Mamuli No. 71

Title

Mamuli No. 71

extracted text

1

gamocemis me
-10 weli
me-10
SemecnebiT-sazogadoebrivi
Jurnali amerikaSi

`3(71)

martiaprili, 2013

manuCar kaWaxiZe
EDITOR&PUBLISHER MANUCHAR KATCHAKHIDZE

mTavari redaqtori

Jurnalis am nomris dabeWdva
SesaZlebeli gaxda `mamulis~ didi
megobris, baton ilia baramiZis
uSualo xelSewyobiTa da TanadgomiT

Cveni partnioria:

asaval-dasavali

mogvwereT: PO Box 13121, Jersey City, NJ 07303
tel.: 1-347-724-0770; Tbilisidan: 2-420-320
elfosta: mamuliusa@gmail.com; www.mamuli.com

Jurnali akrebilia, dakabadonebulia,
dabeWdilia da akinZulia SeerTebul
StatebSi da am nomris gamocemis dros
warmoadgens erTaderT emigrantul,
qarTul gamocemas a.S.S.-Si.

2

yjvthibf|

5

saredaqtoro
matarebelSi rom moxvde!

13

prezident obamas
sityva saemigracio reformaze

16

patriarqis
saSobao epistole

19

feletoni
tkivili iumorSi naTqvami

21

ase daiwyo
erTi gazeTis asaval-dasavali

23

`iluzioni~ kabadonebSi
`niurnbergis procesi~

30

guram TikanaZe
oRond yinulis loginSi...

36

vendoT borxess!
laSa buRaZis fiqrebi

39

agvistos omis gmirebi
erekle yuloSvili, Temur beriZe...

43

baZio
levan berZeniSvilis mogoneba

47

ainStaini RmerTze
boroteba RmerTis ararsebobaa

48

maradi tkivili
kuboebs Soris Cavjeqi...

52

dagvianebuli masterklasi
erlom axvledianTan

56

gakveTilebi istoriisaTvis
nawyvetebi vaclav havelis dRiuridan

64

Tbili saRamo
vigonebT jemal ajiaSvils

3

gilocavT dedis dRes!
... dedaSeni aris RmerTi!
Sen rom zixar da uyureb,
isic rom giyurebs. Sen rom dedas eZaxi da is Svils geZaxis,
amitom Sen ggonia RmerTi ar
aris? Sen RmerTi vin ggonia?
wverebiani babua?
Rrublebze zis da pirs rom
ibans, wvima modis?
RmerTi ise naTelia, ise axlobeli, ise axlo da ise ubralo, rom rodesac xedav, ar ici
rom RmerTia, amaSia RmerTis
ubedureba, amitom ar swamT RmerTisa. RmerTi rom sxvagan iyos,
Sors Cvengan, calke da maRla,
RmerTi rom CvenSi ar iyos, maSin yvela iwamebda.
amaSia saqme! RmerTi maSin
unda iwamo, RmerTis saxe rom
ar aqvs, rom ar hgavs RmerTs,
rom ar geubneba - `RmerTi varo~,
purs rom giyofs, sadils rom
gikeTebs, tanze rom gacmevs, Tavze rom gaxuravs, giRimis da gefereba, gkocnis da tiris Seni
gulisTvis, kvdeba Seni gulisTvis, civa, wyuria, Sia SenTan
erTad, suls aZlevs eSmaks Seni
gulisTvis, maSin unda iwamo...
aba, RmerTma Tu Tavisi saxe
gaCvena, kedelTan migayena, yuri agiwia da TviTon Tu giTxra
`RmerTi var da miwameo~, maSin
raRad unda RmerTs Seni rwmena?
aseT RmerTs Sen ki ara, yvela
iwamebs. RmerTi maSin unda iwamo, Sen rom ggavs, me rom mgavs,
dedaSens rom hgavs, gasagebia?
- nodar dumbaZe -

4

™ manuCar

V

kaWaxiZe,

Jurnal `mamulis~ redaqtori
qarTvelebs ucnauri miswrafebebi
gvaqvs da es ucnaurobebi srulad
gamoxatavs erovnul TviTmyofadobas,
mis mizansa da maradi Rirebulebebs.
es araa gamowveuli
an gonierebisgan,
an ugunurebisagan.
amaSi bedisweris xeli urevia da
am bedisweris borbalze davdivarT
dReniadag. es bediswera magiuri wrea
da sxva araferi.
Cven sul win miviswrafiT ukeTesi
momavlisaken:
warsulis datirebiT,
awmyos daZleva-qilikiT,
momavlis imediT.
TviTonac vera vgrZnobT, rogor vtrialebT magiuri wris garSemo. mTeli
Cveni energia, miswrafeba, gulzviadoba
ixarjeba da, SeiZleba iTqvas, iflangeba kidec am fuW moZraobaSi. amas uwignurobas ver davarqmev, magram es arc
wignierebidan momdinareobs.
Cveni awmyo im matarebels hgavs,
romelic uceb Camogiqrolebs,
Sori-axlos gaaCerebs,
mgzavrebs Caisvams,
zogs gadmoyris uceremoniod (gadmosma xom CvenSi ar xdeba).
Sen mirbixar gaRebul karamde. axlos rom mixval, vagoni uceb daiZreba. nabijs mouCqareb, iqneb movaswro
da gaqanebul matarebels mainc Sevaxteo... naxtoms ver moaswreb, ise daixureba kari.
bargsac aRar daeZebdi,
dayridi baqanze,
oRond im saocnebo matarebelSi
Segergo Tavi.
matarebeli ki gamudmebiT wreze
dadis, rogorc muStaidis baRSi sabavSvo matarebeli. Cvengan Zalian Sors
myofsac kargad vxedavT, TiTqos gverdiT daCiqCiqobdes.
erTia rom, ar gvezareba arasodes
mgzavrobanas TamaSi da bolos bargad
gulze dadebuli gawbileba.
arc matareblis memanqanes bezrdeba
memanqaneobanas TamaSi, sanam gaCerebasTan
xelis gawvdenaze miaxloebuli matareblis romeliRac avara da Tavze
xelaRebuli mgzavrTagani mizeziT Tu
umizezod ar Camoagdebs memanqanes, radganac bunebiT firalebi varT qarTvelebi. es iseTivea, amerikul vesternebSi
rom matareblebis gaZarcva xdeba Sua
gzaSi.
vZarcvavT am Cvens matarebels dau-

matarebelSi

rom moxvde!
zareblad,
matarebeli ki ara,
sadRac Soreuli soflidan qalaqs
Camoyvanili viri yofiliyos,
gza rom aebna upatronos da wreze
dadis gulis mosaoxeblad.
isic mieCvia amas da Cvenc.
liandagebi axla ar dagebula. dapireba bevria: mravalmxrivi,
mravalwaxnagovani.
visac ar ezareba, fexdafex misdevs
am matarebels, sanam Zal-Rone hyofnis,
imisTvis, rom swavlul-nakiTxad warmovaCinoT Cveni Tavi, am Zal-Rones enTuziazmi hqvia.
enTuziazmic male Caqreba da daRlil-aqoSinebuli aRar gaedevneba matarebels. ase ifiqrebs:
`iqneb memanqaned adre Tu gvian Cemiani dajdes da zed fexebTan gamiCeros matarebeli~.
gasavaTebuli Tavis Cemodnebze dajdeba da ase gaadevnebs Tvals matarebels, Tu rodis daartyams wres da
miuaxlovdeba ara matarebeli, aramed
memanqane Tavis ukanasknel da sabediswero gaCerebas. moaxloebuls xels dauqnevs mgzavrobis kandidati, TiTqos
taqss iWerdeso, ise.
matarebeli ar gaaCerebs,
Caiqrolebs,
Tundac memanqaned sakuTari ojaxis
wevri iyos, radgan matarebelma Tavisi
istoriuli gaCereba da Sesveneba esesaa ukve gaakeTa.
ai, gulacrueba

mere iwyeba,
Tu iwyeba,
evropul enaze rom vTqvaT da swavlul-nakiTxad warmovaCinoT Cveni Tavi,
am gulacruebas nihilizmi hqvia.
arada, ra aris aseTi am matarebelSi, romelic wreze dadis da sinamdvileSi arsad midis?
mxolod Sig moxvedris sakraluri
ocneba, sxva araferi.
Tu vinicobaa da gagimarTla da
moxvdi am matarebelSi,
aucileblad gamoiwvev Sursa da
zizRs matareblis miRma darCenilebisas, esao da, ratom Sen da ara meo,
da Seecdebian gzaSi Cagisafrdnen
da Sen da Seni megobrebi Camogyaron
vagonebidan.
ho, marTla, am matarebelSi individualurad ver Sexval,
masSi jgufurad unda Sexvide,
Torem iseTi ambavia Sesvlaze, SeiZleba Wyletas emsxverplo kidec. megobrebi, romlebic karTan axlos arian,
yvelanairad Seecdebian Senc Segiyvanon, Tu megobrad CagTvlian, an SeTanxmdebian zemoT da SenTvis daibroneba
bileTi, raTa im vagonebSi marto megobrebis adgilebi iyos.
Tu enTuziazmiT miadgebi, CamwereT
Tqvens megobarTa reestrSio, gadagTelaven igive megobrebi, konkurenciis
mzakvrobam icis es da sxva araferma.
Tu matarebelSi erTi-ori aramegobari SeeparaT, mSvid mgzavrobaSi xeli
SeeSlebaT da maTi wyalobiT asec

5

SeiZleba moxdes: es erTi wyeba megobrebi erT mSvenier dRes SeiZleba matareblidan Camoyrilebi aRmoCndnen.
am matarebelSi saintereso mxolod
asvla-Camogdebis procesia.
ase vcxovrobT ukve araTu wlebi,
aramed saukuneebi da es Cveni cxovrebis wesi gaxda, iqamde erovnul TviTmyofad xasiaTadac ki Camoyalibda.
amitom iyo, ilia WavWavaZem maradi
himnad rom dagvitova es sityvebi:
„Cemo kargo qveyanav,
razed mogiwyenia?
awmyo Tu ara gwyalobs,
momavali Cveniao“.
ra Tqma unda, es leqsi zepirad Tu
ara, mosmenili da namReri mainc gvaqvs
xmaSewyobiT revaz laRiZis SesaniSnav
melodiaze. is qarTul poeziaSi erTerTi saprogramo leqsia, qvakuTxedi axaldroebis poeziisa, wyalgamyofi qedis
erTi didi ferdi IXX saukunis SuawlebSi Seqmnili sazogadoebriv-polotikuri viTarebidan gamomdinare. erTis
sityviT, es leqsi nebismierma qarTvelma
mainc icis, pirveli oTxi strofi
mainc. leqsi viciT, magram am leqsze
arasodes davfiqrebulvarT.
umetesobas hgonia, rom is gulze
mjiRis kvraa,
samarSo ritmSi Camjdari winadadebebia bolo kidurebis gariTmviT.
raRac momentSi es marTlac asea,
magram Cven gvaviwydeba avtoris vinaoba da misi ironiuli damokidebuleba
ura-patriotizmis mimarT.
am Tvalsawieridan rom wavikiTxoT
es leqsi, aranakleb ironiulad mogveCveneba, vidre misive leqsi „bednieri
eri“, yvela rom wamovikidebT, raTa gamovxatoT Cveni guliswyroma sakuTar
xalxze.
Cems karg qveyanas mouwyenia,
am dros ki, mTeli kaskadi qebisa,
sadac mowyenilobis safuZveli unda
gamqraliyo:
„wvril-Svilni wamogveswrnen
nazardni, gulmtkicebi,
maTi zrunvis sagani
Sen xar da Sen iqnebi,
ar gimtyuneben Sena,
Tu - ki maT miendebi...“
yvelaferia - Taoba izrdeba,
modis da moaqvs momavali,
Sen ki mogiwyenia da TiTqos arc
ki endobi, arada, unda endo... da vis?
visi zrunvis sagani Sena xar da
Senve iqnebi. am dros ki, Cemo kargo
qveyanav, Sen zixar da mogiwyenia.
uneblied tariel-gmiri maxsendeba
- ucxo moyme „jda mtirali wylisa

6

pirsa...“
wvril-Svilni, nazardni da gulmtkicebi rom wamogveswrnen da Tanac maTi
zrunvis sagani Sen rom xar, swored
imitom mogiwyenia, Cemo kargo qveyanav.
aseTi xalxi arian,
Sen ki warsuls mistiri,
awmyoze mogiwyenia da
momavlis imedi mainc SegrCenia.
rom ara rezo laRiZis ukvdavi melodia, am leqszec iseTive Rimi momefineboda, rogorc „bednier erze“. es
Rimi ufro damafiqrebda, ufro metad
Cavxedavdi sakuTar raobas, yofas, maradi yofas, romlis garSemoc vtrialebT gamudmebiT da gamudmebiTve gulacruebiT mTavrdeba yvela Cveni omaxiani wamowyebani. rogor gulis gamgmiravad JRers,
araTu dacinviT, aramed sinanuliT
maradi awmyos winaSe „maTis RvawliT Segeqmnas
saxe bedis mTenia...“
nuTu? Tu ase kargebi varT
axla, amJamad, awmyoSi, ratom unda
vifiqroT momavalze? ai, es aris Cveni
bedica da bediswerac.
wigni bevri wagvikiTxavs, leqsebi
bevri dagviweria, magram mainc uwignurobis STabeWdilebas vtovebT.
viRac Wkuosnebis erTma jgufma
gadawyvita „Cemo kargo qveyana“ (teqsti
ilia WavWavaZisa, musika revaz laRiZisa) saqarTvelos saxelmwifo himnad
eqcia. sazogadoebaSic es azri musirebda. yvela mitingi, Sekreba da yriloba-forumi am simReriT ixsneboda
im aucilebeli ritualis dacviT, rac
saxelmwifo himnis Sesrulebisas aris
saWiro.
Wkuosnebis mcire jgufma yuradReba
miaqcia teqsts „himnis proeqtisas“,
anu „awmyo Tu ara gvwyalobs, momavali Cveniao“, - amas.
atexes erTi ambavi, ra aris is qveyana, is xalxi, romelsac awmyo ar swyalobso? rogor SeiZleba es simRera
himnad vaqcioTo.
is erTi jgufi Secba, es rogor
dagvemarTao. raRac mobodiSebis niSnad
esec ki Tqves - „ara, es marto axla
iqneba aseTi himni, Torem roca gavbednierdebiT, mas sxva himniT SevcvliTo“.
gagonila?
atexes erTi ambavi im sxva jgufSi
da gadaibires xalxi, iqamde isic ki
Tqves, rom am leqsis gamo TviT iliasac ki araerTi usiamovneba SeamTxvieso.
- marTlao? - ikiTxa viRacam erTi
jgufidan.
- rais Wkuosani xar, Tu es ar

icio... - gaaqilikes saucbaTod sxva
jgufelebma.
amiT polemika Sewyda.
es simRera aRar xsnida da xuravda WkuosanTa Sekreba-forum-yrilobebs.
Wkuosnebi bolos noebis respublikis
uRimRamo himnze SeTanxmdnen da gaixades is qveynis nomer pirvel simRerad...
es yvelaferi kargi, magram ilias
`Cemo kargo qveyana“, mainc darCa eris
saxis warmomCenad, mis simbolod Tavisi
yovlismomcvelobiT - aramarto awmyos
arwyalobiTa da momavlis imediT, aramed erovnuli potencialiT, misi mizansaxulobiT, sakuTari Tavisadmi ironiuli damokidebulebiT, iqamde polifoniuri siZlieriTa da zeaRmatebuli
mgrZnobelobiT.
viRac SemomekamaTeba,
Tund Wkuosani,
Tundac uWkuosno,
rom politikur WrilSi saxav yvelaferso. me yvela oponents didi pativiscemiT Sevaxseneb, rom es politika
ki ara, Cveni maradi yofa-cxovrebaa,
Cveni gamudmebuli ukmarisobis grZnoba,
romelic vlindeba, bunebrivia politikur TamaSebSic. es ar-axalia, Zvelia.
viRac imasac ityvis, uwignurebi vyofilvarT, Tuki asea saqmeo.
verc amaSi dageTanxmebi, Cemo mkiTxvelo. wigniereba da uwignuroba ase
Tu ise mainc pirobiTi cnebebia. bevri
minaxavs kaci, romelsac erTi gazeTis
statiac ki ar waukiTxavs da bevr naswavls sjobnis Tavisi praqtikuli
gonierebiT, bevric minaxavs kaci - wignis Wias rom eZaxian (magaliTad, Teimuraz xevisTavi, igive brinkai, mixeil
javaxiSvilis romaniTgan `jayos xiznebi~), da cxovrebaSi gamousadegari yofila... da Sedegad ra - TiTqmis arc
erT koncertze, arc erT saavtoro saRamoze am simReras aRar mRerian. TiTqos Savi Wiris matarebeli yofiliyos.
adre Tu Tavs viwonebdiT da cremlisRvriT vRrialebdiT am melodias, axla
savsebiT ugulebelvyaviT, TviT emigraciaSic ki.
viTom awmyo gvwyalobs ase-rigad,
rom am leqss yavli gauvida?
aq WkuosnobaSic araa saqme da arc
ugnurebaSic. Cven ufro didi ubedureba gvWirs, vidre gonierebis deficitia. gatexili inglisuriT, enas rom
pirSi Zlivs vabrunebT, vmReriT aTasgzis
namRereb da gadanamRereb simRerebs,
esao-da, dagvinaxon rogori evropelebi varTo, cnobili Tu ucnobi momRerlebi erTmaneTs ejibrebian da konkur-

sebs konkursebze awyoben, rogorme moxdenilad CaamReron viRacis dawerili ugemovno simRerebi.
mTavaria, iyos inglisurenovani,
sxva araferia saWiro...
swored amaT gamosajavreblad Weqs
ilias leqsze qarTveli eris maradi
himni - `Cemo kargo qveyana“. arc aravis
movuwodeb, es imRere da es ar imRero-Tqo, me arc impresario var maTi
da arc menejeri. me Cveni ukuRmarTuli bunebis ucnaurobaze vamaxvileb
yuradRebas, Torem imRereben Tu ara
amas Tu imas,
arc me damakldeba amiT araferi,
arc Tqven da arc im namRerebs av Tu karg, avad Tu kargad.
yvelafers mainc Tavisi kuTvnili
adgili mieCineba bunebaSic da Cvens
yofacxovrebaSic. amisTvis erudicia
da gonierebaa saWiro.
kaTarzisi,
Tu wignieri xar

dRes sakmaod bevrs saubroben imaze,
Tu rogor Caanacvla wigni kompiuterma. eqspertebi da eqimebi bevrs msjeloben kompiuteris mavne zegavlenaze,
igoneben ra wignis kiTxvaSi gatarebul
Rameebs. zogierTi naTqvamis efeqturad
warmoCenisaTvis, xataven eqspresiis gamZafrebul suraTebs, rom esao-da, mSoblebi gviSlidnen wignebis kiTxvas `geyofadaisvenes~ egidiT, Cven ki mijinebulad
da malulad torSeris Suqze mainc
vkiTxulobdiT da gavWkuosandiT, - askvnian bolos.
kompiuteri ki ra...
viTom kompiuterSi ar moi poveba
wasakiTxi da gasanaTlebeli masalebi
da monacemebi? ramdenic geneboT.
is, rac CvenTvis miuwvdomeli iyo,
iqamde bibliografiul iSviaTobas warmoadgenda da mTels yofil sabWoTa
kavSirSi erTi an ori egzempliari
Tu moiZebneboda da isic sagangebo saSvebis saSualebiT SeiZleboda moskovisa da leningradis biblioTekebis
specsacavebSi genaxa, axla aseTi wignebi
nebismieri wignebis gadmoweris ufaso
internet-saitzea ganTavsebuli. Tu ganaTlebis miReba gsurs, araTu mxolod
kompiuteriT, yvela saSualebiT miiReb mas.
Cemi bavSvobidan maxsendeba aseTi
SemTxveva: erTxel momixda irakli abaSiZis leqsis wakiTxva, romelic paolo iaSvilis xsovnas eZRvneboda. ra
Tqma unda, gacnobierebuli mqonda paolos tragikuli aRsasruli da striqonsa da striqons Soris qveteqstebs

veZebdi, iqneb raime mniSvnelovani gamego. am leqsSi iyo Semdegi CemTvis maSin damafiqrebeli striqonebi:
`Sen, Sen daeci im wels,
roca saqarTveloze
kaenis sulis aRzevebam
gadisriala~.
1937 wlis sakraluri mniSvnelobac cnobili iyo CemTvis, magram erTi
epiTeti Tu metaforuli azri mainc
ucnobi rCeboda - `kaenis suli~ da
misi aRzeveba.
vin iyo kaeni?
veZebdi leqsikonebSi,
enciklopediebSi,
iqamde saistorio krebulebSi. es
sityva mawvalebda dRiTi-dRe. rac ufro ver vpoulobdi, miT ufro micxoveldeboda misi amoxsnis survili.
bolos esec vifiqre:
- iqneb koreqtura gaeparaT da unda iyos yaeni.
TiTqos amoxsnasTan axlos viyavi,
magram isev kiTxva dabada pasuxma:
- romeli yaeni: Cingizi, baTo, yubilai da a.S. konkretulad romel yaens
gulisxmobda? iqneb arcerTs, iqneb yvelas erTad, iqneb romeliRacas.
isev mivubrundi istoriul wyaroebs, iqneb mimsgavsebuli epoqa aRmomeCina, magram amaod.
Cems mezoblad erTi morwmune cxovrobda, xSirad mesaubreboda religiaze da erTxelac vTxove biblia eTxovebina CemTvis. manac dauzareblad maTxova wigni. ra Tqma unda, arc man icoda kaenis Sesaxeb mTeli weli rom vwvalobdi da arc me vicodi, Tu misTvis
cnobili iqneboda am bibliuri personaJis istoria. maswavlebeli, mezobeli
- yvelas vekiTxebodi, vin ari kaenimeTqi. pasuxs veravin mcemda, ar icodnen,
da mitom... da ar icodnen imitom, rom
arasodes gaugoniaT mis Sesaxeb araferi. Cemi bolo da sasowarkveTili nabijo iyo is, rom TviT irakli abaSiZisTvis mimewera werili da mekiTxa
am idumali kaenis vinaoba. paralelurad, bibliis kiTxva daviwye da CemTvis
sruliad moulodnelad am wmida gamocemam gamca pasuxi yvelaferze:
kaeni - adamisa da evas Svili (adami
da eva, bunebrivia, vicodi), sakuTari
Zmis - abelis mkvleli.
ai, amis Semdeg naTeli gaxda CemTvis,
Tu ras gulisxmobda poeti `kaenis
sulis aRzevebaSi~. es saTqmelad iolia,
magram ramdeni uZilo Rameebi gadaviare
aqamde, raTa srulyofilad gameazrebina
irakli abaSiZis es striqonebi. codnac
bevri miviRe, gacilebiT bevri ramis,

vidre nebadarTuli iyo. biblia xom
im dros bibliografiul iSviaTobas
warmoadgenda (da Tuki arsebobda, ZvelqarTulis ara gamegeboda).
dRes wignebs aseTi miswrafebiT,
mizandasaxulobiT aRar kiTxuloben.
sakmarisia saskolo gakveTilebi daamzadon, rom yvelaferi amoiwuros amiT.
arada, im Ziebisas ramden rames gavecani, xandaxan imasac ki vfiqrob, netav
gaxangrZlivebuliyo ZiebaTa procesi,
xom ufro mets Sevimecnebdi-Tqo.
dRes iolia sityvis povna - akrZaluli araferia. arsebobs nair-nairi
internet-leqsikonebi da internet-enciklopediebi. yvelafers ipovi, sasurveli mwerali ginda? Tu sadme raime
dauweria naglej furcelzec ki, isicaa
srul, akademiur krebulebad CaSvebuli.
oRond moindome da waikiTxe, kompiuteric ki udidesi saSualebaa ganaTlebis miRebisaTvis.
magram kiTxva umiznod iseve damRupvelia, rogorc saerTod waukiTxaoba.
im spontanurma aRtkinebam, amomecno
metaforuli metyvelebis is patara
niuansi, Tavisi Sedegi gamoiRo imiT,
rom miveCvie ama Tu im nawarmoebis mizandasaxul kiTxvas da mis garSemo
saWiro konspeqtebis Sedgenas kiTxvis
procesSi, romlis dasrulebis Semdeg
vaxden wanakiTxis srulfasovan aRqmas.
aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac literaturuli nawarmoebi sasurvel molodins
ar amarTlebs raRac garkveul momentSi, magram Tu is klasikaa, an klasikosis Seqmnili, aucileblad damabrunebs masTan da ganbrZnobili mivudgebi misi TiToeuli detalis ganxilvas.
romc ar iyos Cemi gemovnebis Sesaferisi, is mainc i povis Tavis kuTvnil
adgils Cems gonebaSi...
da ratom? da rogor?
amis Sesaxeb rom visaubroT, mTeli
cxovreba ar gveyofa.
erTs ki davsZen - araviTar SemTxvevaSi gulacruebis STabeWdileba ar
damrCeba da arc arasodes vityvi imas,
rom dro sul tyuilad davxarje
amis wakiTxvaSio. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac uvargisi wignic ki sasargebloa
mxolod imisaTvis, rom safuZvlianad
daafaso Rirebuli.
aris wignebi an misaRebia, an ara.
es ki damokidebulia individualur
gemovnebaze, magram aseT SemTxvevaSic
ki xdeba Sens msofmxedvelobaSi kosmiuri gardatexa. TandisTanobiT, nabijnabij keTilSobildebi, swavlob SenTvis miuRebelis gagebasa da gaazre-

7

bas (rac metad saWiroa da dRevandel
cxovrebaSi) da cxovrebaSi xelaRebiT
aRarasfers uaryof, aRiareb da ZiriT
Ziramdis ganWvret arasasurvelsac.
uSinaarso kiTxva, mxolod imisTvis, rom raodenobaSi CaeTvalos mkiTxvels esa Tu is wigni wakiTxulad,
borotebis momtania kidev ufro metad,
vidre TviT borotebis qmna. aseT dros
adamianSi ibadeba anti-idea, romelic
ar kvdeba da warmoSobs aTasgvar mavneblobebs. qmedeba erTia, raRac garkveul droSia moqceuli, fiqri am qmedebebze ki xangrZlivi procesia, romelic
adamians zezeulad ryvnis da bolos
xrwnis. rogori maRalideuri wignic
ar unda waikiTxo aseTi wakiTxviT, is
ver gadava cocxlad mkiTxvelSi. Tu
goni ar gauxsna kacma sxvis naazrevs
da Tavisi naazrevi ar dauxvedra da
ar moaxdina am naazrevTa Sejereba,
Tundac Widili, an paeqroba, iqneb sulac
urTierTSeTavsebac, azri ekargeba TviT
wignis daweris azrsac.
wigni ki iseTi ram aris, rogori
uniWo dawerilic ar unda iyos, aucileblad raRacas SegZens, mTavaria Sen
iyo mzad Sinaganad wignis wasakiTxad.
wigni iseTi ramaa, romelic ganaxebs, rac jer ar ginaxavs, gangacdevinebs, rac jer ar gangicdia, gagacnobs
mas, vinc jer ar gagicvnia, getyvis mas,
rac jer ar gagigonia, TandisTanobiT,
nabij-nabij azrovnebis diapazons gagifarTovebs da Seni msofmxedvelobis
areali mravlismomcveli gaxdeba.
SeiZleba guldagul romeliRac samecniero literaturas gaecno, romelic raRac saxiT kavSirSi iyos sxvadasxva samecniero dargebTan, magram
mxatvruli literatura araTu diletanturad, aramed profesionalurad
udgeba yvela mecnierebis sferos. musikisa da mxatvrobis metyvelebac ki
ver miswvdeba mxatvruli literaturis metyvelebas, Tundac maT Targmani
ar sWirdebodeT da zogadad yvela
adamianisTvis iyos xelmisawvdomi maTi
azrovneba yovelgvari winapirobis gareSe. mxatvruli literatura, rac ufro
rTuli da yovlismomcvelia, miT ufro
mravalferovania masSi ferTa palitra
da xmaTa xaverdovani harmonia.
verc erTi mecnieruli literatura, verc erTi istoriuli wyaro, verc
erTi msoflio mniSvnelobis gamokvleva
Tavisi diapazoniT, mzeris diapazonis
moculobiT ver Seedreba Tundac erTi
ubralo leqsis moqnilobas da yovlismomcvelobas.
erTxel galaktioni stumrad mi-

8

iwvies mecnierebaTa akademiaSi. Sexvedris Semdeg sayovelTaod cnobilma mecnierebma sTxoves did poets masTan
suraTi gadaeRoT. niko musxeliSvilma
dasZina, rom CvenTvis, mecnierebisaTvis
didi pativia galaktionTan suraTis
gadaReba, radgan SeiZleba Cven istorias
ar SemovrCeT, galaktioni ki saqarTvelos maradi Tanamdevi iqneba da Cvenc
am fotoTi iqneb erTi xani gavsdioT
mis sikaSkaSeso.
asea Tu ise, didma mecnierma zustad
asaxa is, rac mxatvruli sityvis didostatis xvedria msoflio azrovnebis dinebaSi TviT mecnierebTan SedarebiT.
umaRlesi maTematikis siaxleebs
mxolod viwro specialistebi Tu waikiTxaven,
medicinis miRwevebs mxolod eqimebi
Tu eziarebian,
fsiqoanalizis kvlevebs mxolod
fsiqologebi Tu gaecnobian,
arqeologiuri da paleontologiuri gaTxrebis Sedegad napovn nivTebsa da Zvlebs isev istorikosebi Tu
gaukeTeben Sefasebas da istorikosebive
Tu gaecnobian maT,
xolo mxatvrul literaturas Tanabarzomierad kiTxuloben
eqimebic,
fizikosebic,
qimikosebic,
istorikosebic,
iuriostebic,
muSebic,
glexebic,
umuSevrebic da momuSavenic,
Cinianic da uCinoc,
gamoCinebulic da uCinaric...
ai, misi Zala,
ai, misi yovlismomcveloba.
amitom mxatvrulma literaturam
sazogadoebis yvela sferos interesebi unda daakmayofilos. yvela sferos
Sesaxeb unda icodes, raTa Seqmnas Rirebuli, zRvaSi gasul megzaurebs gzac
ki unda gaukvalos mxatvrulma literaturam.
afrovani gemebis mezRvaurebi lamanSis srutis usafrTxo gadalaxvisaTvis
sagangebod kiTxulobdnen hiugos romans `kaci, romelic icinis~, sadac
zedmiwevniTaa aRwerili ra monakveTebSi
aris saxifaTo gemebisaTvis mogzauroba
rifebisa gamo. ruqebze aseTi detalebi araa moniSnuli, Sesabamisad swavlobdnen imas, rac sayovelTaod xelmisawvdomi da sando iyo, Tundac mcdari,
magram amiT isini sifrTxiles swavlobdnen da didi mwerlis gamocdilebas

iziarebdnen.
magram erTi sayovelTao detali saerTaSoriso sakanonmdeblo aqtebi
da maT safuZvelze miRebuli sxvadasxva qveynis kanonebi saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb, sadac inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis memkvidreebad gamocxadebulni arian am sakuTrebis mflobelTa col-Svili, an qmar-Svili
(Tu aseTebi araa, maSin samoqalaqo kodeqsis safuZvelze cnobili meore da
momdevno rigis memkvidreebi), maqsimalurad iyeneben TavianT egreT wodebul uflebebs da gamomcemlobebs, mkvlevarebs da ama Tu im SemoqmedebiT
dainteresebul pirebs ar aZleven saSualebas imuSavon arqivebze, dabeWdon
periodul gamocemebSi maT mier mikvleuli ucnobi masalebi, Tundac es romanebi, leqsebi da sxva mxatvruli nawarmoebi iyos. Tu aseTi SeTanxmeba Sedgeba
memkvidreebsa da gamomcemlobebs Soris,
erTi mxare meores kolosalur Tanxas
uxdis amisTvis. sxva SemTxvevaSi maTi
werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe dabeWdva
iTvleba saavtoro uflebebis darRvevad.
ase da amrigad daikarga xelmeored da samwuxarod sabolood konstantine gamsaxurdias sruliad ucnobi
romani `uSanev urdoeli~, romelic
erTxans inaxeboda Jurnal `qarTuli
mwerlobis~ arqivSi, romelic Semdeg
migdebul sxvenad iqca. amave mizezTa
gamo maqsimalurad SeizRuda grigol
robaqiZis Semoqmedebis gavrceleba saqarTveloSi. marTalia, didma mweralma
Tavis erTaderT memkvidred Tavisi geri
gamoacxada, man ki uari ganacxada memkvidreobaze, samagierod xarbad daewafen am memkvidreobas mwerlis disSvilebi da upirveles yovlisa erTmaneTis jibrze gamosces grigol robaqiZis wignebi da masSi daufaravad aCendnen TavianT ambiciebs, mieRoT rac SeiZleba meti sargebeli. im gamocemul
wignebSic ki (rom araferi vTqvaT sufTa poligrafiul xarvezebze) aris zeimi
umsgavsobisa da sixarbis. vidremde
ar Sewydeboda saavtoro uflebiT sargeblobis kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli
vadebi (mwerlis gardacvalebidan, an
konkretuli nawarmoebis daweridan 50
weli), es qiSpoba, upirveles yovlisa
erTmaneTSi, Semdeg ki gamomcemlebze
midarajeba, grZeldeboda uTavJamod.
wagebuli ki darCa araTu vinme sxva,
Tu ara isev da isev mkiTxveli.
am qiSpobam mxolod is gaakeTa, rom
grigol robaqiZis nawarmoebebi karga
xniT aRar daibeWda, Targmanebic ki.
yvela erideboda sasamarTlo davebs -

gamomcemlobac da mTargmnelic. kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, gamokvlevebis SemTxvevaSi saavtoro uflebis mqone aris
mxolod mkvlevari da ara sakvlevi
obieqtis memkvidre. amitom iyo, rom
mxolod sufTa mecnieruli kvlevis
darTviT gamovida mwerlis 13 soneti
da xandazmulobis vadis gasvlamde
ori wliT adre `hitleri ucxoeli
mwerlis TvaliT~ (mTargmneli dali
fanjikiZe) da `musolini - mziurniSneuli~ (mTargmneli nana gogolaSvili). kidev ufro adre gamoapares krebuli `siyvaruli mesame napirze~ (kompiuteruli diskebiT), sadac Sesulia
rogorc grigol robaqiZis, aseve sxvaTa
werilebi da eseebi, agreTve darTulia
mwerlis ukanaskneli siyvarulis amsaxveli dokumenturi masala - werilebi
gita Straxvitcs. es ukanaksneli iseTive zeaRmatebuli da apoTeoziTaa
aweuli, rogorc rainer maria rilkesa da marina cvetaevas mimowera, orTave
SemTxveva rom sabediswerod dasrulda
robaqiZisTvisac da rilkesTvisac sikvdiliT.
samagierod saavtoro uflebis kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze dadgenili
mwerlis gardacvalebidan 50-e wlisTavze (grigol robaqiZe gardaicvala
1962 wels) erTi erTmaneTze gamovida wignebi saerTo kliSeTi - `ucnobi
grigol robaqiZe~: `kavkasiuri novelebi~, `demoni da miTosi~, `portretebi~,
`piradi mimowera~, `qal-RmerTis Zaxili~, `mcvelni graalisa~, `megi - qarTveli gogona~, `pro domo sua~.
vinc ar unda yofiliyo am sagamomcemlo proeqtis avtori, CemTvis
sazeimo is faqtia, rom komunisturi
reJimis akrZalvis Semdeg Tavisdauneburad grigol robaqiZes krZalavdnen
misive disSvilebi - yvela maTgani erTad da cal-calke, TavianTi ambiciebisa gamo da yvelgan awerdnen `erTerTi memkvidre... esa da es~. axla grigol
robaqiZis memkvidre TviT saqarTvelo
iqneba da mis da mkiTxvelTa interesebs amieridan saxelmwifo daicavs.
arada, rac sabWoeTSi pirvelad daibeWda `gvelis perangi~, amis Semdeg
gamudmebiT veZebdi robaqiZis TiToeul naSroms, sagangebod vixilavdi meoce
saukunis 20-iani wlebis periodikas
(germanul periodze xeli, ra Tqma unda,
ar migviwvdeboda) da Tu raimes vi povidi, iqve vadarebdi mwerlis bibliografias, iyo Tu ara cnobili esa Tu
is nawarmoebi, statia, esse Tu Targmani literaturaTmcodneebisaTvis da
sazogadoebis farTe wrisaTvis.

es kidev araferi, bolos da bolos
kanonmdeblobis doneze daixveweba
problema ise, rom
arc gamomcemlobebi dazaraldnen,
arc inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis
memkvidre pirebi, arc avtorebi da rac
mTavaria, arc mkiTxvelebi.
swored mkiTxveli unda iyos dominanti da amosavali wertili nebismieri kanonisa da inteleqtualur-samemkvidreo uflebebis warmarTvisas. aseT
SemTxvevaSi, sul ubralod, iuristTa
jgufis da sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebze
muSaobaa saWiro.
legendebad gabneuli
abrunduli laqebi

magram arsebobs ufro Rrma da sakmaod tragikuli niuansebi mwerlebsa
da mkiTxvelebs Soris urTierTobisa.
Cvenda samwuxarod da samarcxvinod,
es saqarTveloSi sakmaod kargad moqmedebs da mxolod imitom, rom qarTvel
mwerlebs Cveni mkiTxvelebi uyureben
ara mxolod rogorc nawarmoebTa avtorebs, aramed isini miaCniaT eris sulier
moZRvrebad. maT sityvas, yovel SemTxvevaSi, karga xnis manZilze didi fasi
hqonda, iqamde gadamwyvetic ki. ragind
gasaocaric ar unda iyos, vidremde
saqarTvelos ar gaaCnda saxelmwifoebrioba, qarTveli mwerlebi sakuTar Tavze iRebdnen eris mesaWis funqcias.
SemTxveviTi faqti ar iyo is, rom
ilias qarTvelma erma ugvirgvino mefe uwoda. TviT stalinuri teroris
qveS myofi mosaxleoba gulisyuriT
ecnoboda qarTveli mwerlebis xmas.
sakuTar tragediad miviReT mixeil
javaxiSvilisa da tician tabiZis mkvleloba, paolo iaSvilis TviTmkvleloba sakuTar gulSi gatarebul cxel
tyvias udrida. yvelas moRalateobas
davijerebdiT, garda mixeil javaxiSvilisa, saTuTad vinaxavdiT kvaWisa
da jayos wignebs, sakuTari sicocxlis
fasadac ki. xeli ar gvibrundeboda
ticianis suraTi Savi melniT gadagveCxapna, rogorc xalxis mtrisa, mis leqsebs guldagul vizepirebdiT. sulac
ar migvaCnda sircxvileulad da sisusted sabWoTa moqalaqe paolo iaSvilis TviTmkvleloba, erTgvar gmirul
saqcielad miviCnieT misi es nabiji
da im oTaxSi, sadac misi suli dailia, mudam mdumarebiT da mwuxare
SeZrwunebiT Sedian, an Tu SesaZlebelia, arc Sedian, raTa misi mSfoTvare
sulis simSvide amiT mainc iyos daculi. yvelaze vityodiT mteri da sabWoTa moqalaqisaTvis Seuferebeli ele-

mentiao, garda mwerlebisa da gana mxolod imitom, rom maTi nawerebi mogvwonda. Cven maT nawerebSi sakuTar
Tavs vkiTxulobdiT, sakuTar yofas
vacnobierebdiT da imTaviTve vicodiT,
rani viyaviT da saiT unda wavsuliyaviT. arc erTi qveynis mwerlebs is
sulieri misia ar ukisriaT, rogorc
qarTvelebs da es TavisTavad moxda.
qarTuli bunebidan gamomdinare ido
yvela CvenTaganSi genetikuri kodi qarTveli mwerlisadmi yuris gdebisa.
xar poeti da xar qarTveli - ese
igi xelSi giWiravs eris majiscema da
sakuTari sicocxliT gadmoscem amas,
awvdi imas,
visac yuri aqvs sasmenad da
Tvali aqvs samzerad.
araTu marto nawarmoebiT, qarTveli
mwerali zneobrivi magaliTi iyo erisaTvis, Tavisi nawarmeobis Sesaferisi
iyo misi cxovreba, da mitom. yofiliyavi yalTabandi, imas niSnavda, rom ar
unda yofiliyavi mwerali. iqneb amis
pirvelmedroSe TviT didi rusTveli
iyo, vin icis. qarTveli mwerlis cxovreba mudam eris cxovrebis msgavsi
iyo, arc meti da arc naklebi. amitom
me ar vTvli litonsityvaobad am sityvebs da RvTiur WeSmaritebad aRviqvam
maT: `eris wyluli maCndes wylulad,
mewodes mis tanjviT suli.
mis bediT da ubedobiT,
damedagos mtkice guli~.
erTia mwerlis Tavdadeba mkiTxvelisa da eris winaSe, meorea sapasuxo
grZnoba mkiTxvelisagan, ese igi erisgan. mkiTxveli konkretulad aRebuli
moazrovne eris nawilia, mkiTxvelTa
krebuli eris azrovnebaa da suliskveTeba. rom ara mkiTxvelis erTguleba
da siyvaruli, Cven dRes aRar gveqneboda `vefxistyaosani~, rodesac saxelmwifo manqanam srulad amoSanTa rusTvelis saxeli (Tamars ori meistorie
hyavda da arc erT maTganSi rusTveli Tu ara, Tamaris epoqis gvirgvini `vefxistyaosanic~ ki araa xsenebuli.
esaa swored saxelmwifo represia).
aravin icis ra dauSava rusTvelma
saqarTvelos. am gadasaxedidan sasaciloc kia amaSi eWvis Separebac ki. saxelmwifom ki (`axal bizantiad gamzadebul~ saqarTvelozea laparaki, Tamars
rom sul oqros vaSlebi ukrefia, rogorc amas murman lebaniZe dasZens
Tavis mSvenier qmnilebaSi) biografia
daukarga sakacobrio moazrovnes.
meore da aranakleb saSiSi mowinaaRmdege rusTvelisa eklesia iyo, romelmac yvela drois qarTuli poeziis

9

mSveneba mwvaleblobad miiCnia. savaraudo isicaa, rom SesaZlebelia TviT
eklesia gamxdariyo saxelmwifosa da
rusTvels Soris ganxeTqilebis inspiratori. gana cotaa analogiuri SemTxveva dafiqsirebuli religiis istoriaSi?! am azrs isic amkveTrebs, rom
saqarTveloSi ar moiZebneba eklesia,
sadac rusTvelis navsayudari yofiliyo. martoden ierusalimis jvris monasteria is erTaderTi mtkicebuleba,
rac anamdvilebs legendebSi gadazrdil
adamianur gaucxoebas. Tu iyo, esec
iZulebiTi aRkveca iqneboda, Tu hqonda
saerTod adgili aseT rames.
erTi aseTi mtkicebuleba:
`vefxistyaosani~ erT-erT xelnawer
variantSi ase iwyeba - `pirvel Tavi,
dasawyisi. naTqvamia ig sparsulad, vuxmobT vefxis tyaosnobiT, arssa Seiqs
xorcs, ar sulad, saeroa, ar axsenebs
samebasa erT-arsulad, [da] Tu uyura
monazonman, Seiqnebis gaparsulad.~
ra Tqma unda, es striqonebi rusTvels ar ekuTvnis, es ufro recenziaa,
an avismdomi cenzoris akrZalva galeqsili formiT. es taepi dakninebaa araTu mxolod avtoris, aramed qmnilebisic ki. rTuli gamosacnobi araa, rom
striqonebi saeklesio moRvawes unda
ekuTvnodes. romeli saukunis CanarTia,
mniSvneloba ara aqvs mxolod am SemTxvevaSi, aq mTavari paTosia, romlis
safuZvelzec ikrZaleba `vefxistyaosani~, an akrZalvis motivebia da TviT am
akrZalvis gamarTlebaa. amiT `iwyeba~
saqarTvelos oqros xanad wodebuli
epoqis damagvirgvinebeli Zegli da aqarwylebs momdevno taeps:
`romelman Seqmna samyaro
ZaliTa miT ZlieriTa
zegardmo arsni suliTa
yvna zeciT monaberiTa...~
da ase Semdeg.
rogori kontrastia: `Tu uyura
monazonman, Seiqnebis gaparsulado~ da
`romelman Seqmna samyaro ZaliTa miT
ZlieriTao...~
STabeWdileba gamaognebelia.
rusTveli Tavisi msofmxedvelobiT
ver Seegueboda sarwmunoebriv dogmatebs, igi Tavisufali moazrovne iyo
da sagnebs, movlenebsa da samyaros Taviseburad aRiqvamda, magram ara uRmerToebis principiT. dogmebisagan Tavisufali azri ki araTu mxolod saSualo
saukuneebSi, dResac ki saSiSia, radgan
dRemde gvaqvs SemorCenili genetikur
kodad dogmatisadmi brma da ukritiko morCileba. rusTvelis Semdeg aseTi
wesebisagan Tavisufali moazrovne sa-

10

qarTvelos aRar hyolia.
iliac iyo, akakic, vaJac, galaktionic, guramiSvili ufro axlos da
dRevandeli poetebi ufro Sors, magram
yvela maTgani raRac uxilavi borkilebiT arian dabmulni im raRac idumalis mimarT.
am Zalas, rac gnebavT, is daarqviT SiSi da ridi ZlierTa mimarT, Sinagani sindisi, TviTcenzura, oficiozisaTvis angariSis gaweva Tu aRviraxsnilobisaken sulswrafva da midrekileba,
raTa viRacam Tqvas raRac.
viRacis TqmisaTvis da viRacis Tqmisgan Tavis aridebaa rusTvelis Semdeg
qarTuli mwerlobis SeboWvis erTaderTi saSualeba. gana saTqmeli ar iTqmoda,
gana amiT SeizRuda raimeTi qarTuli
mwerloba? sruliadac ara, magram is
rusTveliseuli SeuzRudaoba, ucenzuroba daaklda qarTul sityvierebas.
amitom wavida rusTveli Zalian
Sors da Zalian axlos dadga sityvis
TavdapirvelobasTan.
amitomaa dRemde rom ebrZvian rusTvels, Sinauric da gareulic.
did poets Tu vinme gamoeqomaga, es
misi erTguli mkiTxvelia. misma pirvelma mkiTxvelebma igrZnes safrTxe
rusTvelis gaqrobisa da misi gadarCena
sruliad originaluri xerxiT gadawyvites - axalgaTxovil patarZlebs
ojaxi mziTvad atanda `vefxistyaosans~. maSindel droSi ZviradRirebuli siamovneba iyo wignis gadawera,
amitom visac amisi saxsrebi ar gaaCnda, zepirsityvierad gadahqonda es nawarmoebi Taobidan TaobaSi. bevri iyvnen
saqarTveloSi, vinc mTeli `vefxistyaosani~ zepirad icodnen. amaze ukeTesi magaliTebi mwerlis gadarCenisa
msoflio literaturis istorias ar
axsovs. TiTqos rogorc erTi, piri
Seikra sruliad saqarTvelom Tavisi
saero da sasuliero xelisuflebis
winaaRmdeg da gadaarCines sanukvari,
diadi, zogadreligiuri (da ara marto
qristianuli da miT ufro marTlmadidebluri), znekeTili da marTali.
rusTvelisa da Tamaris siyvarulis
miTi mxolod im uRrmesi winaaRmdegobis dafarvis mcdelobaa, rac did meWurWleTuxucess daatyda Tavs. an arada
sinanulis gamoxatulebaa momdevno TaobaTagan SoTas bedis gaukuRmarTebisa da bolos gaqrobis gamo.
Cven vambobT, saukuneobrivma Semosevebma ganapirobes didi poetis nakvalevis waSla. sarwmunoa, magram arasakmarisi argumenti.
Tamaris ori matiane xom gadaurCa

