuli mamulis
rCeuli asulisa. igi iqneboda
Rirseuli mamuliSvili, vinc
minotavrs SeboWavda da ar
moklavda, SeboWils ki uRelSi Seabamda da axvnevinebda
naomar velebs, raTa waSliliyo kvali sisxlisa, miwa rom
gapoxiliyo mamulis SvilTa
ofliT da sisxlis yivilamde
exara jiSs mamulisas. samagierod, ar iqneboda siyvaruli, iqneboda mxolod Zala
da ar iqneboda goneba.
ifiqra,
ifiqra ideam,
bevri ifiqra, Tu
cota ifiqra,
is, rac moifiqra,
Tavis sworfers uTxra:
- airia xalxio, Sen arras
gerCiano, mxolod Cems Tavs
wagarTmeveno, xolo Tu ver
wagarTves, Sendami borotebas
Caideben gulebSi da mainc
dagRupaveno, ase ubrZolvelad
rom dagnebdio. brZolebsa da
SejibrSi verc cxen-kacebs
Zlev da verc xar-kacebso.
maSin Cveni siyvaruli daiRupebao da me ver viqnebi
verc erT mamulis SvilTan
da miT ufro gadamTielTan
bednierio. Cemi arCevani rom
gavumxilo mamuls, gavanawyeneb mas,
radgan mamulis Zala mravlobaSia,
goneba ki erTeulebSi. amiT
davupirispirdebiT mraval
gawbilebuls. Sejibrebebsa da
orTabrZolebSi gamarjvebuli
im mravalTa rCeuli iqneba,
danarCenebi ki daemorCilebian
mas. mxolod goneba gaWris
sxvanairad. Senc rom yofiliyavi im mravalTa ricxvSi
da sxva yofiliyo Sens adgilas, Senc aseve gaborotdebodi im Cems rCeulze, vinc iqneboda. amitom pativi unda
vceT damarcxebulTa Tavmoyvareobas da unda ganveridoT
maT, vidremde ar dagvRupavs
ugono Zala mamulis. xvalindeli dRe locvisa da mwuxarebisa iqneba imis gamo, rom
laRi cxovreba mTavrdeba da
rogorc fici, iseTi mimzidveli iqneba Ralati. amitom am
RamiT Cemi mxurvale guliT
davanTeb Tvalis saCinars da
mnaTob-lamparSi Cavsvam samzerlad,
wyals gavatan,
Sen ukan gahyevi,
ecade, ar Cagiqres. Tvalsawiers ar gascdes arc is,
arc Sen, Torem damekargebiT.
mere ki Caqreba TvalSi Cini
da erTmaneTs veRar vipoviT,
da Tu vi poviT,
veRar vicnobT. es lampari
gadagiyvans sanatrions da
idumal qalaqebSi damkvidrdi.
me serze Sevdgebi da Segxedav, sad gagitacebs naTeli
da Cemi mzeriT Sens gverdiT
viqnebi. rom gainapireb, iloce
da SenTan gavCndebio. mere ki
veRaranairi Zala ver dagvaSorebs erTmaneTs, radgan TviT
sanatrioni dagvicavs avi Tvalisgano, verc ki mogveweva
is avi da moSurne Tvali, ise
dabrmavdebao, aRarc mamuli
daobldeba uCvenodo, radgan
mamulis aRmatebuli sasufeveli sanatrioniao. ar daRonde, Cemo gulis murazo, am
Cveni iZulebiTi ganSorebiT,
amaze ar ifiqro, mxolod lamparze geWiros Tvali da sanatrioni inatreo, mxolod maSin
gaxval samSvidobos da mec
Tan gamiyolebo.
