A Heritage Remembered: A History of the Georgian Diaspora in the US

Mamuli No. 79

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`11(79)

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saredaqtoro
roca samSoblo Seni sicocxlea!

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qarTuli
mediis anatomia

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tyuili
xSirad darCenilxarT motyuebuli?

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ia anTaZis
SeTavazeba mTavrobas

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Cveni
xmawarTmeuli istoriebi

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laSa buRaZis
putinis deda

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amerikuli vesternis
guruli gmirebi

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padam, padam, pariz!
Sen namyofi xar safrangeTSi?

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nikoloz CxeiZe
Cven dRes sxva emigracia varT

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mixeil qvliviZis
ucnobi narkvevi amerikaze

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`iluzioni~ kabadonebSi
varskvlavebi ar kvdebian

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talanti `feisbukidan~
sul sxvanairi irina miqaberiZe

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msoflios qarTuli bestseleri
papaSvilis `yvelaferi SeiZleba moxdes~

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simon arvelaZe - 95
ori emigrantis portreti

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rezo inaniSvilis
moTxroba `cetebi~

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jemal ajiaSvili
metaforebi

marti, 2016

Jurnalis es nomeri ibeWdeba
baton ramaz gociriZisa da
qalbaton marina sanaZis
uSualo TanadgomiT

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lf,tzldfvlt5
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redaqtor
is
redaqtori
gverdi

`oskari~

oqrosi megona, Savi yofila

erT-erTi ucudesi oskaris gaxsna, rac ki
minaxavs...
politika yovelTvis iWreboda am scenaze,
magram aseTi dozis rasizmi, Tan am konteqstSi,
da 21-e saukuneSi, - pirvelad vnaxe.
`Disgusting~ - aseTi sityvaa inglisurSi.
me qarTulad moveridebi am yvelafrisTvis
saxelis darqmevas, radgan uzrdeloba Cemi
zne araa.
wlevandeli saRamo Savkanians miyavda...
SarSan, elenisgan ganebivrebulebi, saswauls
movelodiT.
ici, ra usamarTlobaa, Savma an TeTrkanianma
miaRwios `oskaris~ wamyvanobas, 85 milioni
mayurebeli uyurebdes da mainc usamarTlod
daiCivlo, rom Savebs bedi ar wyalobs, aqaoda,
rasizmi mefobs akademiaSio, da mTeli monologi
amaze aawyo.
simarTle Tu ginda, - isini isev wina saukuneSi darCnen!
- qveynis prezidentad Savkaniani avirCieT,
isini isev rasizmze stirian!
Tore me vgiJdebi morgman frimanze, denzel
vaSingtonze; mabodebs hali berize; vitire
forest uiTaqeris Sesrulebul rolze `msaxurSi~; opraze da vupize Cemi aRtaceba Sors
wagviyvans...
amiT, wamyvanma, da yvela imaTma, vinc es teqsti waikiTxa, me ki ar momayenes Seuracxyofa,
aramed, heti makdaniels, `qarwaRebulis~ Savkanian msaxiobs, mis suls, jer kidev 1939-Si
rom miiRo oskari.
davaneboT Tavi, holuvudis bulvari SavkanianTa varskvlavebiT romaa savse, oskarze saCivari rogor SeiZleba dagcdes, roca zemoT
CamoTvlilTa garda, oskarosanebi arian: sidni
poiTeri, jemi faqsi, luis gaseti, jenifer
hadsoni, oqtavia spenseri, SarSandeli oskaro-

sani lupita naiongi...
sul 35-mde oskari movTvale, - 35-mde maTSi
aRmoCenili niWiereba.
`jada pinkeT smiTma boikoti gamoucxadao
oskarso, rasizmiao oskarzeo~.
netav jerac misi meuRlea vil smiTi?
250 milioni wliuri SemosavliT da oTxi
gremiT? Tu Cemi megobris, marinesi?
2009 wlis nobelis dajildoebis ceremonialze vinmem dabloka jadas simRera?!
32 filmSic gauxsnes kari... cxra umaRlesi
jildoc mis angariSzea. es maSin, roca holivuds jerac ar aRmovuCenivar me - TeTrkaniani quTaiseli, arcTu uniWo.
gulisamrevi iyo wamyvanis, qris rokis komentari `xsovnis blokis~ wardgenisas, roca
daamata: xsovna im Savkanianebiso, vinc kinoSi
midiodnen da policielebma esroleso.
da amas vismen ramodenime saaTis Semdeg im
tragediidan, roca dRes, gamTeniisxans, 48 wlis
qarTveli besik Sengelia, sakuTar manqanasTan
mdgomi qveiTi mosiarule, qvinsSi manqanam gaitana da miimala.
da mTeli 30 wuTi oskaris tribunidan
mesmis warsulis monologebi...
me ar vici, romeli `Savi istoriis TveSi~
vcxovrobT axla, magram `oskari~, vicodi rom
arc TeTri iyo, arc Savi, - oqrosi Tu oqrosferi megona.
da misma siSavem gadafara leonardosTan
urmiT misuli samarTalic, gaga-baidenis uZlieresi mesijic da vatikanis Semazanzarebeli
filmic Cemi profesiis sidiadeze.
erTmaneTs SevxvdebiT momavali wlis 26
Tebervals!