Cingiz-xanebsa da jalal-ed-dinebs da
maT moyolil rjulian Tu urjulo
dampyroblebs. am istoriebsa da SaravandedebSi ratom ar iqna moxseniebuli rusTveli Tu ara, `vefxistyaosani~ mainc? gana rusTvelze ukeTesi
samSvenisi Tamaris epoqas raime aqvs?
da kidev,
dRemde ratom ebrZvian rusTvels?
vinc icis misi fasi, swored is ebrZvis. iq, Soreul ierusalimSic ki
XXI saukuneSi wmida taZarSic SeebrZoles mas, qarTvelTa gamosajavreblad, magram ratom rusTvelis xaziT?
xeli miuwvdebodaT? da raze?
es ase ioli aRsaqmeli araa. amas
rom mixvde rusTvelisdari da rusTvelis toli mkiTxveli unda iyo, iseTi,
romelmac Cumad gadawera `vefxistyaosani~ mravali Ramis ganmavlobaSi da
dilaobiT ki moZRvars aRsarebas
abarebda...
legendac amas hqvia

borotma mavanma qarTveli mkiTxvelis aseTi damokidebuleba Tavisi mwerlobisa da mwerlebis mimarT daafiqsira da gadawyvita rogorme CamoeSorebina mkiTxveli mwerals. Sedegad mwerals aRar eqneboda xelT eris sulieri moZRvrisa da mesaWis xel-mwifeba. mwerali gadaiqceoda mxolod nawarmoebTa damwerad da sxvad arafrad. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi am nawarmoebTa
diskreditaciac iolad moxerxdeboda.
TergdaleulTa Taobamde uryevad
iqna Senaxuli qarTveli mwerlisa da
mkiTxvelis urTierTsiyvarulis sakraloba. pirveli Sxam-balRamis wveTi
qarTvel mkiTxvels maSin Caaylapes, rodesac akakis daabrales vano maCablis
idumali gauCinareba, esao-da akaki maCablis cols - tasos hyvarobso da mtkicebulebad TviT akakis leqsebi mohyavdaT. borotma fantaziam isic ki
Tqva, rom `suliko~ raRaciT miniSnebaa maCablis gauCinarebasTano, abas sxvas
ras mivaweroT es striqonebi:
`sayvarlis saflavs veZebdi,
ver vnaxe dakarguliyoo~.
ugunurebma isic ar ician, rom es
leqsi ivane maCabelis sicocxleSia
dawerili - aramc da aramc sindisis
qenjnis karnaxiT. am SemTxvevaSi Crdils araTu mxolod poets, aramed TviT
poetur Sedevrsac ayeneben da raRac
gulisamrev da amazrzen deteqtur qargaSi svamen qarTuli sulis msoflio
gamonaTebas.
aseT leqssa da aseT musikas veravin dawerda, da miT ufro veravin

aRiqvamda srulfasovnad, nawarmoebs
rom sisxlis suni sdiodes da Tanac
iseTi binZuri leitmotiviT, rogoradac warmoaCines akakis mtrebma ki ara,
qarTveli eris mtrebma.
ra mizans emsaxureboda amgvari ciliswameba: viRac mkiTxvelTagani am
ambebs rom moismens, Tu ar ityvis, gaifiqrebs, akakim ra unda mimReros iseTi,
TviTon rasac ar afuWebso. romc umtkico utyuari sabuTebiT, mas am Sxams
gonebidan ver amourecxav, adamianuri
bunebaa aseTi, da mitom. romc ar undodes, mainc daajerebs Tavs, TiTqos akakim
maCabeli mokla tasos daxmarebiTo.
sxvagan gasakviri da tragediac araa,
es saqarTveloSia sulis daSlis utyuari winapiroba. qarTvel mwerals aseT
rames qarTveli kaci ar apatiebs.
igive kacs colma rqebi rom daadgas Tavze, apatios iqneb, ai, mwerals ki
arasodes. aseTi moTxovnebi aqvT mweralTa mimarT qarTvelebs da isinic
mwerlobis am urTules gzaze damdgarebi cdiloben sakuTari nawarmoebebis
Rirseulni iyvnen da umeteswilad amas
mTelis SegnebiT udgebian.
mTeli aTwleulebis manZilze sdevda ilias damRa imisa, rom TiTqos igi
kokebs amtvrevda Tavze glexebs da
sakuTari wyarodan wyals aravis asmevdao. ise gadavida mTeli Taobebi am
azriT, rom dResamomdis moaRwia.
ase TandisTanobiT iwamleboda mkiTxvelis goneba.
me ver vityvi, es uneblied moxdao.
es mizanmimarTuli diskreditacia iyo,
riTac xalxSi araTu mxolod akakis,
an ilias, aramed zogadad mwerlis,
rogorc eris zneobrivi saxe ecema da
ixrwneba. saboloo Sedegi is aris,
rom sazogadoeba xdeba uwignuri...
uwignuri xalxis krebuli mxolod
brboa da brbos marTva Zalzed iolia.
ai, amis sawinaaRmdego zRudea CvenSi mwerali - mkiTxveli sazogadoeba
rom ar daClungdes da ar iqces eri
brbod da raodenobriv massad.
umeteswilad, Cvenda samwuxarod, aseTi yalbi legendebi gansazRvraven mwerlis garSemo warmodgenebis Seqmnas
da mravalma cudad dayrilma Worma
TviT mwerlobis sakraloba SebRala.
aman gamoiwvia deficiti eris sulieri moZRvrisa.
mwerlebi mravlad arian, magram maTSi
ar moipoveba pirovneba,romelic waruZRveboda ers, gananaTlebs mas da WeSmariti gzisken miuTiTebs.
dRevandeli mwerloba dakavebulia
umeteswilad komerciuli mosazrebiT

nakarnaxevi SemoqmedebiTi moRvaweobiT.
isini eridebian sazogadoebaSi gamosvlebs, sakuTar naWuWSi arian Caketilebi da Tu gamodian, gamodian mxolod
politikuri moTxovnebis fonze romeliRac politikuri polusis mxardasaWerad da mowinaaRmdege polusisadmi
protestis gamoxatviT.
es aris da es.
erTaderTi, vinc nebismier sakiTxze
televiziiT gamodioda da sakuTar
mosazrebebs Tamamad afiqsirebda, otia
ioseliani iyo mxolod, magram misi
gamosvlebi komediantebis sketCebisagan
arafriT gansxvavdeboda.
Tavis gamoCenisTvis yvela xerxi
misaRebia, oRond ara mwerlisTvis. igi
arc gamedidurebuli brZenkacis ieriT
ar unda iyos sakuTar naWuWSi Caketili. ase Cven, mkiTxvelebi, miCveuli
ar vyofilvarT mSobliuri mwerlobisgan. vinc rogorebi iyvnen bunebiT,
ise avlendnen sakuTar Tavs - privatuli kavSir-urTierTobebiTac da sakuTari nawarmoebebiTac.
partiulobis miRma arsebobda adamianuri urTierTobebi da es urTierTobebi yovelTvis gulwrfeli da gulaxdili iyo. sadac partia CaerTveboda,
iq ukve mwerali ukana planze ixevda
da misgan mxolod ideologiuri rupori rCeboda.
ase iyo TviT grigol robaqiZesTan
mimarTebaSic. verc igi gaeqca gaRma
napiras ideologiur wnexs. ki, ambobda
mesame napiridan vumzer movlenebs, sagnebs da pirovnebebso, magram es arasakmarisi iyo. hitlerisa da musolinis
eseebma gansazRvres misi omisSemdgomi
izoliacia sazogadoebisgan. aravin arafers erCoda, magram arsad arafers
akarebdnen. marto darCa, mkiTxvelis
gareSe gandgomilad. arada, es misi
buneba sulac ar yofila da arc aseTi
asketuri cxovrebisken miiswrafoda.
mwerals daakargvines mkiTxveli. mkiTxvelsac daakargvines mwerali da am
faqtorma martoden grigol robaqiZeze ki ara, TviT mkiTxvelTa farTo
wreze imoqmeda negatiurad.
ra daaklda mkiTxvels?
robaqiZiseuli sibrZne, mismieri Wvreta sagnebisa da movlenebisadmi mesame
napiridan, miTiur mzeSi CaZirva. igi
araTu sabWoeTSi, aramed dasavleTSic
ki aikrZala, magram aikrZala araoficialurad. mwerlisTvis mkiTxvelis
CamoSoreba sikvdilis tolfasi qmedebaa, magram mkiTxveli mwerlis gareSe da maradiuli Rirebulebebis ziarebis gareSe imTaviTve zezeulad Clun-

gdeba, magram misTvis gamosavali arsebobs, erTs Tu krZalaven, sxva nebadarTulia da ase Tu ise, raRac doziT
mainc xdeba vakuumis Sevseba. ar wavikiTxav robaqiZes, wavikiTxav cvaigsa
da kafkas, rac xelmewifeba, bolos da
bolos gorkis da maiakovskis, magram
wavikiTxav, radgan erTia mwerlis izolireba Cemgan da sxvaa saerTod mwerlobis izolireba. es ukanaskneli igive
SedegiT mTavrdeba, rac mwerlisTvis
mkiTxvelis Camocileba.
gana, vinc mxatvrul literaturas
ar kiTxulobs, ver cxovrobs da ver
cocxlobs, dros ver atarebs Tu sarCo-sabadebelze uwevs yoveldRiuri
zrunva? aseTi xalxi fons iolad gadian da wigni ki ara, televizorsac rom
ar uyuron da axali ambebic ar Seityon, maTTvis didi danaklisi sulac
ar iqneba. arc erTi cxoveli wigns ar
kiTxulobs - jer imitom, rom kiTxva
ar ician, merec imitom, rom Sesaferisi da Sesabamisi Wkua-goneba ar gaaCniaT wanakiTxi rom aRiqvan, gaiazron
da gaaanalizon maT garSemo arsebuli realoba. cxovelis instiqti aris
erTi - saWmeli.
Zalumad guram doCanaSvilis SesaniSnavi nawarmoebis erTi epizodi maxsendeba: `Camoiara iman, erT dros sacolem, ex, saidumlo gamometyvelebiT saxeze, rogoricaa sityva `moiisfro~, gverdiT ki mihyveboda kaci, iseTi usiamo
gamometyvelebiT saxeze, rogoricaa sityva `gavZexi~, da me ki ganze videq, zedmeti, rogorc sityva `maSasadame~.
da aqedan gamomdinare erTi ritorikuli kiTxva - aris Tu ara mxatvruli literatura `viwro gagebiT~.
Cemis azriT, literatura, gnebavT
mxatvruli da gnebavT specifikuri
aris orgvari - mkvdari da cocxali,
mkvdari literatura dabadebiTve mkvdaria da misi gacocxleba SeuZlebelia,
radgan masSi aranairi Rirebuli araa
arc literaturuli, arc mecnieruli.
misi arseboba gaumarTlebelia da afuWebs mkiTxvelis gemovnebas, erTgvar
mavneblur rols TamaSobs mkiTxvelsa
da avtors Soris. mniSvneloba ara aqvs
rodis daiwera esa Tu is mkvdradSobili nawarmoebi, misgan arc komerciuli sargeblobaa, radgan araa moTxovnadi, araTu mdore xarisxisa da uinteresobis gamo, aramed masTan erTad araaqtualurobis gamoc. cocxali literatura mkvdris sruli anti podia, ara
aqvs mniSvneloba, dRes daiwera da iwereba, Tu antikuri xanis da ufro adrindeli epoqebis naRvawia. arc imasa aqvs

11

mainca da mainc mniSvneloba, vis kalams
ekuTvnis is, radgan cocxali literatura TavisTavad Seicavs sakuTar TavSi araTu mxolod konkretul avtors,
aramed mTels Tavis epoqas da ufro
metsac - maradisobas. is marad aqtualuri da marad sainteresoa, iyos es
`iliada~ da `odisea~, `vefxistyaosani~, `RvTaebrivi komedia~, `don kixoti~
Tu romelime dRevandeli mwerlis nawarmoebi garsia markesi iqneba es, Cingiz
aiTmatovi Tu orhan famuqi. rac `gilgameSianSia~ cxovrebis wyurvili da
sikvdilis azarti, imave doziTaa gadmocemuli Wabua amirejibis romanebSi.
me ar vakadreb mkiTxvels leqciebi vukiTxo Temaze, Tu ras gvaZlevs
literatura, da mainc, `viwro gagebiT~,
mxatvruli literatura. TumcaRa erTis Tqma Tamamad SemiZlia:
me mxatvrulma literaturam ganmacdevina sikvdili da arasodes ase axlos am msoflio fenomenTan ar vmdgarvar. mivxvdi, rom literatura xelovnebis erTaderTi dargia, romelic aserigad gvacnobierebs sikvdils, mivyavarT
masTan, mis siaxloves gvamyofebs, mis
zRurbls miRma gvaxedebs da isev gvabrunebs realur samyaroSi da gvabruebs yovelive amiT. mere sul axleburi SegrZnebiT viwyebT cxovrebas. literatura ar arsebobs, `viwro gagebiT~,
mxatvruli, mxatvruli literatura
yovlismomcvelia da amis SegrZneba
yvela moazrovne adamianisTvisaa saWiroc da aucilebelic.
mxatvarma SeiZleba daxatos sikvdilis scena, kompozitorma daweros
rekqviemebi da messebi, magram arc erTi
ise ar miuaxlovdeba sikvdils, rogorc
mwerlis mier SeTxzuli nebismieri
nawarmoebi, Tundac is sikvdilze arc
iyos dawerili. es SegrZnebaa, Sinagani
muxtia cxovrebis ganfenilobisa. dinamikaSi ganicdi sikvdilis siCumis Semzaraobas da ara xmovan tragikul messebSi. messebi adamianuri tkivilis
gamoxatulebaa da ara TviT sikvdili,
mxatvris tiloebze Semzaraobis SeCerebuli wamia, mwerali ki amas cocxali scenebiT gadmogvcems, kidev vimeoreb, Tundac sikvdilis Sesaxeb sityvac
ar iyos naTqvami.
sikvdils is Zala gaaCnia, rom misi
aCrdili Tavisuflad gadmodis Sens
yoveldRiurobaSi da giadvilebs cxovrebas, da sabolood, giadvilebs TviT
sikvdilsac, im bolo wams, da ginaTebs
gzas im bolo wamis miRma saval gzaze.
amas religiac akeTebs, magram dogmatebiT da mkacrad.

12

arc erTi mecniereba sikvdilis garSemo ar trialebs, TviT yvelaze zusti
martirologiuri samedicino mecnierebac ki. is afiqsirebs fiziologiuri movlenis dinamikas da swavlobs
sikvdilis Taviseburebebs, Tu ra mosdis
sxeuls sasikvdilo agoniis dros da
ra etapebs gaivlis momakvdavi sikvdilamde da ra cvlilebebs ganicdis
organizmi sikvdilis pirvel xanebSi
vidre dasruldeba procesi.
mxolod literatura ixilavs momakvdavis sulier aspeqtebs...
da es momakvdavi vin, Tu ara, igive
mkiTxvelia nawarmoebis kiTxvis Jams.
es ganwyoba kargad unda gaiTvaliswinos yvela mkiTxvelma da daiWiros
wami momakvdavobisa, raTa am SegrZnebiT
iazrovnos nawarmoebis garSemo da miagnos im sanukvarsa da saTuTs, rac
mweralma Cado ama Tu im nawarmoebSi.
es is wamia, rodesac TiToeul adamianSi veZeb im wanakiTx gmirebs, fantaziis nairsaxeobaSi rom warmoCndebian - da marTlac vxvdebi ramden soloman morbelaZes,
platon da bekina samaniSvilebs,
safar begsa da baSi-aCuks,
im RamenaTevi wignebidan realobaSi iWrebian
esmeraldebi,
gavroSebi,
kvazimodoebi,
guinplenebi.
gviyvardeba viRac ucnobi asulebi,
radgan isini karmensa da anna kareninas hgvanan da iqneb nataSa rostovas
gansaxierebanic iyvnen im pirveli mejlisis mRelvarebiT aRtkinebulni.
rogor ar unda giyvardes asmaTi es literaturuli unikumi upretenzio adamiani, romelic SenTvis yvelafers gaakeTebs, radgan erTgulebis saburvelSia gaxveuli da Senc
uyoymanod endobi mas, sicocxles andob
da Rirebul faseulobas. marto ucnobi
ar iqneba, vinc axlo momavalSi gadakveTs Seni cxovrebis gzas. igi sadRac
gyavs nanaxi da mis Sesaxeb yvelaferi
ici qvecnobierad. rodesac im ucnobs
axlos gaicnob, gasaocar msgavsebas
daiWer romeliRac literaturul gmirTan, miamgvaneb im axalgacnobil ucnobs,
Sens cxovrebaSi rom sul es-esaa Semovida. klasika imadaa klasika, rom yvelgan,
dedamiwis yvela kontinentze Sexvdebi
ucxoelebSi SenTvis Zalian nacnobi
literaturuli gmirebis analogs.
ramdenadac erovnulia konkretuli
nawarmoebis qarga, imdenad internacionaluria is, zogaderovnuli.

nodar dumbaZisTvis bevr ucxoel
kolegas uTqvams: - Sen Cems bebias xom
ar icnobdi, ase zustad da zedmiwevniT rom aRwere igio?!
amaSi mdgomareobs cocxali literaturis xibli... da igive:
vin ifiqrebda qarTuli moklemetraJiani filmebi `rekordi~ da `qvevri~
ucxouri literaturis pirvelwyaroebi Tu iqneboda da kinoscenarebi warmoadgendnen Targmans. mxolod ganswavluli mkiTxveli dainaxavs luiji
pirandelosa da karel Capekis novelebSi qarTvelebs, qarTul bunebas.
mkiTxveli sakuTari TvisebebiT, sakuTari intuiciiTa da sakuTari dakvirvebebiT mwerlis Tanamoazre da nawarmoebis Seqmnis Tanamonawilea, radgan
bevr SemTxvevaSi mwerlisa da erTguli
mkiTxvelis urTierToba ganapirobebs
nawarmoebis dasaxuli miznebisagan gadaxvevas, rac araerTxel ganuxorcielebia konstantine gamsaxurdias `mTvaris motacebisa~ da `daviT aRmaSeneblis~ Seqmnisas. yofila SemTxvevebi,
mkiTxvelTa daJinebuli moTxovnebis
Semdeg wertildasmuli nawarmoebebi
gagrZelebula da aranaklebi warmatebiT, vidre dasrulebuli nawarmoebi.
amas TviT migel de' servantesic aRiarebda da `don kixoti~ mkiTxvelTa
rCevis safuZvelze logikur dasasrulamde miiyvana. es urTierToba wyaliviT sWirdeba rogorc mwerals, aseve
mkiTxvels.
cxovreba orTavesTvis ufro Sinaarsiani da nayofieria aseT dros. rogori siamayiT SeiZleba aivso, rodesac
Seni rCeviT esa Tu is nawarmoebi im
gziT wava, rogoric Sen dausaxe avtors
da manac es rCeva yurad iRo srulad,
an nawilobriv. piradad me bednierad
vigrZnobdi Tavs aseT SemTxvevaSi rogorc mweralica da rogorc mkiTxvelic, orTav SemTxvevaSi.
es urTierToba nel-nela unda aRdges, TandisTanobiT. dRes komunikaciis
meti saSualeba arsebobs, raTa sayvarel mwerals miawodo sakuTari mosazreba. amitom pirvel yovlisa unda vicodeT erTi ram - wigniereba am uwignur
samyaroSi warmogaCens rogorc margalits leqSi da yovelis mxridan SesamCnevi iqnebi. mere Sens sityvas fasi
daedeba da SenTan urTierToba nebismieri donis mwerlisTvis sapatio iqneba. amitom unda wavikiTxoT mxatvruli
literatura, ar unda daviviwyoT mecnieruli literaturac, raTa dinamiurad ganviTardes azrovneba da Semdeg...
- Semdeg yvelaferi kargad iqneba!

ika~ warmogidgenT:
fondi `qarTuli amer
amerika~

prezident obamas gamosvla
saemigracio reformis Sesaxeb
prezidenti: CemTvis sasiamovnoa las
vegasSi dabruneba! (taSi). aseve Zalian sasiamovnoa amdeni kargi megobris
gverdiT yofna.
aq imyofeba bevri mniSvnelovani
stumari, Tumca, me mxolod ramdenime
maTgans gamovyof. pirvel rigSi, aq imyofeba CvenTvis kargad cnobili, qveynis
usafrTxoebis departamentis mdivani
- janet napolitano; SesaniSnavi Sinagan saqmeTa mdivani - ken salazari; yofili Sromis departamentis mdivani hilda solisi; kongresis delegaciis
ori mniSvnelovani warmomadgeneli nevadas Statidan - stiv horsfordi da
dina titusi da Tqveni meri - kerolin gudmani.
da Tqven yvelani imyofebiT aq, iseve
rogorc Cveni qveynis mniSvnelovani
SromiTi profesiuli kavSirebis liderebi. da Cven ubralod yvelani madlierebi varT. aseve dRes CvenTan arian
zogierTi cnobili biznes-liderebic.
aq arian Cveni SesaniSnavi studentebi - Cveni saamayo studentebi.
exla gTxovT dabrZandeT, Tavisuflad daikavoT Tqveni adgilebi. araferi
maqvs sawinaaRmdego.
wina kviras, pativi mqonda damedo
fici rogorc SeerTebuli Statebis
prezidents meore vadiT da Cems sazeimo gamosvlaSi visaubre imaze, Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovania progresis miRweva Cveni drois gamowvevebis gansazRvrisaTvis, romelic Cvengan ar moiTxovs
gavmarToT debatebi yvelaferze an ignorireba gavukeToT yvela im gansxvavebas, rac Cvens Soris arsebobs. aramed,
es moiTxovs,rom vipovoT saerTo safuZvlebi da wavideT win saerTo miznisaken. es Cvengan moqmedebas moiTxovs.
me vici, rom zogierTi sakiTxi ufro rTuli gadasawyveti iqneba, vidre
sxvebi. zogierTi debati ufro damakmayofilebeli iqneba. es mosalodnelic
aris. magram, me dRes aq risTvisac movedi aris is, rom am gamowvevis mimarT
gansxvavebebi TandaTan mcirdeba. am sakiTxis mimarT farTo SeTanxmeba iwyeba
da qmedebebisken mowodeba ismis mTeli

amerikidan. me dRes var aq imitom, rom
movida dro saerTo da yovelmxrivi
saemigracio reformisTvis.
ukve droa. ukve droa. ukve droa.
dRes aq imitom var, rom amerikelebis umravlesoba Tanxmdeba, rom ukve
droa aRvadginoT sistema, romelic
daingra Zalian didi xnis win. me aq
var imitom, rom biznes-liderebi, religiuri liderebi, SromiTi kavSirebis
liderebi, samarTaldamcavebi da liderebi orive partiidan Tanxmdebian, raTa
ganacxadon rom ukve droa vi povoT
ukeTesi gza, raTa mivegeboT mozRvavebul, imedian emigrantebs, romlebic kvlav xedaven amerikas rogorc farTo
SesaZleblobebis qveyanas. ukve droa
gavakeToT es, raTa gavaZlieroT Cveni
ekonomika da Cveni qveynis momavali.
dafiqrdiT amis Sesaxeb - Cven ganvsazRvravT sakuTar Tavs rogorc emigrantebis qveyanas. es aris rac Cven
varT Cvens ZvlebSi. imedi, romelsac
Cven vxedavT im adamianebSi, romlebic
Camodian aq globaluri samyaros yoveli kuTxidan, yovelTvis iyo Cveni erTerTi yvelaze didi siZliere. es uzrunvelyofs Cveni samuSao Zalis axalgazrdobas; es uzrunvelyofs Cveni qveynis maRal dones da es daexmara qveyanas Seqmniliyo uZlieresi ekonomikuri manqana, romelic msoflios rodesme unaxavs.
emigrantebis daxmarebiT Seiqmna iseTi biznesebi rogoricaa „Yahoo“ da
„Google“. maT Seqmnes sruliad axali,
iseTi industriebi, romlebmac SemdgomSi Seqmnes axali samuSao adgilebi
da axleburi keTildReoba Cveni moqalaqeebisaTvis. bolo wlebSi oTxidan
erTi maRalteqnologiuri wamowyeba
amerikaSi iyo dafuZnebuli emigrantebis mier. oTxidan erTi mcire biznesis mflobelebi iyvnen emigrantebi, maT
Soris, uSualod aq - nevadaSi. adamianebi, Camovidnen aq SesaZleblobebis ZiebaSi, exla ki undaT es SesaZleblobebi gauziaron sxva amerikelebs.
magram, dRes Cven ukve yvelam viciT,
rom gvaqvs saemigracio sistema, romel-

sac ukve vada aqvs gasuli, damsxvreulia. es aris sistema, romelic ukan gvabrunebs, imis magivrad gavzardoT Cveni
ekonomika da gavaZlieroT saSualo fena.
amJamad, Cven gvyavs 11 milioni usabuTo emigranti amerikaSi. 11 milioni
mamakaci da qali mTeli msofliodan,
romlebic cxovroben CrdilSi.
diax, maT daarRvies wesebi, maT gadmokveTes sazRvari aralegalurad, SeiZleba maT vizis xangrZlivobas gadaaciles. eseTia faqtebi. aravin kamaTobs
amis Sesaxeb. magram, es 11 milioni
mamakaci da qali axla aq arian. bevri
maTgani wlebia rac aq imyofeba da am
individualebis udidesi umravlesoba
ar warmoadgenen safrTxes. isini arian
Cveni sazogadoebis wevrebi, romelTac
TavianTi moqalaqeobrivi wvlili SeaqvT. isini zrunaven TavianTi ojaxebisTvis, exmarebian TavianT mezoblebs,
Cveni cxovrebis qsovils qsoven.
yoveldRe, iseve, rogorc yoveli
CvenTagani, isini gamodian saxlebidan
samuSaod. xSirad, isini amas akeTeben
Crdilovan ekonomikaSi, anu im adgilas,
sadac maTi damqiraveblebi SesaZloa
maT sTavazoben minimalur anazRaurebaze
naklebs an amuSaveben damatebiT samuSao saaTebs premialuri anazRaurebis
gareSe. da rodesac es xdeba, es ar
aris cudi mxolod maTTvis, aramed es
cudia mTeli ekonomikisTvis. imitom,
rom yvela biznesi, romelic cdilobs
gaakeTos yvelaferi kanonierad, romlebic qiraoben adamianebs kanonierad, uxdian Sesabamis anazRaurebas, moqmedeben
wesebis Sesabamisad, swored es biznesebi ganicdian zarals. maT uwevT konkurencia iseT kompaniebTan, romlebic
arRveven wesebs. agreTve, safrTxis qveS
dgas amerikeli muSa-mosamsaxureebis
xelfasi da samuSao pirobebi.
maSasadame, Tu Cven namdvilad gvinda
gavaZlieroT Cveni saSualo fena da
mivceT warmatebebis miRwevis meti saSualeba maT, visac survili aqvT meti
imuSaon imisaTvis, raTa gaxdnen saSualo fena, Cven es sistema aucileblad
unda davxvewoT.

13

Cven unda vuzrunvelyoT, raTa amerikaSi yoveli biznesi da yvela mSromeli TamaSobdes erTnairi wesebiT. Cven
unda gamoviyvanoT Crdilovani ekonomika sinaTleze, imisTvis, rom yvela
iyos angariSvaldebuli - biznesebi (imisTvis Tu vis qiraoben) da emigrantebi (raTa kanonis swor mxares aRmoCndnen). es aris saerTo midgoma. swored
amisTvis gvWirdeba yovelmxrivi saemigracio reforma. (aplodismentebi)
aris kidev erTi ekonomikuri mizezi, risTvisac Cven gvWirdeba es reforma.
es ar aris mxolod imitom, rom isini
Camovidnen aq aralegalurad da efeqti
aqvT Cvens ekonomikaze. es keTdeba aseve imaTTvis, visac aq legalurad unda
Camosvla da amas ver axerxebs.
dResdReobiT, Cvens saukeTeso universitetebSi swavloben SesaniSnavi
studentebi mTeli msofliodan. isini
euflebian xarisxebs iseT samomavlo
sferoebSi, rogoricaa sainJinro saqmianoba da kompiuteruli mecnierebebi. magram, rogorc ki isini swavlas
daasruleben da miiReben di plomebs,
didi Sansia rom Cveni qveyana datovon.
dafiqrdiT amis Sesaxeb.
kompania „Intel“-i Seiqmna im emigrantis daxmarebiT, romelmac aq iswavla
da Semdeg darCa aq. „Instagram“-i aseve
Seiqmna emigrantis daxmarebiT, romelmac iswavla aq da darCa. exlac, romeliRac saklaso oTaxSi arian studentebi, romlebic wvaloben Tu rogor
ganaxorcielon TavianTi didi ideebi
- TavianTi „Intel“-i da „Instagram“-i Seqmnan didi biznesi. Cven vaZlevT maT
yvela aucilebel unar-Cvevas, rac maT
amaSi daexmareba. magram, Semdeg Cven mivutrialdebiT da veubnebiT, rom es
biznesi daiwyon da samuSao adgilebi
Seqmnan CineTSi, indoeTSi, meqsikaSi an
sadme sxvagan? es ar aris is midgoma,
romlis meSveobiTac gaizrdeba axali
mrewveloba amerikaSi. es aris is, Tu
rogor vaZlevT Cven axal mrewvelobebs Cvens konkurentebs. swored amisTvis gvWirdeba saemigracio reforma.
Cemi pirveli saprezidento vadis
dros, Cven gadavdgiT nabijebi, raTa
saxeldaxelod SegvekeTebina sistemis
yvelaze didi bzarebi.
pirveli - Cven gavaZliereT usafrTxoebis zomebi sazRvrebze, raTa SegveCerebina aralegalurad emigrantebis Semodineba. Cven davayeneT yvelaze
meti mesazRvre Cvens samxreT sazRvarze
Cveni qveynis istoriaSi. da dRes, sazRvris ukanono gadmokveTa Semcirebulia 80%-iT mis pikTan SedarebiT, ro-

14

melic 2000 wels iyo.
meore - Cven gavaZliereT samarTaldamcavi organoebis saqmianoba im kriminalebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic aq aralegalurad imyofebian da safrTxes uqmnian Cvens sazogadoebas. dRes kriminalebis deportacia aris yvelaze maRal
niSnulze, romelic ki rodesme yofila.
da mesame - Cven davexmareT axalgazrdebs, romlebic aq Camoiyvanes roca
isini iyvnen bavSvebi, axalgazrdebi romlebic aq gaizardnen, Seqmnes TavianTi
cxovreba, romlebsac aq aqvT momavali.
Cven vTqviT, rom Tu Tqven daakmayofilebT ZiriTad kriteriumebs, magaliTad iswavliT, maSin Cven ganvixilavT,
rom mogceT Sansi gamoxvideT Crdilidan da icxovroT da imuSaoT legalurad, sabolood igrZnoT da icodeT
Tqveni adgili.
magram, vinaidan es cvlileba droebiTia, Cven gvWirdeba rom kongresma
imoqmedos - da imoqmedos ara mxolod
`ocnebis aqtze~. Cven gvWirdeba kongresma imoqmedos yovelmxriv midgomaze,
romelic sabolood Seexeba 11 milion usabuTo emigrants, romlebic dRes
qveyanaSi arian. es aris is, rac Cven
gvWirdeba! (aplodismentebi)
am etapze, kargi siaxle aris is,
rom pirvelad mravali wlis Semdeg
(rogorc Cans), respublikelebi da demokratebi mzad arian es problema erToblivad gadawyviton. (aplodismentebi) orive partiis wevrebi, orive palataSi, aqtiurad muSaoben erTad sakiTxis gadasawyvetad. guSin senatorebis
orpartiulma jgufma ganacxada yovelmxrivi saemigracio reformis sakuTari princi pebi, romlebic metwilad
Seesabameba im principebs, romlebic me
wamovayene da romelTa kampanias veweodi bolo ramdenime wlis manZilze.
amdenad, am momentisaTvis, Cans rom arsebobs gulwrfeli survili, raTa es
male ganxorcieldes.
magram, amjerad amas konkretuli
qmedeba unda mohyves. Cven ar SegviZlia Tavs ufleba mivceT, rom saemigracio reforma Caeflos gauTavebel
debatebSi. Cven amis Sesaxeb debatebs
vxedavT Zalian didi xania. amdenad, es
ar aris ise, TiTqos Cven ar vicodeT
Tu teqnikurad ra aris gasakeTebeli.
Sedegad, imisTvis rom davexmaroT am
process rom gagrZeldes, dRes me Camovayalibeb Cems ideebs saemigracio reformis Sesaxeb da imedi maqvs, rom es
miawodebs ramdenime mniSvnelovan saniSnes kongresis wevrebs, rodesac isini
SeimuSaveben kanonproeqts. SegaxsenebT,

rom ideebs romlebsac dRes gTavazobT,
tradiciulad mxardaWerili iyo demokratebis (magaliTad ted kenedis)
da respublikelebis (magaliTad prezident jorj buSis-umcrosis) mier.
Tqven ar gaqvT amgvari Tanxvedra xSirad. (icinis) amdenad, Cven viciT sad
unda Sedges konsesusi.
exla, ra Tqma unda, iqneba mkacri
debatebi mravali detalis Sesaxeb da
yvela dainteresebuli mxare unda wavides realur daTmobebze an SeiZleba
raime moiTxovos am procesSi. magram
CvenTvis mniSvnelovania, rom safuZveli orpartiuli saqmianobisTvis ukve
Seqmnilia. da Tu kongresi ver SeZlebs
droulad waiwios win, maSin Tavad
gavagzavni kanonproeqts Cemi winadadebebiT da dabejiTebiT movTxov dauyovnebliv miscen xma mas.
principebi aris sakmaod pirdapiri.
aris bevri detali mis ukan. Cven SevqmniT dokuments ise, rom yvelas ecodineba Tu raze vsaubrobT. Tumca principebi aris sakmaod martivi.
pirvel rigSi, me mjera, rom unda
movaxdinoT samarTaldamcavi berketis
gaZliereba. es niSnavs rom unda gavagrZeloT usafrTxoebis sistema Cvens
sazRvrebze; es niSnavs imas, rom gavaZlieroT im biznesebze zewola, romlebic, winaswari SecnobiT qiraoben usabuTo muSa-mosamsaxureebs. samarTlianobisTvis avRniSnav, rom biznesebis umravlesobas surs saqmis sworad warmarTva, magram maT uWirT gaarkvion vin
aris aq legalurad da vin ara. amdenad, Cven gvesaWiroeba SevqmnaT erovnuli sistema, romelic SesaZleblobas
miscems biznesebs swrafad da zustad
Seamowmon pirovnebis samuSao statusi.
da Tu mainc, winaswari SecnobiT, isini
daiqiraveben usabuTo muSa-mosamsaxureebs, maSin Cven unda avamoqmedoT Sesabamisi jarimebi.
meore - Cven unda mivxedoT 11 milion adamians, romlebic aq aralegalurad imyofebian. Cven yvelani vTanxmdebiT, rom am mamakacebma da qalebma
unda daimsaxuron TavianTi gza moqalaqeobisken. magram imisTvis, raTa yovelmxrivma saemigracio reformam imuSaos, unda iyos naTeli rom aris gza
moqalaqeobisken. (aplodismentebi)
Cven unda davsaxoT gza - procesi,
romelic moicavs warsulis Semowmebas, gadasaxadebis gadaxdas, jarimebis
gadaxdas, inglisuris swavlas da amis
Semdeg rigis ukana xazze dabrunebas
(imaT ukan, vinc cdilobs aq legalurad
Camovides). es aris samarTliani. asea?

amdenad, es niSnavs imas, rom ar iqneba swrafi procesi, magram es iqneba
samarTliani procesi. da es gamoiyvans
am adamianebs Crdilidan da miscems
maT Sanss miiRon „Green Card“-i da
bolos ki moqalaqeoba.
da mesame principi aris is, rom Cven
unda moviyvanoT Cveni legaluri emigraciis sistema 21-e saukunis standartebTan SesabamisobaSi, vinaidan is aRar
asaxavs Cveni drois realiebs. magaliTad, Tu Tqven moqalaqe xarT, maSin
aRar unda giwevdeT wlebi lodini
rom Tqveni ojaxi amerikaSi CamoiyvanoT. Tqven ar unda elodoT amas wlebi.
Tu Tqven ucxoeli studenti xarT,
romelsac unda gaikeTos kariera mecnierebis an teqnologiis sferoSi, an
Tu Tqven ucxoeli mewarme xarT, romelsac unda biznesis keTeba daiwyos da
daexmaros amerikel investorebs, maSin
Cven unda dagexmaroT rom es gaakeToT. imitom, rom Tu Tqven warmatebas
miaRwevT, Tqven SeqmniT amerikul biznesebs da samuSao adgilebs amerikelebisTvis. Tqven dagvexmarebiT gavzardoT
Cveni ekonomika. Tqven dagvexmarebiT
gavaZlieroT Cveni saSualo fena.
amdenad, rogor gamoiyureba yovelmxrivi saemigracio reforma: ufro
Wkvianuri samarTaldacviTi qmedebebi,
gza moqalaqeobis damsaxurebisken da
legaluri saemigracio sistemis gaumjobeseba, raTa viyoT magniti saukeTeso da yvelaze Wkviani adamianebisTvis
mTeli msofliodan. es sakmaod martivia.
kiTxva martivad dgas: varT Tu ara
Cven gabeduli rogorc xalxi, rogorc
qveyana, rogorc mTavroba, romelic sabolood ukan Camoitovebs am problemas.
me mjera, rom Cven SevZlebT. me mjera,
rom Cven sabolood varT im momentTan,
rom yovelmxrivi saemigracio reforma
Cvens xelSia.
magram me Tqven gpirdebiT erT rames:
rac ufro axlos mivalT sakiTxis
gadawyvetasTan, miT ufro emociuri
iqneba debatebi. emigracia yovelTvis
iyo iseTi sakiTxi, romelic aRvivebs
Zlier grZnobebs. es ar aris siurprizi. CvenTvis, rogorc sazogadoebisTvis,
ufro mniSvnelovania ramdenime sakiTxi,
vidre maTTvis, vinc aq Camodis da eZaxis Cvens yveyanas Tavis saxls, visac
aqvs privilegia gaxdes amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis moqalaqe.
rodesac Cven abstraqtulad vsaubrobT, zogjer ufro advilia diskusia warvmarTod da gaviTavisoT sakiTxi
rogorc „Cveni“ da ara „imaTi“. Cven
es gvaviwydeba. CvenTvis namdvilad mniS-

vnelovania gvaxsovdes Cveni istoria:
Tu Tqven ar xarT aborigeni amerikeli, maSin Tqven saidanRac CamoxvediT
- viRacam CamogiyvanaT aq.
ken salazari aris meqsikeli amerikeli, magram is aRniSnavs, rom misi
ojaxi cxovrobs iq, sadac is cxovrobs
400 weli. amdenad, mas arsad emigrireba ar mouxdenia. (sicili)
irlandieli, romelmac ukan Camoitova SimSili Tavis qveyanaSi; germanelebi, romlebic gaeqcnen samarTlebriv devnas; skandinavielebi, romlebic
iyvnen pionerebi dasavleTSi; polonelebi, rusebi, italielebi, Cinelebi, iaponelebi, dasavleT indoelebi; masobrivi jgufebi, romlebic Semovidnen elisis kunZulis gavliT erT sanapiroze
da angelozis kunZulis gavliT meore sanapiroze - es adamianebi manam, sanam gaxdebodnen „Cven“, iyvnen - „isini“.
rodesac emigrantebis axali talRa
Semoedineboda, isini awydebodnen winaaRmdegobas maTgan, vinc ukve aq imyofeboda. isini gaWirvebul mdgomareobaSi iyvnen, ganicdidnen rasistul midgomas, masxrad igdebdnen. magram, droTa
ganmavlobaSi, rodesac maT aawyves cxovreba, daiwyes muSaoba, Seqmnes ojaxi,
Seqmnes samezoblo, maTi Svilebi skolaSi wavidnen - Seitanes sakuTari wvlili saxelmwifos mSeneblobaSi.
isini iyvnen ainSteinebi da karnegebi. magram, aseve iyvnen milionobiT
qalebi da mamakacebi, romelTa saxelebi
istorias SesaZloa ar axsovdes, magram
maTi qmedebebi dagvexmara Cven gavmxdariyaviT is, ranic varT dRes. isini, vinc
aaSenes qveyana TavianTi xelebiT, TiTo
aguris dadebiT. isini yvelani Camovidnen da acnobierebdnen, rom - iyo amerikeli, ar aris mxolod sisxli an dabadeba, aramed es aris erTguleba Cveni
damfuZnebeli princi pebisa da rwmena
imisa, rom nebismier adamians nebismieri adgilidan SeuZlia daweros Cveni
istoriis momdevno didi Tavi.
da es dResac asea. kiTxeT alan
alemans. alani dRes aq aris? alani
daibada meqsikaSi. is Camoiyvanes mSoblebma, roca patara bavSvi iyo. roca
gaizarda, igi Sevida amerikul skolaSi, fici dado amerikul droSaze, Tavs
yovelmxriv amerikelad grZnobda - da
is iyo kidevac amerikeli, garda erTi
detalisa - is ar iyo amerikeli sabuTebSi. skolaSi alani xedavda, rom
rodesac man da misma Tanatolebma Sesabamis asaks miaRwies, alanis Tanatolebi atarebdnen manqanebs axali marTvis mowmobebiT, muSaobdnen savaWro

centrebSi zafxulobiT. man icoda, rom
mas igives gakeTeba ar SeeZlo. magram
es misTvis arc Tu ise bevrs niSnavda.
alanisTvis mniSvnelovani iyo is, rom
swavlobda da warmatebas miaRwevda
misi RvTis mier boZebuli SesaZleblobebiT. gasul wels alanma gaigo axali
ambavi, romelic SesaZleblobas aZlevda
misnair axalgazrdebs gamosuliyvnen
Crdilidan - Tundac mxolod ori
wlis vadiT am etapze - is iyo erTerTi pirveli, vinc gancxadeba Seitana da ramdenime Tvis win is iyo pirveli nevadas StatSi, vinc dadebiTi pasuxi miiRo. am momentSi alanma Tqva:
„me vigrZeni, rom SiSi gaqra. me vigrZeni
rom mimiRes“.
dRes alani samxreT nevadas kolejis meore kursis studentia. swavlobs
imisTvis, rom gaxdes eqimi. is imedovnebs, rom Cairicxeba sahaero Zalebis
rigebSi. igi yoveldRe bevrs muSaobs,
raTa Seqmnas ukeTesi sacxovrebeli
pirobebi misTvis da misi ojaxisTvis.
da erTaderTi rac mas unda, aris is,
rom mieces SesaZlebloba raTa Seitanos misi wvlili ukeTesi amerikis
mSeneblobis saqmeSi.
amdenad, momdevno kvirebSi reformis
idea gaxdeba ufro realuri da debatebi ki ufro cxare. da maT, vinc cdilobs gadados es sakiTxi, gaixseneT
alani da yvela isini, vinc iziarebs
igive imedebs da igive ocnebebs. gaxsovdeT, rom es ar aris mxolod politikuri debatebi - es Seexeba adamianebs.
es aris im mamakacebis da qalebis, aseve axalgazrdebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac
ar undaT araferi, garda imisa rom
mieceT Sansi daimsaxuron TavianTi
gza amerikul istoriaSi.
mTeli Cveni istoriis manZilze es
aZlierebda Cvens saxelmwifos. da es
dagvarwmunebs imaSi, rom es saukune
aris iseTive, rogorc iyo wina: amerikuli saukune, guls uxsnis yvelas,
vinc iswrafvis metis gakeTebas, visac
surs imuSaos Zlierad amis misaRwevad, visTvisac Cveni droSa saficaria.
didi madloba. RmerTma daglocoT.
RmerTma dalocos amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi.

qarTuli emigraciisaTvis am gamosvlis qarTul enaze TqvenTvis mowodeba SesaZlebeli gaxda fond `qarTuli amerikis~ daxmarebiT

15

yovladsamRvdelono mRvdelmTavarno, moZRvarno, diakonno, ber-monozonno,
yovelno sulierno Svilno saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiisa, RvTivkurTxeuli iveriis mkvidrno da Cveni
samSoblos sazRvrebs gareT mcxovrebno
Tanamemamuleno! „amieridan ucxoni ki
aRara xarT, aramed wmidanTa Tanamoqalaqeni da RmerTis saxleulni“ (efes.
2;19). aTaswlovani molodini kacTa
modgmis xsnisa dasrulda. aRsrulda
mraval TaobaTa natvra, - iSva ieso.
oci saukunis win aRmobrwyinvebuli beTlemis varskvlavi dRes kvlav
amcnobs samyaros eniT miuwvdomel saidumlos RvTis ganxorcielebisa; saswauls, romelsac verasodes Caswvdeba
adamianuri goneba. saocrebas, romelsac
verasodes warmoidgenda TviT angelozTa dasic. TiTqmis ar aris arcerTi
qveyana, arcerTi qristianuli ojaxi,
rom ar xarobdes am dRis dadgomiT,
magram faqtia, rom bevrisTvis ucnobia
aseTi ganwyobis namdvili mizezi da
isic, Tu ras avaldebulebs es dRe
yovel adamians. umravlesoba ver gvipasuxebs, mainc ra mizniT miiRo kacobrivi buneba ufalma? ra saWiro iyo
es? ra Seicvala misi mosvliT dedamiwaze? amis gageba zogierTs arc ki
ainteresebs, maTTvis isic sakmarisia,
rom kargi ganwyobisa da mxiarulebis
raRac mizezi aqvT. dae, iyos es qristes
Soba, _ arsobriv mniSvnelobas amas
arc aniWeben. maT ki, romelnic naklebad gaTviTcnobierebulni arian sarwmunoebaSi, magram codnis SeZenis survili aqvT, kidev erTxel Sevaxseneb wminda
werils:
adami Semoqmedma xatad da msgavsad
Tvissa Seqmna da samoTxeSi netari
cxovreba uboZa, magram samyaros gvirgvinad da ganmgeblad dadgenili kaci
Tavisi nebiT, ampartavnebiTa da upasuxismgeblo qceviT RmerTs ganudga da
macduris monobaSi aRmoCnda. masTan
erTad daeca miwieri samyaroc, romelic mas eqvemdebareboda. RvTis madliT
aRvsili harmonia, wm. maqsime aRmsarebelis sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, eSmakis
tiraniiT ganmsWvalulma siZulvilma
da urTierTdapirispirebam Secvala;
es mdgomareoba aisaxa rogorc adamianTa Soris urTierTobebSi, ise cxovelTa, mcenareTa da saerTod, mTeli bunebis arsebobis wesSi: yvelaferi daeqvemdebara princi ps, - brZola arsebobisaTvis. ase rom, RmerTsa da adamians
Soris gadaulaxavi ufskruli gaCnda;
adamma da evam da maTma STamomavlebma
dakarges suliwmidis madli, riTac

16

uwmindesisa da unetaresis,
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis,
mcxeTa-Tbilisis mTavarepiskoposis da
biWvinTisa da cxum-afxazeTis mitropolitis
ilia II-is

cfij,fj tgbcnjkt

SemoqmedTan kavSiri xorcieldeboda
da rac RmerTTan maTi msgavsebis ganmapirobebeli umTavresi faqtori iyo;
am madls moklebulni, moakldnen swor
azrovnebasa da qmedebasac. codvas codva
SesZines da sakuTar Tavs maradiuli
sikvdili ganumzades.