Cado mdinareSi ideam lampari da dinebam gaitaca Tvalis saCinari, lampars sworferi gamoudga. isic wyalSi
Sevida da gascura bneli Ramis talRebi. ar ismoda irgvliv arc WriWinebis, arc
Wotisa da arc bayayebis xmebi,
radgan am RameSi erTaderTi
gzis manaTobeli Tvalis Cini
iyo da yvelani monusxulebi
iyvnen. ar iyo dro cicinaTelebis gamobrWyvialebisa.
mxolod mdinaresTan SebrZolebuli mocuravis wyalze
xelebis mosmis xma ismoda.
patara iyo mdinare da male
SeuerTda zRvas. mocuravis
winaSe ki gadaiSala Tvaluwvdeneli zRviuri sivrce da
gahyva igi lampars, raTa misi
Tvalsawieridan ar dakarguliyo is. irgvliv wyvdiadi
sufevda da mxolod gulTmisani grZnobda guliT danTil
naTels da mihyveboda. umTvaro iyo Rame da curva uWirda
sworfers, amasTanave wyali
iyo civi, magram siyvaruliT
gaxurvebuli ver grZnobda
siTbo-sicivis xarisxs. micuravda da ver grZnobda horizonts, verc sakmaod dacilebul xmeleTs xedavda, miTumetes rom Rame iyo, dRis-wul
SeiZleboda iolad gaerkvia
adgil-mdebareoba, magram kukunaTi Rame amis saSualebas
ar iZleoda. arc es dabrkoleba uSlida xels, radgan
Zlier aRgznebuli iyo satrfoTi.
lampari ki miiwevda da
miiwevda Rrmad talRebSi da
gza-kvals urevda mocuraves
da esec imitom, rom gulis
murazisken TviTon gaegno gza
yvelas daxmarebis gareSe. es
igrZno sworferma, magram arc
am dabrkolebas SeuSinda, Tavis grZnobaTa siwrfeleSi
darwmunebuli iyo, da mitom.
es ki ver gaiTvaliswina eyofoda, Tu ara mas saamisod
Zala. aq brZola sxvebTan ki
ar uwevda, aramed sakuTar
TavTan da mxolod sakuTar
gonierebasa da Ronierebaze
iyo damokidebuli, iqneboda
Tu ara igi bednieri cxovrebaSi.
lampari ki mis Sori-axlos micuravda da xelis
erT gawvdenaze iyo, magram es
warmosaxviTi cduneba mainc
Tvalis cdomilebam Seqmna da
ara sinamdviled aRqmulma keTilma survilebma. sworferi
gaiwevda Tu ara lamprisken,
mas an sicive daazrobda, an
sicariele Sexvdeboda xelSi,
siyvarulis naTeli ki mxolod ramdenime gacurvis manZilze gadainacvlebda. vaJic
dauzarelad micuravda da micuravda. ver grZnobda cxovrebis muxanaTobas, magram icoda, rom napirTan eloda Tavisi
idea, araTu mxolod eloda,
uyurebda kidec, am mzeras mTeli sxeuliT SeigrZnobda da
simxnes matebda satrfos
gul-Sematkivroba.
idea marTlac uyurebda
satrfos sibnelis miuxedavad,
siyvaruls ar sWirdeboda
erTmaneTis dasanaxad sivrcis
ganaTeba, Tavadve anaTebdnen siyvaruliT da urTierTmizidulobiT grZnobdnen erTmaneTis
adgilsamyofels. idea mamulis ganapira serze idga zRvis piras da Caesmoda talRebis mier motanili ambebi,
Tu rogor ebrZoda
talRebs,
Rames da
ukideganobas
misi sworferi da amadac
darwmunda, rom vaJi misi
sworic iyo
da saferic,
igi masSi ar Semcdara, da
mitom. sworferis gamarjvebiT upirveles yovlisa gaimarjvebda Tavad idea da Semdeg pirnaTeli warsdgeboda
mamulis winaSe. yvelaze didi
brZola imis dasamtkiceblad,
rom marTlac Rirseuli da
rCeuli xar, araTu sxvebTan
orTabrZolaa, aramed sakuTar
TavTan. idea amas grZnobda
ufrore metad, vidre TviT
mocurave, am vaJis amorCevis
JamiTgan.
talRebi ukve azvirTebuliyvnen,
aforiaqda idea,
Rame iwureboda,
magram gamonaTebas ar apirebda dRe. mocurave daiRala
zvirTebTan brZolaSi da mixvda, rom ideis siyvaruli sicocxlis fasad ujdeboda
da odnavadac ar unania es.
xelebi gaeyina,
mklavSi Zala aRar daemorCila,
Tavbru daexva.
masTan lampari mivida da
Tvalis Cini xelebSi daakavebina. vaJi adgilze curavda,
misi Tvalsawieri mxolod
Tvalis saCinariT Semoifargla. mas sicivisagan moZraoba gauWirda, talRebma gaitaces mousavleTisken, saidanac
xelis erT gadawvdenaze iyo
sanatrioni. zRva dawynarda,
mixvda rom, saqme gaakeTa.
mTeli sxeuliT TrToda
mocurave, xelSi mnaTobi eWira. am mnaTobma daanaxa, rom
satrfos misTvis ar uRalatnia. dRis naTebam nel-nela
gaafarTova samzerali da Sexeda ymawvilma, rom napiri
arsad Canda, an rogor gaecura ukan? magram icoda, rom
is sanetaro lampari xelSi
ekava da amiT bednieri iyo.
misi guli ideas xedavda da
xvdeboda, rom ideac uyurebda
mas. Sors iyo, magram man sakuTar Tavze gaimarjva. aRarc
fiqrobda ganapirebas, amis Zala mas aRar eyofoda da esec
kargad icoda. sakuTari Zalebis amocnobac erTgvari gamarjveba iyo sakuTar Tavze. isev
Sexeda lampars, isev igrZno
Tvalis Cinis naTeba da gaixara, imitomac, rom Tavganwirva Rirseuli iyo. verc erTi
ideis xelis mTxovneli ase
lamazad ver gaimarjvebda SejibrebebSi.
- ideasaTvis sikvdili Rirdao! ukanaskneli mokrebili
ZaliT iyvira da ise iyvira,
rom mTeli mamuli fexze dadga.
es ganwiruli xma ideamac
gaigona da yvelafers mix-
vda. cremliani TvalebiT iyureboda cisa da dedamiwis
gasayars miRma, iq, sadac uZluria TvalTaxedva, magram siyvarulma sicocxlis miRma
yurebac icis...
da uyurebda Tavis gulis
murazs,
rogor ebrZoda sakuTar
Tavs bednierebisaTvis,
rogor damorCilda beds
gamarjvebuli da zRvis fskerze daeSva,
xolo Tavisi Tvalis Cini
lampar-mnaTobs misca ideasTan
dasabruneblad.
uyurebda asuli satrfos
da mTeli saxe erTob Seecvala. erTguli darCa bolomdis sworfrobis.
uyurebda rogor wamoiRo
talRebma lampari ukan. dumili ar iyo, iyo mxolod Semzaravi siCume, romelic arafers
ambobda ise, rogorc es Seefereba WirisufalTan mimaval
Tanamoziares mwuxarebaSi, araferi rom ara aqvs saTqmeli.
lamparma gadmolaxa cis dasalieris samzRvari. niavi da
talRebi moaCqarebdnen mas
ideasTan, ambavi rom euwyebina misTvis Sesaferisi. ar Camqraliyo Tvalis Cini mnaTobidan, ise miiwevda talRebSi
samzeralis suldgmuleba.
micuravda,
micuravda da sul axlos
micurda naTi ideasTan,
xelis erT gawvdenaze.
acremlebuli asuli Tavisken uxmobda lampars, waiwia kidec zRvidan amosaRebad,
magram, moulodnelad, uknidan
viRacam xeli dastaca.
- ar gadavardeo!- SesZaxa,
rom gamoefxizlebina asuli
sevdiani Zilisagan.
ideas undoda, rom es misi
satrfo da sworferi yofiliyo, ukan moixeda, gawbilda,
mdidrulad Cacmul-aRkazmuli ucnobi mamakaci idga mis
win. Tavi isev zRvisken moabruna ideam da dainaxa, rogor
CaiZira zRvaSi misi da misi
sworferis Tvalis Cini.
cecxlmokidebuli
idea
daubnelda TvalT ideas, wamierad verafers Sexeda. sinaTle rom daubrunda Tvalebs,
isev is ucxo mamakaci dainaxa. mas cxeni gverdze miegdo da gaognebuli saxiT Sescqeroda asuls. mefuri aRnagoba hqonda, mefuradac idga
myarad. yvelaferi metyvelebda imaze, rom ideas winaSe
mefe iyo.
miefera da miualersa miusafars, ambavi gamohkiTxa, ideamac yvelaferi uambo, miendo
ra mis keTilSobilebas. arc
Semcdara, radgan igi, pirvelyovlisa, kaci iyo da mere
mefe. Seebrala idea, ise Seebrala, rom Seuyvarda kidec
da araTu brZanebiT, mowiwebiT
sTxova coloba.