am realobis Secvlis SesaZlebloba
ki aRar arsebobda, radgan kacTa xsna
mxolod iseT adamians SeeZlo, romelic ucodveli iyo da xelewifeboda
sxvaTa simZime etvirTa. aseTi ki, amqveynad ar ipoveboda, radgan pirvelqmnili
codva yvelas memkvidreobiT gadaece-

moda da amas kidev calkeuli adamianis piradi codvebic emateboda. yovelive xilulisa da uxilavis Semoqmedma da ganmgebelma cani modrikna, adamianuri buneba miiRo da Cveni xsnisaTvis daviTis qalaqSi, beTlemSi, iSva.
aq, bagaSi, sicivesa da simwireSi
daibada axali adami, - ieso, raTa ampartavnebiT dacemuli Zveli adamis codva
gamoesyida, marTalTa sulebi jojoxeTidan exsna da RmerTTan kavSiri aRedgina. ai, es aris Cveni didi sixarulis mizezi, saTave eniT gamouTqmeli
bednierebisa.
sxva ra unda SevadaroT am dRis
sidiades?!
rogor xorcieldeba pirvelqmnil
harmoniasTan Cveni dabruneba?
pirvel rigSi qristianuli naTlisRebiT. ,,beWedi moniWebul ars sulisa mier wmidisa, amin!” - ambobs saidumlos aRsrulebisas moZRvari da
Svidjer scxebs mirons mas, vinc inaTleba, riTac adamians eniWeba suliwmindis madli da eZleva ganRmrTobisa
da netari maradiulobis damkvidrebis
SesaZlebloba. am miuwvdomeli wyalobis gamo wminda mamebi, daviT winaswarmetyvelis msgavsad, saukuneTa manZilze
gulwrfelad gaocebulni kiTxulobdnen: `rai ars kaci, rameTu moixsene
misi, anu Ze kacisai, rameTu moxedav
mas?~ (fs. 8:4).
Cveni xsnisaTvis macxovris Tavganwirva, udides pasuxismgeblobas gvakisrebs da am epistoleSi swored aRniSnul grZnobaze minda gansakuTrebiT
gavamaxvilo yuradReba. es Tviseba adamianSi asakTan erTad viTardeba; amasTan,
ramdenadac maRal sulier safexurze
imyofeba esa Tu is pirovneba, miT metad
aris masSi es gancda. pavle mociquli ambobs: `rodesac viyavi yrma, vityodi,
rogorc yrma, vfiqrobdi, rogorc yrma,
vmsjelobdi, rogorc yrma; xolo rodesac davkacdi, zurgi vaqcie yovelive yrmobis droindels (I kor. 13:11).
Cvenc gvmarTebs yrmobidan gamosvla
anu sulieri gazrda da gacnobiereba
Cveni pasuxismgeblobisa upirveles yovlisa Semomqmedis - uflis, samSoblos
da moyvasis winaSe; pasuxismgeblobisa rogorc cocxlebis, ise gardacvlilebis mimarT, rac gulisxmobs Cvens
valdebulebebs mSoblebTan, ojaxTan, megobrebTan, naTesavebTan, mezoblebTan mimarTebaSi, aseve samsaxurebriv pasuxismgeblobas.
Cveni winaprebi TavianT Svilebs
bavSvobidan uRvivebdnen am grZnobas.
amitomac iyo Cveni eri Zlieri. miu-

xedavad ganuwyveteli omebisa, igi ibrZoda kidec da amasTan, dauRalavad
Sromobda da qmnida. rwmenisa da mamulis dasacavad saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi qudze kaci gamodioda.
saerTod ki ojaxSi, sofelsa Tu
TemSi yvelas Tavisi pasuxismgebloba
hqonda: mefe zrunavda mTels erze, Tavad-aznauroba patronobda da xmliT
icavda Tavis teritoriaze mcxovrebT;
eklesia anaTlebda da sulierad amtkicebda erssamwysos; glexebi qmnidnen
dovlaTs; yvelani erTad ki Seadgendnen
Cveni qveynis erTian, mTlian cocxal
organizms, sadac TiToeuli Tavisi SesaZleblobis farglebSi emsaxureboda
RmerTs da qveyanas. romelime maTganis
daZabuneba iwvevda yvelas dasustebas,
radgan arcerTi maTganis funqcia ar
iyo umniSvnelo; Tumca rac ufro maRali iyo wodeba da Tanamdeboba, miT
meti iyo pasuxismgeblobac. es ki xSirad sicocxlis gawirvas moiTxovda.
zogjer mefis an sasuliero piris
Tavdadeba iyo sakmarisi, mag. wm. demetre
Tavdadebuli, wm. evdemoz kaTolikosi,
zogjer ki mTeli eris, - mag. 100000
mowamis. Tavisufleba da pasuxismgebloba urTierTdakavSirebuli cnebebia.
vinc Tavisuflebas kargavs, monur mdgomareobaSi vardeba da pasuxismgeblobis
gancdac uqveiTdeba. gavixsenoT, ra moxda damoukideblobis dakargvis Semdeg
saqarTveloSi: mTeli es harmoniuli
sistema moiSala, mefis xelisufleba
da eklesiis damoukidebloba gauqmda,
Zalaufleba ucxo Zalis xelSi gadavida, ris Sedegadac Tavadaznauroba
ugulo batonad iqca, yovelive es ki
mTeli simwvaviT glexkacobaze aisaxa.
qarTvelma kacma misTvis damaxasiaTebeli cxovrebis wesi Zirfesvianad Secvala. saqveyno sazrunavis adgili piradulma daikava. samSobloze fiqris
nacvlad misi goneba mxolod sakuTar
kar-midamosa da ojaxze zrunvam moicva.
didma iliam es problema cnobili leqsiT, `bednieri eri~ naTlad dagvanaxa.
eris upasuxismgeblo mdgomareobam
migviyvana iqamde, rom 1918 wels wminda
ilia marTlis erovnuli gzis nacvlad
xalxma ucxo qveynis aTeisturi partia
airCia. Semdeg ki kidev ufro samwuxaro Sedegmac ar daayovna da mokle
xanSi qveyana komunisturi imperiis
nawili gaxda. ufali, marTalia, samarTliania, magram, amave dros mowyalec,
romelic ara codvaTa CvenTaebr mogvagebs, aramed Cveni gamosworebisaTvis
gvwvrTnis imis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu
ramdenis datevna SegviZlia. amitomac

ra mdgomareobaSic ar unda viyoT, gacilebiT ukeTesad varT, vidre vimsaxurebT da mravalWirgamovlili wm. ioane
oqropiris msgavsad mudam madlobas
unda vwiravdeT RmerTs yvelafrisaTvis. da Tu gvsurs, mdgomareobis gamosworeba, unda vitvirToT Cveni wili
pasuxismgebloba da uflis wyaloba
amiT movipovoT. es aris yvelaze mTavari. CveniT ki verafers gavxdebiT. mxolod sakuTar SesaZleblobebze dayrdnoba damRupveli iyo da iqneba yovelTvis. samwuxarod, TviToeul Cvengans
dResac gvaklia pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba. Cven gulgrili qristianebi varT,
nel-Tbilni, da amitomac did Secdomebs vuSvebT. CvenSi mZlavrobs egoisturi zraxvebi da `mes~ princi pi, rac
WeSmarit RirebulebaTa damangrevelia.
Cveni sulieri sisustis gamovlinebaa
Tundac is, rom dResaswaulebs faqtobrivad miwieri grZnobebiT vegebebiT
da realuri gancda cocxal RmerTTan
urTierTobisa, ara gvaqvs.
rom Cvens garSemo vamCnevT mxolod
im adamianebs, romlebic gviyvars an
gvZuls, sxva ubralo adamianebi ki yuradRebis miRma gvrCeba. RvTis winaSe
ki didi da mcire ar arsebobs.
rom codva aRar gvawuxebs da misi
simZimis gancdac aRar gvaqvs.
rom TiTqmis gawyvetili gvaqvs kavSiri bunebasTan, misdami mxolod momxmareblur damokidebulebas viCenT da
Cveni upasuxismgeblo qceviT vanadgurebT mis sikeTeT. Cveni danaSaulia
isic, rom rom kargad ar vicnobT
Cvens warsuls, Cvens istorias; arada
misi codna gvexmareba, rom ar movwydeT
Cvens fesvebs, sakuTari Tavi SevicnoT
da sicocxlis azric naTlad gavacnobieroT.
araerTxel miTqvams isic, rom dRes
informaciuli omis Jami dgas, kalmiT
anu sityviT brZolis dro. masTan SeWideba ki gonierma, mcodne da amasTan
RvTismoyvare adamianebma unda itvirTon. unda SevZloT, yalbi idealebis
batonobis Cvens xanaSi gavxdeT sulierad ufro mtkiceni da Zlierni, raTa
gavimarjvoT. gansakuTrebiT minda mivmarTo axalgazrdebs da vTxovo: gauZeliT informaciul Semotevas, romelic niaRvariviT moedineba masmediidan da cdilobs, cru Rirebulebebis
gavlenis qveS mogaqcioT, ar gaxdeT
Tanaziarni fsevdokulturisa, romelic
amaxinjebs fsiqikas, auxeSebs grZnobebs da acarielebs Sinagan samyaros.
SeiyvareT wigni, iswavleT Rrma azrovneba, iswavleT RmerTis SiSi da siyva-

17

ruli, rom RvTismSoblis wilxvedri
qveyanis erTguli mecixovneni gaxdeT.
dro mcire gvaqvs da ar unda aRmovCndeT im xuTi qalwulis mdgomareobaSi, romelTa kandelsac uflis mosvlisas sakmarisi zeTi ar aRmoaCnda
da miuxedavad imisa, rom iyvnen morwmuneni da uflis momlodineni, ver Sevidnen RvTis saufloSi. borotis gavlenisagan Tavis daRweva did Zalisxmevas
moiTxovs da es mxolod Zlier pirovnebebs SeuZliaT, anu maT, romelnic sakuTar nebas gaazrebulad umorCileben
RvTis nebas da amqveyniur sacdurTa
winaaRmdeg brZolas ar uSindebian.
yoveli qristiani upirveles yovlisa swored aseTi pirovneba unda iyos,
- WeSmaritad Tavisufali da sulierad Zlieri, raTa ers xerxemlad eqces.
aseTi adamianebis aRzrdis saqmeSi eklesias didi roli akisria. saerTod, eklesia xels uwyobs sazogadoebis ganviTarebas; igi is macxovnebeli wiaRia,
romelic inarCunebs saukeTeso tradiciebs da aqvs ra ucvalebeli rjuli
da moZRvreba, yvela epoqaSi mowmobs
WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb. gavixsenoT Tundac is faqti, rom saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba mxolod me-20 saukunis bolos
miuaxlovda adamianTa Tanasworobis
Sesaxeb RirebulebaTa im standartebs
da faseulobebs, rasac eklesia oci
saukunis win qadagebda.
monaTmflobelobis da feodalizmis
periodSi, Zalmomreobisa da daundoblobis xanaSi, qristes saxareba mouwodebda xalxs Tanasworobisaken. yoveli qristianis cxovreba absoluturad
Tavisufalia da eklesiis wevrobac
mxolod mis Tavisufal nebazea dafuZnebuli. TiToeuli mrevlis wevri mxolod sakuTari sindisiT aris dakavSirebuli moZRvarTan da erT-erTi umTavresi saidumloc sinanulisa mxolod
mis pirad pasuxismgeblobazea damokidebuli, - adamiani damoukideblad wyvets, ras ityvis aRsarebaSi da imasac,
ramdenad iqneba es naTqvami sinanuliT
gajerebuli.
sruli TavisuflebiT momqmedi da,
amave dros, WeSmariti sinanuliT ganmsWvaluli pirovneba iRebs suliwmindis madls, romelic cvlis mis sulier
da yofiT samyaros da mas RvTis saTno
Svilad aqcevs; Sedeg ki ukve igi TviTon
xdeba gzis maCvenebeli sxvaTaTvis; amaze
werda wminda serafime saroveli: moixveWe suliwmidis madli da Sens garSemo aTasebi cxondebiano. TiToeuli
Cvengani valdebulia, moi povos sulis
siRrmeSi damaluli uflisgan boZe-

18

dedamiwis Rirseul moqalaqes,
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarq ilia II-s, vulocavT dabadebidan 80 wlisTavs da vusurvebT
janmrTelobas.
is mwyemsia Tavisi xalxisa, magram,
roca ar mihyvebian maTsave gadasarCenad naTqvam uwmindesis sityvas, TviTonac rCeba xalxTan, raTa maTi bedi gaiziaros, iseve, rogorc es 9
aprils gaakeTa;
gaecaleT quCebs, - Tqva man, xalxTan pirispir mdgomma - gaecaleT,
radgan axla movlen isini, visac
swyuria sakuTari Zlierebis Cveneba. sastikad gagiswordebian, me vici;
Tavi SeafareT qaSueTs, RvTis saxls,
misi galavani ixsnis Tqvens sicocxles, taZari gvWirdeba Cvens grZel
gzasavalze;
magram aTasobiT iq mdgomma daiCoqa, aanTo sanTeli da upasuxa: Cven
gicnobT Sen, gvjera Seni, amitom davrCebiT aq, raTa ar giRalatoT Sen
da sakuTar Tavs, radgan dRes aq gadis Cveni grZeli gzasavali! - da
locvas miecnen masTan erTad;
maSin patriarqma uTxra maT: `Tqven
bavSvebi aRar xarT, (Tumca, bavSvebic
iyvnen maT Soris), Svilno Cemno, me
pativs vcem gadawyvetilebas Tqvensas; yvela ver gadairCens Tavs, magram
gadarCeba suli. me vrCebi TqvenTan,
moaxloebuli gansacdeli saerToa;
da is idga xalxTan, roca ugunurma jarma mSvidobiani, udanaSaulo adamianebis dasja daiwyo, roca
brma, sastikma Zalam umweo sxeulebi mocela, romelTa sulebi cisken
gafrindnen - patriarqi iyo maT Soris, iyo pirveli da Tanaswori, mas
hqonda arCevani, romelic ukuagdo;
da xalxma ganagrZo svla misken,
raTa aRvsiliyo, gaJRenTiliyo misi
sinaTliT, misi rwmeniT, misi sisufTaviT, misi WkuiT... xalxma ganagrZo
masTan axalSeZenili Cvilebis miyvana
da eubneboda mas: mogvinaTle STabuli es saCuqari, valdebulia, aaRorZinos igi, raTa Rirseulad aRasrulos
Tavisi vali am wuTisofelSi da Semdeg
Cvens didebul winaparTa msgavsad zecis
moqalaqeoba moipovos. Soreuli qveynebidan axladSobili ieso qristes Tayvanissacemad midian aRmosavlelni mogvni,
midian mwyemsnic Tavisi gulwrfelobiT,
angelozTa galobis msmenni. maS, wavideT Cvenc, raTa vixiloT bagasa mwoli
iesos didebuleba da aRarasodes gan-

iuri rosti - qarTvelTa
qomagi, rusi Jurnalisti, mwerali, fotoxelovani.
misma foto-obieqtivma Semounaxa Cvens istorias 9 aprilis
Rame. dRes ukve miwisagan aRgvili, damewyrili svanuri sofeli
da mis mkvidrTa sevdiani galerea, bevri cnobili qarTvelis
unikaluri fotoportreti...
weriliT `me qarTveli var~
is saqveynod gaemijna sakuTar
xelisuflebas ruseTidan qarTvelebis deportaciis gamo, erTerTma gakveTa agvistos omiT
gayinuli sivrce...
iuri rosti: `Cemze dokumentur films iReben. SevTavaze,
`Cems~ qalaqebSi CavideT: kievSi,
sadac davibade da bavSvoba gavatare, saocrad axlobel piterSi
da TbilisSi - Cems SeZenil da
jerardakargul samSobloSi, romelTanac dauviwyari dReebi makavSirebs...
vbrundebi TbilisSi kidev
da kidev, rom arasdros davkargo aqauroba, rac ar unda moimoqmedon politikosebma...
qalaqebs adamianebi acocxleben, isini aniWeben mniSvnelobas,
xibls, isini giReben kars. me
40 wlis win gogi xarabaZem
gamiRo Tbilisis kari da misi
TvaliT davinaxe saqarTvelo TavgadasavlebiT, megobrebiTa da
sixaruliT gamTbari...~

momavloba da ar iyo uari aravisTvis; gamravlda taZrebi da eklesiamonastrebi, gamravlda mrevli misi
patriarqobis xanaSi, gamravlda xalxi, romelsac swams RmerTi da endoba
patriarqs - Tavis naTel-mirons, naTesavs, mTeli qveynis sulier mamas!
iuri rosti

vSordeT, radgan saukuno sicocxlis
sityvebi masa aqvs mxolod. (in. 6:68).
`naTeli qristesi gangvanaTlebs yovelTa!~ Cemo suliero Svilebi, Cemo
naTlulebo, yovelno qarTvelno, afxazno, osno, berZenno, rusno, asirielno, iezidno da qurTno, somexno, azerbaijanelno, ukrainelno da udinno... gilocavT Sobis dResaswauls. ufalma moganiWoT mad-li sulisa wmidisa, raTa
ixaroT orsav sofelsa Sina, amin!

didi dakvirveba ar sWirdeba imas,
rom yvela mowesrigebul qveyanaSi yvelaze didi yuradReba mecnierebas, sports da kulturas eTmoba. oRond im
kulturas ara, Cven rom veZaxiT, lagerfeldis zamTris koleqciis `pakazs~
da vinme fotografis gadaRebuli dedas
purebis fotogamofenas, vgulisxmob
im kulturas, ris gagonebazec nacistebi
pistoletis Caxmaxs fexze ayenebdnen.
da arc imas sWirdeba dakvirveba, rom
saqarTveloSi kultura (Tavisi mravalmxrivi gagebiT), sporti da mecniereba, ganadgurebuli Tu ara, Zalian
mZime mdgomareobaSia. es naTlad Cans,
Tundac imaSi, televizorSi, romelsac
dilidan saRamomde varT miSterebuli.
Cven televizorebSi yvelaferzea
laparaki, sul yvelaferze, magram ara
- sportze an mecnierebaze, arc kulturaze. Cemi azriT, amas ori mizezi aqvs,
pirveli: is, rom am sferoebSi gansakuTrebuli marTlac araferi xdeba da
meore: qveyana mZime mdgomareobaSia da
imisTvis, rom es ubedureba naklebad
TvalSisacemi iyos, an, gnebavT, dadebiTi movlenebiT dabalansdes, qarTuli
tele-eTeris ZiriTadi dro imas eTmoba,
Tu rogori mSvenieria cxovreba, rogori magaria saqarTvelo...
Tu sworad maxsovs, bolos omi
2008 wlis agvistoSi movigeT da msoflio ekonomikuri krizisic maSin daiwyo. ara imis gamo, rom Cven omi movigeT, ubralod daiwyo, viRacam raRac
ver gaTvala, an ar gaTvala. magram mere ra, Cven finansuri krizisi ar Segvxebia. SeiZleba dedamiwaze kidev moiZebneba qveyana, romelsac es krizisi ar
Sexebia, magram me ar msmenia. Cveni ekonomika araTu CamoiSala, piriqiT, yvavis.
CvenTan Sendeba da Sendeba, ixsneba da
ixsneba, igeba da igeba.
Cven Zalian didi siCqariT miviwevT
ganviTarebuli qveynebisken, vcdilobT
da vemsgavsebiT maT, rac Zalian kargad
gamogvdis.
viRacebs ar sjeraT, rom baTumi
barselonaa da wyaltubo monte karlo
iqneba. ar sjeraT, rom saqarTvelo msoflio bazrebisTvis mwvanilis mTavari
mimwodebelia. arada, mwvanilis msoflio asociaciis prezidentma Tavad
Tqva amis Sesaxeb maSin, roca oficialuri vizitiT imyofeboda baTumSi,
romelic barselonaa. da arc imisi
sjeraT, rom biznesmenebi sakuTari nebiT
yiduloben tonobiT yurZens, rom Semdeg
bulbulis cremlebi Camoasxan da korporatiul qselSi axali wlis dReebSi gaavrcelon.

daunaxavebs arc imis sjeraT, rom
prezidenti samTavrobo sxdomis Casatareblad iseT adgils ver poulobs,
ukan, fonad, xaraCoze Semomdgari muSa
uros rom ar ukakunebdes. qveyana Sendeba, yvelgan raRacas akeTeben, da aba, ra
qnas prezidentma, sadme xom unda Caataros es sxdoma?! magram ara, Tu adamians ramis danaxva ar unda, verc daanaxeb. umadurebi.
isev iseTebs ar sjeraT, rom yvelas
ar gvismenen. da kai, vTqvaT, davuSvaT
yvelas gvismenen, ggoniaT, daijereben

qveyanaSio.
albaT, gaxsovT, erT dros Cven demokratiis Suqura viyaviT. dResac eg varT
- demokratiis isev Suqura. magram gana amaT daajereb, rom es Cveni brali
ar aris? Cven ra SuaSi varT, Tu garSemo isev iseTi ukuneTia, rogoric
adre iyo, araferi Secvlila da ver
xvdebian, rom Soridan, evropidan da
amerikidan am ukuneT sibneleSi erT naTel wertils isev Suqurad aRiqvamen.
ram dagabrmavaT adamianebo, ratom
xarT aseTi ugunurebi, ratom Tvals

feletoni

eseni, rom Cvenive usafrTxoebisTvis
irjeba amdeni miyuradebuli adamiani?
Tqvenc ar momikvdeT.
arian intriganebi, romlebic ar ijereben, rom saqarTveloSi gaxsnili qarxana-fabrikebi msoflioSi saukeTesoa,
romlis analogic dedamiwaze ar arsebobs. an is ra aris, mitings mitingze rom awyoben, - sityvis Tavisufleba, sityvis Tavisuflebao. RmerTo ki
momkali, sad aris iseTi sityvis Tavisufleba, rogoric CvenTan?! magram rad
ginda, umadurebs ra dalevs qveyanaze.
CvenTan sityvis iseTi Tavisuflebaa,
adamianebi (da Jurnalistebic) TviTon
izRudaven am RvTisgan boZebul Tavisuflebas, imisTvis, rom misi mniSvnelobis fasi yovelTvis icodnen. Cemi Tu
ara, prezidentis mainc daijereT, Tqve
dalocvilebo, qarTvelebi ar xarT?
kaci ambobs, - milioni damoukidebeli televiziaa da trilioni damoukidebeli Jurnal-gazeTi gamodis Cven

ar axelT da realobas ar usworebT.
ratom ayolilxarT Worebs, romelic
quCaSi gesmiT, megobrisgan da naTesavisgan? es xom Worebia! ratom ar CarTavT televizors, romelime arxze,
sadac cxovrebac mSvenieria da vaSlebic samoTxis? ratom ar gadarTavT
im arxze, sadac simarTlis dro mxolod maTTvis dgeba, visic arc simarTle gainteresebT da arc - tyuili.
an im arxs mainc uyureT, romlis oficialuri misamarTic sadRac karibis
zRvis auzSia, Tu sadRac wynar okeaneSi, iq, sadac amelia erharti daikarga.
gadarTeT am romelime arxze da
darwmundebiT, rom yvelaferi is, rac
giTxariT, simarTlea da, miuxedavad
imisa, rom am arxebze TiTqmis araferia arc mecnierebaze, arc kulturaze
da arc sportze, Tu moindomebT, aucileblad darwmundebiT, rom cxovreba
marTlac mSvenieria, gansakuTrebiT ki
- saqarTveloSi.

19

ase daiwyo erTi gazeTis asaval-dasavali
aRarc maxsovs, rodis gaxda es rituali Cems marad tradiciad - ai,
iseTad, diliT yavis daleva rom aris,
an saxlidan gasvlisas qoCoris gadavarcxna.
orSabaTi `asaval-dasavalis~ dRea da Tavad rom ar
vgegmav, uneburad dgeba dRis
grafikSi misi gadafurcvlis
saaTebi.
15-iode wlis win, emigraciaSi wamosvlisas, Cveni qveyana ucxo rom iyo internetablabudisaTvis da arc telegadacemebi iyo xelmisawvdomi,
Cemi samSoblos asaval-dasavals ojaxis mier qarTul tyemalTan erTad gamogzavnili
erTi gazeTiT vecnobodi.
striqonebs Soris vlamobdi gamego, Tu ra amindi iyo
Cems mamulSi, aTovda Tbiliss?
iqneb gazeTis furclebs qarTuli gazafxulis surneli
Semoenaxa aTasi sahaero kilometris gamovlis Semdeg...
samSoblodan Sors unda
waxvide, misi fasi ukeT rom
SeigrZno da dainaxav rom adrindel da axla naTqvam-warmoTqmul samSoblos sadRegrZeloebSi erTi didi gansxvavebaa - tki-vi-li!
am tkivils ki salbuni sWirdeba, Tundac is, rom Sens nacvlad
Seni samSoblos sadarajoze, erovnulis
dasacavad, viRac ibrZvis, ilaSqrebs, maSin
- roca Seuracxyofen qarTlis dedas;
- giCxapnian rusTvelis freskas Sin da gareT;

- scenaze isvrian samziTvo wigns,
antiatyaosneben;
- burusiT malaven pirveli prezi-

dentis sikvdils;
- dedaqalaqis mTavar gamzirze Sens
das da dedas cxraaprils uTeneben
noemberSi;
- roca pirtitvela Svils giklaven
samarTaldamcavebi;

- ofliT Seqmnils garTmeven...
da am dros Sen Cems saTqmels ambob
vaJkacurad: `ehe, emand samSoblosTan,
araferi SegeSalos!~
da isini, visac eSlebaT, geZaxian `qsenofobiurs~, `viTom~
ar gkiTxuloben da agvistos
xvatSi gtoveben usaxlkarod;
karSi, wvimasTan WidilisTvis,
giyrian wlebiT rudunebiT Seqmnil unikalur arqivs, Seucvlel xelnawerebs; Ramis jalaT-barbarosebi fexqveS Telaven irakli abaSiZis, konstantines, muxranis, SoTa niSnianiZis
da sxvaTa pirad werilebs Tu
avtografiul wignebs... da Sen
guli gtkiva, Cemo laSa nadareiSvilo, TxemiT terfamde qarTvelo, romelic laxvarCacemuli, gaxleCili guliT, nainfarqtali ar epuebi Sidadampyrobels da uwyvetad, savele mdgomareobaSi gamoscem gazeTs.
da roca Sens qveyanaSi auSenebel Teatrebs xsnian, raRac
revoluciis wlisTavebs aRniSnaven, Sen Cumada xar 10 wlis,
15 wlis, 20 wlis, 21 wlis
dReobebze, qveyanas rom ar ezeimeba, mitom!
me bevri ram maxsovs - 1992
wlis 3 mirkanis is dRec, xelSi axladayvanilma wakiTxvisTanave dawva rom gvTxove da TiTqmis
aTi wlis manZilze uangaro Zmobac emigraciaSi gamomaval gazeT `mamulTan~.
da amis daviwyeba ar iqneba!
manuCar kaWaxiZe
- `mamulis~ saxeliT

Cveni Jurnalis megobaria eqimi - merab boTeraSvili
msxvili varikozuli venebis mkurnalobis
uaxloesi da yvelaze Sedegiani meTodi
tkivilis gareSe!
nawiburebis gareSe!
narkozis gareSe!

lazeriT
2177 65th st.
Brooklyn, NY 11204
1-718-238-1555

20

eqim

merab boTeris

operaciamde
Semdeg

albrext diureri (1471-1528) - `apokalifsisi~

21

`iluz
ion
i~
`iluzion
ioni~

`niurnbergis
™

oTar sefiaSvili,

procesi~

eTerSi gavida 1984w. 21 aprils

saqarTvelos xelovnebis
damsaxurebuli moRvawe

`Cven aq imisTvis vimyofebiT, rom
davicvaT yoveli pirovnebis adamianuri Rirseba, simarTle, samarTlianoba
da sulieri faseuloba“, - ambobs Cveni
`iluzionis“ dRevandel gadacemaSi warmodgenili filmis mTavari gmiri, amerikeli mosamarTle heivudi. da am
sityvebiT ixateba rogorc Tavad filmis arsi da mrwamsi, ise misi avtoris,
scenaristisa da damdgmeli reJisoris
msoflgancda, rwmena, moqalaqeobrivi
princi pi.
films hqvia `niurnbergis procesi“,
reJisors - sTenli qrameri.
filmSi asaxuli movlenebi TariRdeba meore msoflio omis Semdgomi
1948-1949 wlebiT;
moqmedeba viTardeba omSi dabombviT
dalewil da iavarqmnil, didostat
diureris mSobliur, Zveli bavariis
qalaq niurnbergSi...
albaT, gamiZneldeboda cnobil amerikel kinoreJisorebSi - Tundac yvelaze niWier da xeldajerebuli ostatobiT sayovelTaod aRiarebulTa Soris, - iseTi xelovanis dasaxeleba,
romlis naxelqmnaric ase uxvad da
droulad Semosuliyo sabWoeTis kinoekranebze, rogorc sTenli qrameris
filmebi. amgvar viTarebaSi zogi mkvlevari faqtis idumali qveteqstebis mignebasa da amoxsnas cdilobs. me ki
mgonia, rom araviTari qveteqstebi, metadre - `idumali“, sTenli qrameris
filmebs ar gaaCniaT. isini, - maT Soris
grandiozuli, samsaaTiani `niurnbergis
procesic“, - formiT ubralo da azriT
naTeli nawarmoebebia. am suraTebis
Sinagani feTqebadi Zala ki, umTavresad,
maTSive wamoWril problemebSia, romlebic mudam aqtualurad exmianeba drois
tkivilebs da sasicocxlod mniSvnelovania mTlianad sazogadoebisaTvis
da TiToeuli adamianisaTvisac. sTenli
qrameri mizandasaxulad mieltvis maRali, STagonebuli ubraloebis miRwevas,
raTa filmi advilad gasagebi da Casawvdomi iyos yoveli mayureblisaTvis.
da aq vixseneb SesaniSnavi amerikeli msaxiobis, araCveulebrivad STambeWdavi sfenser Tresis sityvebs - sTen-

22

kabadonebSi

li qrameris gamo: `es is kacia, romelic mets akeTebs da ufro Seupovaricaa, vidre vinme sxva amerikul kinoSi. igi medgari da mamacia da iqceva
Tavisi mrwamsis Tanaxmad, maSin roca
dRevandelobaSi ase iSviaTi Tvisebaa
simamace, mrwamsi ki - miT ufro didi
iSviaTobaa“.
Cemi profesiis wyalobiT, araerTgzis Sevxvedrivar am simpaTiur da
xiblian pirovnebas, metadre - moskovis saerTaSoriso kinofestivalebze,
davswrebivar mis fiqrian, mtkice, polemikur da emociur gamosvlebs preskonferenciebze. da axla, Tqveni nebarTviT
gagacnobT zogierT mis maSindel gamonaTqvams, romlebic Camiweria da, sabednierod, SemomrCenia Cems imdroindel
`Jurnalistis wignakSi“.
sTenli qrameri ambobda: `me vcdilob Sevqmna ubralo da imavdroulad
gulSi-Camwvdomi suraTebi. me mogiTxrobT imaze, rasac vgrZnob, ganvicdi
da risac mjera. da minda, rom Cemi monaTxrobi saintereso da saWiro iyos
adamianebisaTvis. zogjer kidevac vaxerxeb amas... mTavaria - hyvebode Sens
simarTles, vici - es Cemi simarTlea,
igi erTaderTi simarTlea CemTvis, sxvas
me ar vicnob, da me mogiTxrobT mas,
radgan mjera misi...“
da sTenli qrameri naTlad da zustad, yovelgvari orazrovnebisa da mikibv-mokibvis gareSe, Seupovrad asa-

xelebs Tavisi mamxilebeli filmebis
samizneebs: rasizms, politikur demagogias, faSizms, Seuwynareblobas da sixarbis fsiqozs, atomur oms... da Temebi
misi iseTi filmebisa, rogoricaa `ukanasknel napirze“, `gadajaWvulni“, `qariSxals moimki“, `niurnbergis procesi“, `es aris SeSlili, SeSlili, SeSlili msoflio“ an `briyvTa xomaldi“
martoden amerikelebisaTvis ki ar aris
aqtualuri da Zalze sagulisxmo, aramed maTSi wamoWrilia mravali qveynis
mayurebelTaTvis saWirboroto mniSvnelovani sakiTxebi. swored es aqcevs
qrameris filmebs Tanadrouli kinematografis sagulisxmo movlenebad.
* * *
filmi, romelic pirvelad vnaxe
sTenli qrameris naxelqmnarTagan, iyo
`ukanasknel napirze“. pirveli gaocebac
misi xelweriT maSin ganvicade, films
win uZRoda e.w. `avtoriseuli winaTqma“. ekranze iwereboda: `me mqvia sTenli
qrameri, me var prodiuseri da reJisori im filmisa, romelsac axla ixilavT“. da Semdeg marTla SesaSuri
simWidroviT, gadmoscemda, Tu ratom
da risTvis gadaiRo es suraTi. ar
vici, ramdenad originaluri an aucilebeli iyo es `winaTqma~, magram is
ki udavoa, rom masSi mTeli sisruliT
warmogvidgeboda namdvili amerikeli
- qrameri, misi adamianuri da xelovanSemoqmedis fsiqologiiT.
da rakiRa suraTi `ukanasknel napirze“ Cveni qveynis sajaro kinoekranebze
ar gamosula, axla retrospeqtiulad
- filmidan fotokadrebis fonze gaxmianebiT - gagacnobT amonarids Cemi wignidan `omi ekranze“, romelic 1975 wels
gamoica.
* * *
` ...filmSi `ukanasknel napirze“
aris epizodi: samyaros aRsasrulisa
Tu gankiTxvis dRis ZrwoliT Sepyrobil adamianebs, ukanaskneli wirvis ukanasknel mrevls, pastori qadagebiT mimarTavs. wirvas ki ara, pirquS mitings
ufro hgavs igi, qalaqis moedanze gamarTuls. mlocvelTa miRma kedelze ikiTxeba plakati: `Zmebo, vidre ar aris
gvian!“
ra aris es - ZeSecTomilTa eklesiisaken moqcevisaTvis mowodebaa Tu
gafrTxilebaa samomavlod?

amas mivxvdebiT bolos, roca suraTis finalSi kvlav vixilavT amave
plakats...
filmi ekranze gamovida 1959-Si.
is iyo lRobas iwyebda `atomuri omis
fsiqozisa~ da „civi omis~ yinuli.
suraTi saocrad Seesatyviseboda momentis suliskveTebas. SemTxveviTi ar
aris, rom misi premiera erTdroulad
Sedga msoflios Tvrameti qveynis dedaqalaqSi, maT Soris - moskovSi. maxsovs,
Tbili dekemberi idga, raRac bednieri
SemTxvevis gamo, im momentSi moskovSi
aRmovCndi da kolegebis xelSewyobiT
swored maSin vnaxe „ukanasknel napirze~. gamaognebel STabeWdilebas axdenda
igi. amas sagangebod imisTvis aRvniSnav,
rom aTi wlis Semdegac momixda am
filmis naxva da ise aRar avuRelvebivar. sTenli qrameris arc erTi nawarmoebi ar „daberebula~ ase swrafad.
magram misi arc sxva romelime filmi
gamoxmaurebia aseTi publicisturi
mgznebarebiT drois satkivars.
suraTs safuZvlad daedo avstralieli mwerlis nevil Siutis imxanad
msoflioSi gaxmaurebuli romani. wignSic da filmSic gamJRavnebuli iyo
Tanadrouli qveynierebis, `samyaros aRsasrulis~ apokali psuri xilvebi.
istoriam icis iseTi periodebi,
roca TviT eklesiis wminda mamebic
ki Tavs aridebdnen saxarebis kanonikur teqstSi oaneseuli Savbneli da
mrisxane „xilvebis~ Setanas. magram
cnobilia iseTi wlebi Tu saukuneebic - istoriis krizisuli, sazogadoebrivi formaciebis daRupvis epoqebi,
roca apokali psisis „winaswarmetyvelebani~ mTeli ZaliT xmianobda. momakvdavi klasebis yvelaze „mgrZnobiare~
ideologebi TavianT daRupvas samyaros
aRsasruls uTanabrebdnen.
Cvens saukeneSic ramdenjer mouwonebiaT Tavi egzistencialistebs samyaros xvalindeli „gankiTxvis dRis
SegrZnebiT~. meore msoflio omis Semdgom wlebSic, burJuaziuli ideologebi araerTxel damuqrebian kacobriobas momavali „atomuri katastrofis~
apokalipsuri warmosaxviT. Tavis droze ruseTidan gaZevebul filosofoss
- berdiaevs TviT ainStainis TeoriaSic ki „apokali psuri xilvebi~ elandeboda; Tanadrouli socialuri pesimizmis erT-erTma Rrma mkvlevarma f.
bauerma Tavis wigns „XX saukunis
apokaliptika~ uwoda; frangi ideologi andre malro iuneskos krebaze xmamaRla acxadebda - mravali saukunis
Semdeg kacobrioba kvlav Sepyrobilia

`ukanaskneli
napiri`

`ukanaskneli napiri~

`ukanaskneli
napiri~

23

`kadrebi
`niurnbergis
procesidan~

24

samyaros aRsasrulis ideiTo.
nevil Siutis romanic xarks uxdida „civi omiT~ gamowveul pesimistur
ganwyobilebebs, da Tumca filmi „ukanasknel napirze~ erTgulad mihyveboda
literaturuli Tavwyaros siuJetur
svlebs, igi wigniseuli sulieri dacemulobisagan ganwmendili aRmoCnda.
suraTs 1959 wlidan gadavyavdiT
1964-Si. am droisaTvis ukve momxdaria
msoflio Termoatomuri katastrofa,
yvela kontinentsa da kunZulze mospobilia sicocxle. gadarCenilia mxolod avstralia. swored mas, am „ukanasknel napirs~ miaSurebs amerikuli wyalqveSa navi, romelic katastrofis
momentSi Zalze Rrmad imyofeboda okeaneSi da amiT gadarCa.
magram avstraliac sasikvdilod
ganwirulia. swavlulebs gamouTvliaT:
radiaqtiuri Rrublebi samxreTisaken
daZrulan da xuT TveSi CaaRweven sicocxlis am ukanasknel keramde. Tu
es moxda, moispoba kacis saxsenebeli
da yoveli sulmdgmuli dedamiwaze.
profesori jordani gamoTqvams varauds - SesaZloa CrdiloeT naxevarsferoSi wvimebma, an sxva meteorologiurma procesebma miwas gaakran radiaqtiuri nivTierebani da ulmobelma sikvdilma avstraliamde veRar miaRwioso.
hipoTezis Sesamowmeblad dedamiwis
mkvdar naxevarsferoSi agzavnian wyalqveSa navs kapitan touersis meTaurobiT (romlis rolsac SesaniSnavad asrulebs gregori peki). eqspedicias sxva
davalebac aqvs - gaarkvios wyaro auxsneli radiosignalebisa, romelic mkvdari kontinentidan ismis... da ai, wyalqveSa navis periskopi Cndeba arqtikul
yinulTa Soris. radiaciuli mowamvlis gazomvaTa Sedegebi unugeSoa - profesor jordanis imedi ar dasturdeba.
navi Sedis CrdiloeT amerikis erTerT qalaqSi, saidanac moedineba usistemo radiosignalebi. irkveva, rom telegrafis aparatis saxelurs wamosdebia farda da qaris dabervisas amoZravebda mas. ueWvelia - CrdiloeT naxevarsferoSi cocxali adamiani ar darCenila. damwuxrebuli eqspedicia brundeba avstraliaSi.
garduvali daRupvis gancda dauflebia samxreTis kontinents. specialuri siebis mixedviT arigeben abebs,
romelsac jer Rrma ZilSi, xolo Semdeg sikvdilSi gadahyavs adamiani.
filmSi ramdenime siuJeturi xazi
viTardeba. erT-erTia kapitan touersisa da axalgazrda avstralieli qalis moira devidsonis siyvaruli, ro-

melsac „Jamianobisas Rreobis~ ieri
ufro dahkavs. am rolebSi gregori
pekisa da ava gardneris dueti saocar gaorebul ganwyobilebas qmnida...
meore siuJeturi xazi ukavSirdeba fizikis profesor julian osborns,
romlis rolsac brwyinvaled asrulebs
erT dros Zalze popularuli mocekvave fred asTori. swored am odnav
daRlili, cxovrebisadmi Taviseburad
cinikuri damokidebulebis, magram gamWriaxi gonebis gmiris iersaxeSi amJRavneben filmis avtorebi TavianT koncefcias. rodesac osborns ekiTxebian
- mainc vin aris damnaSave katastrofaSio, profesori orWofobis gareSe upasuxebs: „SesaZloa viRac CerCets radiolokatoris ekranze raRac moelanda,
Rilaks TiTi daaWira da Termoatomuri
raketebis sapasuxo dartyma gamoiwvia.
konkretuli damnaSavis dasaxeleba Znelia. damnaSavea gamalebuli SeiaraReba~.
mxatvruli efeqtis gasaZliereblad reJisori mimarTavs Txrobis xazgasmulad realistur maneras. igi ar
gviCvenebs arc iavarqmnil qalaqebs, arc
gvamebs, arc momakvdavi adamianebis fiziologiuri tanjvis suraTebs. arc simbolikas eZaleba. mxolod erT - saavtomobilo srbolis epizodSi ixateba simbolurad suraTis azri: gajibrebuli avtomobilebi garbian warmoudgeneli siswrafiT, erTmaneTs ejaxebian, ilewebian, cecxli edebaT; TiTqos
raRac fatalurma dariao xeli sportsmenebs, garduvali sikvdilisaken mieqanebian... epizodis simbolika gamWvirvalea - msoflio gamalebuli SeiaraRebis
Sedegad katastrofisaken mieqaneba.
suraTis finalSi wyalqveSa navi
tovebs avstraliis napirs, „mezRvaurebi okeaneSi iRupebian...~
aRsrulda yovelive. sicocxle moisra ukanasknel kontinentzec. qalaqis
ukacriel moedanze qari afarfatebs
nacnob plakats - „Zmebo, vidre ar
aris gvian!“ es mowodeba Tu gafrTxileba ukve momarTulia Cvenken, mayureblisaken, vinc filmi vnaxeT“.
* * *
„niurnbergis procesi~ (dedanSi suraTs hqvia „sasamarTlo niurnbergSi~)
gadaRebulia 1961-Si. igi imave wels
gamovida amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis kinoekranebze, xolo mTavari premiera suraTisa Sedga berlinSi, rasac
daJinebiT moiTxovda Tavad reJisori.
- ratom?
films safuZvlad udevs istoriuli faqti, romlis mimarTac im droisaTvis mayurebels jerac ar gagri-

lebia guli. omisSemdgom niurnbergSi,
saerTaSoriso tribunalze mTavari faSisti damnaSaveebis gasamarTlebisa da
sikvdiliT dasjis Semdeg. 1948-49
wlebSi Sedga e.w. „mcire~ sasamarTloebi anu „mcire procesebi~. asamarTlebdnen hitlerel samxedro pirebs, gestaposa da ss-is xelmZRvanelebs, sakoncentracio banakebis komendantebs, eqimebs,
mrewvelebs, iuristebs...
Tavisi arsiT, es procesebi iyo
germaniaSi nacisturi reJimis mier
Seqmnili mTeli saxelmwifoebrivi da
ideologiuri sistemis gasamarTleba.
filmi „niurnbergis procesi~ ki eZRvneba am e.w. „mcire procesebidan~ yvelaze rTulsa da yvelaze Znels - nacist
iuristebis, faqtobrivad ki, faSisturi
kanibaluri „marTlmsajulebis~ gasamarTlebas.
am, garegnulad paradoqsulsa da
Sinaganad uaRresad mZafr viTarebaSi,
filmis avtorebma - dramaturgma ebi
manma da reJisorma sTenli qramerma
dainaxes Tanadroulobis erT-erTi mtkivneuli problema. suraTi Rrmad ikvlevs faSizmis bunebas, mis fsiqologias da Segvaxsenebs, rom faSizmi - es
kacTmoZule moZRvreba da reJimi ara martoden Zalmomreoba, sisxlisRvra
da yvela adamianuri uflebis fexqveS
gaTelvaa, aramed udidesi sicruecaa,
romelic wamlavs adamianTa gonebas,
ayalbebs yvela sulier faseulobas,
TviT iseT cnebebsac ki, rogoricaa
patriotuli movaleoba, kanoni, marTmsajuleba; rom faSizmi umal iq ibartyebs, sadac adamiani iwyebs sakuTari
Tavis motyuebas im azriT, TiTqos mizani amarTlebs yovelgvar saSualebas.
da maxsendeba sityvebi - mweral
lion foihtvangeris roman „openhaimis ojaxidan~ - erTi personaJi rom
ambobs faSistebze: „maT mospes civilizaciis xelqmnili zRvari yovlisa~...
yovelgvari zRvaris mospobiTa da
waSliT amarTlebda faSizmi Tavis arnaxul sisastikiT Tavdasxmas Tanadroul moralsa da adamianis uflebebze.
yvela imas, rac kacobriobam borotmoqmedebad da danaSaulad aRiara, mesame
raixSi saTnoebas da keTilmyofelobas
uwodebdnen; ukanonoba gamocxadebuli
iyo samarTalaRsrulebad, xolo sisastike da Rirseulis uRirsad agdeba - „mamacTa da gulmedgarTa~ TavSeqcevad...
da filmSi bunebrivad da STambeWdavad wina planze iwevs xati „yovlis
zRvarisa~: adamiani - ubralo, Cveulebrivi adamiani. suraTSi ukompromisod
ejaxeba erTmaneTs Seurigebeli, erTi-

meoris gamomricxveli mosazrebani da
Sexedulebebi - mrwamsi adamiansa da
adamianurobaze.
* * *
reJisoruli naxati ki filmisa,
Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, asketuri gveCveneba, TiTqos dageSiT ubraloa, magram
ara martivi. TumcaRa, Tavad sTenli
qrameri xom lamis yovel interviuSi
aRniSnavda: „Cems filmebSi mTavaria
siuJeti da Sinaarsi: mudam miviswrafvi
didi socialuri problemebis - rasizmis, atomuri omis, pirovnebis Tavisuflebis, eris moraluri saxis, sakuTari
moqmedebis gamo adamianTa pasuxismgeblobis - wamoWrisa da ganxilvisaken.
gansakuTrebuli gulisyuriT vekidebi
ideas, Temas, siuJets, - imas, riTac
filmi miitacebs mayureblis Tvalsa
da gonebas, gamoiwvevs masSi TanagrZnobas,
emociebs, gulispasuxs. amitomaa, rom
„niurnbergis process~ safuZvlad
udevs ara faSist samxedro damnaSaveTa gasamarTlebis stenografiuli
Canawerebi da sxva dokumenturi masalebi, aramed suraTi agebulia myar
mxatvrul saZirkvelze.
nawarmoebSi mTeli mxatvrul-azrobriv-emociuri tvirTmZimoba gadatanilia msaxiobebze, maTi personaJebis
mwvave SerkinebiT viTardeba siuJeti,
ikveTeba filmis idea. arc scenaristi,
arc reJisori, arca rolebis Semsruleblebi wuTiTac ar kargaven sulier daZabulobas, sulac ar undaT, rom
mayurebels, e.i. Cven, gagviiolon gza
WeSmaritebisaken.
maRali dramaturgiuli xelovnebiT
Sekruli, azrTa WidiliTa da moqmedebis energiuli ganviTarebiTaa aRbeWdili filmis scenari, ai, ras werda
misi avtori ebi mani:
„filmis scenari emyareba ori iuristis - amerikel da germanel mosamarTleTa sulier konfliqts, siuJetic am xaziT viTardeba suraTSi. amerikel heivuds, romelsac sfenser Tresi
asaxierebs, mivaniWe yvela Cemi nafiqrali da gancdili, is, rasac vgrZnobdi,
roca vuRrmavdebodi da vcdilobdi
Cavwvdomodi da gamego, Tu rogor moxda
es yovelive. mindoda swored heivudis
magaliTze meCvenebina - Tu igive mizezebi, igive logika - rogor ubiZgebdnen
amerikel mosamarTles im Secdomebis
gameorebisaken, romelic misi germaneli kolegis tragediad iqca. CemTvis
swored es momenti iyo yvelaze sagulisxmo. da rarig sawyenia, rom kritikosTa umravlesobam, ubralod, verc ki
SeniSna es“.

25

* * *
filmi sam saaTze metxans midis
ekranze. am drois cxra meaTedi anu
90% daTmobili aqvs sasamarTlo process - „molaparake adamianebs“, maT
erTurT dapirispirebul sityvebsa da
gamoTqmebs - xan fiqriT, simwris gancdiT gulidan amoxeTqils, xan dauTmobels, pirgamexebiT Tqmuls. simarTle
SemarTebasac iTxovs!
ekranze arian - bralmdebeli, damcveli (veqili), mowmeni da mosamarTleni
(orive mxriv), braldebulni. maT Sorisaa filmis erT-erTi mTavari personaJi, mesame raixSi iusticiis ministri,
ernst ianingi (mis saxeiers STambeWdavi
siRrmiT gvixatavs amerikeli msaxiobi berT lanqasTeri). ianingi - braldebulis skamze aRmomCdari - moulodnelobisagan Tavzardacemuli an, ubralod,
Semcbari ki ar Cans, aramed mis ekranul xatze sakuTar sulwiaRSi daZiruli da TakiliT fiqrwaRebuli ufro iTqmis. mas - inteleqtualsa da
damoukideblad moazrovnes, avtors araerTi sagulisxmo wignisas samarTalze,
kacurad TavdaWerilsa da daxvewili
manerebis namdvil evropels - brals
sdeben adamianurobis winaaRmdeg Cadenil danaSaulobebSi. igi axla fiqris
prizmaSi ganWvrets sakuTar warsuls:
- ratom ar SeeZlo mas faSizmSi
daenaxa Tavisi qveynis - versalis e.w.
`samSvidobo SeTanxmebiT~ damcirebuli
da gaZvaltyavebuli germaniis erovnuli aRorZineba?!
- gana igi - ernst ianingi ar iyo,
rom cdilobda kanonierebis suli Seetana yvelgan, sadac ki amis SesaZlebloba Cndeboda mesame raixSi?!
- diax, marTalia, mas xSirad kompromisze wasvlac, ukan daxeva da daTmobac uxdeboda, - magram igi, ernst ianingi rom ara,
mis adgils xom umal daacxreboda
da daikavebda vinme mTlad sindis-namus garecxili, erTianad xelidan wasuli aramzada?!
erTi SexedviT, yvela dasmul SekiTxvaze ukamaTo da dajerebuli erTsaxa pasuxis gacema Wirs - ara martooden Tavad filmis personaJebis mxriv,
aramed mayureblebisTvisac anu CvenTvisac, romlebic Tanadroul amRvreul
da paradoqsul saukuneSi mravalgzis
gavmxdarvarT mowmeni globaluri sisastikis, siyalbis, adamianuri Rirsebis, moralis, zneobis ZalmomreobiT
wabilwvis, usamarTlobis aRzevebisa!...
* * *
da scenaristi ebi mani da reJiso-

26

ri sTenli qrameri isev da isev gvaxseneben „zRvarsa yovlisas“ - adamians!
ekranze Caivlis mTeli galerea ubralo, Cveulebriv, magram faSizmis kacTmoZule kanonmdeblobiT normaluri
cxovrebidan amogdebul, sulierad da
fizikurad dasaxiCrebul adamianebisa.
ai, sasamarTloze Cvenebas iZleva
rudolf petersoni - komunisti muSis
Svili, romelic TxuTmeti wlis win,
jerac ymawvili, gonebrivad arasrulfasovnad gamoacxades da faSisturi sasamarTlos ganaCeniT - sterilizeba
misjili - daasaWurises anu mouspes
sakuTari STamomavlobis yolis SesaZlebloba. mas amjeradac briyvul SekiTxvas usvams Tavxedi da pirurcxvi
advokati rolfi: „rogori frazis Sedgena SeiZleba sityvebisagan - „kurdReli, monadire, mindori?“ da iqve yalbi
TanagrZnobiT Seaxsenebs sasamarTlos,
rom petersonis dedac aseve gonebaClungi da arasrulfasovani yofilao...
am dros ki, Tavad petersoni, raRac
sasowarkveTili moZraobiT, moulodnelad jibidan iRebs dedamisis, aTi Svilis mSobeli qalis fotosuraTs da
mudariT da uTqmeli tkiviliT aRbeWdili gamoxedviT - miuSvers msajulebsa da darbazs, rogorc saTnoebis xats,
viTarca „zRvars yovlisas“.
Semdeg, cota mogvianebiT, filmis
mTavari gmiri - amerikeli mosamarTle
heivudi profesionali iuristis gamWoli mzeriT isev dahyurebs axalgazrda petersonisa da saqveynod gabaxebul da sterilizebul iren hofmanis,
agreTve moxuc feldStainisa da mesame
raixis udierad xsenebisaTvis dasjil
(sterilizebul) ucnob biWunas fotosuraTebs, da vgrZnobT - advokat volfis mzakvrul nacistur logikas rogori ZaliT upirispirdeba da aarafrebs isev „zRvari yovlisa“ - adamiani,
poetis TqmiT „samyaros gvirgvini“.
* * *
filmis avtorebi, Cveulebisamebr, amjeradac Tavs arideben yovelgvar TvalSisacem reJisorul Tu operatorul
efeqtebs, maTi naxelqmnari xasiaTdeba
TavdaWerili, dinji, - Tu SeiZleba
iTqvas, - „fxizeli realizmiT“ da
imavdroulad msaxiobTa saSemsruleblo xelovnebis zedmiwevniT maRali
doniT, magram is, rasac am filmSi msaxiobebi aRweven (es ki, mogexsenebaT,
reJisoris damsaxurebis gareSe ar xdeba), marTla saocrebaa.
- vin arian es msaxiobebi?
uwinares yovlisa, sfenser Tresi,
amerikuli kinos patriarqi, reJisor

sTenli qrameris usayvarlesi msaxiobi da Tanamoazre, romelic mis araerT
suraTSia gadaRebuli.
Semdeg: isev amerikelebi - berT
lanqasTeri da riCard uidmarqi;
germanelebi - maqsimilian Seli da
marlen ditrixi;
da isev amerikelebi - monthomeri
qlifTi da judi garlandi.
TiToeuli maTgani warmoagdens ara
martooden ama Tu im, metnaklebad koloritul adamians, aramed gadmogvcems
sakuTari cxovrebis gzebiT, Tavisi biografiiTa da bed-iRbliT ganpirobebul
SexedulebaTa mTel sistemas, rwmenas,
jiut ltolvas Tavis simarTlisaken...
da TviT am uniWieres da maRalprofesionalTa mier Seqmnil STambeWdav saxeTa Sorisac ki Sinagani siRrmiTa da xibliT gamoirCeva sfenser Tresiseuli amerikeli mosamarTle heivudi. igi Cveulebriv, yoveldRiur garemoSi, marTmsajulebis sasaxlis miRma,
erTgvari mouqneli da ridiania, ironiulic kia, uwinares yovlisa, - sakuTari Tavis mimarT. magram mosamarTlis
skamze, mantiaSi umal warmogvidgeba
Zlier xelisuflad, igi mbrZanebelia
- morWmuli da gamgebiani, zogjer gulgrili da sastikic ki, magram es
aris sigrile da sisastike marTlmsajulisa, romelsac ver aiyoliebs da
verc CaiTrevs veranairi winaswarzraxvis cduneba, verc Surisgebis grZnoba,
verca raime droebiTi xelsayreli politikuri sargeblianobis gaazreba.
heivudi samarTlianobis, WeSmaritebis
zeobis xatia, Tavad msaxiobi sfenser
Tresi ki, scenaristTan da reJisorTan
erTad filmis namdvil Tanaavtorad
warmogvidgeba.
da magondeba, erT-erT interviuSi
sfenser Tresis gamo rom ambobda sTenli qrameri: „Cven vgavdiT erTimeores
da esec xels gviwyobda erTobliv
muSaobaSi. man icoda da xelewifeboda saxeieris Seqmna „triukebis“ gareSe
- Sinagani gancdiT da azris garjiT.
Cvens bolo filmSi, erT-erT kulminaciur momentSi sfenseri warmoTqvamda
grZel monologs keTilisa da borotis, naTelisa da bnelis Widilze. da
mec - iq myof msaxiobebTan, operatorebTan, gamnaTeblebTan erTad, - didxans
taSs vukravdi mas, rolis araCveulebrivi srulyofilebiT SesrulebisaTvis... ramdenime dReSi ki, is aRar iyo.
mZime, ukurnebeli seniT jandaxruli
gardacvalebamde meubneboda: „Cven kargi
filmi gavakeTeT. da me dRes, saRamomdec rom movkvde, uCemodac SesZlebT

mis dasrulebas“... sfenser Tresi WeSmaritad didi amerikeli msaxiobi iyo,
da albaT, arasodes gamineldeba gulSi
xinjad CarCenili sinanuli imis gamo,
rom mas sicocxleSi ver vuTxari, Tu
rarig miyvarda me igi“ (am sityvebSic
namdvili amerikelis - sTenli qrameris zneobaa gamJRavnebuli).
* * *
filmis avtorebs sjeraT da Cvenc
gvarwmuneben, rom samarTlianoba da
samarTali erTniSna da Seuvalia, rom
adamianisa da adamianurobisadmi Cadenili danaSaulis xsovnidan waSla an
riTime gamosyidva SeuZlebelia: da amaod nuravin imSvidebs Tavs imiT, rom
igi pirSekrul borotmoqmedTa Soris
ki iyo, magram mxolod Tavis sufTa,
„kanonier“ saqmes akeTebda da wili
ar udevs im usamarTlobaSi, romelic
irgvliv xdeboda...
da maxsendeba „niurnbergis procesis“ erTi recenzenti rom aRniSnavda
swored faSizmTan omis wlebSi gaCenil axal danaSauls - „kolaboracionizms“, rac mtrebTan TanamSromlobas
niSnavs. diax, ara kacTkvla da sisxlisRvra, ara civilizaciis naxelqmnaris
ugunuri ngreva da iavaryofa, ara Cveulebriv adamianTa dasaxiCreba da maTSi
adamianuri Rirsebis Cakvla, aramed ubralod - TanamSromloba!
redaqtoris SeniSvna: es gamoTqma
- „kolaboracionizmi“, ratomRac,
iSviaTad an sulac ar ixmareboda
sabWour Jurnalistikasa da publicistikaSi.
* * *
da bolos: realur sinamdvilesTan
sakmaod didi distanciis gamo, SesaZloa, dRevandeli mayureblisaTvis zogi
momenti an romelime mniSvnelovani
detali filmisa ucnobi an gaugebaric ki aRmoCndes, amitom mcire ganmarteba suraTis ama Tu im detalsa da
personaJTan dakavSirebiT:
uwinares yovlisa, is, rac exeba suraTSi frau bertholtis Semosvlas,
romlis rolsac asrulebs marlen ditrixi - 30-iani wlebis germanuli
kinos yvelaze brwyinvale varskvlavi,
e.w. „cisferi angelosis“ Semoqmedi,
dajerebuli antifaSisti, romelmac
hitlerelTa saxelmwifos saTaveSi
mosvlisTanave dastova germania da
aqtiur antifaSistur moRvaweobas eweoda amerikaSi... axla ki, oriode sityva
am filmSi marlen ditrixis personaJTan dakavSirebiT:
Tavis droze amerikuli presa gansakuTrebul gulisyurs iCenda germanel

27

samxedro damnaSaveTa colebis mimarT.
Jurnal-gazeTebis furclebze maT Tavs
adgavdnen wamebulTa gvirgvins, warmosaxavdnen qaluri erTgulebisa da Tavganwirvis samagaliTo xatad. am filmiTac vgebulobT, rom imxanad amerikaSi uCveulo sensaciad qceula frau
bertholtis (marlen ditrixis personaJis) Tavgamodeba da brZola imis
gamo, rom misi qmrisaTvis - nacisturi vermaxtis sikvdilmisjil generlisaTvis - CamoxrCobiT samarcxvino sikvdili SeecvalaT daxvretiT.
am suraTSi marlen ditrixis saocari taqtiTa da brwyinvale artistizmiT Sesrulebuli frau bertholtis saxe swored amerikuli presis
mier Seqmnil udReuri miTebis mtkice
uaryofad warmogvidgeba.
aqve mivapyrob Cveni mayurebel-msmenelis gulisyurs kidev erT sagulisxmo
detalze.
suraTSi aris aseTi epizodi: - restoranSi magidas usxedan amerikeli
mosamarTle heivudi da misi kolega
(msaxiobi riCard uidmarqi) meuRliTurT. swored maT miuaxlovdebian
axalSemosuli frau bertholti da
erTi rigiTi amerikeli Jurnalisti,
romelsac daukvirvebel saubarsa Tu
laybobaSi rogorRac wascdeba sityva
„malmed“... da umal Camovardeba uxerxuli pauza. iZabeba situacia. da vgrZnobT, rom es uxerxuloba da daZabuloba dakavSirebulia ara martooden
Jurnalistis utaqtobasTan, romelmac
frau bertholts uneburad Seaxsena
misi cxovrebis tragedia; rom am daZabul pauzas suraTSi sxva - ufro Rrma azri da datvirTvac aqvs.
saqme is aris, rom malmedi erTi
patara yru adgilia belgiaSi, romlis
maxloblad 1944 wlis dekemberSi, xanmokle kontrSetevis dros, germanelma
esesis tankistebma uwyalod amoxoces
amerikeli samxedro tyveebis mTeli
kolona. Semdeg, rogorc ki amerikelebma
fexi Sedges germaniaSi, iqve daiwyes
am sisxliani operaciis monawileTa
saqmis gamoZieba da maT mimarT angariSis sworeba lozungiT - „Surisgeba
malmedisaTvis!“ sikvdiliT dasajes CamoaxrCes bevri. Semdeg ki gairkva,
rom CamoxrCobilTa Soris yofilan
iseTnic, romlebsac Turme araviTari
kavSiri ar hqoniaT malmedSi momxdar
sisxlian tragediasTan. aman ki, raRa
Tqma unda, aRaSfoTa saerTaSoriso sazogadoebrioba da garkveuli Crdilic
miayena amerikul marTlmsajulebas...
ai, ratom aRmoCndnen filmis am

28

epizodSi amerikeli mosamarTle heivudi da misi kolega esoden uxerxul
da orazrovan mdgomareobaSi, iqneb gawbilebulic, roca frau bertholtis
TandaswrebiT laybobis azartSi Sesuli Jurnalisti axsenebs malmeds...
TumcaRa, SesaZloa, rom filmis avtorebs am epizodSi ufro imisaTvis
dasWirdaT malmedis tragediaze Cveni
gulisyuris miqceva, rom ar Segvqmnoda STabeWdileba, TiTqos isini - WeSmaritebis maZiebeli, ukompromiso amerikeli mosamarTlis warmosaxviT - apirebdnen marTlmsajulebis, Tundac amerikeulis, idealizebas.
iqneb amitomaa, rom mosamarTle heivudis saxeiers filmSi raRac adamianuri simwris gancdac axlavs. suraTis dasasruls sfenser Tresis gmiri
bolo kadris siRrmeSi midis, miabijebs
didxans - daRlili da gawbilebuli,
TiTqos yvelaferze gulayrili da
xelCaqneuli. ukanidan ki Caesmis Tavxedi, xepruli faSisturi marSebi. am
xmebis TanxlebiT ekranze aRmocenebuli daskvniTi warwerebi ki iuwyeba:
rom niurnbergis procesebze gasamarTlebuli Tu yvela sasjelmisjili
sadReisod ukve gaTavisuflebulia!...
heivudi ukanmouxedavad gadis kadridan. ekranidan isev ismis is nacnobi TviTrjuli da aRgznebuli saldaTuri SeZaxili...
filmis aseTi mSrali da imavdroulad, gulisdamwyveti informaciuli
dasasruliT kidev erTxel mJRavndeba
dageSiT avtorTa adamianuri gamwarebac da maTi, rogorc moqalaqeTa da
xelovanTa uryevi princi pi da poziciac: maT ar undaT, rom mayurebels
Seeqmnas raRac iluzia im samyaroze,
romelSic gvixdeba cxovreba. da Cven,
am saocari Zalis suraTiT SeZrulni
da STagonebulni, Tamamad vusworebT
Tvals simarTles!
TumcaRa, martodes Cven ara! - Tavad
reJisori sTenli qrameric. man am filmis Semdeg gadaiRo grandiozuli komediuri sanaxaoba- „esaa SeSlili, SeSlili, SeSlili msoflio“ - filmi kacTa
modgmis amouZirkvel mankierebaze sixarbeze, momxveWelobaze...
am suraTs, uTuod, vnaxavT Cvens
programaSi da maSin gveqneba mis gamo
saubaric. axla ki, ekrans vuTmobT
„niurnbergis process“.
momaval Sexvedramde!
naxeT am linkze:
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=J62XvzlHelk

Zmebo,
vidre

ar aris

udbfy=
29

voi!
ra uferulia sikvdili loginSi!
voi! ra saSinelia sikvdili loginSi!
isic loginSi momkvdara, oRond yinulis loginSi!
voi! kala-uSguli Sekrebila yanas da saTibs momcdara.
mTeli svaneTi Sekrebila,
mTlad saqarTvelo Sekrebila,
SxarasTan RrubeliviT momdgara...
voi! Sxara sisxliT SeRebila koxta TikanaZe momkvdara!
beqnu xergians da beqnus lomebs
guramis neSti upyriaT xelSi,
beqnu xergians da beqnus lomebs
mSrali burTebi gasCriaT yelSi.
guram TikanaZes Sxara auRia,
rac moxda, daSvebisas momxdara:
sakuTar xeliT palo daugia,
sakuTar paloze momwydara...
cocxlisgan sayveduri augia Toki erTaderTi Caubia Tavi simamaciT waugia,
voi-vo, simamaciT momkvdara!..…

isic
loginSi
momkvdara,
oRond -

'byekbc
loginSi!

- „xoCa sakace gamiTaleT,
davawyo xorci da Zvali!
sikvdili sicocxled CamiTvaleT
aRmarTSi - kvnesiT amitaneT,
vakeze - miTxariT zari!..“
uSgulSi gamovarda ivdiTi niJaraZe,
Sehkivla, gaikawra loya;
fostlebis flatuniT uxnesi diaci
sakaces fexdafex mohyva:
„TeTnuldma ra mogca? uSbaze ra gqonda?
Sxaraze ra gindoda, gmiro?!
vo, guram, ramxela beWebi dagqonda ram dagapatarava, Svilo?!“
asi cxenosniT uSguli gaxlavs
da beWze midevs Seni sakace...
Sen dageufla Zili da daRla,
Sen dasaxarji ukve daxarje...
Sen gaielve Rrublebze maRla,
Sen saqarTvelos Rame gaxaze...
asi cxenosniT uSguli gaxlavs
da mitivtivebs Seni sakace...
voi! ra uferulia sikvdili loginSi!
voi! ra saSinelia sikvdili loginSi!
isic loginSi momkvdara, oRond yinulis loginSi!..
guram TikanaZes Sxara auRia,
rac moxda, daSvebisas momxdara:
Tavi simamaciT waugia,
voi-vo, gurami momkvdara...
cocxlisgan sayveduri augia,
Cauqi - mkvdaric Cauqia!
varskvlavi varskvlavebs momwydara!

30

ivdiTi niJaraZe,
patara lela,
beqnu xergiani
da guramis sxva
svani maspinZlebi

- qalbatono lela, rogori gaxsovT
guram TikanaZe?
- 8-9 wlis viyavi, mesame klasSi...
maxsovs, Cvens did aivanze rogor idga
xolme ulamazesi, oqrosferTmiani, aTleturi aRnagobis axalgazrda kaci.
garedan sul ecva sportuli, e.w. „plaSovkis kurtka“.
me rom daminaxavda, gamomiSverda
Sekrul xels, romelSic mudam qiSmiSi hqonda, da metyoda: xom ginda es?
axla wadi da patara sulguni momitaneo. mec sixaruliT gavrbodi - sulguni raSi mainteresebda, mTavari iyo,
rom qiSmiSs maZlevda. xan savarcxliT
damdevda, Tmebi unda dagvarcxnoo, albaT, sul gawewili mqonda Tma...
mas axlda kidev oTxi alpinisti
(jgufis xelmZRvaneli iyo cnobili
mTamsvleli dimitri obolaZe), isinic
maxsovs, magram aseTi damokidebuleba
maT mimarT, ratomRac, naklebad mqonda.
mere, me vukravdi garmonze (TviTnaswavli „musikosi“ gaxldiT...), esec
Zalian moswonda da dedaCems eubneboda: deida nato, es bavSvi me unda waviyvano TbilisSi, musikalur skolaSi
unda mivabaro, CemTan iqnebao; ki ar
wagarTmevT, mere dagibrunebTo. Cems
sixaruls sazRvari ar hqonda, rom
Tbiliss vnaxavdi!.. dedac daiTanxma,
magram, vai, rom es yvelaferi mxolod
naTqvamad darCa!
erT saRamos Sinauri koncerti gavmarTeT. gurami acxadebda TiToeuli
Cvenganis saxelsa da gvars. xumrobiT,
gvarTan erTad ambobda: uSgulis damsaxurebuli msaxiobio. Cven es uzomod
gvixaroda. gansakuTrebiT moswonda gurams svanuri simRera ilia gablianze.
me mas xmamaRla vmRerodi:
- mi xvi muSvan gabliani,
tianSaniS kojars Zerde,
ame guSagd mi amganex,
ejRa mar mi kojreS serde
(me var svani gabliani,
tianSanis kldeebis binadari,
aq guSagad damayenes,
am kldeebis gulSematkivari)...
am leqsis Targmani mTxova. davuwere. gaxarebulma miTxra, davbeWdav
da gamogigzavnio. es pirobac Seusrulebeli darCa...
gurams ainteresebda yvelaferi Cvens
ojaxSi. Cven da ivdiTi niJaraZe, bicolaCemi, Tavisi ojaxiT, erT did saxlSi
vcxovrobdiT. dedas da ivdiTs sul
akvirdeboda, purebs rogor acxobdnen
RumelSi, an sxva saojaxo saqmes rogor
akeTebdnen... Cems dedmamiSvilebs da
soflis bavSvebs yvelas erTad Segvkreb-

agvistoSi 50 weli Sesruldeba im tragikuli dRis Semdeg,
rac Sxaradan daSvebisas tragikulad daiRupa uniWieresi fotoxelovani da mTamsvleli guram TikanaZe.
drom ver gaaxuna kaSkaSa saxeli - momdevno Taobebic udides
pativs miageben 30 wlis asakSi aRsrulebul sportsmensa da
Semoqmeds. mis gansakuTrebul popularobaSi ki arcTu mcire
wvlili miuZRvis murman lebaniZis Sedevrs „voi...“ - riTmebad,
ritmebad, poetur saxeebad aJRerebul namdvil svanur zars.
1976 wels poetma aseve gamosca mis mier Sedgenili krebuli
„guram TikanaZe“, romelSic daibeWda guramis patara maspinZlis,
uSguleli gogonas, lela niJaraZis SesaniSnavi werilic - „dauviwyari stumari“.
dRes lela niJaraZe, didi akaki SaniZis usayvarlesi Segirdi,
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis qarTuli enis institutTan
arsebuli Zveli qarTuli xelnawerebis Semswavleli samecniero laboratoria „orionis“ (xelmZRvaneli mzeqala SaniZe) mecnier-TanamSromeli, svanuris Rvawlmosili mkvlevaria. misma mexsierebam ferucvlelad Semoinaxa adreul bavSvobaSi miRebuli
umZafresi STabeWdilebebi, maT Soris - iseTic, wignSi dabeWdil
mogonebaSi rom ar aris Setanili.
Cvens mkiTxvels igi bevr saintereso rames uambobs.

ivdiTi niJaraZe
meuRliTurT

maradi axalgazrdebi guram TikanaZe da
guram rCeuliSvili

31

miSa mesxis finTi
guram TikanaZis foto - 1960

guram TikanaZis foto

guram TikanaZis foto

32

da da suraTebs gviRebda. ra cudia,
rom arc erTi foto ar maqvs, arc dabeWdila es suraTebi, radganac is ukve
TbilisSi aRarc dabrunebula...
- iseTi patara gogona iyaviT, da
mainc - gagaxsendebaT is momenti, roca
gurami Sxaras asaRebad gaemarTa?
- diax, kargad maxsovs. gurami uSgulSi im mizniT wamovida, rom Sxara
daepyro. am laSqrobas nebarTva sdomebia
Tbilisidan, Sesabamisi uwyebebidan. maSin
amdeni sakomunikacio saSualeba ar
arsebobda da, miT ufro, es uSgulidan SeuZlebeli iyo. amitom mas ramdenjerme mouxda uSgulidan mestiaSi
Casvla, rom es Sesabamisi nebarTva hqonoda... bolos, roca Cavida mestiaSi (Tu
ar vcdebi, es ukve - mesamed), cota
Seagvianda, anu ramdenime dRe. jgufis
danarCeni wevrebi Cvens saxlSi iyvnen
da isinic elodebodnen pasuxs. me Zalian moviwyine, sad wavida amdeni xniT,
ratom ar modis-meTqi, dedas vTxovdi
pasuxs.
erT dRes me da Cemi dedmamiSvilebi, yvelani erTad, viyaviT dedasTan
oTaxSi da, uceb, xmauri Semogvesma,
ufro sworad, raxuni... gavixedeT da,
ras vxedavT: gurami Semosula Cvens
ezoSi, oRond ara - Semosasvleli karidan, aramed, pirdapir yoreze „Semoalaja“ Tavisi didi nabijebiT da qvebic
gadmoyara Robidan. Semovarda Sin da
gaxarebulma dedas uTxra: deida nato,
Sxaraze asvlis nebarTva aviReo.
es Semdgom jgufis wevrebmac da ivdiTis ojaxis wevrebmac, yvelam Seityo.
ase iyo is dRe... Seudgnen samzadiss, rom meore dRes gamgzavrebuliyvnen Sxaras mimarTulebiT...
meore diliT jgufi aibarga, gadaikides TavianTi zurgCanTebi da aRWurviloba... win gurami miuZRodaT... yvelani gamovediT ezoSi, raTa jgufi gagvecilebina. ucbad, vxedavT, is gurami,
romelic wina dRiT aRfrTovanebuli
da gaxarebuli iyo, TavCaqindruli, mZime
nabijebiT gaudga gzas.
nana ivdiTi bavSvebs iqiT migverekeboda, win „cudi fexiT“ aravin dauxvdeso, ase mivacileT soflis bolomde...
- iSviaTad hqonia vinmes sikvdils
iseTi rezonansi, rogoric maSin guram
TikanaZis daRupvas mohyva. ras gaixsenebdiT?
- mexis gavardnas hgavda Semzaravi
ambavi, gurami daiRupao... mTeli uSguli Seikriba, modiodnen Cvens saxlSic.
mere Seikribnen mTeli svaneTis alpinistebi, rogorc zemo, ise qvemo svaneTis,
cnobilebi da gamocdilebi, gamoiZaxes

V

Tbilisidan maSvelTa razmi da 40-kaciani jgufi unda wasuliyo Sxaraze
guramis neStis Camosasveneblad. Cvens
saxlSi didi xalxmravloba iyo, Tbiliselebma Tu adgilobrivebma, yvelam
CvenTan moiyara Tavi. maSvelTa razmis
xelmZRvaneli sakmaod cnobili da Warmagi beqnu xergiani gaxldaT.
svaneTSi didi miTqma-moTqma iyo,
mas uRalates da es ambavi mouwyveso,
Worebs bolo ar uCanda (es, ubralod,
TqvenTvis...). roca alpinistebi mividnen
Sxaris ZirSi, gadawyda: kldeze unda
asuliyvnen mxolod svani mTamsvlelebi
da erTi kaci, Tbiliseli Tamazi gvari ar maxsovs - romelic im tragikul dRes guramTan iyo TokSi Sebmuli... Tbiliseli maSvelebi ki Sxaras
ZirSi unda darCeniliyvnen da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi daixmardnen. ase avidnen Sxaraze, win - beqnu xergiani, ukan
- jgufi (Tu ar vcdebi, 20 kaci)...
roca asulan Sxaraze, guramis neSti
Zalian rTul da miuval adgilze yofila... neStisaTvis rom gadauxedavT,
griSa gulbans (romelic Zalian cnobili, didi mTamsvleli iyo) im TamazisTvis (romelic guramTan erTad iyo
TokSi Sebmuli) mouTxovia, dawvrile-

biT aRewera is garemoeba, romelSic
gurami daiRupa, rogor moxda es yvelaferio, man ki, Turme, detalurad auxsna,
Tu rogor gadmogorda kldidan didi
qva da rogor CaWra guramis bawari, ase mowydao kldidan. is mTamsvleli,
Tamazi, guramis daRupvis merec xSirad
amodioda uSgulSi CvenTan.
dadga sakiTxi guramis Camoyvana arCamoyvanaze. mere beqnus uTqvams (yurSi ar esmoda beqnus da xmamaRla uyvirodnen xolme): davWri, davakonserveb,
jibeebSi Caviwyob guramis neSts da
ise Cavitan, aq mainc ar davtovebo...
ase iyo Tu ise, neSti Camoasvenes.
mas arc ki akadres raime transportze,
magaliTad - marxilze, an did manqanaze dasveneba, ise atares sul beWebiT.
erTmaneTs enacvlebodnen brge da axovani vaJkacebi, arc samgloviaro svanuri zari SeuwyvetiaT da amgvarad Camoiyvanes 5-6 kilometris manZilze. daasvenes Cveni saxlis win, koSkTan, patara
moedanze, iq gaumarTes samgloviaro
ceremoniali. iyvnen qalebi, adgilobrivebi (ori qali - erTi pedagogi iyo,
maxsovs - ukleba-Carqseliani), romelTac qarTulad daitires, raTa sityvebis Sinaarsi stumrebsac gaegoT, radga-

nac guramis uamravi axlobeli Tu
megobari iyo Camosuli Tbilisidan
uSgulSi pativis misagebad.
gamonaklisi iyo bicolaCemi ivdiTi, romelic, rogorc murman lebaniZe
aRwers, marTlac kiviliT gamovarda
saxlidan da ase poeturad daitira
svanurad, kacebi ki zars ambobdnen.
mere didi dava gamoiwvia adgilobriv, svan mTamsvlelebSi iman, Tu romeli gziT wamoesvenebinaT gurami, lentexis Tu mestiis... ar daTmes mestielma mTamsvlelebma: es Cvenken ufro modioda da amitom es gza ekuTvniso... gadawyda, gurami mestiiT CamoesvenebinaT
TbilisSi. amasobaSi daRamda kidec da
mTvariani RamiT, zariT wamoasvenes gurami mestia-uSgulis gziT... aqac pativiT dakrZales, svanuri qva „ka“ da
svanuri zari aqac Tanmdevi iyo misTvis... ase iyo es istoria, rac Cems
mexsierebas SemorCa. dRemde maxsovs
da mtkiva gurami...
- vici, rom guram TikanaZis ojaxTan
Tqveni urTierToba gagrZelda...
- diax, me dedamisTan mas mere sul
mqonda urTierToba, sanam gardaicvleboda. ukve studenti, xSirad davdiodi masTan. mirekavda, me misTvis sasur-

33

guram TikanaZis foto

guram
TikanaZis
foto

guram TikanaZis foto

34

veli stumari viyavi, miyveboda guramze ambebs... bolos rom midioda svaneTSi,
vuTxario: Svilo, ra dakarge am svaneTSi
aseTi, rom yovel wels dadixar! Semomxeda da miTxra: deda, erTxel wagiyvan
svaneTSi da am kiTxvas ar damisvamo.
Zalian kargi qali iyo guramis
deda, tania deida, ulamazesi qali!
gurami dedas hgavda Zalian; guramic
da misi dac, rusiko (axlac lamazi
qalia!). guramis dedis megobarma miTxra,
es da-Zma mTawmindaze roca Camoivlidnen, gegoneboda, mze da mTvare modian
erTad, iseTi lamazebi iyvneno...
kargad vicnob guramis qaliSvils,
ia TikanaZes, ukve saxelovan qals - mamamisis aslia. mas mama ar axsovs. ho,
gamaxsenda, ias vuTxari kidec: alpinistis werayini rom aris, gurams imis
budeSi hqonda ias suraTi (ia maSin
erTi wlis iyo), gaxsnida im budes da
miCvenebda xolme: ai, Cemi iao, es Cemi
gogona ariso.
- murman lebaniZem Tqveni bicolas
- ivdiTi niJaraZis - iseTi STambeWdavi portreti Seqmna, qarTveli mkiTxvelis mexsierebidan arasdros amoiSleba:
„uSgulSi gamovarda ivdiTi niJaraZe,
Sehkivla, gaikawra loya, fostlebis
flatuniT uxnesi diaci sakaces fexdafex mohyva: „TeTnuldma ra mogca?
uSbaze ra gqonda? Sxaraze ra gindoda, gmiro?! vo, guram, ramxela beWebi
dagqonda - ram dagapatarava, Svilo?!“
mainc, vin iyo guram TikanaZis ubadlod damtirebeli es svani qali?
- man qarTuli arcTu ise kargad
icoda, uSgulSi gaxldaT dabadebuli
da gazrdili. araCveulebrivi qali
iyo da guramic ise uyvarda, rogorc
sakuTari Svili. ivdiTi ganTqmuli
gaxldaT, rogorc ubadlo momtirali
qali. axla rom vfiqrob, misi sityvebi namdvili poetisa iyo...
ai, man aseTi ramec daatira gurams
(rasakvirvelia, svanurad): sabralo guramis dedao, gurami Sxaras did kedlebs
wasasmelad (rogorc karaqio - igulisxmeboda) ar eyoo.
Cven, mamaCemis Svilebi, mas dedas,
anu nana ivdiTs veZaxdiT, mis xelSi
varT gazrdilebi.
ivdiTi niJaraZe 84 wlisa gardaicvala da WaRara ar hqonda. misi portreti daxatuli aqvs cnobil qarTvel
mxatvars irakli ToiZes.
- Tqveni mamiseuli saxli gamorCeulia uSgulSi Tavisi sididiT da
fasadze SemorCenili eTnografiuli
ornamentikiT. amave dros, is mTamsvlelTa TavSesafari da ojaxuri kerac

iyo wlebis manZilze. swored aqedan
gavida Sxaras dasalaSqrad guram TikanaZec. amitom, modiT, cota meti gviambeT am saxlze, Tqvens ojaxze...
- Cveni saxli marTlac gamorCeulia, Zalian didi xnis winaT aris
aSenebuli. amdeni weli gavida mas mere da uSgulSi dResac veravin aaSena
aseTi saxli.
mamaCemi, leonti niJaraZe, Tu trabaxSi ar CameTvleba, gamorCeuli da sxva
masStabebis kaci iyo - Tbilisis universitetidan uSgulSi wasuli kaci! yvelaferi is gaxldaT: skolis direqtori, warmoebis direqtori, „miSiakis“
qarxnis direqtori da ra vici... Cems
dros ukve maTematikas aswavlida uSgulis skolaSi. uSgulisTvis bevri
ram aqvs gakeTebuli. oTxi Svili vyavdiT - sami qali da nabolara vaJi
(mogexsenebaT, svanisTvis biWi ras niSnavs!). dedas arasodes umuSavia, Zalian lamazi da saTno qali iyo, mTeli
misi sazrunavi ojaxi da bavSvebi iyo.
gagvzardes, oTxive Svils umaRlesi
ganaTleba migvaRebines, rac maSin arcTu
ise advili iyo, Tanac - uSgulidan!
roca mamaCemma es saxli aaSena, ucolo iyo. misi Zma, mose, mSromeli kaci

gaxldaT, mas da mis meuRles, ivdiTs,
didi wvlili miuZRviT am saxlis
mSeneblobaSi, amitom es saxli Suaze
gaiyves, naxevar saxlSi Cven vcxovrobdiT, naxevarSi - isini. magram Cven gayofili TiTqmis araferi gvqonda, erTi
ojaxi viyaviT, isinic bevrni iyvnen, saxli iyo 12 oTaxi didi aivnebiT.
rac Seexeba im borjRaloebs da
CuqurTmebs, romlebic saxlis ukana
mxares SemorCa, mamas cnobili xelosnebi wauyvania raWidan da imaT gaakeTebina Turme. adre wina fasadsac hqonda
eseni, magram Secvales win, amoaSenes
(klimaturi pirobebis gamo).
saxlis ukan warwerac Selaxulia,
magram mainc ikiTxeba: „es saxli moawyo 1939 w. toria Tedores Ze gavaSelma“ da misi xelic da samuSao iaraRic amotvifrulia...
axla iq Cven aravin varT, zafxulobiT Tu wavalT xolme... ded-mama cocxlebi aRar arian. ise menatreba xolme
is saxli, ar vici!.. yvela mTamsvlelis,
Tu ise Camosuli stumris mudmivi
maspinZlebi viyaviT... axla Zalian bevri
ucxoeli dadis uSgulSi, - mogexsenebaT, turizmi svaneTSi Zalzed ganviTarda da xalxis Semosavlis mTavar

wyarod iqca. iq dRes ukve kerZo saxli-sastumroebi aqvT. Cems dros es yvelaferi usasyidlod da uangarod iyo...
- im memorialur nivTebzec gviambeT, romlebic uSgulSi, Tqvens did
saxlSi inaxeba...
- palo, romelzec guram TikanaZe
moswyda, cnobilma mTamsvlelma dimitri dangaZem momdevno wels Camoitana
Sxaradan, roca mwvervali daipyro (albaT, imave marSrutiT wavidnen, guramma
da misma jgufma rom gaiares). es palo erTxans Cvens saxlSi iyo. mgoni,
maleve wamoiRes TbilisSi. rac Seexeba guramis werayinsa da saZile tomaras, isini iq aris, Cvens saxlSi...
* * *
- ase damTavrda guramis stumroba
svaneTSi, romelic ase uyvarda! samwuxarod, es stumroba ukanaskneli da
sabediswero aRmoCnda, - daasrula Txroba qalbatonma lelam.
me ki intervius dros araerTxel
micocxldeboda Tvalwin murman lebaniZis leqsSi gadmocemuli glovis
apoTeozi:
„asi cxenosniT uSguli maxlavs
da mitivtivebs Seni sakace...“
nanuli cxvediani

35

Tavdapirvelad iyo damoukidebloba.
Semdeg iyo daTo barbaqaZis `trfoba
wamebulTa~ da pirveli omi.
omebs Soris - `reaqtiuli klubi~.
omebis mere - aka morCilaZis braziani romanebi.
ase, omebSi, iSva postsabWouri qarTuli literatura.
damoukideblobam, brextis dedilo
kuraJis msgavsad, omis Svilebi - axali
qarTuli wignebi Sva. mniSvnelovani Zalian cota. yalbi - Zalian bevri.
es wignebi pandoras yuTiviTaa: gadaSli da omebisgan daavadebuli adamianebis yvirili Semogesmeba.
vfiqrob, umetesad, avtoric ki ver
xvdeba, rom omze wers: im Sokisgan, romelic omma (an omebma) dautoves, gankurneba warmoudgenelia. es Soki samudamoa.
Soki - qarTuli literaturis bedisweraa. SiSi refleqsiebadaa gabneuli qarTul teqstebSi gadarCenilebi omSi gagiJebulebze
weren. `Cven omis Taoba varT~ - es sityvebi amovikiTxe meTerTmete klasel,
salome petriaSvilis saskolo TemaSi. is Cemze umcrosia, Tumca raRacnairad erTi biografia gvaqvs - Cvenze
Tanabrad gadanawilda yvela is omi,
romelic 1991 wlis Semdeg gaCaRda
am qveyanaSi.
am omebma Cveni biografiebis yvelaze
mniSvnelovani ambebic ki gadafares da
erTmaneTs dagvamsgavses erTi SexedviT
sruliad sxvadasxvanairi adamianebi.
oms aseTi Tvisebac hqonia: pirad
biografias giuqmebs. amas 2008 wlis
agvistoSi mivxvdi. is, rac Seni iyo
da mniSvnelovnad geCveneboda omamde,
absoluturad araaqtualuri da arasaWiro xdeba omis dros. sakuTriv Seni
aRaraferi grCeba: Sennairi SiSiT eSinia
asobiT aTas adamians da is, rac sxvebs
axarebs, Senc igive ggvris bednierebas.
mokled asea: rogorc ar unda ivaJkaco, Sen hqrebi, rogorc individualoba (sxvisi bedi Seni bedi xdebao, sad
ewera?) da garkveul etapze imasac
acnobiereb, rom TiTqmis SeuZlebelia
mxolod Seni gadarCena. rogori siswrafiTac ar unda gavarde `wiTeli
xidisken~, an ra siCqariTac ar unda
gaeqce rusul bombebs amerikuli boingiT, am oms mainc veRarsad wauxval.
ucnauri, lamisaa metafizikuri SegrZneba iyo - biografia gamiqra. `laSa
buRaZe~ fiqciad iqca. erTi TviT gavqri. biografias mxolod axlaRa vibruneb nel-nela.
iqneb swored amazea zaza burWulaZis `adibasi~? romani, sadac mrava-

36

li mTxrobelia, magram erTi biografiaa - bevri pirveli piria, magram gadarCena-vergadarCenis SesaZlebloba.
romanis gmirebi jiutad ar imCneven oms, maTi saarsebo sivrce rusuli
jaris Semosvlis proporciulad mcirdeba: omi adibasi-Tbilisis quCebSi, televizorebSi, binebSi da kafeebSi iWreba,
`adibasis~ adamianebi warTmeuli (SezRuduli) biografiis naglejebis SenarCunebas cdiloben - gadarCebian, Tuki
pirad istorias SeinarCuneben... omi
maT subieqtur Tavgadasavlebs arTmevs,
ambavs (romelic 2008 wlis 8 agvistodan iwyeba) erTi didi qoro hyveba
- naxevradcocxali adamianebi, romlebic
amaod cdiloben biografiebSi darCenas.
rac Seexeba aka morCilaZis brazian romanebs (`mogzauroba yarabaRSi~,
`faliaSvilis quCis ZaRlebi~), aq ukve
samudamod SeSinebuli adamianebi gviyvebian TavianT ambebs.
me ase mesmis: es Cveni aRsarebaa.
socialuri aRsareba (ar arsebobs aRsarebis aseTi forma?), romelic (rogorc
yvela Sedegiani aRsareba), gamomajansaRebel, fsiqoTerapiul saSualebad iqca
CvenTvis. aka morCilaZem oTxmocdaaTiani wlebisgan gangvkurna. mTeli es
mZvinvare wlebi - tyviebis zuzuni,
sisxli, isterika, agresia, absurdi Tavis
romanebSi Camala (tyuilad ar mixsenebia dasawyisSi pandoras yuTi) da
jadoc agvxsna. nawilobriv mainc. mis
personaJebad qceulni ukve sruliad
usafrTxoni viyaviT, rogorc sxvebisTvis, aseve sakuTari TavebisTvisac.
me Tu mkiTxav, afTiaqebSi unda iyidebodes aka morCilaZis wignebi.
aseTi samkurnalo-Terapiuli wignebi xom arcTu ise bevria.
ager, magaliTad, gana WeSmaritad
saafTiaqe wigni ar iyo (cxadia, konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT) omgavlili
germaniisTvis Tomas manis `doqtor
faustusi~?
andac ana axmatovas `rekviemi` `samizdatis~ mkiTxveli sabWoelisTvis?
anki milorad paviCis `varskvlaveTis mantia~ bombebiT moWedili cis
qveS mcxovrebi serbebisTvis...
wignebs naciebi hyavT gadarCenili.
an, yovel SemTxvevaSi, depresiidan
gamoyvanili mainc.
Tumca arian erebi, romelnic - gavbedav da vityvi - sibrmavis Tu sibriyvis gamo, jerac uars amboben literaturoTerapiaze.
absoluturad darwmunebuli var,
rom qaSmirs samudamod Tu ara, didi
xniT daamSvidebda raSdis `SuaRamis Svi-

lebi~ da `florencieli grZneuli~.
dRevandel ruseTs ki, rogorc momakvdinebeli virusiT Sepyrobils - tamiflu, iseve swrafad gamoajansaRebda vladimer sorokinis `opriCnikis erTi dRe~!
am wignis tiraJis gazrda da Cvengan
maTi tankebis gasvla erTi iqneboda...
iq da im dros, sadac simarTle
pirobiT cnebad iqceva da sadac arCevanis gakeTeba ara sicruesa da WeSmaritebas, aramed sxvadasxva sinamdvileebs Soris giwevs, - SenTvis misaRebi
realobis sasargeblod, - vfiqrob (da
ara mgonia, axla literaturocentrizmi malaparakebdes), xelovneba da, am
SemTxvevaSi ki literatura iqneba is
sivrce, sadac Seni namdvili ambis amokiTxvas SeZleb: aq ar motyuvdebi.
oriode Tvis win, marjaniSvilis
Teatris sxvenze omze dawerili qarTuli piesebi waikiTxes. ramdeni piesac
iyo, imdennairi omi gamovida, Tumca
pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT, cxadia, arcerT
piesaSi ar gaCaRebula xelCarTuli
brZola. ocdameerTe saukunis omebi
sxvanairia - SeiZleba miwas arc auvides denTis suni, magram omi ki mainc
moadges Seni saxlis kedlebs.
am piesebSi ucnauri omebi iyo: im
Rames, roca TiTqosda Tbilisisken daiZrnen tankebi, moswavles (biWs) frangulis maswavleblis (qalis) saxlSi mouwia darCena (n. kvinikaZe); Svidi wlis
bavSvisTvis omi kompiuterul TamaSad
iqca (b. janikaSvili); moxucma colqmarma bankis gaZarcva moindoma - aqaoda,
qaosiT visargeblebTo (m. doiaSvili);
rus mesazRvre-kacsa da qarTvel mesazRvre-qals Soris lamisaa col-qmruli,
banaluri ojaxuri konfliqti gaTamaSda (d. turaSvili); qarTvel emigrantebs niri wauxdaT TavianT patara,
emigrantul sufraze - uecrad Seityves, rom maT qveyanaSi omi dawyebula.
ra saWiroa srola da xmauri - es
teqstebi Cvens SegrZnebebs, SiSebs, fiqrebs, molodinebs, imedebs an uimedobas
ilustrireben. aq ar laparakoben arc
patriotizmze da arc Ralatze (fsevdopatriotuli leqs-poem-moTxrobebis
damwerTa msgavsad), piesebis personaJebi
CvensaviT misulan mijnamde: amis iqiT,
Turme, sikvdili yofila, sicocxle ki
grZeldeba, magram biografiebi - aRar.
sityva `fsevdo~ SemTxveviT ar mixmaria - afxazeTis omma sxva bevr simaxinjesTan erTad mravali aseTi mutantic Sva: Seiqmna uSvelebeli raodenobis
lit-makulatura, romelic viTomda am
omis istorias mogviTxrobda. am litsurogatma - rogorc nagvis goram -

ise gadafara am omis mowme da monawile xalxis namdvili ambavi. omaxianma
an piriqiT, sakraluri panaSvidis paTosiT daCekilma leqsebma, romanebma da
filmebma asec ver gagvagebines, ra iyo
es omi sinamdvileSi da an Cven ki rogorebi viyaviT am omis dros, - siyalbis am veeba morevma (omis tkivilebis
Semaxsenebel uTvalav Zalagamoclil
lozungsa da politikosTa usicocxlo da gulisamrev dapirebasTan erTad) mTeli es tragedia erT did kiCad, karikaturad, momabezrebel parodiad
aqcia da yvelafer amis mimarT cocxali
Tanagancdis unari dagviClunga.
gegoneba, ganzrax moviqeciT ase: es
omebi (upirveles yovlisa ki, `afxazuri~) Cvens sterilur cremlebSi, umweod myefar simRerebSi, gamawiTlebel
videokli pebSi da uTvalavi raodenobis leqssa Tu sadRegrZeloSi CavmarxeT.
TiTqos ar gvindoda, rom gulwrfelebi vyofiliyaviT...
ar vici, rogor unda moreoda siyalbisa da upasuxismgeblobis am uSvelebel legions aka morCilaZis as samocdaSvidgverdiani `yarabaRi~ an oTar
WilaZis `godori~?
arsebobs erTi aseTi idioturi qarTuli SekiTxva: gveSveleba rame?
umetesad taqsis mZRolebi misvamen
xolme am kiTxvas, me ki, rogorc wesi,
pasuxi ara maqvs. ufro sworad, maqvs,
magram vici - es pasuxi saqarTveloSi
Zalian cotas Tu daakmayofilebs.
mxolod wignebi gviSvelian. sxva
ra unda vTqva. Tundac aq xsenebuli
mwerlebis wignebi.
ar gegonoT, zogad rCevebs viZleode - namdvilad ar minda, rom Cemi pasuxi mxolod SviliSvilebis ganaTlebaze mzrunvel bebiebs uamebdes guls,
am SemTxvevaSi gadarCenis savsebiT praqtikul gegmaze vsaubrob. xom gaxsovT,
ras werda borxesi: is, rac yvelaze metad gaSinebs - teqstSi unda axdes,
teqstma unda daaswros cxovrebas, teqstSi unda gaviaroT jojoxeTi, raTa
cxadSi ar mogviwios iq gavla...
hoda, mec vfiqrob, iqneb swored aka
morCilaZis `Seni Tavgadasavalis~ gamo
ar Semovidnen TbilisSi rusuli tankebi? am romanSi xom tankebi londonis
pikadilimdec ki miaRweven.
an egeb zazas `adibasi~ iyos is
adgili, sadac bolo naRmi afeTqdeba
saqarTveloSi?
waikiTxeT es wignebi - vinc waikiTxa, man ukve gaiara Tavisi kaTarzisi.
me Tu ara, borxess mainc daujereT.

vendoT
borxess!