- Cemi sicocxle dagicavso, dapirda, Tuki inebeb da
colad gamomyvebio. mamulma
Sen ver dagicva saTanadodo,
sworferi ki Seni saferi iyo
da ara sworio. Sevecdebi, SenSi gavamTliano Zalac da gonebac mamakacurio. Tuki ar
inebeb, Zalas ar dagatan, mxolod dagicav, raTa Rirseuli da rCeuli gaxdes Seni
qmario, Tu esec Seni neba iqnebao. Tu arada, Sen Sen gzas
naxav, me - Cemsaso, oRond erTi
piroba momeci ara rogorc
kacs, aramed rogorc mefes,
wyalSi ar gadavarde da Tavi
aRar daixrCo, Torem bedad
veRaravin mogiswrebs da daiRupebio.
gagrZeleba,
dasawyisi ix.
`mamuli~ N48-67
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
11
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
dasawyisi me-9 gverdidan >>
aravisTvis fufuneba ar Semiqmnia.
TviTeul mcxovrebs (Cemi sofeli
da saCxeris raionic rom aiRo)
mieca mkurnalobis saSualeba, 7-8
aTas ojaxs saxuravi gamovucvale.
saxuravis gamocvla Tu kacs
gaafuWebs, es ufro misi mentalobis problemaa da ara Tavad daxmarebis ideis. arc is mgonia, rom
Tu kacs saxuravidan wyali Casdis,
mas didi aRmSeneblobis unari hqondes. amdenad, ar vTvli, rom vinme
gavazarmace, Tu saxli gadavuxure
an 200-lariani daxmareba miiRo amiT kacs perspeqtivas ver mouklav.
- es midgoma marto sofels an
raions ar exeba. bevri qveynis Segnebuli arCevania, rom sxvisi daxmarebis xarjze icxovros. SeuZlia
aseT qveyanas raime Rirebulis
Seqmna?
- daxmarebas gaaCnia. dRevandel
istoriaSi, roca dedamiwa dapataravda, katastrofuli sxvaobebia
ganviTarebis da cxovrebis doneebs Soris. afrikas rom unda daexmaro swori teqnologiebiT, aswavlo mosavlis moyvana da swori
warmoeba, rom adamianebi SimSiliT
ar daixocon, amaSi cuds verafers
vxedav.
magram is, rom daxmarebis for-
mebi Zalian xSirad maxinjia da
mTeli saxelmwifoebi, ufro sworad ki am saxelmwifoTa meTaurebi axerxeben am daxmarebebis miTvisebas da valebi mosaxleobis gasastumrebeli rCeba, es, ra Tqma unda,
Zalian seriozuli problemaa.
xSirad ar xdeba Sesatyvisi
kontroli maTi mxridan, vinc arigebs am daxmarebas. is formalizmi,
rac am kontrolSia, aris absoluturad damRupveli da aseTi daxmarebebi arc aris sasurveli. daxmarebas Tan Tu ar sdevs Sesatyvisi
kontroli, jobia saerTod ar iyos.
- romeli kapitalizmis modeli
ufro misaRebia TqvenTvis - amerikuli Tu, magaliTad, skandinaviuri?
- albaT, raRac Sualeduri maT
Soris. skandinaviuri zedmetad socialuria, rac mosaxleobisTvis
SeiZleba kargia, magram isic yvelas
gvaxsovs, magaliTad, SvedeTidan rogor garboda biznesi maRali gadasaxadebis gamo. ase rom, am yvelafers kargi analizi sWirdeba. dRes
imave skandinaviaSi socialuri
dacvis standarti maRalia, magram
arc ekonomikis zrda ferxdeba.
liberaluri ekonomikis da socialuri solidarobis Tavsebadi modelis moZebna dRes bevri qveynis
yvelaze mTavari gamowvevaa.