Jurnalis TiTqmis
yvela gverdi CamobeWdili iyo, roca gavigeT sasixarulo cnoba
gega SalutaSvilisa da
ekaterine SveliZis ojaxSi Zeobis Sesaxeb.
vuerTdebiT yvela
milocvas da Cvenc vulocavT patara lazares
dabadebas mis Zvirfass
mSoblebs.

laSa buRaZe

37

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1-800-959-8541

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38

man samSoblosTvis sicocxle gaimeta, samSoblos mterma
- kaseturi bombi mis gasanadgureblad, samSoblom - vaxtang
gorgaslis pirveli xarisxis ordeni... daRupvis Semdeg.
erekle yuloSvili - meoTxe qveiTi brigadis saartilerio diviziis meTauri - gmirulad daeca cxinvalis misadgomebTan.
pirvelad var gmiris ojaxSi. raRac ucnauri gancdaa
- TiTqmis mouxelTebeli, sentimentebisgan, Cveulebrivi
cremlebisgan daclili, raRac gauxunari sevdiT mosili
da amaRlebuli.
gmirze, erekle yuloSvilze, misi meuRle - nino kandelaki miambobs. gverdiT oTaxSi ZiZas xelSi atatebuli
nikuSa dahyavs. nikuSa xuTi Tvisaa. mamis daRupvidan 2
Tvis Tavze moevlina qveyanas. nikuSa cqmutavs, Cvenken iwevs,
iqiT, sadac mamis gmirobis ambebs yvebian. nikuSa umamod gaizrdeba, magram mas mamis magaliTi gazrdis - sazRaprod
eqneba mamis brZola da omebi.
nikuSas iseve mouyvebian mamis gmirobas, rogorc dRes
uyvebian agvistos omamdel Tu agvistos omis ambebs - dedamiss.
nino kandelaki: „erekles Zalian kargad vicnobdi. vicodi
misi jildoebis Sesaxebac, 2004 wels miRebuli hqonda
medali mxedruli mamacobisTvis; da amave wels - gorgaslis mesame xarisxis ordeni, samaCablos movlenebis gamo;
araerTi sigeli da jildo... es yvelaferi vicodi, magram
me Cemi meuRle, rogorc samxedro, swored omis, misi daRupvis Semdeg gavicani. xalxma ramdenjerme televiziiT
mnaxa da gaigo, rom erekles meuRle var. quCaSi maCereben
erekles nacnobebi, misi kursantebi, leqtorebi, an visTanac
adre umsaxuria, maCereben da miyvebian ambebs. ai, aseTi qmari
gyavdao... TviTon erekles ar sCveoda Tavis damsaxurebaze,
gmirobaze saubari, saocrad TavSekavebuli da mokrZalebuli iyo, yvelas Tavs ayvarebda Tavisi siTboTi, megobrobiT
da arsad, arasodes, arc sufraze, arc sazogadoebaSi ar
uTqvams: iciT, me es ordeni maqvs, an es gavakeTeo“.
erekle yuloSvili mamulis dacvas Seewira, misi didi
winapari, mRvdeli mixeil yuloSvili - sarwmunoebas, Tavi
mohkveTes mahmadianebma. gmiris gmiri winapari saingiloSi,
yuloSvilebis sagvareulo sasaflaoze ganisvenebs. erekle
TbilisSi daibada, eqim mixeil yuloSvilis ojaxSi, magram
90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi, roca yvelaferi airia, roca
didi gamyinvareba daiwyo, roca Tbiliss TvalT daubnelda da aTasi juris formireba brma tyviebiT setyvavda qalaqs, SeSinebulma dedam 12-iode wlis erekle da misi da
Tbiliss gaarida. ojaxi ramdenime weli saingiloSi cxovrobda.
„uamrav saintereso ambavs miyveboda, makvirvebda. CemTvis
is samxedro iyo, oficeri, romelsac, roca samsaxuridan
urekavdnen, fexze dgeboda da ise saubrobda. gavidoda ramdenime wuTi da uceb metyoda, „ai, sofelSi, baWiebi rom
myavda“, an „boColam rom fexi itkina“... da uceb es 30
wlis kapitani patara biWi xdeboda. bavSvobaSi ezoSi asi
baWia hyavda, zaqs zrdida, goWebs zrdida... erTi goWi lekviviT hyavda miCveuli. sofelSi rom CavidodiT, es goWi
miucuxcuxdeboda, fexebTan dauwveboda, esec efereboda,
zurgs fxanda, „goWuna-goWunas“ eZaxda da Wkuaze ar iyo.
bavSvobidanve saocrad mSromeli yofila, dedas gverdSi
edga, magram amas misTvis swavlaSi xeli ar SeuSlia. icoda franguli, germanuli, Turquli, azerbaijanuli, rusuli, werda da kiTxulobda inglisuradac. saocari maTematikuri niWi hqonda. aTasebis farglebSi angariSobda

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tani
erekle yuloSvili
vaxtang gorgaslis
I da III xarisxis ordenosani,
medali mxedruli mamacobisTvis
zepirad. artileristebs sul sWirdebaT gamoTvla. poligonze kalkulators ki gamoiyeneb, magram omis dros es SeuZlebelia da amitom erekle Tavis jariskacebs gonebaSi
Tvlas aCvevda. rom hkiTxavdi, davuSvaT, 25 787 gavyoT 24
560-ze, pasuxs maqsimum 20 wamSi getyoda. xazva uyvarda...“
rogorc nino miambobs, ereklem bavSvobaSi yvelaferi
gamoscada, e.w. quCac naxa da Sromis fasic icoda, kargadac swavlobda. skolis damTavrebis Semdeg Tavdacvis akademiaSi Seiyvana mamam. mama-Svilis miznebi gadaikveTa. Svils
SeiaraReba ainteresebda, mamas undoda, Svili quCisTvis moeridebina da biWi jars gaezarda. gauzarda kidec.
nino kandelaki: „Cemi mSoblebi maSin sazRvargareT iyvnen da „skai piT“ velaparakebodi xolme. im dRes, laparaki
rom davamTavre, ratomRac ar gamovedi „skai pidan“, bediswera iyo, albaT. uceb momdis mesiji: „salami“. amdagvari
mesijebi „skai pSi“ uamravia, magram Cemi yuradReba gvarma
miiqcia. ki, naxevari kaxis raioni yuloSvilia, magram TbilisSi iSviaTad arian. garda amisa, ewera erayi, baRdadi...
ewera ara, vTqvaT, irakli, aramed erekle... mec mivesalme
da... ara aqvs mniSvneloba, sad Sedgeba Sexvedra, mTavaria,
rom Sedges. xuTi Tve vkontaqtobdiT „skai piT“, Semdeg
telefoniTac da Cveni SeuRleba manam gadawyda, sanam Camovidoda da realurad mnaxavda. me erekles davxvdi, rogorc
patarZali... cxovrebaSi kidev ufro ukeTesi iyo... Camovida 21 ivniss. arasodes damaviwydeba is wami, iReba kari da
gamodis erekle, Cemi mefe erekle. ar vici, mere ra moxda,
ramdenime wuTi ki ara, 15-20 wuTi aq ar viyavi saerTod, saCuqrebi Camomitana Zalian bevri, mTeli parkiT, moridebulad momca, saocrad moridebuli adamiani iyo... uyvarda
siurprizebis, saCuqrebis keTeba, baRdadidan moaxerxa da
saaRdgomod saCuqrad cifruli fotoaparati gamomigzavna. rogorc meuRleebi, sul 14 Tve viyaviT erTad, magram

39

misi xasiaTidan da qmedebebidan gamomdinare, es 14 Tve saukunis tolfasia. Tan am xnis manZilze umetesad poligonze iyo, xan yazarmuli, xan swavlebebi, xan samsaxuri... ar
vici, raRa darCa, magram iqidanac axerxebda yuradRebis
moqcevas da ar mqonda imis SegrZneba, rom erTi Tve erekle
ar iyo Cem gverdiT. dReSi 20-jer vrekavdiT erTmaneTTan,
uceb darekavda 21-ed, rogor xaro, mkiTxavda. me veubnebodi,
rom ai, kinos vuyureb, menatrebi. genatrebio? mkiTxavda, maSin gamiRe kario. arada vici, rom aris axalcixeSi, 25
mTis iqiT, vaReb kars - dgas talaxiT dasvrili CeqmebiT,
yvavilebiT xelSi... Camexuteboda da isev wavidoda, gamaxarebda, Zalas momcemda...“
6 agvistos ninom Cveulebisamebr gaacila qmari samsaxurSi. ereklem saRamos dareka da Seatyobina, rom Sin ver
mividoda - gorSi gamoiZaxes. televizorTan ori suli
nerviulobs - coli da jerac arSobili vaJi.
nino kandelaki: „bolos telefoniT 7 agvistos, Ramis
12-is naxevarze vesaubre. miTxra: „axla aq ar aris iseTi
situacia, rom meuRles telefoniT velaparako. araferze
inerviulo, Sens Tavsa da bavSvs gaufrTxildio“. im Rames
ukanasknelad gavige erekles xma“...
8 agvisto. dila. rusebis ieriSi cxinvalze. erekle
cxinvalis misadgomebTanaa, naZvnarSi, qveiT brigadasTan
erTad.
albaT, xvdeba, rom veRar ixilavs verc cols, verc
mSoblebs, veRarc axloblebs, megobrebs, vaJs, romelsac
sulmouTqmelad eloda... magram axla amis dro araa,
saartilerio divizias mtris mdebareobis koordinatebs
awvdis. misi miwodebuli yvela koordinati utyuaria.
mteri danakargs veRar audis. mogvianebiT dokumentebSic
Caiwereba: „meoTxe qveiTi brigadis saartilerio diviziis
meTauris, kapitan erekle yuloSvilis mier mowodebulma
koordinatebma mters mniSvnelovani zarali miayena“.
brZolis veli. erekle gmirul magaliTs aZlevs TanamebrZolebs. gadarCenili jariskacebis mexsierebaSi ase
darCeba - fiWvTan muxlebze daSvebuli, rukiTa da raciiT,
koordinatebs gadascems. da morCa. gaTavda. im adgils naxevartoniani „iskanderi“ (kaseturi bombi) daeca.
colma 10 agvistosve gaigo qmris ukvdavebis ambavi. magram erekles cxedris gadmosveneba agvistos bolomde ver
moxerxda. mere ki 4 Tve cxedris identificireba gaZnelda.
„45 cxedari gadmoasvenes. maTi amocnoba SeuZlebeli
iyo. gulis siRrmeSi mjeroda, rom am cxedrebs Soris
ereklec iqneboda. jojoxeTuri oTxi Tve gaviare. umZimesi dReebi, romelic aTas wlad meCveneboda. yovel diliT
RmerTs imas vTxovdi, meuRlis saflavi mainc maRirse-meTqi. 9 oqtomberi bednieri dRe iyo. dilis cxris naxevarze, mamis daRupvidan zustad or TveSi, qveyanas Cveni biWi moevlina. erekle ratomRac darwmunebuli iyo, rom gogo gveyoleboda. roca eqoskopiaze gviTxres, rom biWi iyo,
vkiTxe, ratom gegona, rom gogo iqneboda-meTqi. ras vifiqrebdi, rom RmerTi ase damasaCuqrebda da biWi meyolebodao, - mi pasuxa. biWs saxeli erTad SevurCieT - nikuSa. mere me Zalian mindoda erekles darqmeva, magram moZRvarma
mirCia, rac ereklesa da Sen erTad gqondaT gadawyvetili,
is daarqviTo. nikuSas Tu biWi eyoleba, RvTis wyalobiT,
erekles imas daarqmevs“.
noemberSi ojaxs „deenemis“ pasuxi mouvida da gairkva
- gmiri erekle gmirebis gverdiT ganisvenebs muxaTgverdSi.
nino kandelaki: „xSirad mikiTxavs: roca meTauri xar,
ra funqciebi gaqvs-meTqi? visac omSi waviyvan, ukan unda

40

davabrunoo. es piroba Seasrula. 400 kaci waiyvana da
400-ive ojaxs daubruna. erekles diviziidan, erekles
garda, sami oficeri da mZRoli daiRupa. erekles gverdiT
daeca aleqsandre TandaSvilic, ar moscilda. eraySi gaicnes
erTmaneTi, sul erTad iyvnen omis dReebSi. ar moSorda,
Torem erekles gverdiT ar unda yofiliyo, rogorc artileristi. 9 agvistos daiRupnen ilia bardaveliZe da giorgi kirakozaSvili. giorgi kirakozaSvili 9 agvistos
Sevida iq, sadac qarTuli jari aRar iyo. SeiZleboda, rom
ar Sesuliyo, magram is mainc Sevida da moaxerxa kidec
erTi sacecxle wertilis ganadgureba, magram Semdeg snaiperis tyvias emsxverpla da daiRupa skolis ezoSi. es 4
oficeri brZanebis gamo ki ar iyo Sesuli, vals ixdida
samSoblos winaSe, es iyo maTi movaleoba, maTi sulisa da
gulis tkivili...“
Turme ramdeni alali guli Zgerda. Turme Cvens Soris
ramdeni gmiri dadioda. zustad imdeni - ramdenic brZolis
velze daeca.

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Teimuraz ber
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medali mxedruli mamacobisTvis

1974-2008
SindisSi mtris alyaSi moqceuls, sicocxle snai perma
mouswrafa. swored iq, sadac gmirma zoiZem da misma naTliam aifeTqes Tavi, rom tyveobaSi ar Cavardniliyvnen. Sindisi Sindisfrad im dRes gmirebis sisxliT SeiReba. Temur beriZe daWrili ebrZoda mters, sanam samizne ar daades. 1974 wlis 17 maiss daibada xulos raionSi, 2008
wlis 11 agvistos ki SindisSi daeca.
manana futkaraZe, meuRle: „bolos 11 agvistos dagvireka. miTxra: samSvidoboze var gamosulio, Tumca isic miTxra,
mamaCems da bavSvebs mixedeo... Turme alyaSi iyo, SindisSi.
saaTnaxevari yofilan alyaSi... mere miTxres, roca bolos
dagireka da giTxra samSvidobos varo, mZimed daWrili yofila da kvdebodao... rkinigzasTan axlos daRupula.
meuRles saubari uWirs, dResac cremlebi axrCobs,

Cven Tanamedrove saqarTvelos gmirebs gagacnobT... 2008 wlis agvistoSi gmirulad daRupul vaJkacebs. es proeqti `praimtaimsma~
ganaxorciela da gmirebi ukvdavyo.

roca ixsenebs: „erTmaneTi kaxeTSi gavicaniT, sofel firosmanSi. stumrad viyavi Cems ZmasTan Casuli da gacnobidan
25 dReSi momitaca. rom gavicani, Tavidanve momewona, SevqmeniT
ojaxi. Zalian bednierebi viyaviT... wlisTavze SegveZina
vaJi, magram wlinaxevris rom iyo, bavSvs wnevam daartya da
metyveleba waarTva. iqidan moyolebuli misi fiqri da samomavlo gegmebi bavSvis mkurnaloba iyo, yvelafers akeTebda imisTvis, rom bavSvisTvis gvemkurnala. gegmebi bevri
hqonda, magram aRar dascalda ubedurs... biWis mere gogo
SegveZina. Zalian mosiyvarule mama iyo, Cemze metad gamoxatavda SvilebTan siyvaruls da xandaxan mgonia, rom Cemze
metad Svilebi uyvarda... Zalian uyvarda siurprizebis keTeba da amiT yovelTvis gvanebivrebda, mec da bavSvebsac.
kontraqtze Sesvla 2006 wels gadawyvita. es gadawyvetileba ki Tavad miiRo. arc vinme axlobeli gvyavda, rom
vinmes Seegulianebina da arc nacnobi, rom xeli Seewyo.
erT dResac adga, sabuTebi Seagrova da ganacxadi Seitana.
gaumarTla da miiRes. maSinve senakSi gadaanawiles. meore
qveiT brigadaSi iyo. wodebiT kaprali.
misi samomavlo gegmebic jars ukavSirdeboda. marTalia bolo periodSi cota gadaRlili iyo, magram sul imas
ambobda, am kontraqts rom davamTavreb, kidev unda gavagrZeloo, magram isic ver daamTavra da dagvtova marto...
sanam omi daiwyeboda, qobuleTSi visvenebdiT. senakidan
Camodioda xolme, CvenTan xSirad iyo. bolosac qobuleTidan 7 agvistos gavacile. saxlidan, rom gadioda, orjer
Semotrialda. bavSvebi Cakocna da mec gamomemSvidoba. or
dReSi davbrundebi, Svebulebas aviReb da kaxeTSi wavideTo,
magram omi daiwyo da... imis mere TvaliT aRar minaxavs...
bolo periodSi Zalian Cafiqrebuli iyo, rom vekiTxebodi ratom xar ase-meTqi, araferiao, mpasuxobda. arafers
ambobda... mec saerTod arafers migrZnobda guli, cudzec
ar vfiqrobdi, sanam omi daiwyeboda, magram omi rom daiwyo,
mere Zalian SemeSinda da raRac saSiSroeba vigrZeni.
telefoniT 8 agvistos velaparake, 9-Si verafriT vukavSirdebodiT, dakarguli iyo. am dros cxinvalSi yofila.
10-Si saRamos dagvireka, dagvamSvida. ukanasknelad ki 11-Si
velaparake, „samSvidobos varo“ - Turme mtris alyaSi yofila.
giJiviT daviwye rekva im satelefono saubris Semdeg
da veRar vukavSirdebodi, guli Zalian cuds migrZnobda.
ramdenime dRe gaurkvevlobaSi da molodinSi viyavi an axla darekavs an axla-meTqi, magram ukve cocxali aRar
iyo... 16 agvistos gavigeT, rom daiRupa. patriarqi rom Sevida micvalebulebis gamosayvanad, Cemi meuRlec maSin gadmoasvenes. maleve amoicnes da pirdapir kaxeTSi Camoasvenes.
ar arsebobs Rame, rom sizmarSi ar vnaxo...
cxovreba grZeldeba da me Cems Svilebs vWirdebi, maT
unda mivxedo da biWs vumkurnalo, rom jansaRi da srulfasovani vaJkaci gaizardos. Temuri gmiria. gmiri iqneba
SvilebisTvis da pirvel rigSi qveynisTvis. is wavida, magram datova saxeli, romelsac kidev didi xani ar daiviwyebs xalxi.
Temuri rom gardaicvala, Cveni patara gogona 5 wlis
iyo... bednieri ara var, magram amayi var, rom gmiris meuRle
mqvia da gmiris Svilebs vzrdi.“

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goga abramiSvili

1967-2008
mas omSi iaraRiT ar ubrZolia. magram mTeli simamaciT da TavganwirviT ibrZola. araerTi daWrilis sicocxle ixsna da goris samxedro hospitali ukanasknel amosunTqvamde ar datova - vidre naRmis anasxletma ar imsxverpla...
goga abramiSvili 1967 wels, siRnaRSi daibada. siRnaRSive izrdeboda, skolac iq daamTavra. Wkviani da warCinebuli moswavle yofila.
skolis damTavrebis Semdeg, 1985 wels, samedicino institutSi Caricxula - samkurnalo fakultetze. meore kursidan jarSi gauwveviaT da moskovTan axlos msaxurobda.
jaridan dabrunebulma swavla ganagrZo da swored maSin
gaicno momavali meuRle - nana gverdwiTeli.
nana gverdwiTeli, meuRle: „jaridan rom dabrunda, Cvens
kursze dajda. weliwadnaxevarSi davqorwindiT. tyupi
gogonebi SegveZina, gogas muSaoba uwevda. Zalian rTul periodSi gviwevda cxovreba.
Svilebi rom SegveZina, araCveulebrivi mama aRmoCnda, Zalian bednieri iyo. verc erTi ZiZa ver damexmareboda ise,
rogorc goga mexmareboda, Semdeg biWic SegveZina, mama rom
daeRupa Tengo 7 wlis iyo...“
goga abramiSvilisTvis agvistos omi pirveli ar iyo.
jer kidev studenti iyo, roca Sinidan omSi gaepara meuRles da 3 Tvis tyupebs. orjer yofila megobrebTan erTad omSi wasuli.
nana gverdwiTeli: „pirvelad ori TviT iyo wasuli, meored sami TviT. RvTis wyalobiT, mSvidobiT dabrunda.
Cven vicodiT, rom iq eqimis damxmared iyo wasuli, arada,
omSi Cveulebriv ibrZoda... institutis damTavrebis Semdeg
klinikur ordinaturaSi CavabareT, gogam qirurgiis ganxriT,
me ginekologiis ganxriT. goga klinikaSi muSaobda qirurgad... jer respublikurSi muSaobda, Semdeg poliklinikaSi,
mere gvardiaSi gadaiyvanes... savele samedicino batalionis ufrosi iyo. Semdeg euToSi muSaobda. 2008 wlidan
goris hospitalSi muSaobda travmatologad. Cemi mSoblebi

41

gorSi cxovroben da gorSi muSaobisas maTTan iyo. paraskevs modioda da orSabaTs isev gorSi midioda. bolos 22
ivliss iyo Camosuli. bavSvebi siRnaRSi iyvnen, mec maTTan
Cavedi da gogac aRar Camosula TbilisSi, cariel saxlSi
ra gavakeToo...
me Cavedi gorSi 27 ivliss da im dResve gamovbrundi.
mas mere aRar minaxavs... bavSvebi waviyvane zRvaze da mxolod telefoniT mqonda urTierToba, sul gvamSvidebda.
Cemma patara dam aikviata, gogas davurekoT da vuTxraT,
rom Zalian gviyvarso. gamecina, axla rom gogas davureko
da vuTxra, me Sen Zalian miyvarxar, mTeli cxovreba eyofa
saSayirod-meTqi. 11 agvistos, albaT, daRupvamde daaxloebiT erTi saaTiT adre yvela velaparakeT, Cveulebriv gvelaparaka, gvamSvidebda - araferi ar xdeba, nu nerviulobT,
sruli siwynareao. gavubrazdi, rogoraa mSvidoba, daiqca
qalaqi-meTqi. mainc marwmunebda, araferi xdebao...
rogorc amboben da gadmocemiT vici, Zalian bevri adamiani gadaarCina. goga hospitalSi darCa. Cemi mSoblebi
axlos cxovroben, magram ar wavida maTTan. masTan erTad,
hospitalSi erTi eqimi qali da rentgenologi iyvnen darCenili, romelic 12 saaTze wasula. goga patronobda hospitals, yvelafers uvlida da yvelafers inaxavda. Semdeg
hospitalSi misi 4 Tu 5 TanamSromeli misula, ezoSi Casula, maTTvis davalebebi rom mieca, edarajaT da ar gaZarcvuliyo hospitali. maT rom esaubreboda, erT-erTs uTqvams, davwveT, raRac Srialis xma ismiso... goga fexze idga da naRmis namsxvrevi moxvda TavSi. naRmi Camoagdes ezoSi, Senobis saxuravzec, magram iq ar afeTqda. gogam Caabnela TviTon hospitali, sinaTle arsad enTo da Zalian
gauWirdaT danaxva, vin davarda...
es ambavi diliT gavige. damirekes, cudadaa da siRnaRSi
mogvyavso.
yvelaferi gasagebi iyo... ubralod, xavss vebRauWebodi,
vfiqrobdi, daWrilia da, albaT, arsad adgili ar aris da
amitom mihyavT naoperaciebi siRnaRSi-meTqi. yvelam icoda,
rom goga aRar iyo, mxolod me da Cemma Svilebma ar vicodiT... bolo matarebliT CamovediT, radgan mas Semdeg dazianda liandagi... saR Wkuaze rom vyofiliyavi, bavSvebs ar
wamoviyvandi, mTeli gza ibombeboda...
Tengo sul im oTaxSi iyo, sadac mama esvena, ar gadioda.
Zalian emociuri bavSvia, magram am emociebs ar gamoxatavs.
me da Cems dedamTils tirilis uflebas ar gvaZlevda...
Cemi axloblebi sul cdilobdnen mis bavSvebTan gayvanas.
rogorc ki oTaxSi Semobrundeboda, ar gvaZlevda tirilis saSualebas... dResac, rodesac gogaze vlaparakob, tirilis ufleba ara maqvs...
Zalian hgavs gogas TvisebebiT da rodesac SevamCnev,
rom raime saqcielis dros Zalian hgavs da amas aRvniSnav
- ubednieresia, Zalian uxaria da es momenti Zalian xSiradaa. Tengo, mamis survilis gamo, Ziudoze SeviyvaneT...
cxrameti weli vicxovreT me da gogam erTad. dResac
ar maqvs gacnobierebuli, rom goga Cems gverdiT ar aris.
euTo, goris hospitali, TiTqos miveCvie, rom wasuli iyo
da Semdeg isev brundeboda. ver getyviT, rom ararealuri
adamiani var da zRaprebSi vcxovrob, magram minda, ase iyos“

42

levan
berZeniSvili

b aZi o

iuri baZio 1936 wlis 25 aprils
daibada, 1958 wels daamTavra uJgorodis universitetis filologiis fakulteti, 1964 wels ki ukrainis ssr
mecnierebaTa akademiis literaturis
institutis aspirantura; muSaobda zakarpaties ramdenime skolaSi maswavleblad; eweoda aqtiur sazogadoebriv
cxovrebas; iyo SemoqmedebiTi axalgazrdobis klubis wevri. xruSCoviseuli `ottepelis~ dros komunistur
partiaSi Sevida, magram sxvadasxva disidentur aqciaSi monawileobis gamo,
1965 wels garicxes partiis rigebidan da `bunebrivad~ CamoarTves maswavleblobis ufleba.
sakuTari profesiiT muSaobis ufleba rom dakarga, mtvirTavad moewyo
puris maRaziaSi. amave periodSi daiwyo
iatakqveSa moRvaweoba, samizdatis gavrceleba da a.S. 1972 wlidan muSaobda
Tavisi cxovrebis mTavar wignze - `sicocxlis ufleba~. 1977 wels, rodesac
wigni ukve praqtikulad dasrulebuli
iyo, sabWoTa uSiSroebam xelnaweri
migzavnili `sayvareli~ qalis xeliT
moi para da xangrZlivi depresiis, sastiki gulgatexilobis Semdeg baZiom
misi xelaxla wera daiwyo.
disidenturi moRvaweobisTvis daapatimres 1979 wels. sasamarTlom mas
70-e muxlis maqsimumi, Svidi weli
kolonia da xuTi weli gadasaxleba
miusaja. sasjels ixdida dubravlagSi,
Cvens sayvarel politikur banakSi.
baraSevos politikur banakSi rom
movxvdiT, Cemi da daTos pirveli STabeWdileba iyo, rom raRac gardamaval
sadgurSi SevediT (iqneb es iyo saidumloTi moculi adgili, romelsac
etapirebis saSualedo, e.w. peresilkis
cixeebSi karantinad moixsenebdnen gamocdili patimrebi?). In primo specie,
anu pirveli SexedviT, baraSevo aranairad ar Seesabameboda Cvens warmodgenebs politikur zonaze. pirveli, rac
TvalSi mogvxvda, iyo wiTeli vardebi,
e.w. `damxvedri komisia~ da Zalian
seriozuli kaci, romelsac Cvenken arc
gamouxedavs, romelsac merxze magidis
saaTi edo da TavdaviwyebiT muSaobda:
ori wigni hqonda gadaSlili da raRacas gamalebiT werda da werda.
damxvedrma komisiam Tavisi tradiciuli kiTxvebis dasma daiwyo da
Cvenc gvqonda Semxvedri kiTxva im
kacze, romelic TavauReblad muSaobda.
giorgi xomizurma gviTxra, - iuri baZio hqvia, ukraineli social-demokratia, kargi kacia, magram muSaobis dros
masTan dalaparakeba ki ara, sam nabij-

am cota xnis win, okeanis Tavze xangrZlivi frenis dros amekviata kiTxvebi: vin iyo yvelaze mxiaruli adamiani, vinc ki cxovrebaSi Semxvedria? an
kidev ufro saintereso: vin iyo yvelaze seriozuli kaci, romelic cxovrebis
gzaze odesme Semxvedria? arc ise martivi kiTxvebi aRmoCnda. Tumca, `mxiarulebSi~ nominaciebic SedarebiT advilad ganawilda da gamarjvebulic
iolad gamovlinda - frenis meore Tu mesame saaTze gaimarjva Cemma dauviwyarma pedagogma, Cveni qveynis istoriaSi saukeTeso laTinistma, iona meunargias SviliSvilma, irakli Sengeliam, romelsac bavSvoba da axalgazrdobis
saukeTeso wlebi yazaxeTis gadasaxlebasa da gulagSi hqonda gatarebuli
da romlis filosofiuri bonvivanoba, gansakuTrebuli, specifikurad qarTuli
mxiaruleba, romelic, rogorc uCveulo da gamorCeuli fenomeni, ase kargad
aRwera irakli Sengelias konkurentma amave nominaciaSi, dauviwyarma merab
mamardaSvilma, calke gamokvlevas imsaxurebs.
gansakuTrebuli rigi dadga `yvelaze seriozulis~ nominaciaSi. aq Tavisi adgilebi daikaves, erTi mxriv, Cemma erTaderTma gaucinarma pedagogma,
grigol xanZTelis specialistma da misma sulierma klonma (Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitis maswavleblebis, studentebisa da kursdamTavrebulebisTvis, iolad sacnobi profesoria); meore mxriv, Cemma usityvo parikmaxerma, romlis ojaxSic 1915 wlis Semdeg ar gauciniaT; mesame mxriv, Cemma
pirquSma mezobelma, romelmac mezobels `gamarjoba~ ukanasknelad oci wlis
win uTxra da, meoTxe mxriv, Cemma Tanazonelma politikur banakSi, iuri
baZiom. da frenis meaTe saaTze seriozulobis `gremi~ da `oskari~ sruliad damsaxurebulad mieniWa iuri vasilis Ze baZios, mtkice politpatimars,
SimSilobisa da patimarTa uflebebisTvis brZolis promeTes, ukrainis demokratiuli partiis damfuZnebels da pirvel Tavmjdomares.
ze miaxloebac ki ar SeiZlebao. axla
Tavis wignze muSaobs, ramdenime wuTis
Semdeg Sesvenebis gareSe gadava inglisuri enis Seswavlaze da zustad 45
wuTis Semdeg aseve Sesvenebis gareSe
gadava germanulzeo. drois mdinarebas
ki amcnobs maRviZara, romelsac sagangebod dabal xmaze ayenebs xolmeo.
- saaTi saidan aqvs, zonaSi saaTi
SeiZleba? - vikiTxe me da guli damwyda,
erTi saaTi rogor ar maqvs-meTqi.
- ara, saaTi ar SeiZleba. mag erTi
saaTisTvis baZiom 675 saaTi anu zustad oTxi kvira da sami saaTi iSimSila. didi saqme gaakeTa, maRviZariani
saaTi brZoliT moipova da isic yovel
45 wuTSi patiosnad atyobinebs, rom
samuSao fronti unda Secvalos: partia-filosofia-inglisuri-germanuli.
romeliRac momentSi Tu dagainteresebs, romeli saaTia, sami varianti gaqvs:
an baZios saaTs unda Sexedo Soridan,
an barakSi Sexvide da radios daugdo
yuri (sul male mTeli magaTi ganrigi zepirad gecodineba), an andersonTan
unda Seiaro biblioTekaSi da is originaluri `balaxis saaTiT~ getyvis
zust dros. ukidures SemTxvevaSi, SegiZlia arkadi dudkins mimarTo, weliwads nu hkiTxav da saaTi ar eSleba.
ase `gavicaniT~ Soridan zonaSi Casvlis pirvelsave dRes iuri vasilis
Ze baZio. mis gamxdar da fermkrTal
siluets axlac vxedav da yovelTvis

maxsendeba, rodesac raime aucileblis gakeTeba mezareba, magram mainc
aucileblad unda movkido xeli.
rusebis Semdeg politikur banakSi
yvelaze farTod ukrainelebi iyvnen
warmodgenili: uJgorodeli socialdemokrati iuri vasilis Ze baZio, ivanofrankovskeli maswavlebeli da ganaTlebis sistemis reformatori vasili
stefanes Ze strilcevi, kieveli teqnikur mecnierebaTa kandidati vladimer petres Ze deledivka, dnepropetrovskeli inJineri grigori fokas Ze niCiporenko, Jitomireli maswavlebeli dimitri dimitris Ze mazuri, kievis olqis
sofel ivanivkeli maiori grigori petres Ze kucenko da bevri sxva.
ukrainis uSiSroebas im periodSi
Tavisi sisastikiT da ucnauri gvariT
saxelganTqmuli stepan nesteris Ze
muxa xelmZRvanelobda da Tanamemamule
disidentebisTvis sasjels ar iSurebda,
Cem mier CamoTvlil TiTqmis yvela patimars samocdameaTe (ukrainuli sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis samocdameore) muxliT sasjelis maqsimumi hqonda
misjili, saxelganTqmuli `Svids plus
xuTi~ (Svidi weli kolonia da xuTi
weli gadasaxleba).
ukraineli patimrebis 100% nacionalisti iyo anu ukrainis damoukideblobisTvis ibrZoda; gamonakliss Seadgendnen mxolod ukraineli rusebi (kieveli fridrix anu fred fili pes Ze

43

anadenko da odeseli petre aleqsandres
Ze butovi). ukrainelebi erTmaneTTan
gansakuTrebiT axlos iyvnen, erTmaneTs
patronobdnen, uvlidnen da ukanasknel
lukmas uyofdnen. rusebisgan gansxvavebiT, baraSevoel ukrainelebs aSkara
da gamokveTili lideri hyavdaT, TiToeuli maTgani aRiarebda iuri baZios
avtoritets, romelic mas did da patara zonaSi, anu gare da Sida zonaSi
(Tavisuflebasa da patimrobaSi) gmirul brZolaSi hqonda mopovebuli.
zonaSi moxvedrisTanave baZiom werilebis wera daiwyo ukrainul enaze.
qalbatoni cenzori ganiCenko, romelsac
ukraineli qmari hyavda, cxovrebis meti wili dasavleT ukrainaSi hqonda
gatarebuli da ukrainuli ena mSvenivrad icoda, baZios yvela werils ukan
ubrunebda cinikuri warweriT, `gaugebari ena~. baZio ukan ar ixevda da
isev ukrainulad werda. is ambavi, rom
baZios col-Svils misi werilebi ar
misdioda, ganiCenkos ar aRelvebda, waikiTxavda baZios moculobiT werils,
miawerda, - gaugebari enaao, - da ukan
daubrunebda. ase grZeldeboda manam,
vidre ukve perestroikis xanaSi qarTvelebis wamowyeba - mSobliur enaze werilebis wera - warmatebiT ar dagvirgvinda da baraSevodan daiwyo ukrainuli, litvuri, latviuri, estonuri
Tu somxuri werilebis gmiruli svla
adresatebamde.
rogorc ki nacionalur enebze weris
ufleba gamocxadda, iuri baZio CvenTan
movida, ori naWeri ukrainuli `sala~
da kievidan gamogzavnili namdvili
Savi puris mozrdili naWeri mogvitana, magari CaiT erovnuli TavisuflebisTvis brZolis sadRegrZelo ukrainulad warmoTqva da gvTxova, sapasuxo sadRegrZelo qarTulad gveTqva.
sadRegrZelos mosasmenad ukrainuli
delegacia sruli SemadgenlobiT gamocxadda. bunebrivia, qarTvelebic iqve
gaCndnen. aTi wlis asakidan qarTul
sufraze gazrdili kaci var (aTi wlis
rom viyavi, biZaCemi Tavis saZmakacoSi
Tamadad mniSnavda da grZel-grZel sadRegrZeloebs maTqmevinebda xolme) da,
bunebrivia, bevri cudi, gacveTili, aragulwrfeli da mxolod ramdenime kargi sadRegrZelo miTqvams, magram, mWevrmetyvelebiT, baraSevoSi ukrainelebis
winaSe qarTulad naTqvam sadRegrZelos
verc erTi ver Seedreboda: imodena
sadRegrZelo iyo, rom Cai gacivda, strilcevi aRelvebisgan cudad gaxda
da niCi porenkom cremlebi moiwminda.
im dRidan vicodiT, rom baZio Cveni

44

megobari iyo, Tumca amas misi dRis
wesrigi ar Seucvlia.
baraSevos politikuri banakis samecniero wris xelmZRvanelis, vadim iankovis wamowyeba stabilurad damkvidrda: yovelkvireuli leqciebis cikli
xan erovnul kulturebs exeboda, xanac
politikur Teoriebs. am seminarebze
baZiom waikiTxa moxseneba partiuli
mSeneblobis Sesaxeb, romelSic warmoadgina komunisturi partiis antipodis,
mis mier Camosayalibebeli ukrainis
demokratiuli partiis portreti.
Zalian vwuxvar, rom Cvens `yovlismcodne~, gansakuTrebiT, axalgazrda Teoretikosebs ar aqvT saSualeba baZios am zepir moxsenebas gaecnon. moxseneba-meTqi, vTqvi, magram, sinamdvileSi,
es iyo ion-sokratuli dialogi, romelSic sokrates roli - baZiom, xolo
gulubryvilo da TviTdajerebuli ionis roli me Sevasrule.
- saRamo mSvidobisa, sayvarelo aTenelo xalxo, saRamo mSvidobisa, ion,
saRamo mSvidobisa Cveni simSvidis mcvelebo, batono vertuxaebo anu zedamxedvelebo, ukacravad, kontroliorebo, mSvidad daiwyo baZio-sokratem.
- kidev kargi, rom Cvens zedamxedvelebs Seni ar esmiT, Cemo sokrate, - Sevapare sityva ion-levanma.
- Cemi ar esmiT, Tu Cemi ar esmiT?
- cbierad ikiTxa sokratem da or `ar
esmiTSi~ sruliad gansxvavebuli intonaciebi Cado.
- arc esmiT da arc esmiT, - ar CamorCa ironiaSi did maswavlebels ioni.
- mTavaria, Sen xom gesmis, Cemo ion.
maS, Sen ambob, rom megobrebTan erTad
ase axalgazrdam politikuri partia
Seqmeni?
- diax, Cemo sokrate, xalxi da `wminda werili~ anu sabraldebo daskvnaa
mowme, rom saqarTvelos respublikuri
partia oTxma kacma SevqmeniT da am
partiis SemoqmedTa saSualo asaki 22,5
welia, - swrafad viangariSe oTxi damfuZnebeli wevris saSualo asaki 1978
wlis 21 maisisTvis.
- SesaniSnavi asakia fexburTis saTamaSod, - pirveli kbena ganaxorciela
erTi SexedviT uwyinarma sokratem.
- vaprotesteb, Zv.w. mexuTe saukuneSi fexburTi ar iyo, - aRelda erTerTi `aTeneli~ Jora xomizuri, romlis
codna fexburTSi, mgoni, swored am da
im faqtiT amoiwureboda, rom erTxel
Tbilisis `dinamom~ erevnis `ararats~
aTi kacis SemadgenlobiT 4:1 mougo
gasvlaze, erevnis saxelganTqmul `razdanis~ stadionze.

- siwynare agoraze, - mouwoda damswre sazogadoebas sokratem, - vasworeb: SesaniSnavi asakia olimpiur TamaSebSi monawileobisTvis, magram ara seriozuli politpartiis Sesaqmnelad.
- asea Tu ise, partia SevqmeniT da
saxelmwifo mandaturebma pativi gvces,
sasjeli swored amisTvis dagvades, mokrZalebulad ganacxada ionma.
- ra mizans isaxavs Tqveni partia?
- dainteresda sokrate.
- komunisturi wyobis dasrulebas,
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis mopovebas da demokratiis damkvidrebas, Tamamad Camoayaliba norCi politikuri partiis mokrZalebuli programa.
- es berZeni kaci saqarTvelosTvis
ram gadagria? - ikiTxa arabunebrivma
da gaucinarma sokratem.
- didi sokrate Tu didi ukrainisTvis iRwvis, patara ionma da patara
saqarTvelom raRa daaSaves?
- maS, samive, ara? dekomunizaciac,
damoukideblobac da demokratiac? ikiTxa auRelvebelma sokratem.
- diaxac, RmerTi samobiTaa!
- Cven, berZnebs, sami ki ara, sami aTasi RmerTi gvyavs, marto olimpieli
Tormeti gvyavs, rom araferi vTqvaT
araolimpiel da sxva RmerTebze, - erTarseba sami jer ar dabadebula, ufro sworad, jer aravis uTqvams, rom daibada.
- nu davwvrilmandebiT, sokrate.
- mag naTel miznebs rom miaRwevT,
komunisturi wyoba rom daemxoba, saqarTvelo damoukidebeli da demokratiuli rom gaxdeba, partias gaauqmebT? ikiTxa sokratem.
- gaimeore, Cemo sokrate!
- mSvenivrad gaige, rac gkiTxe.
- gagebiT rogor ar gavige, magram
yurs siamovnebs es oqros sityvebi.
- komunistebi ar arian, saqarTvelo
gaeros wevria, regularurad tardeba
patiosani arCevnebi, - patiosnad daxata futurumi sokratem, - am dros ras
Svreba saqarTvelos respublikuri partia? TviTlikvidacias acxadebs, Tu
miznebs icvlis? pirdapir mi pasuxe,
Cemo ion, mikib-mokibvis gareSe.
- miznebs icvlis, - iolad daeTanxma Tavisuflebis da demokratiis cidan Camovardnis nayofier ideas gamoucdeli ioni.
- da axal miznebs isaxavs? - gulubryvilod ikiTxa sokratem.
- diaxac, axal viTarebaSi axal miznebs isaxavs, - ar daibna ioni.
- xom ar ajobebda, Tavidanve is `axali~, Soreuli miznebi dagesaxaT, ion?
- SeparviT ikiTxa sokratem.

- daiWira, daiWira, - ver damala
aRfrTovaneba erT-erTma `aTenelma kacma~, vadim iankovma.
- politikuri partia aris sazogadoebrivi organizacia, romelic sakuTar Tavs usaxavs saxelmwifo Zalauflebis dauflebis, misi SenarCunebisa
da ama Tu im sazogadoebrivi fenis
interesebisTvis saxelmwifo aparatis
gamoyenebis amocanas. is monawileobs
saarCevno kampaniebSi, eweva saganmanaTleblo-programul saqmianobas, gamoxatavs
politikur protests. ase ar aris,
Cemo ion? - ikiTxa sokratem.
- amomwurav ganmartebas hgavs, Cemo
sokrate, saxelganTqmuli `britanikis~
redaqtorebsac ki SeSurdebodaT Seni,
oRond, erTi SexedviT, Seni definicia
yvela politikur sistemas ar Seesabameba.
- mesmis, Cemo ion, Sen axla ityvi,
rom erTpartiul politikur sistemaSi politikuri partia protests ar
gamoxatavs. amis Tqma gsurda? - Tvalebis moWutviT ikiTxa sokratem.
- Cems gulSi zixar, sayvarelo sokrate, - ar damala aRfrTovaneba ionma.
- modi, SevTanxmdeT, sayvarelo ion
da aTenelo kacebo, rom erTpartiuli
sistema politikuri sistema ki ara,
politikuri sapyrobilea, romelSic
sxva partiebi akrZaluli, dapatimrebuli an kulturis muSakebad an kidev
dosaafad gadaRebilebi arian. primitiuli politikuri sistema, rogorc
istoriuli drama, iwyeba meore sruluflebiani politikuri partiis gaCeniT da mTavrdeba ganviTarebuli politikuri sistemis - mravalpartiuli,
pluralisturi politikuri garemos,
srulferadovani politikuri speqtris
CamoyalibebiT.
- kargia, zedamxedvelebs rom arc
esmiT (yurs ar gigdeben) da arc esmiT
Seni (gulTan axlos ar miaqvT Seni
sityvebi), Zvirfaso sokrate. sul cota,
damatebiT rva weliwads `qaCavs~ Seni
saxelmwifo-samarTlebrivi Teoria, guluxvad gaimeta axali ganaCeni sokratesTvis ionma.
- sul xuTi tipis idealuri partia
arsebobs, - ar cxreboda tradiciuli
berZnuli mWevrmetyvelebis eSxSi Sesuli sokrate, - elitis partia, saxalxomasobrivi partia, eTnikuri mimarTulebis partia, saarCevno gaerTianeba da
ama Tu im moZraobis partia. TiToeul maTgans Tavisi ganayofi aqvs, magaliTad, saarCevno gaerTianebebi iyofa
individualur, umravlesobis partiad
(ingl. catch-all), an programul gaerTianebad. amerikis SeerTebuli State-

bis demokratiuli partia umravlesobis partiaa, xolo amerikis respublikuri partia programuli gaerTianebaa. axla mi pasuxe, Cemo ion, Tqveni
pirmSo, saqarTvelos respublikuri partia romeli idealuri tipis partiaa?
- amaze arasodes mifiqria, Cemo sokrate, magram axla rom vuyureb, SemiZlia vTqva, rom arc saxalxo-masobrivi partiaa, arc viwro eTnikuri mimarTulebisaa da arc saarCevno gaerTianebas warmoadgens, radgan Soria arCevnebamde saqarTveloSi. Tu meti partia
ar arsebobs (rogor SemiZlia eWvi
Sevitano Sens analizSi?!) gamodis, elitis partia yofila.
- ese igi, gesmis, rom Zneli gza
geliT, sanam nacionalur mxardaWeras
moi povebT. kargi isaa, rom substanciurad pluralistuli gaerTianeba CamogiyalibebiaT. ormoci wlis Semdeg
geqnebaT pirveli namdvili warmateba.
- ra ambavia, sokrate, cota moukeli,
- suli daexuTa ormocwliani perspeqtiviT ions.
- Tu kargad ar moiqcevi, movukleb
ki ara, movumateb. met-naklebad demokratiul garemos vxedav oqtombris gadatrialebis asi wlisTavisTvis, 2017
wlisTvis. ramdeni wlis iqnebi mag dros?
- samocdaoTxis, Cemo sokrate. es
ricxvi ar momwons, dido adamiano, Tavis
droze jon lenonma imRera, magdenis
viqnebio da im avadmyofma mark devid
Cepmenma gacilebiT ufro axalgazrda,
40 wlisa mokla.
- unda iTqvas, rom ambiciebisTvis
jibeSi ar Caiyof xels, Cemo ion, - ganacxada TviTaRiarebulma `zonis nomerma pirvelma bitlomanma~ sokratem, magram samarTlianoba moiTxovs aRiniSnos, rom, jer erTi, es simRera polma
dawera da ara jonma, es, sxvaTa Soris,
polis pirveli xuTi simReridan erTerTia. rac Seexeba pol makartnis, madloba RmerTs, cocxalia da samocdaoTxs ki ara asoTxsac miaRwevs. Sen
Tayvanismcemeli ar mogklavs. Tayvanismcemlebma, Tuki aseTebi geyoleba, SeiZleba guli gatkinon, magram ar mogklaven. kidev geqneba dro, Seni qveynis
silamaziT, TavisuflebiT da demokratiiT datkbe, pensioneri rom iqnebi.
- manamde Zalian didi droa.
- partiis finansebze minda dagelaparako, ion. amodena partias rom qmnidiT, am sakiTxzec dafiqrdebodiT.
- partiis dafinanseba Sedgeba sawevrosa da TanamgrZnobi moqalaqeebis Semowirulobebisgan, - ganacxada ionma
da gaixsena, ra gasaWiri adga yovelTvis,

roca sawevro disci plinaze alaparakdeboda mSobliur partiaSi.
- sul ramdeni wevri gyavT partiaSi? - moiTxova konfidencialuri informaciis gasajaroeba sokratem.
- davuSvaT, samasi.
- sawevrosTvis ra Tanxa gaqvT gansazRvruli?
- davuSvaT, maneTi.
- samasi weli gava, sanam samasi kacisgan TiTo maneTis akrefas SeZlebT, ende Cems mware gamocdilebas, axalgazrda ion. Semowirulobebis imedi gaqvs?
- calkeuli Tavisufali biznesmeni
Semogvwiravs, Cemo sokrate.
- mag nawilSic didad imedianad nu
iqnebi, Wabuko.
- aba ra vqnaT, amxanag staliniviT
banki gavZarcvoT? - aRelda partiuli finansebis gareSe darCenili ioni,
romelmac kargad icoda, rom amxanagi
stalini ara marto bankebs Zarcvavda,
aramed politikur gadasaxlebaSi kriminalebs eyrdnoboda politikur metoqeebTan brZolaSi, raSic partiulma
megobrebma araerTxel dasdes brali.
- da mSobliur saxelmwifos ratom
aTavisufleb am pasuxismgeblobisgan,
Zvirfaso ion? viTom ratom ar unda
gadauxados saxelmwifom ama Tu im
metnaklebad seriozul politikur partias, romelic arCevnebSi Sedegs aCvenebs da garkveul, kanonis mier winaswar dadgenil bariers gadalaxavs, fuli saxelmwifo biujetis specialuri
muxlidan, romelic pluralizmis ganviTarebas moxmardeba? - ikiTxa sokratem da aTeneli kacebis seriozuli
mRelvareba gamoiwvia.
- ra utopiaa! - gulwrfelad aRelda vadim iankovi. - aseT rames me ver
moveswrebi!
- marTlac, ruseTSi eg rodis iqneba,
CemTvisac ucnobia, magram ukrainis da,
gansakuTrebiT, saqarTvelos biujets
es ar daamZimebs, amaSi darwmunebuli
var. partiebis stabiluroba da ucxoeTisgan, magaliTad, ruseTisgan, rogorc
yofili metropoliisgan damoukidebloba saqarTvelos da ukrainisnairma
saxelmwifom Tavisi biujetiT unda
uzrunvelyos, es mis interesebSi iqneba da odesme Cvens niadagzec aRmocendeba iseTi saxelmwifo, romelic Tavis
interesebze izrunebs.
es sokratuli dialogi dramatulad ganviTarda, movardnen ratomRac
ganrisxebuli mTvrali zedamxedvelebi,
trimazkini, trifonovi da kiseliovi,
dialogis uSualo monawileebs, sokratesa da ions, aseve arbitr iankovsa

45

da Jora xomizurs 15-15 dRe sajarimo izolatori gamoucxades da saxelganTqmul `berZnebs~ Tavisi saxelmwifoebrivi Tu antisaxelmwifoebrivi dialogis dasruleba ukve sajarimo izolatorSi, anu SizoSi mouwiaT.
am ramdenime xnis win TbilisSi
erT-erTi politikuri SimSilobis
dros moSimSileebi cudad rom gaxdnen,
TiTqmis mTlianad aRmidga mexsierebaSi didi xnis daviwyebuli iuri baZios SesaniSnavi naSromi `politikuri
SimSilobis principebi~, romelic xelnawerSi maqvs wakiTxuli (miuxedavad
imisa, rom Zalian mawvalebda ukrainuli ena da ama Tu im sityvis mniSvnelobis dasadgenad xan valodia deledivkasTan gavrbodi da xanac griSa
niCiporenkosTan). am, me vityodi,ukvdavi
naSromis, politikuri protestis am
erT-erTi qmediTi iaraRis saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTadi debulebebi mravalgzisi
da mravaldRiani sveli Tu mSrali
SimSilobis didostat patimars sakuTar Tavze hqonda gamocdili.
baZios mixedviT, SimSiloba, anu rogorc igi mas axasiaTebda, `araZaladobrivi brZolis dedofali~ sul sami
saxisaa, Cveulebrivi (nebismier sakvebze
uaris Tqma), mSrali (sakvebTan erTad
wyalze uaris Tqmac) da nawilobrivi
(TiTqmis yvelaferze uaris Tqma, magaliTad, mxolod `cota pursa da wyalze~ gadasvla an garkveul sakvebze uaris Tqma, magaliTad, `saxelmwifo proviziaze~ uaris Tqma da mxolod naTesavebis mier gamogzavnili amanaTebiT
dakmayofileba - SimSilobis am saxeobas qarTul cixeebSi wlebis ganmavlobaSi mimarTavdnen qarTveli politpatimrebi. zviad ZiZigurs CemTvis araerTgzis uTqvams, - cixis sakvebis gemo arc
vici, arc me da arc sxva zviadistebi
saxelmwifo provizias saerTod ar
gavkarebivarTo).
baZio SimSilobis oTx mizezs asaxelebda: politikurs, socialurs, ekonomikursa da pirads. dabolos, monawileTa raodenobis mixedviT da aRiarebuli klasifikaciiT, SimSilobebi
SeiZleba iyos individualuri da masobrivi. mSrali SimSilobis (absoluturi SimSilobis) sami dRis Semdeg organizmSi iwyeba ketozis procesi (saxelganTqmuli unaxSirwylo anu atkinsis
dietis adeptebma kargad ician, rom am
SemTxvevaSi energetikul sawvavad organizmi gamoiyenebs ara RviZlSi dagrovil glukogens, aramed sakuTar cxims),
Tumca sami-oTxi dRis mSrali SimSiloba saSiSi ar aris, radgan organiz-

46

mi isedac gamohyofs yoveldRiurad
erT litramde endogenur wyals cximebis daSlis Sedegad, mxolod 5 dRis
mSrali SimSilobis Semdeg organizmSi
iwyeba Seuqcevadi procesebi, upirveles
yovlisa, dartymis obieqti xdeba Tirkmeli, RviZli da guli.
baZios mixedviT, xangrZlivi da `nayofieri~ politikuri SimSilobis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia SimSilobis pirveli sami dRe mSrali iyos,
xolo meoTxe dRidan daiwyos sasmeli wylis miReba.
imisTvis, rom orkvirian SimSilobas
kargad gaarTva Tavi, saWiroa, mosamzadebel periodSi Catarebuli gqondes
erT, sam da SviddRiani SimSilobebi.
SimSilobis mosamzadebeli erTTviani
periodi yvela patimarma unda gaiaros. igi iwyeba erTdRiani SimSilobiT,
magaliTad - romelime orSabaTs. Semdeg
kviraSi kvlav erTdRiani SimSiloba
(isev orSabaTi), momdevno kviras ukve
samdRiani (orSabaTi-oTxSabaTi), xolo
kidev erT kviraSi - SviddRiani (orSabaTi-kvira). mxolod aseTi mosamzadebeli erTi Tvis Semdeg aris mzad patimari axali gamocdisaTvis, samdRiani mSrali SimSilobisTvis. Tuki adamians gamocdili aqvs SviddRiani SimSiloba da samdRiani mSrali SimSiloba, igi moralurad da fizikurad mzadaa
orkviriani SimSilobisTvis, romlis
pirveli sami dRe mSrali iqneba. iuri
baZios mixedviT, aseTi gansacdelis
Semdeg adamiani mzadaa 45-dRiani SimSilobisTvisac ki. misi piradi rekordi
63 dRe iyo, da es orTviani SimSiloba man saidumlod, gamoucxadeblad Caatara, vinaidan sabWoTa penitenciuri
sistema politikur SimSilobas ar
aRiarebda da gamocxadebidan erT kviraSi moSimSilis iZulebiT kvebaze
gadadioda.
1986 wlis 23 seqtembers TeTri
saxlis win SimSiloba daiwyo amerikelma astrofizikosma Carlz haiderma,
romelmac, sabWoTa televizias Tu davujerebT, 218 dRe iSimSila. SemdgomSi
gairkva, rom es haideris da sabWoTa
Cekisti `Jurnalistis~, vaSingtonSi
`gosteleradios~ korespondentis, vladimir dunaevis mier Seqmnili miTi
iyo (haideri iSviaTad Cndeboda TeTri
saxlis win, magram SimSilobis permanentulobis iluziis Sesaqmnelad Jurnalisti dunaevi amerikeli mecnieris
gamoCenisTanave ramdenjerme gadaiRebda xolme reiganisgan ganiaraRebis momTxovn moproteste astrofizikoss da
amisTvis Tavad kostiumebs icvlida

xolme. didi xnis Semdeg mamis afioris Sesaxeb sazogadoebas dunaevis Svilma amcno). es sabWoTa kavSirSi imdenad gaxmaurebuli piar-aqcia iyo (amerikaSi misTvis aravis miuqcevia yuradReba), rom sabWoTa kavSiris komunisturi partiis generalurma mdivanma, mixail gorbaCovma amerikel `disidents~
mxardaWeris werilic ki miswera (amas
xeli ar SeuSlia amerikeli profesorisTvis ramdenime xnis Semdeg mkveTri
antisabWoTa poziciiT gamosuliyo).
haideri, sinamdvileSi, ra Tqma unda, ar
SimSilobda, Tumca Warbi wonis gamo,
eqimebi Zalian mkacr dietas urCevdnen.
baZiom erTi Sexeda sainformacio gadacema `vremiaSi~ amerikel `disident~
doqtor haiders da ganacxada, - es kaci ar SimSilobs, saxeze aweria, wvenebsa
da vitaminebze ziso.
iuri baZio 1988 wels gadasaxlebidan gaTavisuflda da gadavida kievSi,
sadac daiwyo komunisturi partiis
opoziciuri, demokratiuli partiis
Camoyalibeba.
1990 wlis gazafxulisTvis baZiom
SeimuSava dokumenti `ukrainis demokratiuli partiis manifesti~. 1990
wlis 14 maiss kievSi Catarda dempartiis Camomyalibebeli konferencia, romelmac gadaamuSava baZios manifesti
da miiRo rogorc demokratiuli partiis fuZemdebluri dokumenti. 1990
wlis damfuZnebel yrilobaze iuri
baZio airCies partiis xelmZRvanelad.
rogorc ki Tavisi qveynis istoriaSi meore partiis Camoyalibebis saqme
bolomde miiyvana, 1992 wlidan wavida politikidan. ukrainis mier damoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg baZios
daubrunes misi wignis xelnaweri da
man Tavisi cxovrebis mTavari saqme,
rogorc iqna, daasrula - `sicocxlis
ufleba~ gamosca 1996 wels. es meoce
saukunis wignebidan erT-erTi yvelaze
seriozuli wignia da ukve Targmnilia
msoflios oc enaze. 2005 wels ukrainis prezidentma iuSCenkom iuri baZios
gadasca specialuri medali damsaxurebisTvis.
amJamad iuri baZio muSaobs samecniero TanamSromlad ukrainis mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis filosofiis
institutSi. SesaZloa, am institutis
TanamSromelTa didma nawilma arc icodes, Tu ra adamianis gverdiT uwevT
cxovreba da Sroma. Cven, ubralo mokvdavebs, SegviZlia warmovidginoT, kaci
gamoucxadeblad 63 dRe rom iSimSilebs, ramden rames gaakeTebs zedmeti
afiSirebis gareSe.

boroteba RmerTis ararsebobaa!
erTxel erTma Wkvianma profesorma
universitetSi kiTxva dausva erT students.
profesori: RmerTi kargia?
studenti: diax.
profesori: eSmaki?
studenti: ara.
profesori: marTalia. maSin mipasuxe,
arsebobs Tu ara dedamiwaze boroteba?
studenti: diax.
profesori: boroteba yvelganaa, xom
marTalia? da RmerTma Seqmna yvelaferi, asea?
studenti: diax.
profesori: da vin Seqmna boroteba?
studenti: …
profesori: planetaze arsebobs simaxinje, avadmyofoba, uvicoba, kadniereba.
es yvelaferi arsebobs, xom marTalia?
studenti: diax, ser.
profesori: vin Seqmna isini?
studenti: …
profesori: mecniereba amtkicebs, rom
adamians aqvs 5 grZnoba imisTvis, rom
gamoikvlios samyaro. miTxari, Svilo,
Sen ginaxavs odesme RmerTi?
studenti: ara, ser.
profesori: gagigia misi xma?
studenti: ara, ser.
profesori: SegigrZvnia odesme? gagisinjavs misi gemo? giynosia?
studenti: vSiSob, rom ara, ser.
profesori: da Sen mainc gjera misi?
studenti: diax.
profesori: miRebuli Sedegebidan
gamomdinare, mecnierebas SeuZlia ganacxados, rom RmerTi ar arsebobs. SegiZlia raimeTi SeewinaaRmdego am ganacxads?
studenti: ara, profesoro, me maqvs
mxolod rwmena.
profesori: sworedac! rwmena - es
aris mecnierebis mTavari problema.
studenti: profesoro, sicive arsebobs?
profesori: es ra kiTxvaa? ra Tqma
unda, arsebobs. Sen arasdros Segcivnia?
(studentebs axalgazrdas kiTxvaze
gaecinaT)
studenti: sinamdvileSi, ser, sicive
ar arsebobs. fizikis kanonebidan gamomdinare, is, rac Cven sicived migvaCnia,
sinamdvileSi aris siTbos ararseboba.
adamiani an sagani Cven SegviZlia gamovikvlioT imaze, aqvs da gadascems Tu
ara is energias. absoluturi nuli
(–273°C) aris siTbos sruli ararseboba. mTeli materia xdeba inertuli

albert
ainStaini

da ar SeuZlia reagireba am temperaturaze. sicive ar arsebobs. Cven SevqmeniT es sityva imisTvis, rom aRvweroT,
ras vgrZnobT siTbos arqonis dros.
(auditoriaSi siCume Camovarda).
studenti: profesoro, sibnele arsebobs?
profesori: ra Tqma unda. ra aris
Rame, Tu ara sibnele?!
studenti: Tqven isev ar xarT marTali, ser. sibnele agreTve ar arsebobs.
is sinamdvileSi sinaTlis ararsebobaa.
Cven SegviZlia SeviswavloT sinaTle,
magram sibnele - vera. Cven SegviZlia
gamoviyenoT niutonis prizma imisTvis,
rom davSaloT TeTri sinaTle mravalnair ferebad da SeviswavloT TiToeuli feris talRis sigrZe. Tqven ar
SegiZliaT gazomoT sibnele. sinaTlis
ubralo sxivs SeuZlia SeiWres sibnelis samyaroSi da gaanaTos is. rogor
SegiZliaT gaigoT, ra doneze bnelia
esa Tu is sivrce? amisTvis Tqven zomavT am sivrceSi sinaTlis odenobas.

ase ar aris? sibnele es aris cneba,
romelsac adamiani iyenebs imis aRsawerad, Tu ra xdeba, roca ar arsebobs
sinaTle. ser, boroteba arsebobs?
profesori: ra Tqma unda. Cven mas
yoveldRe vxedavT. adamianebs Soris
sisastike, uamravi danaSauli da Zaladoba mTels msoflioSi, gana es magaliTebi borotebis gamovlena ar aris?
studenti: ara, ser, boroteba ar arsebobs. RmerTs ar Seuqmnia is. boroteba aris RmerTis ararseboba. is hgavs
sibnelesa da sicives. es aris sityva,
Seqmnili adamianis mier RmerTis ararsebobis aRsawerad. boroteba ar aris
rwmena da siyvaruli, romlebic arseboben iseve, rogorc sinaTle da siTbo.
boroteba es aris adamianis gulSi
RvTaebrivi siyvarulis arqonis Sedegi. es aris msgavsad sicivisa, romelic dgeba maSin, roca ar aris siTbo
an msgavsad sibnelisa, romelic dgeba
maSin, roca ar aris sinaTle.
am students albert ainStaini erqva.

47

Cavjeqi

kuboebs
Soris
da
ise Cavfrindi
babuSeraSi

maradi

tkivi l i
48

- gulrifSis raionis sofel ganaxlebaSi gavTxovdi. Cemi qmari, mixeil
Tamliani, 23-e saartilerio batalionis aseulis meTauris moadgile iyo,
iq msaxurobda. omi rom moaxlovda,
ufrosi bavSvebi dedaCemTan wamoviyvane kaxeTSi, gremSi, patara ki afxazeTSi davtove - dedis xeli sWirdeba
da CemTan iyos, male davbrundebi-meTqi.
rom unda davbrunebuliyavi, mesame
dRes omic daiwyo. transporti ar
moZraobda, yvelanairi marSruti Sewyvetili iyo. ra meqna, aRar vicodi. wavedi aeroportSi - vifiqre, iqneb afxazeTSi samxedroebs gavyve-meTqi. ara
da ara, aravin axlos ar mikarebda. mere erT-erTi aTmeTauri vnaxe, axalgazrda biWi da imas vuTxari: Svilo, patara bavSvi myavs datovebuli mamis
amara, erTi wlis bavSvi, da gTxov, wamiyvano, Cems Svils mivxedo-meTqi. iman
miTxra: qalbatono, Cven verafers giSveliT, gela lanCava aris meTauri, is
Semova male da imas sTxoveT. Tu dagTanxmdaT, ra problemaa, wagiyvanTo. marTlac, male movida gela lanCava da
davuwye Txovna. qalbatono, gana saseirnod mivdivarT, omSi mivalT Cvenao,
davuSvaT da gvesroles, Camogvagdes,
sad midixarT mereo? sadac Tqven, iq mec-meTqi, vuTxari. profesiiT eqTani
var, sxva Tu araferi, dagexmarebiT mainc raRacaSi, sanam Cems SvilTan mivaRwev-meTqi. arao, damanebe Tavio!
gamovekide ukan, farajaze davekide
da Sevexvewe: Seni Wirime, Sen genacvale, oRondac SvilTan wamiyvane! Cemi
qmaric samxedroa, wava samsaxurSi da
saxlSi datovebul Cvils xom unda
mixedva-meTqi.
kai, qalbatono, wamodio, magram, Tu
vinicobaa, rame moxda, me ar viyo damnaSaveo. me namdvilad ar minda Seni wayvana, magram, raki ar meSvebi, wamodio.
vaime, nanuli! netavi, ar avsuliyavi
TviTmfrinavSi! patara, Wyli parti bavSvebiT, cxirmouxocavi bavSvebiT savse
iyo mTeli saloni! iginebodnen, Taviseburad bilwsityvaobdnen, cekvavdnen,
TamaSobdnen, hqondaT sruli Tavisufleba. meubneba erT-erTi: qalbatono, ar
gewyinoT, ra, xom iciT, omSi mivdivarT,
SeiZleba, verc davbrundeT. iqedano.
- araferia, Svilo, Tqvens nebaze
iyaviT! me aq ara var da ar gismenTmeTqi.
CavediT soxumis aeroportSi, ukve
dacarielebuli iyo, safreni bilikebi
ki - aqa-iq angreuli Wurvebis gamo.
Zlivs dajda TviTmfrinavi.
gaiyvanes es biWebi da me davrCi

ise moxda, rom swored 27 seqtembers - jvarTamaRlebis da, imavdroulad, soxumis dacemis dRes Sevxvdi yvarlidan, gremidan Camosul, mravali
wlis unaxav qeTevan cucaSvils.
mamiT qists da dediT qarTvel qeTinos gansakuTrebuli biografia
aqvs. meoTxe klasSi iyo, roca qristianma Tanasoflelebma mamamiss - sofelSi erTaderT musulman ramaz cucaSvils, raRac aRTqmis gamo, TavianTi Svilis monaTvla sTxoves. sabWour periodSi saeklesio cxovrebac
areuli iyo da - mRvdelma naTlobis rituali, mcire yoymanis Semdeg, Turme, marTlac Caatara: raki ase gindaTo... iseTi lamazi momeCvena marTlmadidebluri naTlobis rituali, iseTi saintereso, rom awyuris TeTri
giorgis eklesiidan aRar gamovdiodi, Rriali movrTe, mec momnaTleT-meTqi,
- igonebs qeTino, - Zlivs wamaTries maspinZlis saxlamde. iqac gavafiCine
fexebi, mTeli Rame movTqvamdi - momnaTleT da momnaTleT-meTqi. mamaCemi
lamis gagiJda, erTaderTma Svilma gaqristianeba rom movindome. axloblebma scades misi daTanxmeba, dedac Cems mxares dadga da Tavmobezrebulma
kacma bolos xeli Caiqnia - rac gindaT, isa hqeniTo. mec es mindoda, maSinve gavvardi, quCaSi momavali ori lamazi gogo gavaCere da vTxove, Cemi naTliebi iyaviT-meTqi. ase movinaTle.
qeTinos cxovrebidan aranakleb sainteresoa is epizodic, roca is, komkavSiris komitetis mdivani, gremis mTavarangelozis eklesiaSi sanTlebs
anTebda da Cumad loculobda. mezoblis bavSvebs ki kanfetebs Cuqnida da
sTxovda, vinme „iseTi“ rom gamoCndes, SematyobineTo. isinic erTgulad exmarebodnen mlocvel mdivans.
mravali weli ar menaxa da, ai, kvlav Sevxvdi Cvens cucas (gvaris gamo,
siyvaruliT, ase veZaxdiT). gulrifSel mixeil Tamlianze gaTxovila, sami
Svilis deda gamxdara, ufrosi vaJi, paata, ukve 29 wlisa yofila, diana 28 wlis, nabolara zaali - 23 wlis. mere saubars mivyeviT da qeTinom Tavisi ojaxuri istoriis moyola daiwyo.
ver warmovidgendi, Tu sakuTar stumarTan diqtofonis CarTva momindeboda. diax, CavrTe diqtofoni, radgan is, rasac saqarTvelos erTi rigiTi
moqalaqe, 56 wlis qalbatoni qeTevan cucaSvili-Tamliani hyveba, uTuod
Tqvenc unda moisminoT. es ar aris ubralo istoria, es cremlis, tkivilisa da imedis nazavia.
trial mindorSi, patara CanTiT xelSi.
rogorc iqna, gamovedi babuSeras aeroportidan. drandamde erTi kai 7-8 kilometri iqneboda kidev, iqamde fexiT
unda avsuliyavi da iqidan ki Cems soflamde kidev 13 kilometria. transporti araferi dadioda da rom movdiodi ase wvalebiT, gamoiara am dros
samxedro manqanam. vxedav, Cemi Tanamgzavri biWebiTaa savse. - modi, modi, CvenTan
modio! - CamWides xeli biWebma, amitaces da CamWylites am gavsebul manqanaSi. ase amiyvanes drandis mosaxvevamde, iqidan ki gzas davadeqi, 13 kilometri fexiT viare.
rom mivuaxlovdi Cvens sofels, Soridan Cemi mamamTili davinaxe. baba,
baba-meTqi, davuZaxe. Semotrialda da
Secbunebulma mkiTxa:
- Sena xar? bavSvebi?!.
Turme, ra momxdara: dedamTilisTvis
miucia es Cveni patara Cems qmars (dedamTil-mamamTilis saxli iqve, axlos
iyo), TviTon nawilSi wasula, iq ki,
„pepela-puSkas“ eZaxdnen, is afeTqebia
xelebSi. mTeli saxe, tani, xelebi sul

damwvari hqonda. vxedav, Cemi qmari
isea, TiTqos eSmaki daginaxavs: wels
zemoT SiSveli zis, saxe, tani - mTlianad atyavebuli, gaubedurebulia es kaci (Cemi dedamTilis deda cocxali
iyo maSin, iman icoda soflis wamlebi:
kvercxi, zeTi - raRacebi gaukeTa da ise
mourCina, axla nakvalevic ar etyoba)!
qmars vuTxari, bavSvi unda waviyvano. Senc damwvari xar, mogcemen, albaT,
uflebas da wamodi kaxeTSi, iq mogxedav-meTqi.
Sen xom ar gagiJdi, me iq ra mindao!
Cemi adgili aq aris, me aq unda movkvdeo! waiyvane Svili droze da wadio,
- miTxra.
gamacila Cemma mazlma. is periodi
iyo, roca panikaSi Cavardnili xalxi
gemiTa Tu nebismieri saSualebiT cdilobda gaqcevas. Zlivs Sevetene TviTmfrinavSi.
mere, bavSvi rom Camoviyvane, dedaCems
davutove, ver momiTmina gulma da erT
TveSi isev qmarTan davbrundi. maSin
micvalebulebi gadmohyavdaT soxumidan,

49

ojaxTan
erTad

Tvalebi ver
malaven tkivils

50

isev xom unda dabrunebuliyo ukan
TviTmfrinavi carieli kuboebiT, hoda,
Cavuvardi imaT fexebSi da vTxove, wamiyvaneT-meTqi. qalbatono, rogor wagiyvanoT, sad gvaqvs adgili, kuboebi migvaqvso. me vuTxari, Cavwvebi kuboSi da
wamiyvaneT, qmari myavs daWrili, imas
unda mivxedo-meTqi. es qali giJiao.
SexedeT, kubosic ar eSiniao! - gaukvirdaT. mokled, Cavjeqi kuboebs Soris
da ise CavfrindiT babuSeraSi. maSin
ki magrad gamimarTla: drogis cxeniT
avedi saxlamde. gagiJdnen yvelani: Cemi
dedamTili, mamamTili, mazli, Cemi qmaric
- ram amogiyvanao.
ori kvira davrCi iqa. rogorc Cemi
qmari dadioda Tavis nawilSi, ise davdiodi mec, ukan davyvebodi. srolebi daiwyeboda, gvesrodnen mezobeli soflidan, atydeboda wivil-kivili, gaviqceodi,
daWril mezoblebs gadmoviyvandi iqidan,
Wrilobebs Sevuxvevdi. sanam saswrafo
movidoda, manamde Wrilobas xom undoda
damuSaveba. ase ramdeni vinme Sevaxvie!..
rogorc giJi, ise viqceodi. mexiviT
viyavi gamagrebuli, ramdeni daWrilisaTvis gamiwvdia xeli da gadamirCenia! RmerTo, naTelSi amyofe, isini, vinc
Cems xelSi dalia suli! maSin ki viyavi gamagrebuli, magram mTeli ori
Tve damWirda kaxeTSi, rom nervuli
stresebidan gamovsuliyavi.
mokled, male isev kaxeTSi aRmovCndi
- aRar gamaCeres gulrifSSi qmarma
da naTesavebma - wadi, bavSvebs mixedeo.
ufrosi bavSvebi skolaSi miviyvane, patara - baRSi, mec vmuSaobdi. Zalian
gaWirveba iyo. Camovivlidi sofelSi,
20 litra arays viyididi iafad, waviRebdi TbilisSi, iq Cavasxamdi boTlebSi,
avikidebdi CanTas da vyididi, rom bavSvebi SimSiliT ar damexoca da maTTvis
cota saWmeli meyida.
erT mSvenier dRes atyda: auf, „peremeria! peremeria!“ Serigeba moxda, iq
elcini Caeria, aq SevardnaZe gamovida...
„omi damTavrda, omi ar iqneba! ganiaraReba moxdeba, yvelam iaraRi CaabareT!“
sinamdvileSi, qarTvelebi ganaiaraRes,
afxazebma ki iaraRi Seinaxes...
Cemi qmari gaxarebuli movarda gremSi - wavideT, damTavrda omio. gamoviyvaneT bavSvebi skolidan da wamovediT
gulrifSSi. or kviraSi atyda iseTi
ambavi, deda Svils ver aiyvanda: baTqabuTqi, srola, ubedureba...
Cems qmars gadamaluli hqonda ori
„puSka“, erTi tanki, ramdenime avtomati. marto Cvens Tivis zvinSi ki ara,
sxvadasxva adgilasac damales iaraRi.
svanebi, xom ici, iaraRis giJebi arian,

ver gaimetes Casabareblad...
erT dRes atyda Citebis JivJivi
da gund-gundad triali caSi. xalxma
- raRac cudi ambavi xdebao. amis Tqma
iyo da, erT saaTSi daiwyo baTqa-buTqi,
soxumis dabombva. soxumi rom ibombeboda, Cveni saxli zanzarebda ganaxlebaSi. im dRes Cemi qmari wasuli iyo
nawilSi, saxlSi viyaviT me da bavSvebi. meore saxlSi - dedamTili da
sxvebi. daiwyo gangaSi. Cemi qmari moqanda - bargi Caalageo, Cemi Zma beteeriT
gamoivliso, bavSvebi da Sen wayeviT, me
zapanis uReltexilze dageweviTo (zapani webeldasTan aris).
amasobaSi bavSvebi gacvivdnen gareT,
tankebi modiano. me bavSvebs gamovekide - fostlebiT, saSinao kabiT. tankebi ki ara, beteerebi modiodnen. Cemi
mazli Camoxta manqanidan da saswrafod
Segvyara Sig. bargi-meTqi? Seni qmari
mogvyveba ukan da is wamoiRebso.
ase, rac gvecva, imis amara gamoviqeciT (bargi qmarma, ra Tqma unda, ver
wamoiRo da saxlSi darCa).
zapanis uReltexilidan patara manqanebiT avediT CxalTamde, mivaRwieT
Wuberis uReltexilamde, iqidan fexiT
gadmovediT.
ramdeni ubedureba vnaxe gzaSi! xalxi yvelafers yrida, roca ukve aRar
SeeZloT wamoReba. manqanebs wvavdnen,
nivTebs anadgurebdnen, ratom davutovoT afxazebso.
cota ukan mivbrundebi: sanam Wuberze gadmovidodiT, Cemma qmarma da mazlma
migviyvanes aZgaraSi. iq Cveni sazafxulo saZovrebi iyo, saqoneli gvyavda
garekili. karavi, binebi gvqonda, kargi
meurneoba mowyobili: didZali saqoneli,
60 ska futkari, uamravi qaTami... Cemi
dedamTili zafxulobiT iq iyo xolme,
zamTarSi ki gulrifSSi Camodioda.
Cemi qmris saqonelic iq iyo garekili,
im sazafxulo saZovrebze.
aZgaradanac rom wamovediT, Cemma
dedamTilma da mamamTilma samocive
skaSi mduRare wyali Caasxes, daxoces
futkari, mters rom ar darCenoda. mamamTili tiroda, amas rom akeTebda,
ise enaneboda.
datoves qaTmebi, gamorekes saqoneli. es saqonelic sadRac-sadRac daekargaT gzaSi. rac gadmoiyvanes, dauZlurebuli, gamxdari iyo. didi wvalebiT moaRwies Wuberis uReltexilamde...
uReltexilis ZirSi iyo saSineli
morodioroba. uRirsi qarTvelebi Tavs
ecemodnen dabanakebul xalxs da Zarcvavdnen. oTxi mazli myavda, mexuTec

Cemi qmari iyo, iaraRi hqondaT da Cven
verafers gvibedavdnen. magram vinc SeiaraRebuli ar iyo, imas ecemodnen Tavs.
erT Rames atyda wivil-kivili, miSveleT, miSveleTo! fexmZime, mucelgaberili qalisaTvis oqrouloba wauglejiaT da xelis TiTebidan sisxli
sdioda. saSineleba iyo!
gzaSi umcrosi bavSvi cudad gamixda,
dizenteria daemarTa, xelSi makvdeboda. magram, vis esmoda Cemi bRavili da
moTqma!
Turme, uReltexilze, maRla, espanel
eqimebs hqondaT gaSlili samedicino
karavi, es Cemi wivil-kivili gaigones
da gamocvivdnen. sul patara, amxela
gogoebi iyvnen. es bavSvi gamomtaces
xelidan, Searbenines TavianT samedicino
karavSi da iq ra gaukeTes, ar vici,
manam ar maCvenes, sanam bavSvma deda ar
moiTxova. saRsalamaTi, mosulierebuli Camabares Cemi patara.
mere ukrainelebis brigada mofrinda,
pirdapir uReltexilze daajines TviTmfrinavi. invalidebi, moxucebi, bavSvebianebi - es gaWirvebuli xalxi vinc
iyo, Cagvsxes am TviTmfrinavSi. imdeni
viyaviT, TviTmfrinavi ver daiZra. gamovida pilotis damxmare da, vinc karTan
axloSi iyo, yvela Zirs CauSva, gadadiT ukanveo. amaSi movyevi mec - CamomiSves. es rom Cemma bavSvebma dainaxes,
morTes wivil-kivili. mgzavrebma uTxres mfrinavebs, es qali rom CaiyvaneT,
amas sami bavSvi hyavs aq, TviTmfrinavSio. me amomiyvanes da ori moxuci Caiyvanes. imaTi codviT axlac viwvebi.
meore reisze ki gadmoiyvandnen imaTac,
magram maSin, im momentSi, yvelas rom
ase eCqareboda gamofrena, albaT, im moxucebisTvis rogori tragedia iqneboda! ramdens damwyevlidnen!
gadmogviyvanes quTaisis aeroportSi. aqedan „ikarusiT“ wagviyvanes Tbi-

lisSi. erTi Rame gavaTie bavSvebTan
erTad rkinigzis vagzalSi, radgan Rame
iyo da verafers gavyvebodiT kaxeTamde. meore diliT ki gzas gavuyeviT...
rac Seexeba Cems qmars, is WuberSi
darCa saqonlis gadmosarekad, Svidi
Zroxa gvyavda. Cemi dedamTilic ar
wamovida, darCa Tavis saqonelTan. cudad gamxdara. meore reisiT Cemi dedamTili gadaufreniaT mestiaSi sxvebTan
erTad, saqoneli ki qmarma da mazlebma
gadmorekes da waiyvanes latalSi, naTesavebTan. darCnen im zamTars iq, saqonels mixedva xom undoda. maSin kuponebi iyo da qmarma kuponebze gayida es
amxela Zroxebi (sami Zroxa gzaSi daekarga). kuponebi ise iyo gafuWebuli,
im erTi Zroxis safasurad oTx kilo
fqvilsac ver iyididi.
Camovida Cemi qmari amdeni wvalebis
Semdeg da - aio, mogitaneT fulio...
me vuTxari, raRad minda es fuli,
magas is merCia, Zroxebi cocxlad gageSva-meTqi.
danarCeni ki yvelaferi gulrifSSi dagvrCa: 41 indauri, 18 goWi, 12
xbo, 60-mde qaTami... imxela sasaTbure
meurneoba! mogvianebiT xma mogvivida,
rom erT-erTma afxazma mezobelma Cveni
samezoblos aveji tuafseSi gazida da
iq gayidao...
axla Turme nasaxlarebi dgas Cvens
mSvenier sofelSi, iqauroba tyeebadaa
qceuli...
* * *
qeTino cucaSvilma im gausaZlis
gaWirvebazec isaubra, momdevno wlebSi,
devnilobisas rom iwvnia. magram es
kidev sxva Temaa.
arc imas aRvwer dawvrilebiT, Tavisi
ojaxis istoriis Txrobisas ramdenjer gadmouvarda Tvalebidan simwris
cremli.
nanuli cxvediani

51

erTxel,

erlom axvledianma

a
``vano d niko~~

dawera

erlomma jibeSi
ormaneTiani moCxrika,
araferi daxvda. idga
dabneuli... uecrad
daubera. qarma saxesTan
patara qaRaldis nagleji
aufriala da fexebTan
daugdo - sammaneTiani
iyo. gaixed-gamoixeda,
darwmunda, rom irgvliv
aravin idga, rom marTlac
qaris motanili iyo da
aiRo. mere iqve,
gastronomSi Sevida, fuli
daaxurdava, gamovida, ori
maneTiani jibeSi Caido,
mesame ki... qars xurdad
daubruna - imisTvis,
visac swored es
maneTiani akliao.

52

dagvianebuli masterklasi

erlom axvledianTan
™

gia arganiSvili

am patara wigns avstrielma mweralma peter handkem „arakebis“ krebuli
uwoda, rusma mweralma andrei bitovma
„Tanamedrove zRapari“, TviTon avtori
dRes ukve Tavs aridebs Janris dakonkretebas, mkiTxveli ki ubralod, Sinaurulad „vanos da nikos eZaxis.
erlom axvledianis Semoqmedebisadmi
miZRvnil vrcel werilSi andrei bitovi igonebs:
„1960 wels profesorma berkovskim
mkiTxa: Sen gsmenia anegdotebi vanos
da nikos, am ori idiotis Sesaxeb?
Tumca idiotebi arc unda iyvnen... Zneli mosayolia, magram anegdotebi ki
Zalian SesaniSnavia (berkovskis uyvarda
aseTi saubari „Zalian SesaniSnavi“).
amboben, rom gamoCnda viRac qarTveli,
romelic maT Txzavs.
daujerebelia. berkovskis, rogorc
literaturaTmcodnes miaCnda, rom ar
SeiZleba anegdotebs avtori hyoloda.
Tumca am „anegdotebs“, „arakebs“
Tu „Tanamedrove zRaprebs“ rasakvirvelia, avtori hyavda. am wignis avtori
erlom axvlediani iyo.
erTxel erlom axvledianma „vano
da niko“ dawera.
iyo vano da nikoc iyo. iyo ucnauri samyaro, sadac vano da niko xvdebian
da Sordebian erTmanerTs, ebrZvian da
umegobrdebian erTmanerTs. sadac tirian
da icinian.
„erTxel vano nikos sizmarSi iyo.
daiZinebda niko da, iyo mis sizmarSi
samyaro, sadac ca qvisa iyo, mze - xisa,
xe - nislisa, nisli - miwisa, miwa - qarisa, qari - tyviisa, tyvia ki aRar maxsovs, risa...
daiZinebda niko da modioda mis
sizmarSi vano...
modioda vano nikos sizmarSi da
fiqri misi WianWvelebisgan iyo, ocneba misi frinvelebisgan iyo, simRera
misi kenWebisgan iyo...
dadioda vano nikos sizmarSi: wyals
gaivlida da cecxli moedeboda; mzeze
gavidoda da yinulad iqceoda, aqeT
wavidoda da iqiT aRmoCndeboda; iqiT
wavidoda da iqve rCeboda; marjvniv
gauxvevda da neta marcxniv gaexvia.

xan RameSi iyo vano da xan Rame
iyo masSi...~
marTlac, bevri ram iyo ucnauri
mkiTxvelisTvis am wignSi. ucnauri
iyo maSin, rodesac is daiwera (195658.) da ucnauria dResac, rodesac
`masobriv adamians iolad misawvdomi
hgonia realoba, da roca aRmoaCens,
rom Turme ase sulac ar yofila, gaognebuli awydeba daxSul karibWes~
(rostom CxeiZe).
mec erTi amaTTgani var, oci welia
daxSul karibWes vawydebi, oci welia
`vanos da nikos~ vkiTxulob.
`vano da niko qveynad dadiodnen
da uyvardaT es qveyana~
me ki daxSul karibWes vawydebi...
„vano da niko qveynad dadiodnen
da uxarodaT es qveyana“.
me ki karibWes vawydebi...
„vano da niko qveynad dadiodnen
da sZuldaT es qveyana“.
me ki...
mec vcdilob Tavi davaRwio droiTa
da sivrciT awonil obieqtur realobas, romelic ar cnobs Cven - kacTa
uflebas uTvalavi feriT Semkul qveyanaze. ar cnobs im ucnaur samyaros, sadac bedniereba grZnobaTa monacvleobaa da ara gaqvavebuli wami, sadac siyvaruli (moWarbebuli sicocxle) zustad igive Semadgenlobisaa, rogorc
sicocxle, sadac „erTxel yvelaze Zvirfasi lurjTvala ia iyo“.
ra kargad aris awyobili is samyaro, sadac vano da niko cxovroben.
RmerTma moawyo is eqvs dRes. pirvel
dRes RvTis sityviT gamoCnda naTeli;
meore dRes RmerTma Seqmna xiluli
ca; mesame dRes ganyo wyali miwisgan
da ubrZana miwas mcenareTa aRmoceneba; meoTxeDdRes Seqmna mze, mTvare da
varskvlavni; mexuTe dRes - Tevzebi
da frinvelebi; meeqvse dRes - yovelni cxovelni da kaci.
avtori ki marwmunebs, `vano da nikos~ rom vwerdi, maSin biblias ar
vkiTxulobdio...
SesaZloa, radgan mxolod Sinagani
codna, gulis pirveladi monawuri iZleva samyaros pirvelad grZnobiT aRqmis
gansakuTrebul unars, Cveulebriv movlenebSi saswaulis danaxvis survils.

`ra iqneboda, - ocnebobda vano, - ra
iqneboda, rom adamiani ibadebodes...
da mze aRmosavleTidan amodiodes,
xolo dasavleTiT Cadiodes, - ocnebobda niko, - Cadiodes da is iyos erTi da naTeli”.
kacis Seqmnis win YRmerTma Tqva:
`vqmneT kaci xatad da msgavsad Cvenda~,
da Seqmna kacis sxeuli miwisgan da
STabera mas suli gonieri da ukvdavi,
da iqmna kaci cxovel arsebad, pirvel
kacs RmerTma adam daarqva. RmerTma adami samoTxeSi Seiyvana da iq daabinava.
Semdeg iyo vano da nikoc iyo.
„vano da niko qveynad dadiodnen
da uyvardaT es qveyana. adiodnen mTebze,
maRal mwvervalebze. mwvervalebidan Camodiodnen velad, krefdnen yvavilebs
da uxarodaT Wrel-Wreli yvavilebi.
gadiodnen gauval tyeebs. ucqerdnen
mzes da uxarodaT maRali mze. krefdnen
xeTa nayofs. Tesavdnen purs. mkidnen
purs. SehqondaT wisqvilSi da iq, mTeli
Rame zRaprebis nacvlad marTals yvebodnen.“
RmerTma akurTxa pirveli kacni
da uTxra maT: aRorZindiT, gamravldiT,
aRavseT es qveyana da uflebdiT maszeo.
„amis Semdeg sul ase xdeboda:
gazafxuli movidoda. buCqis Ziras
ia lurj Tvalebs gaaxelda. niko mis
winaSe waiCoqebda. Semdeg vanosTan mividoda da etyoda:
- vano, Sexede, ra nazi ia maqvs.
vanos Tumca Zalian surda, ar hqonda,
ar hqonda is ia.
- ginda, Seni iyos?
- minda, - upasuxebda vano.
maSin niko vanos etyoda:
- Seni iyos!
Semdeg iyo warmtaci veli, Semdeg Sriala tye. mze roca Cadioda,
vanom uTxra nikos:
- niko Sexede, ra mSvenieria mzis
Casvla!
da mzis Casvla nikosi gaxda.
mze roca amodioda, mzis amosvla
ukve vanos ekuTvnoda.~
vanom da nikom jer ar icodnen
vaJa-fSavelas „simRera“ da amitom ar
mRerodnen mas:
mTlad me mekuTvnis qveyana,
mTaSi - mTa, barad - baria

53

zRva da xmeleTi erTian,
cas - varskvlavebis jaria.
diliT mze manaTobeli,
Ramis guSagi mTvaria~.
`vanos da nikos~ oci wlis mkiTxvelisgan ar unda gagvikvirdes vaJa-fSavelas poetur samyarosTan siaxlovis
gancda, Tumca mas damwyebi mkiTxvelisTvis mainc mouwevs axsna-ganmarteba,
rom aq ar igulisxmeba erTi mwerlis
SemoqmedebiTi gavlena meore mweralze.
ai, iseTi giorgi SatberaSvili `poetur SemRerebas~ rom uwodebs, arc
Tematuri naTesaobaa saZebni, nacnobobis
grZnobas aq Semoqmedis ufleba-unari
RvTismaZieblobisa da RvTismimbaZvelobisa aRZravs, pirvel SemTxvevaSi - Tamami,
vaJaseburi; meore SemTxvevaSi – zomierad mokrZalebuli, erlomiseburi an
erlomuri. swored es ufleba-unari
gansazRvravs Semoqmedis individualur
saxes, romlis ZaliTac, mas erTaderTs,
xiluli samyaros garemocvaSi, SeuZlia
Seicnos, rom `mocemuli wami da maradisoba, erTi Semadgenlobisa arian~
(e. axvlediani `koRo qalaqSi~); SeuZlia zevidan daxedos awmyos, xelisgulze daitios mTeli samyaro, ganWvritos
saganTa arsi, forma, Tviseba, sivrceSi
misi gadaadgilebis dros aRZruli
kanonebi, gaiTvaliswinos drois cvalebadobasTan dakavSirebuli formisa da
xasiaTis cvlileba da yovelTvis axsovdes, rom nebismieri warmavali movlena Tu lpobadi sagani, miuxedavad misi
masStaburobisa, xelisgulisodena proporciebSi moqmedebs adamianis gigantur
SesaZleblobebTan SedarebiT.
am xelisgulisodena samyaroSi erTxel niko ijda da icinoda. vanos
gauxarda, rom nikos magida acinebda
da magida gareT gaitana. Semdeg nikos
karada acinebda da vanom karadac gareT
gaitana, Semdeg... vanom carieli oTaxic
gareT gaitana.
niko kinaRam siciliT mokvda.
Semdeg nikos undoda gaecina Rrublebze, varskvlavebze, cremlebze, bednierebaze... nikos undoda gaecina, magram
mwared atirda.
im dRis Semdeg niko xan icinoda,
xan tiroda.
aq ki mkiTxvels droulad gaaxsenda
sulxan-saba orbelianis araki „motirali da mocinari“, Tumca sjobda
„lodis damgorebeli“ gaxseneboda.
es araki msoflio literaturaSi
„sizifes miTis“ saxeliT aris cnobili. es is arakia, alber kamius SemoqmedebaSi axali literaturuli Janris
klasikur nimuSad rom iqca.