- kapitalizmis krizisze sau-
bari ukve Cveulebrivi ambavia. ufro radikalur msjelobebSi misi
SesaZleblobebis amowurvazec mianiSneben. Tqven ras fiqrobT?
- dRes rom iyos cnobili (Teoretikosebis doneze mainc), ra
unda iyos Semdegi formacia, amaze
msjeloba ufro sagnobrivi iqneboda, magram aseTs ver vxedav. vfiqrob, droTa ganmavlobaSi pirovnul
doneze adamianis pasuxismgeblobis
sakiTxi moimatebs. Tavisuflebis
xarisxic gaizrdeba da mosaZebni
iqneba forma, rom es qaosSi ar gadaizardos. meti liberalizmi da
socialuri solidaroba mainc
dRis wesrigis mTavar sakiTxebad
darCeba. socialur qselebsac rom
SexedoT, mixvdebiT, rom es upiratesi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebia.
- krizisebi gaxSirda, maTi simZimec imatebs. ra aris aseT dros
saqarTvelosnairi qveynis saSveli
- rogor unda gaumklavdes is krizisebs, romlebze reagirebac erTi
qveynis Zalebs aRemateba?
- damijereT, yvela globalur
krizisSic Zalian bevria pirovnuli. yvelafris saTave ki adamianis sixarbea. ra aris bolo krizisebis saerTo niSani? is ekonomikuri politika, rodesac saxelmwifoebi xarjaven imas, rac ar SeuqmniaT. Tavi da Tavi es aris. igive
msxvili varikozuli venebis mkurnalobis
uaxloesi da yvelaze Sedegiani meTodi tkivilis gareSe!
lazeriT
2177 65th st. Brooklyn, NY 11204
(konsultacia, gamokvleva da mkurnaloba)
1-718-238-1555
berZnebs ra problema aqvT? daxarjes is, rac ar hqondaT (mxedvelobaSi maqvs auracxeli saxelmwifo kreditebi). dRes ki gamodian
krizisSi Cavardnili adamianebi, iTxoven Zveleburad cxovrebas da
Znelia auxsna, ratom aRar gamova
Zveleburad.
da roca msgavsi problema bevr
lokalur wertilSi Seqimna, es
ukve globaluri Tavis tkivilia.
da Cveni erT-erTi problemac is
aris, rom aranairad ar gvaqvs mzaoba
globalizaciisTvis. rom mas angariSi gavuwioT, miviRoT kargi, ganvviTardeT da ara piriqiT, dagvasustos misma garemoebebma.
es Zalian rTuli procesia. miT
ufro maSin, roca ekonomikuri sivrce ar yalibdeba klasikuri Ria
bazris principebiT da monopoliebisa da kartelebis gziT viTardeba. roca erTni maqsimalurad Raribdebian da sxvani Semosavals
iReben. da roca saproceso SeTanxmebebiT ikribeba fuli da ise
finansdeba pensiebi.
- rogor fiqrobT, ra dro sWirdeba reformis ganxorcielebas?
saxelmwifo masStabis reformas
vgulisxmob.
- politikuri reformebi Zalian
swrafad SeiZleba ganxorcieldes.
demokratiuli institutebis gan-
viTarebisTvis 1-2 welic ki sakmarisia. rac Seexeba ekonomikur reformas, es iqneba gacilebiT xangrZlivi da ufro rTuli. swor
kanonebze dafuZnebuli sainvesticio garemos Seqmna ar aris xangrZlivi procesi. magram es procesi rom TviTeulma mosaxlem SeigrZnos (daiwyos samuSao adgilebis Seqmna, gamoCndes grZelvadiani
efeqti), amas dasWirdeboa ufro
meti dro.
- damisaxeleT sami dargi, sadac investiciebs daabandebdiT.