54

Tumca, am or sxvadasxva saxelwodebis „araks“ Soris arsebiTi gansxvavebaa. sizife, romelic Zvel berZnul
miTologiaSi eolosis da enaretes
Zed ixsenieba, aCrdilTa samefoSi uzarmazar lods mwvervalisken ezideba. es
misi sasjelia, amitom mwvervalze atanili lodi ugordeba da misi tanjvawameba maradiulad grZeldeba.
„lodis damgorebeli“ ki TviTon,
Tavisi surviliT agorebs lods(!) `mun
erTi kaci CaRmarTs Cavidis, aikidis
lodi mrgvali, amovidis aRmarT, daagoris~ (es dakvirveba pirvelad erlom
axvledianisgan da rezo yaralaSvilisgan momismenia.)
gavixsenoT rogor xsnis lodis
damgorebeli erTi SexedviT marTlac
absurdul qcevas:
`...me am erTi qviT Wirsac vnaxav
da lxinsaca. erTi cota qva maqvs da
Wiri da lxini orive didi; da mravalsa
kacsa aTasi amdeni oqro aqvs da cudad
ucan, miT verc Wirsa naxaven da verc
lxinsao.~
ara, es namdvilad ar aris absurdis
Tema.
lodis damgoreblisTvis Wirisa da
lxinis naxva misi saqmianobis mTavari
Sedegia. misi jafa sulac ar aris
unayofo, xolo arakis morali qristianuli rwmeniT (xe nayofiT icnoba)
aris ganmtkicebuli.
sizifes miTis mTavari azri (Tu
uazroba) amaoebisTvis zrunvis mTeli
tragediaa - uazro, uimedo, unayofo
Sroma absurdul garemos qmnis. „am
garemoSi yvelaferi nebadarTulia da
sulier faseulobebs amitom daukargavs azri da mniSvneloba. am garemoSi
erTaderTi azri, romelic ar cruobs,
unayofo fiqria. absurdul samyaroSi
cnebis an cxovrebis Rirebuleba unayofobiT izomeba“. (rostom CxeiZe „amaoebidan maradisobisken“)
axla ki isev „vanos da nikos“ davubrundeT. is, rac nikos acinebs an
atirebs - magida, oTaxi, Rrublebi, varskvlavebi - swored is „cota qvaa“,
romliTac niko Wirsac naxavs da lxinsac. is, Tu raoden Rirebulia es nayofi,
lodis damgorebeli gvimowmebs, mraval
kacs aTasi amdeni oqro aqvs, magram
verc Wirs naxaven da verc lxinsao.
niko am nayofs amao zrunvis gareSe
moimkis. erTi da igive sagnis SecnobiT mas SeuZlia ipovos „mizezi lxinTa (WirTa) levisa“ (rusTaveli). is
arc Tesavs, arc mkis, arc beRelSi
agrovebs da mainc uzrunvelia grZnobaTa gancdiT da am gancdaTa aRmavali

monacvleobiT, rac TavisTavad bednierebis tolfasia.
magram yvelaferi xom ase advilad
ar xdeba, arc es samyaroa martivad
mowyobili. ubedurebas yovelTvis ar
misdevs bedniereba, arc sicils - tirili, arc aRmarTs - daRmarTi, xSirad
sityvac ara hgavs sityvas, azri azrs,
xSirad xom adamianic ara hgavs meore
adamians?
amitom mkiTxvelis wadili, moZebnos
is damakavSirebeli Zafebi, romelic
erlom axvledianis Semoqmedebas qarTul da msoflio literaturasTan
aaxlovebs, iseTive axirebuli survilia, rogorc axalSobili bavSvis axlobelTa mcdeloba, mis garegnoba-xasiaTSi mSoblebTan, biZa-babuebTan, mamidadeidebTan msgavseba aRmoaCinon.
gana am dros vinmes eWvi epareba
bavSvis kanonierebasa da mSoblebis patiosnebaSi?
ara, magram TiToeul maTgans xom
Zalian gauxardeba, Tu axalSobils
mas miamsgavseben, mere rom Tamamad Tqvas,
me mgavso. es ki Zalian hgavs imas, erTxel niko Svidi rom iyo, vano ki erTi
da Tanac patara.
`erTma nikom vano gazarda da Tqva
- vano Cemiao.
meore nikom tanT Caacva da Tqva vano Cemiao.
mesame nikom arc gazarda da arc
Caacva da mainc Tqva - Cemiao vano.
meoTxe nikom qudi daaxura. qudi
cota didi mouvida vanos, radgan patara iyo vano, magram meoTxe niko vanos
mainc iCemebda.
mexuTe niko yvela nikoze Ronieri
iyo da Tqva - vano Cemiao.
meeqvse niko, marTalia arafers ambobda, magram amiT is undoda eTqva, rom
vano misi iyo.
meSvide niko maswavlebeli iyo da
bevri rame aswavla vanos, magram bolos
isic undoda eswavlebina, rom vano
swored misi iyo.
* * *
erTxel vano wavida da didi muxis
qveS wamojda da Cafiqrda:
visi var?
mgoni, me pirveli nikosi ara var.
mgoni arc meore nikosi var. mesame nikosi ara var da ara var. meoTxe nikosi? – ara! mexuTesi? – ara! meSvide
nikosi ara var da aba, meeqvse nikosi
rogorRa viqnebi.”
mkiTxvels albaT Zalian gaaxarebs
vanos sixaruli, rom patara vano arc
pirveli nikosi iyo, arc meorisa, arc
mesamisa, arc meoTxisa, arc mexuTisa,

arc meeqvsisa da arc meSvidisa.
vano TviTon iyo Tavisa.
aravisi ar iyo arc patara `vano
da niko~, arc `aravis~, arc `absurdis~
arc `anegdotis~, arc `Tanamedrove
zRaprisa~...
arc rusuli iyo, arc somxuri,
arc Cexuri, arc germanuli, arc ungruli, arc arabuli, (`vano da niko~ am
enebzea Targmnili) arc qarTuli?
`am zRaprebSi araferi aris specialurad qarTuli, qarTulia mxolod
saxelebis warmomavloba vano da niko,
magram arc erT SemTxvevaSi `ivan da
nikolai~, `vania da kolia~. zRapari
Rrmad nacionaluria, rogorc ornamentis xazi~ – werda andrei bitovi.
sZlivs... ai, erTi patara lursmani,
`Rrmad nacionalurio~ - xom brZanebs
batoni andrei bitovi, axla, axla swored es patara lursmani unda davaWedo kedelze da zed Camovkido droSi
da sivrceSi monavarde, mouxelTebeli
`vano da niko~.
magram es araa sakmarisi. saWiroa
moralis mkacr CarCoebSi movaqcioT
maTi moqmedeba, unda dakonkretdes drois es ganusazRvreli formac `erTxel~.
`erTxel vano ocnebobda...~ `erTxel
ase Tqves: vano briyviao, xolo niko ar
aris briyvio...~ moralisTvis ai, es
ambavic gamogvadgeba. (am) erTxel niko
cudi adamiani iyo da sul cuds ukeTebda sxvas, xolo vano kargi adamiani
iyo da sul kargs ukeTebda sxvas, nikos mobezrda cudi adamianoba, mobezrda nikooba da gavanovda, vanos ar mobezrda vanooba, magram mainc ganikovda.
mere aRarc ganikovebul vanos undoda nikooba da arc gavanovebul nikos.
amitom orive gavanovda.
Tu am nawarmoebis morals CavukvirdebiT, `nu SevecdebiT am `arakebSi~
raime moralis povnas - gvafrTxilebs
wignis bolosityvaSi rezo yaralaSvili - vTqvaT vanoSi sikeTisa, xolo
nikoSi borotebis danaxva, vinaidan vano
yovel wuTs SeiZleba ganikovdes, xolo
niko ki gavanovdes. morali socialuri kategoriaa, xolo erlom axvledianis arakebis Tema araa konkretuli
sazogadoeba, aramed yofierebaa mis mTlianobaSi, rac aRemateba yovelive imas,
rasac Cveulebriv `kargs~ an `cuds~
vuwodebT xolme. vano da niko zRapruli gmirebis Targze gamoWrili Taviseburi `samuSao hipoTezebia~ romlebic mowodebulia warmoaCinon adamianTa urTierTobis mravalferovneba da
STagvagonon is ubralo WeSmariteba,
rom samyaros harmonia ar dairRveva

calkeuli Seusabamobis gamo~.
isev aqanavda erT patara lursmanze Camokidebuli `suraTi~. aseT pirobebSi TiTqmis SeuZlebelia mis Sefasebaze fiqri.
netav, ras gvirCevs `vanos da nikos~s oci wlis mkiTxveli? Tumca sjobda
ormoci wlis mkiTxvelisTvis gvekiTxa.
maT, visac bavSvuri aRqmis uSualoba da gulwrfeli aRtacebis unari
kidev SerCeniaT, SeuZliaT yvelgan da
yovelTvis ikiTxon es wigni. xolo
gansakuTrebuli niWisa da Rrma fantaziis mqone mkiTxvels vurCev, `vano da
niko~-s kiTxvis dros cotaTi ganze
gadgeT, daaxloebiT im manZilze, naxatis feri saRebavis suns rom hkargavs.
Tumca esec araa sakmarisi, saWiroa
uZravi wertilis moZebna, drosa da
sivrceSi pirobiTad uZravi wertilidan zustad aRiqvamT masalis bunebriobas, moZraobis mimarTulebas da im
ucnaur mxatvrul formas, romelSic
`vano da nikoa~ Camosxmuli.
kiTxva ufro gagiadvildebaT, Tu
zustad gansazRvravT, ra manZili gaSorebT im zRaprul samyaromde, sadac
vano da niko cxovroben.
am gzaze Tqven uamrav adamians SexvdebiT, `erTi icinis, meore tiris, mesame
meoTxes esaubreba, mexuTe dgas, meeqvse
wevs, meSvide naxevrad wamowolilia,
merve Tavis baRSi yvavilebs rwyavs,
mecxre varskvlavebs iTvlis...~
meaTe oci wlis mkiTxvels vano
da nikoze uyveba,
meaTe TviTon avtoria.

mere aRar uyveba...
kargia, rodesac ori adamiani ar
saubrobs da dumili uxerxuli ar aris.
`erlom axvlediani am uxilavi kavSirebis, urTierTobebisa da damokidebulebebis danaxvis gasaocari unariTaa
dajildoebuli. mas jerac TiTqos
SemorCa bavSvuri aRqmis uSualoba
da cnobismoyvareoba, ZaluZs sruliad
Cveulebriv sagnebSi da movlenebSi `saswaulis~ Wvreta da, amave dros, es misi gulubryviloba da uSreti fantazia gasakviradaa Sezavebuli eqsperimentisa da logikuri analizis niWTan,
rac umal moazrovnisa da mecnieris
Tvisebaa, vidre xelovanisa~.
Znelia erlom axvledianze da mis
Semoqmedebaze wera...
ufro advilia saubari.
albaT, axla erlomi Tavis Zvel
mamiseul saxlSi lurjTvala koRoze
wers, romelsac wvimis wveTi Seuyvarda.
Txroba iseTi msubuqi da bunebrivia, rogorc janmrTeli adamianis sunTqva. sityvebi ki, TviT daRlili sityvebic aq iseTi SuqiT brwyinaven, rom
axalTaxali gegoneba:
„lias ecodeboda es wvimiani, sveli
dRe, romelic Tvalsa da xels Sua
ileoda, ixureboda, qreboda. mas mounda eSvela misTvis da Tu ver uSvelida, da Tu ver gadaarCenda, gahyoloda
mas. misTvis warmoudgeneli iyo isic,
rom iyo amdRevandel dReSi, rogorc
ai, am oTaxSi da mere aRar iyo masSi.
anda dRem dagtovos, wavides da Sen
Tan ar wagiyvanos.~

55

vaSingtoni, 7.4.2005
gaviqeci. gaviqeci amerikaSi. sul
ori TviT. amasTan, mTel Cems ojaxTan,
anu daSasTan da boqsioris jiSis or
ZaRlTan, SugrTan da mis Svil madlenkasTan erTad. gaviqeci im imediT, rom
amerikaSi meti dro meqneboda gatacebiT werisaTvis. ori welia, prezidenti aRara var da sul ufro maRizianebs, rom am drois ganmavlobaSi ori
sityvac ar damiweria. rodesac mekiTxebian, ukve meramdened, vwer Tu ara
rames da Tu vwer, ras, cota ar iyos,
vbrazdebi da vambob, rom cxovrebaSi
sakmarisad maqvs dawerili, udavod meti,
vidre Cemi Tanamemamuleebis umetesobas
da rom wera srulebiTac ar aris valdebuleba, romlis Sesrulebac adamians unda gamosZalo. kongresis biblioTekis stumari var. aq gamomiyves wynari
da myudro oTaxi, sadac SemiZlia mivide
nebismier dros da vakeTo, rac gamixardeba. samagierod araferi momeTxoveba. es mSvenieria. am mSvenier atmosferoSi sxva saqmeebis paralelurad pan
hviJZalas SekiTxvebsac siamovnebiT vupasuxeb.
* * *
- saubars daviwyebdi SekiTxviT, romelic Seexeba 80-iani wlebis meore
naxevars, rodesac centraluri evropis
yvelaze gamoCenil disidentad anu, rogorc jon kinma giwodaT, `varskvlavad
opoziciis TeatrSi~ iqeciT. SegiZliaT Tu ara gaixsenoT is momenti, roca
pirvelad mogividaT azrad, rom politikaSi unda SegebijebinaT da ar unda
dakmayofilebuliyaviT mxolod dramaturgisa da moazrovnis rolebiT?
- pirvel rigSi, odnav mainc SevewinaaRmdegebodi titulis, `varskvlavi
opoziciis TeatrSi~, moniWebas. maSin
yvelafers vakeTebdiT, raTa ar daveyaviT `varskvlavebad~ da danarCenebad.
rac ufro gamoCenili iyo romelime
Cvengani da amdenad ufro daculic,
miT ufro cdilobda naklebad cnobilebi da Sesabamisad, met xifaTSi myofni daecva. reJimi ki moqmedebda principiT: `dayavi da ibatone~. erTs eubnebodnen: `rogor SegiZliaT Tqven, yvelas
mier aRiarebul inteleqtuals, saqme
daiWiroT im araraobebTan?!~, xolo
meores - `imaTTan saqmes nu daiWer,
mfarvelebi hyavT, yvelafridan yovelTvis gamoZvrebian da Tu dasWirdaT,
maT magivradac Tqven daisjebiT~. gasagebia, rom aseT viTarebaSi gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas vaniWebdiT opozicionerebs Soris Tanasworobis princips.
meorec, kargad iciT, naklebad Tav-

56

dajerebuli var. gamudmebiT, samarTlianad Tu usamarTlod, vsayvedurob da
vakritikeb sakuTar Tavs. aseTi adamiani Znelad Tu daTanxmdeba mtkicebas
iyos `varskvlavi~. Tumca unda davuSva,
rom xalxis gaerTianebis garkveuli
niWi maqvs, radganac var adamiani, romelic pirdapir fizikurad ver itans
konfliqtebs, daZabulobasa da dapirispirebas, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac
amis aucilebloba ar arsebobs. metic,
ar miyvars gauTavebeli laparaki TvalsaCino Sedegebis gareSe. mudam vcdi-

rodesac gadavwyvite prezidentobis
kandidati gavmxdariyavi. maSin damTavrda laparaki Cemi saqmianobis politikur gavlenaze?- saqme ukve exeboda
politikur funqcias am sityvis sruli mniSvnelobiT. bolo wuTamde vorWofobdi.
* * *
vaSingtoni, 9. 4. 2005
ori dRis win samuSao vizitiT aq
imyofeboda ukrainis axali prezidenti,
iuSCenko. miviRe Zalian Tbili mi patiJeba erT-erT did Sexvedraze, sadac

nawyvetebi
vaclav
havelis
wignidan

`gTxovT,
mokled!~
lobdi xalxis gaerTianebas, vexmarebodi maTi azrebis Tanxvedras da veZebdi saerTo Sexedulebebis saqmed
gadaqcevis gzebs. SesaZloa, zustad es
iyo is Tvisebebi, romlebsac sabolood
(Tumca ise, rom arc mizrunia da arc
mindoda), Cemgan damoukideblad, yovelTvis gamovyavdi wina planze, ris gamoc
SemdgomSi vinmes, SesaZloa, `varskvlavadac~ movCvenebodi.
ar mgonia, SeiZlebodes Cems cxovrebaSi mkveTri zRvris gavleba im epoqebs
Soris, rodesac viyavi an ar viyavi CarTuli politikaSi. politikasa Tu
sazogadoebriv saqmianobaSi yovelTvis
viyavi ramdenadme Cabmuli da garkveulwilad, yovelTvis viyavi politikuri
movlena. is, rom totalitarizmisas
yvelaferi politikaa, rok-musikis koncertis CaTvliT, Cveulebrivi ambavia.
gansxvaveba, cxadia, iyo Cemi saqmianobis
TvalsaCinoebasa da gavlenaSi, anu ramdenad didi gavlenis moxdena SeeZlo
mas ama Tu im periodSi: sxva iyo samocian wlebSi da sul sxva? - oTxmocianebSi. am gadasaxedidan, erTaderTi,
marTlac rom gardamtexi momenti Cems
cxovrebaSi dadga 1989 wlis noemberSi,

sapatio sityva unda warmomeTqva. mokled vTqvi is, rasac ukve didi xania
vfiqrob:
komunizmis, an sxvagvarad, komunisturi ti pis totalitaruli sistemis
dacemis Semdeg, sabWoTa blokis qveynebis umetesobaSi dadga garkveuli gardamavali faza, romelsac, rogorc samuSao versia, SeiZleba vuwodoT postkomunizmi. es aris uprecedentod swrafi
da masStaburi privatizaciis xana, romelic ar iyo SezRuduli Zlieri da
qmediTi sakanonmdeblo CarCoebiT da
romlis mimdinareobazec, cxadia, uzarmazar gavlenas axdens yofili komunisturi nomenklatura Tu Zveli komunisturi warmoebis xelmZRvaneloba.
maT gaaCniaT Sesabamisi kontaqtebi da
informacia, rac maT biznesmenTa axali
fenis birTvad an, yovel SemTxvevaSi,
gavlenian nawilad aqcevs. laparakia
adamianebze, romlebmac kargad ician,
rom demokratia sityvisa da politikuri Sexedulebebis Tavisuflebas niSnavs da miuxedavad amisa, Zalian moxerxebulad SeuZliaT es Tavisufleba
moaqcion garkveul CarCoebSi. sistema,
romliskenac miiswrafvian, ar aris Ria,

piriqiT, aqvs tendencia Tavis TavSi
Caiketos. SeumCnevlad erTiandebian politikuri, ekonomikuri Zalebi da presa. ibadeba warmonaqmni, romelsac didi
xnis win Sevarqvi mafiozuri kapitalizmi da warmatebiT SeiZleba vuwodoT mafiozuri demokratiac (vimowmeb
zakarias mixedviT demokratiisa da
Tavisuflebis klasifikacias an poperis Ria da Caketili politikuri
sistemebis analizs). yovel qveyanaSi,
romelmac Tavidan moiSora komunizmi,
postkomunizms gansxvavebuli saxe aqvs,
magram cota vinme Tu dauZvra am movlenas savsebiT. Tumca dro mirbis, axali
Taobebi izrdebian, sazogadoebis moTminebis fialac ivseba. Semdeg modis axali Taobis revolucia anu? - ufro
zustad? - Tavdapirvel revolucionerTa saqme sruldeba. amjerad angariSsworeba xdeba ukve postkomunizmTan
(ra gagebiTac ukve vaxsene), da ara komunizmTan. da radganac yovel qveyanaSi postkomunizms, cota ar iyos, gansxvavebuli saxe aqvs, maT winaaRmdeg protestis formebic sakmaod gansxvavdeba xolme.
magondeba, iuSCenkosTan Sexvedrisas
movyevi kidec, rogor SemekiTxa erTi
cnobili amerikeli politikosi, romel
areals ekuTvnis ukraina. STabeWdileba
mrCeboda, rom ekuTvnoda im areals,
romelsac Cven dasavleTs veZaxiT. Tumca ase ar mipasuxia. vTqvi, rom es TviT
ukrainis gadasawyvetia. es yvelaferi
moiTxovs patara ganmartebas: dRes Tu
iTqva, rom vinme ekuTvnis dasavleTs,
es JRers erTgvar Seqebad, xolo Tu
sapirispiro iTqmis, msubuq gakicxvad
JRers. es yvelaferi ki dasavluri
qedmaRlobis ti puri gamovlinebaa.
ekuTvnode aRmosavleTs, sircxvili araa,
iseve rogorc evropeloba ar niSnavs
avtomatur privilegias. Tanamedrove
msoflios kargi da mSvidobiani cxovrebis imedi, garda sxva yvelafrisa,
SeiZleba gaaCndes mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dafuZnebuli iqneba civilizaciuri, istoriuli, kulturuli da
geografiuli faqtorebiT ganpirobebuli sxvadasxva didi zeerovnuli an regionuli erTeulis Tanasworuflebian TanamSromlobaze. aseTi TanamSromlobisTvis aucilebel winapirobad gvevlineba mkafio SeTanxmeba imis Sesaxeb, Tu sad iwyeba da sad mTavrdeba
esa Tu is areali; mokled rom vTqvaT,
mkafio SeTanxmeba maTi sazRvrebis Sesaxeb. mxolod zustad gansazRvrul da
Semofarglul erTeulebs SeuZliaT
marTlac partnioruli da Semoqmede-

biTi TanamSromloba; nebismieri aramkveTri, dauzustebeli Tu sakamaTo sazRvrebi momavalSi SeiZleba gadaiqces.
msgavsad erovnuli saxelmwifoebisa
warsulSi, mxolod arastabilurobis,
daZabulobisa da bolos, samxedro konfliqtebis wyarod.
amitomac vfiqrob, rom axali msoflio wesrigis damyareba moiTxovs yuradRebis gamaxvilebas TiToeuli civilizaciuri arealis sazRvrebis problemaze, anu problemaze, romelic SeiZleba gadawydes mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu erTni, am momentisaTvis ufro
mdidarni, sxvebis, am momentisaTvis ufro Raribebis mimarT, Seicvlian qedmaRlur damokidebulebas. amiT vubrundebi
ukrainas.
rkinis fardis dacemis Semdeg mTeli
centraluri evropa da balkaneTi Sevida dasavleTSi. es udavod swori gadawyvetileba iyo, wamosuli sakuTari istoriisa da kulturis swori gagebidan. da mainc, faseulobebiT, magram agreTve geografiiT gansazRvruli dasavleTi, aRmosavleTis romel nawilSi
mTavrdeba? rogor SeZlebs sxvasTan
Sinaarsianad TanamSromlobas, rodesac
sakuTar sazRvrebze anu Tavis raobaze ar gaaCnia naTeli warmodgena? cxadia, im SekiTxvis ukan, romelic xsenebulma amerikelma politikosma damisva,
idga samarTliani SegrZneba imisa, rom
aucilebelia mkafio SeTanxmeba Seqmnis
procesSi myofi zeerovnuli politikuri erTeulebis sazRvrebisa da amdenad, maTi struqturebisa da organizaciebis SesaZlo gafarToebis sazRvrebis
Sesaxebac. rukisa da ukrainis istoriisaTvis Tvalis erTi gadavleba sakmarisia imis saTqmelad, Tu vis ekuTvnis,
magram mjeroda, rom gadamwyveti sityva
TviTon unda eTqva. da rogorc iqna,
Cemda sasixarulod, es sityva warmoiTqva. Zveli msoflio wesrigis msxvrevidan, TxuTmeti wlis Semdeg.
* * *
16. 4. 1995
dasawyisisTvis mokle cnoba Cem Sesaxeb: aRdgomis wina ori dRe (paraskevi
da SabaTi) Zalian sacodavad gavatare: gacofebuli viyavi mTel samyaroze,
jer marto imitom, rom CemTvis ar
arsebobs aranairi aRdgoma da unda
vimuSao (mzad myof saswrafo daxmarebis meddebTan da mZRolTan erTad),
SeiZleba kidev imitom, rom erTdroulad amdeni gamosvla maqvs dasaweri,
an kidev imitom, rom cxvirwin midevs
masalebis sqeli dastebi da saerTod,
uikendze uamravi aseTi administraci-

uli qaRaldi maqvs wasakiTxi (TiTqmis
300 gverdi), an kidev imitom, rom printeri gafuWda, mis gareSe ki sityvas
ver vwer da kidev imitom, rom veravin
momiZebnia printeris gasakeTeblad, yvelani sadResaswaulod arian gakrefili. martosulad vgrZnobdi Tavs, megona
mTelma samyarom Cem winaaRmdeg Sekra
piri, amkida dauZleveli tvirTi da
erToba imis yurebiT, rogor mekeceba
muxlebi. galiaSi gamomwyvdeuli lomiviT davborialobdi oTaxSi da gaurkvevel msxverplze boRmiT vixrCobodi
(miuxedavad imisa, rom mexamridad Cemi
samsaxuri mesaxeboda). bolos situacia cota gamosworda: momiZebnes adamianebi, romlebmac printeri saxeldaxelod SemikeTes da kviras dilidan (anu
dRes), rogorc iqna, daviwye muSaoba.
Sedegebs gigzavniT.
- rogor ebrZodiT im mudmivad mzard
Tayvaniscemas, romelic, Cveulebriv, gonebas ubindavs xolme adamians? gvaxsovs
rogor mogmarTaT profesorma milan
maxovecma realisturi Teatris kulisebSi: Tqven RmerTze meti xarT!
ar maxsovs, raime msgavsi eTqvas, magram
Tu Tqva, es namdvilad naxevrad xumroba
da naxevrad metafora unda yofiliyo.
albaT amiT imis Tqma undoda, rom
maqvs? (yovel SemTxvevaSi im dReebSi
mqonda) daujereblad didi da, rac
mTavaria, yvelasaTvis advilad dasanaxi gavlena movlenebze. cxadia, RmerTs,
Tuki arsebobs, ganuzomlad meti gavlena
aqvs, vidre nebismier mokvdavs, magram
ras izam, misi gavlena ar aris ase advilad dasanaxi, miT umetes, rom mWidrod aris gadajaWvuli Cveni nebis
TavisuflebasTan, rac udavod RmerTis
erT-erTi yvelaze saidumlo qmnilebaa.
da saerTod, ara mgonia, maxovecis
mxridan es wminda Tayvaniscemis gamovlineba iyo. Tumca unda vaRiaro, garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi marTlac
viyavi Tayvaniscemis obieqti da es
albaT, ase iqneboda Cems adgilas myofi
nebismieri sxva adamianis SemTxvevaSic.
me miyurebdnen rogorc adamians, romelmac sazogadoeba miiyvana usazRvrod
Zlevamosili xelisuflebis aparatze
warmatebul da mTlianobaSi umtkivneulo gamarjvebamde, miyurebdnen rogorc
adamians, gamosuls maTive wiaRidan da
ara saZulveli xelisuflebis rigebidan. sxvaTa Soris, es Tayvaniscema mogvianebiT sakmaod Zvirad damijda. yovelgvar kritikas moklebuli brma pativiscema isjeba, isjeba obieqti am pativiscemisa da arasdros? - subieqti.
msgavs situacias xom xSirad vxvdebiT.

57

erTxel ukve vaxsene: dRevandeli CexeTis premieri, jer iyo da usafuZvlod
saukeTeso Cex politikosad monaTles,
Semdeg ki sakuTari sisulelisaTvis
samagiero gadauxades imiT, rom ramdenime dReSi yvelaze cudi politikosebis ricxvs miakuTvnes. am movlenis
fsiqologiuri safuZveli, anu brazi
winandel monur damokidebulebaze ar
iyo Semdgomi usamarTlo kritikis
erTaderTi mizezi. aranakleb mniSvnelovani, Tu ufro mniSvnelovani ara,
iyo is, rom xSirad vemxrobodi umciresobis azrs da amiT vemijnebodi sayovelTaod aRiarebul Sexedulebas, TiTqos politikosi unda iyos umetesobis ganwyobis, Sexedulebis, mimarTebisa Tu mentalitetis amsaxveli sarke.
cxadia, es Cemi mizani ar iyo, magram
bevri, rogorc disidentobis, aseve prezidentobis xanaSi, xedavda CemSi Tavis
miviwyebul sindiss. Cveulebriv ki amas
ar patioben. Tumca, Tqven, ZiriTadad,
gainteresebdaT, Tavbru xom ar damaxvia am yvelaferma. es, albaT, sxvam unda gansajos. Tavbru rom damxveoda, amis
danaxvas da TqvenTvis angariSis Cabarebas namdvilad ver SevZlebdi.
* * *
vaSingtoni, 15. 4. 2005
amerikelebi sul ufro da ufro
mesimpaTiurebian. yovel SemTxvevaSi, isini, visTanac kavSiri maqvs. sul ufro
naklebad mawuxebs is, rasac Zvelad
mZimed veguebodi an sulac sasacilod
meCveneboda. miuxedavad amisa, ramdenime aseT magaliTs mainc moviyvan. uyvarT
kevis ReWva, ris gamoc mcoxnelebs hgvanan. gansakuTrebiT qalebze mxvdeboda es TvalSi. uyvarT (umetesad kacebs)
fexebis magidaze Semowyoba. Wamen warmoudgenlad sqel funTuSebs, gamotenils
riTac gagixardeba, salaTis CaTvliT,
romlis SeWmac, cxadia, gansakuTrebul
niWs moiTxovs. meSinia aseTi funTuSis SeWmisa (arasodes miWamia). pirs
gavixevdi funTuSis zomaze an funTuSas movWyletdi piris zomaze, da yvelafers, rac Sig aris Camaluli, Zirs gadmovafrqvevdi. yovelive amas, ukeTes
SemTxvevaSi, ayoleben wyals, uares SemTxvevaSi ki? - koka-kolas an rZes, Tanac pirdapir boTlidan, konservidan
an plastmasis Wiqebidan Tu fialebidan. mgoni, loTi ar var, magram Wama
ludis an Rvinis miuyoleblad warmoudgenlad mimaCnia. saWmelze wylis
dayoleba cixeSi gatarebul wlebs
magonebs. rac Seexeba plastmasis Wiqebs,
rogorc centraluri evropis mcxovrebs, amerika meCveneba SesafuTebisa da

58

sxva narCenebis qveynad. ar vici riTia
es gamowveuli, TiTqos CvenTanac sakmarisad aris msgavsi SesafuTebi da narCenebi. am sakiTxis kvlevas kidev gavagrZeleb. Zalian did yuradRebas aqceven kbilebis siTeTres, rac Zalian
momwons. aTobiT meTodi aqvT, Tu rogor
miaRwion kbilebis srulyofil siqaTqaTes da arc ise iSviaTia, rom sakuTar met-naklebad janmrTel kbilebs
amjobineben xelovnurs, samagierod ufro lamazs. warsulTan SedarebiT did
cvlilebas vxedav evropuli da iaponuri manqanebis moWarbebis mxriv. ufro
patarebi da ekonomiurebia, vidre amerikulebi, romlebsac, gaugebaria ratom,
magram mainc, ramdenime da Tanac savsebiT zedmeti cxenebis rema aqvT Camaluli ZravaSi da SeuZliaT daSvebulze bevrad meti siCqaris ganviTareba.
- rogor gaxsendebaT hradze gatarebuli Tqveni pirveli wuTebi?
cxadia, qveyanaSi arsebuli atmosferos kvali im pirvel wuTebsac aCnda.
maxsovs, bevrs vicinodiT, Tumca dRes
ukve miWirs dazustebiT vTqva raze
da risTvis. Cveni gundi Sedgeboda
xelovnebis sxvadasxva dargis moRvaweebisagan. moulodnelad es gundi
TviTon aRmoCnda samyaroSi, romelsac
mxolod Soridan icnobda da romelic
aqamde mxolod kritikisa Tu dacinvis
obieqti iyo misTvis. swored Cven unda
gadagvewyvita saswrafod am samyaros
samomavlo bedi. maSindeli Cemi TanamSromlebi ueWvelad gaixsenebdnen aTobiT daujerebel, absurdul da sasacilo SemTxvevas im epoqidan. me ki
siamovnebiT maxsendeba erTi aseTi movlena, cota ar iyos simboluric ki:
meCveneboda, rom Cemi kancelariis sarTulze naklebi oTaxi iyo, vidre es
Seesabameboda hradis am nawils. amitomac movi poveT mkacrad gasaidumloebuli arqiteqturuli gegmebi, gaverkvieT viTarebaSi da dabejiTebiT moviTxoveT im aqamde TiTqosda ararsebul
oTaxebSi Cveni SeSveba. da ra warmogvidga Tvalwin?
uzarmazari, pirquSi, umkacresad gasaidumloebuli varSavis xelSekrulebis
satelegrafo mowyobiloba, romliTac
mxolod im yvelaze zemdgomebs SeeZloT mimowera. vipoveT Sesabamisi Sifris mcodne piri da pirdapir am oTaxidan misasalmebeli telegrama gavugzavne gorbaCovs. rogorc mogvianebiT Sevityve, sabWoelebs Sesatyvisad daufasebiaT am mowyobilobis ase swrafi
aRmoCenis faqti. SesaZloa, telegrafi
- iseve rogorc bevri sxva ram - Cven-

gan dafaruli unda darCeniliyo. TiTqos viRac sadRac ase msjelobda: jer
ar viciT ra da rogor iqneba, iqneb
zogi ram kidev dagvWirdeso. an iqneb
vinmem borotad Tqva: eZebon! an sulac
daaviwydaT da es sxva araferi iyo,
Tu ara Cexuri mouwesrigeblobis kidev
erTi dasturi. Tumca frTxilad, mexsierebas ver daendobi, midrekileba aqvs
Semoinaxos upirvelesad is, rac saukeTeso iyo. cxadia, rogorc revoluciisas, ise prezidentobis pirvel TveebSi gadavitane araerTi mZime wuTi.
vinc uSualod ar agebda pasuxs garkveul mniSvnelovan gadawyvetilebebze, advilad ityvis, rom komunistebTan ase
ar unda gveloliava. magram rodesac
upirispirdebi mowinaaRmdeges, romelsac xelT upyria marTvis yvela sadave da ar ginda, daRvrili sisxlisTvis
cxovrebis bolomde sindisma gqenjnos,
Seni yoveli nabiji safuZvlianad unda
awon-dawono. Tundac milioniani manifestaciis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miReba, ggoniaT, advili saqmea? ubralo
mizezi iyo sakmarisi fsiqozisa da
Wyletis warmosaqmnelad, sakmarisi
imisTvis, rom vinme ahyoloda provokaciebs; samxedro gamanadgureblis erT
ubralo gadafrenas SeeZlo gamoewvia
is, rom xalxs erTmaneTi gadaeTela.
unda vaRiaro - es Cemi fantaziis nayofi araa. mogvianebiT Tavdacvis ministrma miTxra, rom ar iqneboda es Zneli
gansaxorcielebeli anu generalur
StabSi viRacam aseTi gegma xmamaRla
wamoayena kidec. garda amisa, amboben,
rom bevrad ufro saxifaTo gegmebzec
msjelobdnen, vTqvaT praRis aRebaze
satanko Zalebis gamoyenebiT. erTi sityviT, frTxilad unda gvemoqmeda. Tumca
rogorc zogierTi fiqrobs, yovlisSemZle reJimTan aseTi princi puli dapirispirebisas sifrTxile ar niSnavda
maTTan samomavlod Sekvras.
- ras poulobs da ras kargavs adamiani `hradis zRurblis~ gadabijebisas?
me mxolod sakuTar Tavze SemiZlia
vilaparako. SeveWide imas, rac moiTxovda mTel Cems arsebas, ramac mTlianad CamiTria da TiTqmis srulad movwydi sxva saqmeebs. Sevelie Tavisuflebas, mevaleboda vyofiliyavi ufro diplomatiuri, vidre mindoda, ufro sxvagvarad unda movqceuliyavi, vidre amas
vizamdi, prezidenti rom ar vyofiliyavi, sxvagvarad vicvamdi... amasTan, gamovtove civilizaciis ganviTarebis mniSvnelovani monakveTi, rasac mxolod
funqciis Sewyvetis Semdeg mivxvdi, rodesac pirispir Sevejaxe ara marto

mobilurebis, manqanebis, kompiuterebisa da sxva mowyobilobebis axal Taobas, rasac maSin didad ver vadevnebdi
Tvalyurs, aramed cxovrebis srulebiT
axal wess, gansxvavebuls imisgan, romlidanac odesRac gamovabije. miuxedavad
imisa, rom mTeli im xnis ganmavlobaSi
vcdilobdi SeZlebisdagvarad Cveulebrivi cxovrebiT mecxovra, mevlo sayidlebze, quCebSi meseirna, irgvliv mimomexeda, raTa ar movtyuebuliyavi. Tumca,
es mainc ar iyo normaluri cxovreba.
Cvens qveyanaSi es ar gamodioda. da ra
movi pove? princi pSi erTaderTi: viyavi msoflioSi mimdinare didi cvlilebebis uSualo monawile da SemeZlo am
cvlilebebze uSualod momexdina gavlena. es bedis did saCuqrad mimaCnia.
* * *
13. 5. 1995
xuTSabaTs, Cveni saxli yvavilebiT
zRaprulad morTuli damxvda. miuxedavad amisa, erTma savsebiT bunebrivma
SekiTxvam myisve Semawyvetina am mSvenierebiT tkboba: hradis keTilma mebaReebma saxli araoficialurad momirTes
Tu orSabaTs momiva faqtura 10000
kronze? yovel kviras aseTi mdidruli morTulobis safasuris gadaxda
rom mixdebodes, adre Tu gvian aucileblad gadavwyvetdi Sesabamisi Tanxa
gadameca TavSesafrebisTvis, me ki erTiori Cveulebrivi Taiguli CemiT meyida xolme yvavilebis maRaziaSi. kidev:
b. da i. raRacas melaparakebian imis
Taobaze Tu rogor uWirs pani ouSkovas
Cemi perangebis recxva, ramdeni samuSao
aqvs, gasamrjelo ki dabali, Sesabamisad yvela rogor cdilobs am veeberTela problemis gadaWras.
RmerTo Cemo, iciT ras getyviT?
rasac Cemi perangebis ase idealurad
gauToebisaTvis imsaxurebs, srulad gadauxadeT, Cemi an saxelmwifo fulidan,
komunaluri angariSidan, sponsorebisagan, saidanac gnebavT, oRond gamudmebiT raRacebs nu mekiTxebiT da nu msayvedurobT! da Tu es marTlac aseTi
gadauWreli sakiTxia, miTxariT da vipovi sxva mrecxavs, miuxedavad imisa,
rom gasagebia, aravin aris amqveynad
iseTi idealuri, rogoric pani ouSkova.
an kidev: olga erTgvar simbiozSi imyofeba saTburebTan da mebaReebTan, awvdis
maT egzotikur nergebs, isini ki misTvis
zrdian raRac mcenareebs da uceb vigeb,
rom es maTi TanamSromloba aralegaluria! an Tundac es: ganmimartes, rom
yoveli gadasagdebi qaRaldi, rogorc
wesi, savse saxelmwifo saidumloebebiT, unda ganadgurdes da rom saamiso

mowyobilobas hradi ver maTxovebs, amdenad, es qaRaldebi didi mzrunvelobiT unda vagrovo Sin, erT romelime
mkacrad gasaidumloebul adgilas da
drodadro saidumlod vataro hradze
gasanadgureblad. icodeT, me aq aravisi takimasxara ara var! da a.S. cxadia
gesmiT, rom rodesac msgavs fsevdoproblemebs met dros vandomeb, vidre iseT
mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs, rogoricaa Ce-

- ras grZnobdiT, rodesac komunisturma parlamentma agirCiaT prezidentad? amas uyurebdiT, rogorc Tqvens
Tu rogorc maT damcirebas?
ver vityodi, rom es vinmes amcirebda, Tumca SegrZneba udavod gansakuTrebuli mqonda. maxsovs, rogori absurdis
SegrZnebiT vuyurebdi televizorSi
saprezidento arCevnebis debatebs, sadac
jer kidev saxelmwifos xelSi myofi

xeT-germaniis istoriuli SeTanxmeba,
maqvs ufleba gavcxarde! gadawyviteT
es sakiTxebi rogorc geneboT, oRondac
gTxovT Cems Caurevlad! da kidev erTi:
keTili, kanonis maTive interpretaciis mixedviT pha-s ekrZaleba Cemze zrunva,
rodesac ar vcxovrob maT rezidenciaSi, magram miCndeba SekiTxva, maSin mainc
Tu grZnoben raime pasuxismgeblobas,
rodesac maT rezidenciaSi vimyofebi?
Tu grZnoben, maSin vekiTxebi, rodis
aminazRaureben imas, rac moipares rezidenciis garemontebisas (90 000 Cexuri
kroni naRdi fuli, televizori, radio, diqtofono, magnitofoni, axali
uTo, da a.S.) da amiT, am Temas samudamod vasruleb.
axali ambebidan, romlebsac es-esaa
vuyure, Cans, rom rusebma wlisTavTan
dakavSirebuli omis Sewyvetis Semdeg,
umal umZlavresi Seteva miitanes CeCneTze. es didi Rorobaa da amitom
gTavazobT, rom imas, rasac l. etyvis
lebedevs, daematos Cemi mkacri mowodeba elcinisadmi saswrafod SeaCeros
samxedro moqmedebebi. xom ar ajobebda, rom mowodebas werilobiTi saxe
hqondes? an iqneb piradad gadavce?

yvela arsebuli organizaciis saxeliT,
amomrCevels Cemi arCevisaken mouwodebdnen, dawyebuli qalTa kavSiriT da
damTavrebuli Cexoslovakiis saxalxo
armiiT. warmoidgineT, igive xalxi sul
ramdenime dRis win xmamaRla uWerda
mxars Cems devnasa da daWeras! es yovelive marTlac waagavda scenas `mefe
ubudan~. magram usamarTlo viqnebodi,
am yvelafrisTvis mxolod dacinviT
rom meyurebina; es tolfasi iqneboda
policiis dacinvisa, rom yvela erTad
ar dagviWira, an jaris dacinvisa, raime
putCi rom ar moawyo. cxadia, parlamentis aseTi qcevis ukan mniSvnelovanwilad idga SiSi, magram am SiSs, SesaZloa
mkrTal zolad, magram mainc, saxelmwifos winaSe garkveuli pasuxismgeblobis grZnobac gasdevda. yvelgan Cemi
saxeli ewera da gakruli iyo Cemi
portretebi. amas veraviTari centridan
marTuli Tu ZviradRirebuli saarCevno
kampania ver SeZlebda? - parlamenti
garSemortymuli iyo studentebiT,
romlebic deputatebs sTavazobdnen
pursa da marils imis niSnad, rom
surT Zalauflebis axali ZalebisTvis
gadacema mxolod mSvidobiani gziT,

59

Cemi arCeva ki iqca revoluciis erTgvar
dagvirgvinebad, bolo gamocdad. deputatebma gadaavles Tvali saqmis realur viTarebas da, SesaZloa uxalisod,
magram cnes sayovelTao neba. arc erTma
Cvenganma ar icoda ra moxdeboda, rom
ar vyofiliyavi arCeuli. maT ki odnavi
gansjis unari mainc Tu gaaCndaT, unda
mimxvdariyvnen, rom sxva ara darCenodaT ra.
* * *
2. 3. 1998
am SabaT-kviras bolo drois yvelaze
saSineli depresia mqonda. es albaT
Cvens ukanasknel krebasac daetyo? - Cems
Sesaval sityvas. Tu vinmes guneba-ganwyoba gavufuWe, vubodiSeb. meore mxriv,
vfiqrob xolme, rom Cems TanamSromlebs
srulebiTac ar awyendaT xandaxan Tavisi Sefis Cabnelebul sulSi CaexedaTmeTqi.
depresiaSi myofma, cxadia, veraferi
davwere. mxolod dRes (orSabaTs) naSuadRevs, nebisyofis usasrulo daZabviT vZlie Tavs da davwere poloneTis gamosvla. gigzavniT Sesafaseblad.
rogorc ki gamomiCndeba dro da ukeTesi ganwyoba, Jenevis gamosvlasac gadavxedav. dRes aRar moeswreba.
ar vici rogor, magram vxvdebi, rom
unda gamoiyos dro calke gamosvlebis
sawerad da calke - dasvenebisaTvis.
ukve wlebia, uikendi CemTvis gamosvlebis weris tolfasia. es damTrgunvelia. kacs gaseirnebis geSinia da saerTod, sxva yvelafrisac, radganac gaukeTebeli samuSao gawevs da ase `dazafruli~ atareb mTel uikends, imisTvis,
rom mere imedgacruebulma kvira saRamos an orSabaTs dawero. es mZimea. gamosvlebis werac muSaobaa da, yvela
sxva saqmianobis msgavsad, unda damigegmoT ise, rom gamomiTavisufldes uikendebi da sxva dasvenebis dReebi. viRacam ese dawera gazeTSi `mlada fronta
dnes~ imis Sesaxeb, rom vemsgavsebi ordinarul politikoss. ar vici, magram
Tuki es marTlac asea, mxolod imitom,
rom Cemi gamosvlebi aRar aris mTeli
guliT naweri da enamaxviluri.
- Tqveni didi enTuziazmisa da hiperaqtiurobis xanaSi, romelic ukve axseneT, daibada viSegradis idea, romelmac mogvianebiT moimka vaclav klausis xangrZlivi da safuZvliani kritika. xom ar geCvenebaT, rom maSin es iyo
jer kidev moumzadebeli da dauxveweli politikuri proeqti?
dasawyisSi es araviTari proeqti
ar iyo. es iyo Sexvedra, romelic
bratislavis hradze 1990 wlis april-