- pirvel rigSi, soflis meurneoba, radgan zedapirzeve devs. Tumca,
demokratiuli institutebis gaZlierebas aranakleb investiciad
miviCnev, rac bizness miscems saSualebas, aaRorZinos ekonomika. saxelmwifo amas verc gaakeTebs da
arc aqvs amis valdebuleba. misi
saqmea kanonebis Camoyalibeba da
swori klimatis Seqmna. es daabrunebs qveynidan gasul xalxs. marto ruseTSi aTasamde qarTveli
movTvale, visac 1 milion dolarze
meti aqvs. mcire pozitiuri sainvesticio signalebic sakmarisia,
rom es xalxi da maTi fuli amoZravdes qarTul biznesSi.
rac Sexeba kidev or sferos,
sadac investirebas gadaudebel aucileblobad miviCnev, es medicina
da ganaTlebaa.
- cota xnis win ambobdiT, rom
wignis daweras apirebdiT. Tqveni
cxovrebiseuli gegmebis Secvlis
gamo es idea xom ar daiviwyeT?
- ara, es idea daviwyebas ar miscemia, mxolod gadavadda. vfiqrob,
rom Zalian martivad da gasagebad
maqvs danaxuli, ra aris yofa da
rogoria adamiani. ratom aris aseTi, ra amoqmedebs, ra amoZravebs.
vfiqrob, rom martivad, magram realisturad maqvs es danaxuli. kargad maqvs dasistemebuli da naCvenebi, adamianis moqmedebis sxva da
sxva aspeqtebi. am wigns mogvianebiT aucileblad davubrundebi.
- bednieri Tu xarT?
- amaze bevri mifiqria (seirnoba da fiqri Cemi hobia, Tumca
sul ufro naklebi dro mrCeba bolo dros saamisod) da isev im
azrze var, rom calke aRebuli
erTi adamiani ver iqneba bednieri
da warmatebuli, Tu warmatebuli
ar aris misi mezobeli, eri, qveyana.
swored am sazogado bednierebis
deficitma gadamadgmevina is nabiji, roca 56 wlis kaci warmatebuli biznesidan politikaSi wavedi.
revaz sayevariSvili
`forbis~ qarTuli
gamocemisaTvis
operaciamde
Semdeg
nawiburebis gareSe!
narkozis gareSe!
eqim
merab boTeris
giwvevT
1 ivniss, paraskevs,
saRamos 7 saaTze
Millennium Theatre
10-29 Brighton Beach avenue,
Brooklyn, NY 11235
bavSvTa dacvis saerTaSoriso
dRisadmi miZRvnil RonisZiebaze
saqvelmoqmedo koncerti
sakontaqto telefonebi: 347-257-2741; 845-642-4823
Tqvens mier Semowiruli Tanxa gadaecema saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos baTumisa da lazeTis eparqiis saTnoebis
savanes (moxucebulTa, invalidTa, gonebadaqveiTebulTa
da mzrunvelobamoklebul bavSvTa saxli)
koncertis msvlelobis dros, onlain-reJimSi
davukavSirdebiT saxls `savanes~ direqtors mama Sio
paiWaZes da saSualeba gveqneba piradad gavesaubroT am
saxlis binadarT.
bileTis fasi 25, 30, 35 dolari
dagvikavSirdiT: 347-737-5403; 347-656-1946; 347-476-8551
qarTuli,
namdvili
sainformacio
mxardaWera:
gudis
yveli
2012 wlis 2 maiss, restoran `nacionalSi~
g i w v e v T
Tanamedrove qarTuli poeziis saRamoze
aq geliT glamoruli garemo, gajerebuli klasikuri
musikiT da poeziiT. niWieri poetebis umravlesoba
pirvelad warsdgeba Cveni diasporis winaSe.
sxva
mraval
nobaTTan
erTad
moikiTxeT
niu-iorkis
maRaziebSi
festivalSi monawileoba SeuZliaT
bavSvebs 18 wlamde.
festivali gaimarTeba saqarTvelos
erovnuli kinocentrisa da Tbilisis
meriis mxardaWeriTa da xelSewyobiT.
festivals aqvs sakonkurso da arasakonkurso programa. sakonkurso programaSi monawileobisTvis aucilebelia
dakmayofildes Semdegi pirobebi:
1. filmis qronometraJi ar unda
aRematebodes 7 wuTs;
2. filmis scenaris avtori, reJisori, operatori, memontaJe (sxva damatebiTi teqnikuri saSualebebis gamoyenebis garda) unda iyos bavSvi;
3. filmis Tematika da Janri ar
aris SezRuduli;
4. filmSi monawile msaxiobi unda
iyos araprofesionali;
5. filmis video da audio formati (xarisxi) ar aris SezRuduli;
6. filmis wardgenis bolo vadaa
2012 wlis 1 maisi.
arasakonkurso programaSi monawile
filmebi SeiZleba ar akmayofilebdnen
zemoT aRniSnul pirobebs.
samZimari
warmodgenil filmebs afasebs kompetenturi Jiuri, romelic gamoavlens 10 nominaciaSi gamarjvebuls. filmebi SerCeviT wardgenilni iqnebian nominaciebSi:
1. scenari
2. reJisori
3. operatori
4. montaJi
5. msaxiobi gogona
6. msaxiobi vaJi
7. epizoduri roli
8. musika
9. grafika
10. animacia
gamarjvebul films gadaecema diplomi
da gran-pri `oqros pepela~. di plomebiT
da fasiani saCuqrebiT jildovdebian nominaciebSi gamarjvebuli filmebic.
festivali gaixsneba 2012 wlis 30
maiss `evropuli skolis~ saaqto darbazSi
sakonkurso filmebis, 31 maiss arasakonkurso filmebis CvenebiT da masterklasiT,
daixureba 2012 wlis 1 ivniss, 17 saaTze
sazeimo dajildoebis ceremonialiT.
festivalis direqtori
irakli jaoSvili
marina giorgaZe ojaxiT TanaugrZnobs nana qaTamaZes udides
mwuxarebaSi Svilis, Tomas gardacvalebis gamo.
naTela mosiaSvili ojaxiT
TanaugrZnobs nana qaTamaZes Svilis da naTela mRebriSvils siZis, Tomas gardacvalebis gamo.
megobrebis saxeliT manuCar kaWaxiZe TanaugrZnobs lili cqifuriSvils mwuxarebaSi dedis gardacvalebis gamo.
nargiza bibiCaZe ojaxiT TanaugrZnobs nana qaTamaZes udidess
mwuxarebaSi Svilis Toma gognaZis tragikulad daRupvis gamo
sabavSvo filmebis festivali
oqros pepela
12
mamuls guli upirveles yovlisa!
marti-aprili, 2012, N68
WWW.MAMULI.COM
qarTvel emigranTa gazeTi SeerTebul StatebSi
kompania `kavkas--eqspresi~
gilocavT
gazafxulis SemobrZanebas
avtomobilebis yidva
Sida transportireba
aSS-Si da saqarTveloSi
sazRvao transportireba
sahaero gadazidvebi
orive mimarTulebiT:
1 paunti - 2.74$ (Cvens ofisSi motanili)
1 paunti - 2.95$ (saxlidan saxlamde)
sazRvao gadazidvebi:
1 paunti - 0.91$ (Cvens sawyobSi motanili)
aveji da didi zomis tvirTi fasdaklebiT.
Location In Brooklyn:
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Tel: 718-934-1700
Alt: 347-500-5037
Location In New Jersey:
123 Pennsylvania Ave Gate 3
Kearny NJ 07032
Tel: 201-333-5555
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSaM1Qk5D8A
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSaM1Qk5D8A
Location In Ohio:
9333 Reading Road,
Reading, OH 45215
asaval
dasavalis
;
onlain-mkiTxvelma daaklikeT
MAMULI
P.O. Box 13121,
Jersey City, NJ 07303
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MANUCHAR KATCHAKHIDZE
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saqarTveloSi `mamuls~ warmoadgens
WWW.MAMULI.COM
mamuliusa@gmail.com sagamomcemlo saxli `asaval-dasavali~
KFIF YFLFHTBIDBKBC patronaJiT
347-724-0770
gazeTi xelmowerilia dasabeWdad 2012 wlis 4 aprils,
aRmosavleT amerikis droiT dilis 8 saaTze.