60

Si movawyve. es iyo komunizmis sayovelTao ngrevis xana, romelic yovel
qveyanaSi Tavisi sakuTari gziTa da
tempiT mimdinareobda.
xelisuflebaSi modiodnen srulebiT gansxvavebuli viTarebidan gamosuli adamianebi, romelTa Sesaxebac isic
ki ar vicodiT, Tu ra urTierTobebi
aqvT erTmaneTTan. poloneTi, Cexoslovakia da ungreTi garkveulwilad centraluri evropis erTian zols qmnian da
istoriul-kulturulad erTmaneTTan

lis CaTvliT, bratislavis hradze asobiT adamianma moiyara Tavi. es erTi
didi improvizacia iyo, ar dagviwesebia Sexvedris Catarebis wesebi, winaswar ar gangvisazRvravs sasaubro Temebi,
araviTari gamomsvlelTa winaswar dadgenili Tanamimdevroba, araviTari sameTvalyureo delegaciebi da salonebi
calkeuli delegaciebisTvis. maxsendeba,
rom luboS dobrovskim, vizitis sruli moumzadeblobis mizeziT dawyebamde
erTi dRiT adre SemomTavaza misi CaS-

axlos arian. garda amisa, kargad aris
cnobili, rom iSviaTad Tu iyvnen erTmaneTTan keTilmezoblur urTierTobebSi
da rom piriqiT, xSirad eomebodnen
kidec erTmaneTs.
evropas mosvenebas ar aZlevda SekiTxva, Tu rogor moiqcevian es axlad
Sobili demokratiebi, yoveli maTgani
Tavis gzas Seudgeba Tu met-naklebad
sinqronizebul politikas gaatareben
an xom ar gamoiRviZebs arqeti puli
mtruli damokidebulebebi. anu, mokled
rom vTqvaT, ainteresebdaT, evropisTvis,
rogorc mTlianisTvis, risi momtani
aris es Zireuli cvlilebebi mis centralur nawilSi da ra Sedegebs gamoiRebs. me ki dainteresebuli viyavi
imiT, rom megobrulsa da saqmian atmosferoSi erToblivad gvesaubra am movlenebis irgvliv da Tan gagvecno erTmaneTi. amitomac movi patiJe samive
Cveni qveynis ara marto umaRlesi saxelmwifo moxeleebi, aramed isinic, vinc
qmnis da ayalibebs sazogadoebriv azrs
am qveynebSi.
Jurnalistebisa da maTi Tanmxleb-

la. es iyo uCveuli sadiskusio forumi,
sadac monawileebs uxdebodaT TviTon
waredginaT sakuTari Tavi, es erTaderTi
saSualeba iyo gagerkvia vin idga Sen
winaSe, ministri, partiuli xelmZRvaneli, istorikosi Tu Jurnalisti. me
iq grZeli Sesavali sityva mqonda,
romlis warmoTqmisas, iseve rogorc
Semdgomi diskusiebis drosac, saSinlad
vitanjebodi, radgan axali gakeTebuli
mqonda Tiaqris operacia da kuW-nawlavis problemebi mawuxebda, saSineli
kuWis aSliloba mqonda da es maSin,
rodesac viyavi am Sexvedris iniciatori, erTaderTi, visac ar SeeZlo ase
ubralod adgoma da gansazRvruli
droiT gasvla.
albaT, aRniSnul problemas unda
vumadlode, rom ase kargad damamaxsovrda mTeli is movlenebi. miuxedavad
aseTi areulobisa, gavbedav da vityvi,
rom es iyo im drois erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi Sexvedra. zustad iq SevTanxmdiT, rom gvinda varSavis xelSekrulebis Sewyveta, Cveni qveynebidan sabWoTa jarebis rac SeiZleba swrafi

moSoreba, karis gaReba iseTi dasavluri
organizaciebisTvis; rogorebicaa, nato,
evropis kavSiri da, rac mTavaria, am
mxriv ara marto TanamSromlobas da
qmedebebis koordinirebas, aramed garkveuli miznebis miRwevis saqmeSi Cveni
Zalebis SeerTebasac veswrafviT. amavdroulad dasavleTs vuCveneT, rom marTalia, Cvens qveynebSi politikuri cvlilebebi sruliad gansxvavebuli gzebiT ganxorcielda da umaRles Tanamdebobebzec gansxvavebuli pirovnebebi
aRmoCndnen, magram miuxedavad amisa, damTavrda uTanxmoebis periodi da iwyeba rkinis fardis msxvrevis Semdgomi
etapi, axali evropis mSeneblobis saqmeSi SemoqmedebiTi TanamSromlobis xana.
SemdgomSic xSirad vikribebodiT,
cxadia, winaswar dagegmil da ukeT
organizebul Sexvedrebze da darwmunebuli var, rom bevrs iqidan, rasac im
periodSi mivaRwieT evropaSi, viSegradis TanamSromlobis gareSe ver SevZlebdiT. balkaneTisa Tu baltiispireTis postkomunistur qveynebsac Cveni
magaliTis mixedviT orientirebis da
Cveni gziT siarulis saSualeba miecaT, SeeZloT dayrdnobodnen Cvens mcdelobebs da amavdroulad dagvxmarebodnen kidec. viSegradis jgufi pirvelad ungrelma Jurnalistebma gviwodes,
es moxda ungreTis viSegradze Sexvedris Semdeg, sadac xeli moewera dokuments Cveni jgufis iuridiuli Camoyalibebis Sesaxeb. maSindeli ungreTis
premieri istorikosi iyo da Sexvedra
zustad im adgilas moawyo, sadac ramdenime aseuli wlis win erTmaneTs Sexvdnen ungreTis, CexeTisa da poloneTis mefeebi. es istoriuli dokumenti namdvilad saWiro da mniSvnelovani
iyo, Tumca davumateb, rom arc erT
oficialur dokumentSi Cveni gundisaTvis viSegradis jgufi ar gviwodebia.
am pasuxiT, romelic yvelas gansakuTrebulad CarCa mexsierebaSi, CemTan
dakavSirebuli Jurnalisturi kliSe
kidev ufro gavamdidre, brali damedo,
rom vmalav Cems Secdomebs da amitom
gaxSirda mowodebebi, vaRiaro isini.
erTgvar `dakiTxvobana-aRiarobanas~ TamaSs daemsgavsa situacia.
erTi ki aris, unda vaRiaro, ar var
aranairi mosiarule legenda da zRapruli princi. erTi miwieri arseba
var, romelic yvela danarCeniviT cxovrebis bilikze Secdomebis, gaumarTlebeli molodinebis da mcdari qmedebebis kvals tovebs. amgvari aRsarebis
daZaleba ar mWirdeba, amas xom CemiTac yovel nabijze vaRiareb. magram

modiT seriozulad, Tuki momsvlia
Secdomebi, amaSi lomis wili Cems dabneulobas miuZRvis, sakuTar TavSi daurwmuneblobasa da zrdilobianobas, romelic kompromisulobas esazRvreba xolme (ixileT raSidis SemTxveva). arasodes vicodi im avtoritetis gamoyeneba, gansakuTrebiT pirvel etapze, romelic gamaCnda. sxvaTa Soris verc misi
SenarCuneba SevZeli. xSirad movlenas
Tvalyurs vadevnebdi dabneulad, maSin,
rodesac SemeZlo situaciis gadarCena da ara Cemi konstituciuri uflebebis gamoyenebiT, aramed Cemi araformaluri, piradi avtoritetis xarjze,
romlis gamoc Cemi sityvebi ufro seriozulad iqneboda miRebuli. warmoidgineT, ramdeni mkacrad kritikuli
da imavdroulad, konstruqciuli gamosvla mqonia, politikosebi zrdilobianad taSs mikravdnen, zogierTi farulad mxarze xelsac ki Semomkravda
xolme kmayofilebiT, magram sabolood,
Cemi sityvebidan aravis araferi miutania gulTan axlos.
SeiZleba zustad es aris imis erTerTi mizezi, rom Jurnalistebi xSirad
meocnebed, utopistad da idealistad
momixseniebdnen xolme. magram me ar
SemiZlia ar viyo is, vinc var. cxadia,
Tavis droze Teoriulad SemeZlo
xelT megdo Zalaufleba samoqalaqo
forumSi, meqcia umZlavres partiad,
momepovebina misTvis fuli, meTamaSa
umravlesobis instinqtebze da Semdeg
maT davyrdnobodi xelisuflebaSi. magram ase rom movqceuliyavi, gana es me
viqnebodi? da saerTod SevZlebdi ki
amas? warmogidgenivarT am rolSi?
* * *
vizitis konceptualuri, politikuri da organizaciuli momzadebiT, iseve
rogorc misi msvlelobiT, uzomod kmayofili var. vizits gaaCnda yvelaferi is, rasac gamudmebiT moviTxovdi
anu idea, eTika, arqiteqtura, stili...
gasagebia, rom maT samzareulosa da
Sinaur saqmeebSi kargad Caxeduli ar
viyavi, miuxedavad amisa, vizits vuyureb rogorc mSvenivrad organizebulsa
da kargad Catarebuls, romelmac gadaaWarba Tavisi mimdinareobiTa da mniSvnelobiT Cems yovelgvar molodins. amdenad, kidev erTxel gamovTqvam kmayofilebas da madlierebas rpk-s yvela im
TanamSromlis mimarT, romelmac es daimsaxura. aRar gavagrZeleb da pirdapir gadaverTvebi zogierT wvrilmanze,
romlebTan dakavSirebiTac maqvs kritikuli SeniSvnebi an Sinagani daukmayofileblobis grZnoba.

2) gasagebia, rom yoveli zedmeti
monawile vizits arTulebs. amitom
vkiTxulob, bevrni xom ar viyaviT?
amavdroulad, TiTqos ver vixseneb veravis, vinc zedmeti iyo.
3) ministrebTan da maT amalasTan
TanamSromlobis sakiTxi, umjobesia sityvieri garCevisaTvis Semovinaxo. koCarnikma da sebalam bevri saqme gaakeTes da sirTuleebi ar SeuqmniaT. maTi
TanaSemweebi ras akeTebdnen ar vici,
Tumca SesaZloa raime mniSvnelovans
akeTebdnen kidec, siamovnebiT davijerebdi amas. zieleniecTan dakavSirebiT
saqme ufro rTulad iyo. politikuri TanamSromloba masTan kargad gamomdioda, mciredi uTanxmoebac ki ar gvqonia, piriqiT, kargad vavsebdiT erTmaneTs. sxva mxriv ki sakmaod orazrovan rols asrulebda (zurgs ukan yvela
gaWora rpk-Si. patar-patara maxis dageba, mis TanmxlebTa gaugebari roli, misi drogamoSvebiTi uxasiaToba im mizeziT, rom Cems CrdilSi imyofeba, arasakmarisi komunikabeluroba, mcdelobebi
gamxdariyo ufro TvalSisacemi da
misT.). metic, kulisebs miRma cdilobda koCarniksa da sabelaze uaryofiTi
gavlenis moxdenas (rom masaviT Cems
jinze emoqmedaT xolme da rpk-s winaaRmdeg yofiliyvnen ganwyobili). misuli, saparlameto liderebi, mTeli diplomatiuri korpusi, armiis xelmZRvaneloba, umaRlesi sasamarTlo, bankirebi,
biznesmenebi da a.S., erTi sityviT, yvela,
vinc am qveyanaSi raimes warmoadgens.
miuxedavad amisa, SevamCnie, rom Cexebi
idgnen da saubrobdnen ZiriTadad isev
CexebTan. es Zalian uxerxulad, SeiZleba iTqvas, goimurad gamoiyureboda.
rpk-dan zogierTi Tavs ganawyenebulad igrZnobs, radganac maspinZlebsac
esaubreboda. nu ganawyendeba, gamonaklisi kanonzomierebas adasturebs. cxadia,
es yvelas ar exeba, magram me gadavitane is koSmari, rom saiTac ar gavixede,
vxedavdi aTobiT tailandels Soris
mdgar da erTmaneTSi mosaubre Cexebs,
an sulac ganmartoebulebs.
5). rogorc yvelas mogexsenebaT, miyvars restornebi, var cnobismoyvare
da verafriT gamakvirvebs kaci. amitomac, rodesac mivabijebdi bangkokis ganTqmul aveniuze, romelic Tqvenc yvelam
kargad iciT, guli mewvoda, erotikuli garTobis quCebs rom Cavuvlidi
xolme. erTxel cxovrebaSi ra siamovnebiT davxedavdi iqaurobas! magram
vicodi, rom mefis stumari var, rom
mefe informirebulia Cemi yoveli nabijis Sesaxeb, rom Tavs amis uflebas,

61

ubralod ver mivcem da morCa. da ai,
ratom vlaparakob amaze: ar mimaCnia
misaRebad is, rom mTelma Cemma delegaciam, finansTa ministris TaosnobiT,
moinaxula xsenebuli adgilebi. metic,
fotoebic gadaiRes. ras fiqrobs amaze tailandis mefe, ar vici.
* * *
- mravali mniSvnelovani movlenis
monawile da mowme iyaviT. Tqveni, rogorc prezidentis, cxovrebidan ras
miiCnevT yvelaze mniSvnelovnad da raSi
xedavT pirad politikur warmatebas?
dRes, albaT, bevrma, gansakuTrebiT
umcrosma Taobam, aRar icis ras warmoadgenda `varSavis xelSekruleba~. maTTvis es morigi politikuri movlenaa
sxva mraval movlenas Soris da zogierTi im azrs emxroba, rom es paqti
TavisTavad, avtomaturad, daiSala istoriis TviTdinebis mizeziT. es ase
ar gaxlavT. aucileblad dasaSleli
iyo, Tumca es ar iyo advili. Cvens
qveynebSi sabWoTa jarebi idga; Cveni
generaluri Stabebi, met-naklebad, sabWoTa mTavarsardlobis filialebs da
sabWoTa samxedro dazvervis calkeul
samsaxurebs warmoadgenda; aTwleulebis manZilze sazogadoebriv azrovnebaSi nergavdnen eWvs gareSe mdgom fundamentur dogmas am aliansis sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb. Tavisufali arCevnebi SegveZlo gvdomeboda da
gvqonoda kidec, SegveZlo konstituciurad dakanonebuli komunisturi partiis wamyvani roli gagveuqmebina, SegveZlo gveyvira Tavisufali presisa da
sabazro ekonomikis Sesaxeb, magram `varSavis xelSekrulebis~ (sabWoTa hegemoniisa da Zalmomreobis am ZiriTadi
iaraRis) gauqmebis azri radikalebsac
ki ukiduresad saxifaTod miaCndaT.
gorbaCovs, cxadia, arc ki daesizmreboda,
rom vinmes msgavsi survili gauCndeboda. da rodesac amaze xmamaRali saubari daiwyo, ukiduresad rTuli situaciis winaSe aRmoCnda. erTi mxriv,
uxeSi samxedro Zalis gamoyeneba aRar
SeeZlo, es mTeli misi `perestroikisaTvis~ TavSi Cartyma iqneboda. meore
mxriv, unda scodnoda, rom am paqtis
daSlas Sedegad sabWoTa kavSiris ngreva mohyveboda. dasawyisisaTvis vsaubrobdiT sruliad evropuli usafrTxoebis axal struqturaze, romelsac yovelgvari sircxvilis gareSe SeuerTdeboda `varSavis xelSekrulebis~ qveynebi. mogvianebiT, axali saerTaSoriso
situaciidan gamomdinare, saubari daiwyo `xelSekrulebis~ samxedro struqturis gauqmebaze, politikuri struq-

62

turis gauuqmeblad, rac mis cariel
simbolod gadaqcevas gulisxmobda.
sruli gauqmeba ki mxolod ramdenime
TviT gvian, Tavdasxmebis am grZeli
jaWvis bolos moxerxda. dRes ukve
Zneli asaxsnelia, erTi mxriv, ra riskTan
iyo dakavSirebuli da meore mxriv,
ramdenad saWiro iyo es manevrebi (ara
mxolod `velikoderJavuli~ miswrafebebis gamo, aramed sazogadoebrivi azris
gaTvaliswinebiTac). dabolos, rac Seexeba Cvens pirad azrebs, yvelas gvesmoda, `varSavis xelSekruleba~ unda daSliliyo, magram dasawyisSi aravin icoda rogor SeiZleboda amis sisruleSi moyvana. maxsendeba, rom patara problema ungrelebTan Segveqmna. maT ar
undodaT `varSavis xelSekrulebis~
gauqmeba? - undodaT paqtidan zarzeimiT gamosvla. es ki paqtis gauqmebis
SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebeli xdeboda. maT
am pozicias Rrma istoriuli fesvebi
gaaCnda. grZnobdnen ra uzarmazari simboluri mniSvneloba eqneboda ungreli
xalxisTvis im nabijs, romlis gadadgmis mcdelobisTvisac 1956 wels ungrelebi sisxlSi CaaxrCves. maxsovs, moskovSi `varSavis xelSekrulebis~ erTerT samitze, Cven, polonelebma da aRmosavleT germanelebma, sastumroSi ungrelebs imdeni vuCiCineT SuaRamemde, rom
bolos gadmovibireT kidec. es ar iyo
martivi saqme da did Zalisxmevas moiTxovda Cvengan. ganskuTrebiT ki imis
gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu raoden zantad
da uxalisod gvtovebdnen sabWoTa jarebi, magram bolos mainc movaxerxeT
Cvenis gatana. 1991 wlis zafxulis
im wams, rodesac, rogorc Tavmjdomare qveynis warmomadgenelma, ukanaskneli
samitis daxurvisas sazeimod vauwye
mTel msoflios, rom `varSavis xelSekruleba~ es-esaa daiSala, vTvli mTeli
Cemi cxovrebis yvelaze gamorCeul momentad. miT umetes, rom es moxda praRaSi? - qalaqSi, romelsac sul raRac
ocdaTormeti wlis win Tavs daesxa
es paqti. cxadia, rogorc gamnaRmvelTa
qvedanayofis, anu klasobrivi mtrebisTvis gankuTvnili tradiciuli sabWouri eSafotis erT abuCad agdebul
da yovlad sasacilo mebrZols, msoflioSi umZlavresi ori samxedro aliansidan erT-erTis likvidatoris rolSi Tavi sakmaod absurdulad unda megrZno. gorbaCovi am TviTlikvidaciur
samits ar daeswro, mas ianaevi cvlida,
dostoevskis erTgvari daRvremili loTi, romelsac etyoba gorbaCovze uaresi
nervebi hqonda da samitidan sami kviris
Semdeg putCis moxdena scada. amiT

sabolood daasamara TviT sabWoTa kavSiri, romelsac `varSavis xelSekrulebis~ daSlis Semdeg didi xnis sicocxle isedac ar ewera. `varSavis xelSekrulebis~ daSliT, am TiTqmis daviwyebuli istoriuli movleniT, sabolood
dasrulda msoflios bipolaruli dayofa da Cveni civilizacia Seudga
axali da ukeTesi msoflio wyobis
Ziebis rTul gzas. saWiroa aRiniSnos,
jer kidev ver i pova da verc i povis,
sanam administratori politikosebi
ase Zlier sWarboben meocnebeebs.
- bevrs saubrobT postkomunizmis
Sesaxeb. Tqvens wignSi `Zlierni Zalauflebis gareSe~, daaxloebiT ocdaaTi wlis win, gamoiyeneT termini `postdemokratia~. ras gulisxmobdiT?
postdemokratiis qveS vgulisxmobdi demokratias, romelic, xelaxla
ikrefs Tavis saxalxo Sinaarss. sxva
arafers da arc erTi gramiT mets, anu
demokratias, romelic ar aris mxolod
formaluri, mxolod institucionuri,
mxolod eleganturi meqanizmi, romelic
xelisuflebaSi erTi da imave adamianebis darCenas emsaxureba, oRond ise,
rom moqalaqeebs SegrZneba eqmnebaT, TiTqos yovelTvis TviTon irCeven. SesaZloa, cota gulubryvilod, magram vcdilobdi ganmemarta mxolod is, rasac
dRemde vfiqrob da Tanac dRes kidev
ufro akviatebiT: Tuki ar gvinda, rom
Cveni saqme cudad warimarTos, saWiroa
`gulebisa da Tavebis revolucia~ rogorc masariki uwodebda amas, adamianTa gamorkveva farTo gagebiT. yuradRebis gadatana ukve sakmarisad moZvelebuli da ukiduresad teqnokratiuli
politikuri partiebis alternativis
Ziebaze, yovel SemTxvevaSi, mowodeba
maTi Sinagani ganaxlebisaken; mcdeloba
CamovaSoroT maT Sefaruli da SeumCneveli yvelganSeRmwevi Zalaufleba,
romelic ewinaaRmdegeba TviT warmomadgenlobiTi demokratiis princi pebs;
meti mzrunveloba Ria samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebaze da sxvadasxva
sazogadoebrivi dajgufebebis rekonstruqciaze, rogorc sazogadoebis solidarobisa da TviTkontrolis xelsawyoze; yuradRebis aqcentireba grZelvadian interesebze, politikis sulier
da zneobriv ganzomilebaze. es yvelaferi ZiriTadi idealis sxvadasxva
aspeqts warmoadgens. es ideali arcTu
iseTi rTulia. mas SeiZleba vuwodoT
kacobriobis gamosvla TviTgamanadgurebeli civilizaciuri vardnidan.
dasasruli
Semdeg nomerSi

qarTuli wignebi ukve xelmisawvdomia emigrantebisaTvis
qarTvelisTvis, msoflios romel
wertilSic ar unda iyos is, qarTuli wignis mniSvneloba ualternativo iyo da aris. eleqtronuli
teqnologiebis ganviTarebam qarTuli
wignebi yvelasTvis xelmisawvdomi
gaxada. eleqtronuli wignebis saxli „saba“ yvelas, visac ainteresebs
da uyvars qarTuli wignebi, sTavazobs 500-ze meti wignis eleqtronul versias. aq aris Tanamedrove
Tu klasikuri qarTuli literatura, sabavSvo wignebi, „sabas“ premiis
laureatebi... maTi wakiTxva SesaZlebelia nebismier kompiuterSi, iPad,
iPod Touch da iPhone-Si, KindleSi
da sxva el-wamkiTxvelebSi.
proeqti - „qarTuli eleqtronuli wignebis saxli saba“ Tibisi
bankis mxardaWeriT xorcieldeba.
aRniSnuli iniciativa qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki,
sazRvargareT mcxovrebi TanamemamuleebisaTvis mniSvnelovani gaxlavT.
„erT karg qarTul wigns wavikiTxavdi“... - gaixseneT sazRvargareT
mcxovreb axloblebTan, Tundac, bolo
saubari, qarTuli literatura xom
ar mousaklisebiaT?!.. swored maTTvis, visac literatura uyvars, qarTuli eleqtronuli wignebis saxli
Seiqmna. qarTuli literatura dRes
ukve xelmisawvdomia maTTvis, vinc
samSoblosgan Sors cxovrobs!
Cven gvaxsovs droebi, roca ucxoeTSi wasuli qarTvelebi, ara Tu

qarTul wigns, enasac kargavdnen.
dRes araerTi qarTveli patrioti
cxovrobs samSoblos gareT, mSobel
dedas, mSobel enas mowyvetili Svilebi,
romlebic ar kargaven erovnul TviTSegnebas da ician, rom qarTuli meoba
Svilebs unda uwiladon!
biblioTekis virtualur Taroebze
SexvdebiT konkursis sxvadasxva wlebis
nominant da laureat avtorTa wignebs.
aseve, qarTuli Tu ucxouri klasikis
Sedevrebs da Tanamedrove literaturis bestselerebs.
Tanamedrove cifruli mediis ganviTareba wigns, rogorc kacobriobis umTavres sainformacio matarebels, axal
SesaZleblobebs sTavazobs.
mcire zomis eleqtromkiTxvelebSi
5000-mde wignis Senaxvaa SesaZlebeli,
am raodenobis nabeWdi wignebiT biblioTekis Seqmnas xSirad erTi adamianis
cxovrebac ar yofnis. Tanamedrove teqnologiebi ki saSualebas iZleva, mTeli
Tqveni biblioTeka erT patara eleqtronul mowyobilobaSi moaTavsoT da
Tan ataroT.
Cveni mizania, Tanamedrove qarTulma
da aramarto qarTulma literaturam
SeaRwios erTi SexedviT ukve yofiT
sagnebad qceul Cvens eleqtro-aqsesuarebSi - telefonebSi, pirad kompiuterebSi da planSetebSi...
rogor gavxdeT „sabas“ eleqtronuli wignebis saxlis mkiTxveli?
akrifeT internetSi www.saba.com.
ge da Tqven moxvdebiT qarTuli lite-

raturis araCveulebriv veb-sivrceSi! daregistrirdiT, SearCieT da
CamotvirTeT eleqtronuli wignebi,
SeqmeniT sakuTari eleqtronuli biblioTeka da Tan atareT Tqveni sayvareli qarTuli wignebi yvelgan da
yovelTvis.
wignebis fasi $1-dan iwyeba. maTi
SeZena SegiZliaT nebismieri bankis
VISA an MasterCard baraTiT.
wignis SeZenamde `saba~ saSualebas
gaZlevT, ufasod waikiTxoT misi
fragmenti... eleqtronuli wignebis
saxlSi SegiZliaT daregistrirdeT
Tqveni feisbuqis saxeliTa da paroliT, an gaiaroT avtorizaciisa da
registraciis procedurebi, ris Semdegac gaixsneba Tqveni biblioTeka.
SeZenili wigni avtomaturad moTavsdeba Tqvens biblioTekaSi, virtualur `Taroze~. sakuTari parolis
saSualebiT, Tqven SeZlebT estumroT
Tqvens biblioTekas internetSi CarTuli nebismieri mowyobilobiT.
SeZenili wignebis wakiTxvas internetis gareSec SeZlebT,
ase rom, Tu cxovrobT samSoblosgan Sors da monatrebuli gaqvT qarTuli literatura, „saba“ swored
TqvenTvisaa! dReidan Tqven SegiZliaT
SeqmnaT sakuTari qarTuli biblioTeka msoflios nebismieri qveynidan,
yvelgan Tan gqondeT Tqveni sayvareli wignebi da mudmivad CarTuli
iyoT qarTul literaturaSi mimdinare procesebSi.

63

kidev
erTi
kidev erTi
Tbili
Tbili saRamo
saRamo

Tebervlis civi saRamoa, moTovso, - acxadebdnen.
Cven qarTul sinagogisaken mivemarTebiT, qvinsSi - qarTveli ebraelebiMmwerlisa da mTargmnelis jemal ajiaSvilis gardacvalebidan ocdameaTe dRes aRniSnaven.
ai, qarTuli sinagogac. mZimed iReba masiuri xis kari
da maspinZeli gulTbilad gvepatiJeba SenobaSi. samZimars
iRebs batoni mixeil fizicki Cvengan da pirovnebaze, romelmac Tavisi SemoqmedebiT Rvawli dasdo qarTul azrovnebas da romelic erTnairad dagvaklda ori ers, dananebiT
gviyveba.
adre mogvsvlia mosvla. samlocvelodan rabinis xma
ismis... darbazSi ki, sadac maspinZeli migviZRvis, jer TiTo-orola kaci trialebs, samzadisSi arian. batoni mixeili gverdidan ar gvcildeba, yuradRebas momxiblavi qalbatonic gvaqcevs - finjan yavaze gvepatiJeba.
mxatvris, cisana janaSvilis, aseve misi mamis, cnobili
Semoqmedis, mose janaSvilis ferwerul tiloebze presidan msmenia, verasodes movxvdi mis gamofenebze.Mvici, misma
funjma araerTi iSviaTi portreti Seqmna, sadac ferTa
gamis Suq-CrdilebiT ostaturad gadmosca pirovnebis fiqris sagani. vigeb, rom jemal ajiaSvilis suli manve aametyvela tiloze. Aaseve Zalian STambeWdavi gamouvida `vefxistyaosnis~ ebraul enaze mTargmnelis, boris gaponovis
portretic - batoni miSa fizickis jerac saRebavSeuSrobel wignis garekanze da meri ServaSiZe galaktionis warmosaxvaSi...
darbazi nel-nela ivseba Cvens tkbil qarTulze mosaubre adamianebiT. isini esalmebian erTmaneTs, eferebian, maT
metyvelebaSi kuTxur kiloebs viWer. gaocdeba kaci, erTi
imerulad uqcevs, meore mZime raWuliT welavs sityvebs,
mesame samegrelodan unda iyos Camosuli, cota siRrmidan
akademiuri qarTulic ismis... stumar-maspinZlobis zRvars
ukve veRar vgrZnob, guli siyvaruliT mevseba, CemianebSi
var, Cems qarTvelebSi, Cemi qarTuli mesmis. qarTuls maT
nakvTebSic vpoulob, zogs naTesavs vamsgavseb da minda, saTiTaod Cavixuto, Cavekra Cvens istoriul TanamoZmeebs, maT,
vinc yvelaze metad Seiyvara, daafasa Cemi samSoblo.
ekrani irTveba. baton simon krixelis gadaRebuli dokumenturi filmidan jemal ajiaSvili xmis tembriT aTbobs
darbazs. senakTan dakavSirebul bavSvobas ixsenebs, skolasTan dakavSirebul wlebs. daRlili da sevdaCamdgari TvalebiT eferebao iqaur mezoblebs, iseT detalebs hyveba imdroindeli cxovrebidan, TviTonve rom siamovnebs da eRimeba.
siyvaruliT laparakobs saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSirsa

64

V

da mwerlebze, iranSi mivlinebis dros Tarjimnad muSaobis epizodebs aanalizebs...
vusmen Rvawlmosil pirovnebas da vfiqrob, jemal ajiaSvils Cveulebrivi mokvdaviviT ar ucxovria, samwerlo asparezis garda, erTa Soris humanuri xidis gamagrebisa da
ganmtkicebis misiiTac mosula amsofelSi, im istoriuli
gzis monakveTis SenarCunebis didi misiiT, sadac erTmaneTs
Sexvda `ori monaTesavi suli, iudeveli da qarTveli
qristeani, romelTac siZvelisadmi grZnoba-pativi Zvalsa
da rbilSi aqvT gamjdari, romelTa fesvebic uZveles saukuneebSi ikargeba. isini Sexvdnen da modian mas Semdeg erTmaneTis gverdiT, rogorc `erTsul da erTxorc~ - saerTo bediT, saerTo cremliT, saerTo fiqriTa da saerTo
tkiviliT, erTnairad dastirian Seginebul taZrebsa da
aCexil venaxebs. vazis siyvarulic saziaro azriTa da
simbolikiT aqvT ganmtkicebuli~.
Cveni sasiqadulo batoni oTar sefiaSvili xsnis saRamos da mweralTan urTierTobis epizodebs ixsenebs. siamaye da siTbo igrZnoba gamomsvlelebs Soris - ioseb patarakaciSvili, cisana janaSvili, mixeil fizicki...
garda imisa, rom batoni jemali saocrad flobda qarTuls, romelic mis samwerlo enad miaCnda, Rrmad wvdeboda kidev ramdenime enasac: Targmnili aqvs msoflio klasikuri poeziis araerTi nimuSi, bibliuri fsalmunebi, andalusieli ebraelebisa da sparsi poetebis leqsebi, Zvelegvi pturi sagaloblebi, Seqspiris, Cimakacus, tirso de molinas,
karlo gocis poemebi, dantes, petrarkas, miqelanjelos,
rilkes sonetebi, neli zaqsis, mandelStamis, pasternakis da
sxvaTa poeturi nimuSebi. qarTuli Teatrebis scenaze idgmeboda misi originaluri da Targmnili piesebi. gaxldaT
Rirsebis ordenis kavaleri, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo premiis
laureati, sabas, ivane maCablis da ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis premiebis laureati...
vusmen gamomsvlelebs da kiTxva mitrialebs TavSi,
qarTveli ebraeli Tu ebraeli qarTveli, romeli ufro
iyo mis pirovnebaSi. mere CemTvis vaskvni, rom jemal ajiaSvili qarTveli yofila suliT, iudeveli xorciT. sxva
SemTxvevaSi ityoda, dawerda masze qarTveli sazogadoeba,
misi qarTuli samegobro wre mis gardacvalebasTan dakavSirebiT, rom didi Svili daaklda saqarTveloso? (`rogorc
egviptelma faraonma ver SeZlo ebraelTa gonebidan sakuTari samSoblos xsovnis waSla, ise saqarTvelos ukvdavi
sulis idumal xveulebSi, romelic misi ukeTesi Svilebis saxelebs inaxavs, erT-erTi sapatio da samudamo adgi-

li SenTvisac gamoinaxebao~ - z. botkoveli)
fiqris stiqia drodadro iudevelTa istoriis furclebs maxsenebs, miT umetes, rom udabnoSi araferi Secvlila
aTa-babadan: dRisiT kvlav mwveli mze eTamaSeba oqrosfrad
aelvarebul qviSas, Ramis wyvdiadSi ikargeba horizonti
da `qnarze~ aRiRinebuli qaric iseve gulmodgined kveTs
peizaJis konturebs, rogorc maSin, roca qaravnad dawyobili hurianni Seupovrad kvalavdnen aRTqmuli qveynisaken
mimaval gzas. samiaTasxuTasi weli gaibna mas mere drosa
da sivrceSi, kacobriobis arsebobis WrilSi ki kvlav irekleba egvi ptes monobas TavdaRweuli da Semdegdroindeli istoriuli qartexilebis gamo samSoblodan devnili
da gafantuli xalxis gminva, visma STamomavalma ar daiviwya `udabnos Taoba~, `qnarsac~ xmovaneba SeunarCuna da
mis `jibis samSoblos~ (haine) - bibliasac ar daado siZvelis mtveri, radgan es `wignTa wigni~ Tanamemamuleebs,
`tyveobisa da Tavisuflebis~ ers gamaerTianeblad da
Semkrebad egulveboda saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi da egulvebis
dResac da iseTive grZnobiT Cascqeris mis striqonebs,
rogori erTgulebiTac ufeTqavda guli sjulismdebel
moses, TanamoZmed roca ganucxada: `dRes iqmeniT Tqven
erad, rameTu miiReT Tora...~
`mokle mexsiereba” icis sxvis cisqveS yofnam. usamSobloba marto fizikuri tkivili ar aris, sulieric emateba,
moraluric, anadgurebs adamians da Sesabamisad ersac. ebraeli xalxi didi xania ebrZvis am tkivils, eqvsqimiani
varskvlavi (`magen david-daviTis fari) gulSi amosWria,
`Tu dagiviwyo, ieruSalaim~ sunTqvas amohyveba xolme
drodadro... imedic didi ramea, Tu gonebaSi CabeWdila
winaparTa Segoneba, rom enis Ralati bolosdabolos eris
Ralatia, rom sakuTari enisa da erovnulobis TavisTavadobis Senaxva, Talmudis avtorebis mier yvelaze RvTiur
madladaa Seracxuli (`egvi pteSi yofnisas ebraelebi erT
adgilas ikribebodnen da erTi ojaxiviT cxovrobdnen;
fici dades, rom erTmaneTs mxarSi amoudgebodnen da wmindad
Seinaxavdnen patriarqebis aRTqmas, ar daiviwyebdnen winaparTa enas...~). albaT, swored ebraeli xalxis cxovrebis
magaliTma aTqmevina erT didaqtikoss, `waarTviT xalxs
yvelaferi da is yvelafris Tavidan Seqmnas SeZlebs. axal
samSoblos kidev Seqmnis xalxi, magram ena Tu waarTviT, veRarasodes Seqmnis axalso~.
ormagad daumZima satarebeli tvirTi bedma qarTvel
ebraelT, orjer metad gaumZafra samSoblos siyvarulis
grZnoba, im miwisaTvis eca pativi, SviladmiRebuls rom
miuCina bina-alagi, mis RviZlTan erTad. iqneb imitom SeuyvardaT guli pirveladmosul huriannT iberTa dedaqalaqze, `mTis kalTebze Sefenili mcxeTa, Tavisi bibliuri
sanaxebiT, pirvelive xilvisTanave rom ierusalimis cocxal
xatad aRibeWda maT cnobierebaSi~? iqneba `dedobilis~
kalTasCakonilma xalxma amitomac Segviqmna `meore ierusalimi~, riTac mcxeTa Zalauneburad bibliur misteriasac aziara?
jemal sefiaSvilis mosagonari saRamo tkbili sufriT
mTavrdeba da saqarTvelosa da israelis, qarTvelTa da qarTvel ebraelTa urTierTobis sadRegrZeloc ismeba. saerTo
samSoblos ambebs gvekiTxebian qarTveli ebraelebi qarTvelebs, zogs gagris ambavi ainteresebs, zogs senakisa, zogs
onis. maT Soris imereTidan Camosulebi gansakuTrebul
interess iCenen, ra xdeba quTaisSio. erTma saTno qalbatonma Tvalcremlianma gvTxova, - Cemi saxlis kedlebi damikocneTo...
giuli wereTeli

namdvili ambavi

vaSingtonSi metros sadgurze kaci Camojda da
violinos dakvra daiwyo. ianvris civi dila idga.
45 wuTis ganmavlobaSi man baxis eqvsi piesa Seasrula. pikis saaTi iyo da, gamoTvlebis mixedviT, am xnis
ganmavlobaSi mas aTasobiT adamianma Cauara. maTgan
umravlesoba samsaxurSi miiCqaroda.
sami wuTis Semdeg Suaxnis mamakacma yuradReba miaqcia musikoss. man nabiji Seanela, ramdenime wamiT SeCerda kidevac; Semdeg kvlav Tavis saqmeebze gaeCqara.
kidev erTi wuTis Semdeg meviolinem pirveli dolari daimsaxura: Camvlelma qalma fuli Caugdo da
ar SeCerebula, ise ganagrZo gza.
ramdenime wuTis Semdeg viRac kaci kedels mieyrdno da yuri miugdo dakvras; magram Semdeg saaTze
daixeda da wavida. cxadia, samsaxurSi agviandeboda.
yvelaze meti yuradReba musikoss sami wlis biWunam
miaqcia. mas deda xelCakidebuls miarbeninebda, magram
bavSvi SeCerda, musikosisTvis rom Seexeda. bolos da
bolos dedam Zlierad gaqaCa bavSvi da Tan gaiyola.
biWuna wavida, magram wamdauwum Tavs atrialebda, sanam meviolinis danaxva SeeZlo. aseve moiqca ramdenime sxva bavSvic. uklebliv yvela mSobeli aiZulebda
Svils, gza ganegrZo.
45 wuTis ganmavlobaSi, sanam musikosi ukravda,
mxolod eqvsi adamiani SeCerda da dayovnda raRac
xniT. ociode adamianma mas fuli misca, magram nabiji
ar SeunelebiaT. sul 32 dolari Segrovda. rodesac
man dakvra daamTavra da siCume Camovarda, arc es SeumCnevia vinmes. taSi aravis daukravs, arc sxva gziT
gamouxatavT aRtaceba.
aravin icoda, rom es mevioline iyo joSua beli
- msoflios erT-erTi saukeTeso musikosi. man 3,5 milion dolarad Rirebul violinoze Seasrula erTerTi yvelaze rTuli nawarmoebi, rac ki odesme dawerila.
metros sadgurze gamarTul koncertamde ori
dRiT adre joSua beli bostonis TeatrSi ukravda
savse darbazSi. mis koncertze dasaswrebi bileTis
fasi saSualod 100 dolars Seadgenda.
es namdvili ambavi gaxlavT. joSua belis inkognito gamosvla „vaSington postis“ organizebuli
iyo da socialuri eqsperimentis nawils Seadgenda.
misi mizani xalxis aRqmis, gemovnebis da prioritetebis gamovlena iyo. kiTxva amgvarad idga: Cveul garemoSi da araxelsayrel dros - gagvaCnia silamazis
aRqma? SevCerdebiT, raTa davtkbeT miT?
gamovarCevT talants uCveulo viTarebaSi?
am gamocdilebis erT-erTi daskvna SesaZloa aseTic
iyos: Tuki Cven wuTic ver gamogvinaxavs, raTa SevCerdeT da yuri davugdoT msoflios erT udides musikoss, romelic ukravs erT-erT saukeTeso melodias,
rac ki odesme Seqmnila - ramdeni sxva ram gvrCeba
yuradRebis miRma?

65

meoTxe klaseli:
`yvavilebi ukeTesi gamogivida, vidre adamianebi~
meoTxe klaseli:
`saidumlod getyvi, rodesac vxedav martoxela qals,
me Sens magivrad mrcxvenia.”
mesame klaseli:
`me jer patara var, mesame
klasSi vswavlob. codvebi
jer ar maqvs, magram aucileblad meqneba”
meore klaseli:
`gamarjoba RmerTo, rogor
xar? ras Svrebi? rogora saqmeebi janmrTelobasTan?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Sen Tu samyaros dasasruls moawyob, vin ilocebs
SenTvis?”
mesame klaseli:
`risTvis sji keTil adamianebs?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`adamianebi ise itanjebian
dedamiwaze, nuTu Sens jojoxeTSi uaresia?”
mesame klaseli:
`me Sen ra Tqma unda miyvarxar, magram deda da mama
ufro, xom arauSavs?”
pirvel klaseli:
`SeiZleba rom ar movkvde?”
meore klaseli:
`ai eklesiaSi sanTlebs
rom yidian, Seni biznesia?”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo sad aris qriste
axla? ras akeTebs?”
mesame klaseli:
`Sen gaqvs goneba, Tu mTlianad sulisgan Sedgebi?”
mesame klaseli:
`pirvel rigSi ra gaakeTa
qristem, rodesac aRsdga?”
meore klaseli:
`ratom maTxovroben Raribebi eklesiasTan - Sen rom
aRniSno, vin misca fuli?”
mesame klaseli:
`ese igi Tu sworad gavige evolucia, Sen jer Seqmeni adami da eva da Semdeg
adamiani warmoiSva maimunisgan xo?”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo, Tu uflebas mivcem Cemi snikersi CakbiCos es siyvarulia?”
meore klaseli:
`ratom zrdi adamians wle-

66

skolis moswavleebs daavales werili mieweraT
RmerTisTvis. gTavazobT amonaridebs:
bis ganmavlobaSi da mere bax!
- da is mkvdaria?”
meore klaseli:
`risi gakeTeba SeiZleba
cxovrebaSi, rom dedam ar
mcemos?”
pirveklaseli:
`rogori iyo rodesac jer
araferi ar iyo? magram raRac
xom mainc unda yofiliyo?”
meore klaseli:
`iqneb, SemiZlia ramiT dagexmaro?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom msurs sul rame
cudi gavakeTo? Sen ase mcdi?”
mesame klaseli:
`ra gagikeTa aseTi mamaCemma,
rom mas sul ar umarTlebs?”
mesame klaseli:
`axla, meored Seqmnidi adamians?”
meore klaseli:
`ra aris rodesac xalxs
ar uyvarxar, da ubralod
eSinia Seni?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`ra iqneboda dedamiwaze,
adams da evas rom ar daerRviaT Seni kanoni vaSlebTan
dakavSirebiT?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`minda vicodi ras apireb,
dedamiwa isev daitboreba Tu
daiwveba?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom laparakobdnen adre
cxovelebi, exla ki ar SeuZliaT? nu gaixsene, gvelic
ki elaparakeboda evas”
pirveklaseli:
`Sen bednieri xar?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom Cuqni Sen cxovrebas, xolo misi warTmeva yvelas SeuZlia?”
mesame klaseli:
`ra unda gavukeToT cxovelebs, rom CvenTan erTad moxvdnen samoTxeSi?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Seni adamiani Seni msgavsi
Seqmeni, da ucxoplaneteli?”
mesame klaseli:
`ise ar mogsvlia? viRac
gesimpaTiureba, is ki Sensken
arc ki iyureba”
meore klaseli:

`rodesac giyvars, ratom
mogwons yvelaferi, erbokvercxic ki?”
meore klaseli:
`ramdenjer Sevcdebi siyvarulSi? samjer ukve aris”
meoTxe klaseli:
`risTvis davibade maxinji?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`me Zalian garcxven?”
mesame klaseli:
`SeiZleba xandaxan dagesizmro?”
meore klaseli:
`mieci janmrTeloba, bedniereba dedas, bebias, aleqsandres da Cems sxva mamebs”
mesame klaseli:
`minda rom axalgazrdobaSi kargad da bednierad vicxovro, moxucebulobaSi marto bednieradac SeiZleba”
meoTxe klaseli:
`gaakeTe ise, rom meore sicocxleSi safrangeTSi biWad davibado”
meoTxe klaseli:
`ar SeiZleba, rodesac vcelqob, ar meCxubon, me xom Cemi mxiarulebisTvis vcelqob”
meoTxe klaseli:
`amboben, rom adamiani sikvdilis Semdeg, viRacis saxiT
brundeba ukan. gTxov minda
viyo Cemi ZaRli, is ki Cems
adgilas iqneba da Cven kvlav
erTad viqnebiT.”
meore klaseli:
`momiwye xangrZlivi da
mxiaruli cxovreba”
mesame klaseli:
`gaaqre Cemi codvebi”
meore klaseli:
`modi SevxvdeT sikvdilamde”
mesame klaseli:
`gaakeTe ise, rom dediko
da mamiko Serigdnen. RmerTo
damexmare”
meore klaseli:
`CemTvis ara, kacobriobisTvis gTxov. gaakeTe ise, rom
yvela 11 wliT ufro didxans
cxovrobdes, vidre uweria”
mesame klaseli:
`nu brazdebiT adamianebze”
meoTxe klaseli:
`RmerTo, pirvelad rom gnaxav, arafers ar gTxov. Sen

ifiqreb - ra morcxvi biWia…
da mersedess maCuqeb”
mesame klaseli:
`Sen dapirdi daicva sustebi, daCagrulebi...…raRac
amas ver vxedav”
mesame klaseli:
`gamogvigzavne dedamiwaze
Seni Svili,…Cven mas jvarze
ar gavakravT”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Zalian minda, rom bavSvTa
saxlidan bavSvebma i povon
kargi mSoblebi”
mesame klaseli:
`gTxov gaakeTe ise, rom
xalxi ar kvdebodes da koRoebi ar iyon”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo, modi movrigdeT.
me mjera Seni, Sen ki - Cemi”
meoTxe klaseli:
`gadaarCine Cveni sulebi
invalidobisgan”
meore klaseli:
`miSvile da Sen roca daberdebi, Wiqa wyals mogawvdi”
mesame klaseli:
`me gTxovdiT romelime
cxovels, magram Tu Znelia,
fumfula saTamaSozec Tanaxma var”
meore klaseli:
`Cven erTad davdiodiT baRSi, mere pirvel klasSi da
mere man miTxra `Cven sxvadasxvanairi adamianebi varT~.…me
uaresad gavxdi, vidre movkvdi.”
meoTxe klaseli:
`nu ai Cven vswavlobT, vswavlobT…da risTvis? xom mainc movkvdebiT da Cveni codna daikargeba”
meoTxe klaseli:
`meored rodis mova ieso
qriste? xom unda movemzadoT,
Torem igive iqneba, rac pirvelad mosvlisas”
meore klaseli:
`gTxov, momiteve Cemi codvebi. vici, bevri Cavidine, magram ar megona Tu arsebobdi”
meoTxe klaseli:
`SegiZlia Tu ara codvebi mapatio? Tu ara, maSin me
gavagrZeleb codvilobas,
dawynarebuli suliT”

niu-iorkSi:
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Tel: 718-934-1700
Alt: 347-500-5037
niu-jersSi:
123 Pennsylvania Ave, # 3
Kearny NJ 07032
Tel: 201-333-5555
ohaioSi:
9333 Reading Road
Reading, OH 45215
513-322-5102
pensilvaniaSi:
13050 Busteton Ave
Philadelphia, PA 19116
215-710-0322
saqarTveloSi:
mTavari ofisi:
winamZRvriSvilis 158
Tbilisi, 2-506833
saburTalo:
akuris quCa 13,
2-945853
gldani:
vekua. 10-1
2-654122
rusTavSi:
megobrobis q.2
2-57157
quTaisSi:
aRmaSeneblis 136
577-181846
baTumSi:
sabaJos q. 4
04222 225508
zestafonSi:
staroselkis q. 25
492-250332
gorSi:
cxinvalis gza 8
0370227049
TelavSi:
baxtrionis q. 3
350273130
marneulSi:
rusTavelis q.1
357-222712
www.barami.us
www.baramicar.com
Facebook: baramilogistix

yvela momsaxureba
erT adgilas,
momsaxurebis
farTo arCevani:

BARAMI

avtoSesyidvebi
dagexmarebiT avtomobilis yidvasa
da gayidvaSi saqarTvelosa da amerikaSi;
gadazidvebi
avtomobilis Sida gadazidvebi
amerikasa da kanadaSi;
sazRvao transportireba saqarTvelosa
da msoflios nebismier qveyanaSi;
sahaero (saamanaTo) transportireba
saxlidan saxlamde* - 2.95$ paunti;
Cvens ofisSi motanili - 2.75$ paunti;
gTavazobT momsaxurebas komerciul tvirTebzec;
sazRvao gadazidvebi
ofisSi motanili avejis da regularuli tvirTis
gadazidva - paunti 91 centad foTis portamde.
gTavazobT adgilidan wamoRebis da saxlSi mitanis
momsaxurebasac zogierTi Statis farglebSi
damatebiT fasad.
internet-monitoringi:
tvirTis statusi da mravali informacia
Cvens veb-gverdze: www.barami.us

`baramis~ sasawyobo darbazi,
kerni, niu jersi, aSS
*

SeiZleba arsebobdes SezRudvebi zogierT Statze

100 dolariani fasdaklebis kuponi,
avtomobilis gagzavnaze da tvirTze 800
dolaris zemoT (aradilerebze), Exp. 10.31.13

amerikaSi:

67

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68

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