™ manuCar

kaWaxiZe,

Jurnal `mamulis~ redaqtori
uZvelesi droidan kacobrioba miiltvoda misteriul simdidreTa mosapoveblad da eZebda, pirvelyovlisa, gonebaSi gamonaTebas, raTa maradi saganZuri daenaxa masSi. swored am miuwvdomlobas azRaprebda kidec da Taobidan Taobas anderZad utovebda RmerTTan miaxlovebis sixarulis gancdas,
srulyofilebamde rom daexvewa savali gza. zogi raSi poulobda am sixaruls, zogic kidev raSi zogma miTi Seqmna,
zogma daijera am miTis namdviloba,
zogma am miTis sicxadeSi gadmotana
moisurva,
zogmac kidev cxadliv daiwyo Zieba cxovrebis yovel kuTxe-kunWulSi
misi realizebisTvis.
evropa jvarosnuli omebis TavgadasavlebSi CaerTo im ideiT, rom gaTavisuflebuliyo saqristianos maradi samSoblo - ierusalimi saracinebisagan...
da yvelaferi es qristes saxeliT!
paralelurad qristianobam frTebi
Seasxa kelturi miTosis idumalebas.
ioseb arimaTielis istoriuli persona
idiliur saxebad iqca. mis saxels
daukavSirda qristianobis erT-erTi
mTavari simbolika - barZimi, romliTac
macxovarma Caatara saidumlo seroba
da safuZveli daudo wmida ziarebis
saidumlos. wmida graaliT daukavSirda saxarebiseuli personaJi miTiur
mefe arturisa da mrgvali magidis
raindebis literaturul-folklorul legendas. mogvianebiT parsifalis,
lanselotisa da moxetiale raindebis
personificirebuli saxismetyveleba
sruliad ideas TavianTi TavgadasavlebiT erTian sistemad kravdnen. iqamde
jvarosnulma omebma da graalis misteriam erTmaneTi i poves, rameTu rainduli ordenebi ibrZodnen mesopotamiaSi
muslimanTa winaaRmdeg, ordenebi, romelTa Seqmnis umTavresi mizani iyo graalis povna. TviT es saRvTo atributika
maTi dafuZnebis filosofiur sawyiss
warmoadgenda. swored graali gaxda
maradi idea maradi samSoblosken ltolvisa. amitom mTeli evropuli saSualo saukuneebi, vidremde renesansi gamoavlenda Tavis potencials, sxva ara
iyo ra, Tu ara brZola adamianis gonisa
da mklavis wmida miwisTvis da siwmideebisTvis. arc saracinebi Tmobdnen
TavianT samSoblos, TavianT sarwmunoebriv wmida adgilebs. kacobriobam iswavla brZola ideisaTvis.

samSoblo yvelaferi
isaa, uromlisodac
sicocxle ar SegiZlia.
nodar dumbaZe

roca samSoblo
Seni sicocxlea!
magram Cacxra mistikuri aRtkineba evropis. am brZolebma da raindulma xetialebma goni dauwminda adamianebs, samyaros aRiqvamdnen mxolod rogorc realur produqts azrovnebis
sicxadisaTvis, ganidevna irealuri TvalTaxedvebi, miTosic ki erTian, magram
mainc idumal sistemad aRiqmeboda samyarosTan mimarTebaSi. evropis azrovneba
daixvewa da SemoqmedebiTma impulsma
momdevno saukuneebSi moimka nayofi mxatvrobaSi, literaturaSi, musikaSi,
arqiteqturaSi. renesansma, barokom, rokokom da klasicizmma xelTuqmnelobis momxrobis mizniT xelTa qmnili

(e.i. adamianuri naqmni) Serwya TviT
xelTuqmnelobasTan (anu RvTis mier
SeqmnilTan, imasTan, rac adamianis xeliT
ar aris naqmni, igive bunebasTan) idiliuri kavSiriT... da yvelaferi es adamianis Rrma Suasaukuneobrivi naazrevis,
jvarosnuli omebisa da raindul xetialobaTa Sedegad. paralelurad evropaSi mZvinvarebda inkviziciis koconi.
es aris evropis genetikuri kodi.
is eZebs,
eZebs,
dRemde eZebs maradi samSoblos.
eZebs im miTebs, romlisTvisac gaisarja da daaqcia bizantia osmaleT-

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Tan separatistuli kavSiriT. daiareba, magram wasasvleli aRarsadaa, dedamiwa patara gamodga, TviTon ki ver
moicva kacobrioba. am xetialSi daberda da gamoifita.
Cven, qarTvelebi, bevrs vambobT da
vamtkicebT Zveli evropelebi varTo,
magram amas politikuri elferi dahkravs mxolod da angarebidan gamomdinareobs. Tu Cven siRrmiseulad SeviswavliT saSualo saukuneebis mentalitets, davrwmundebiT, rom qarTveloba
evropisTvis gacilebiT ufro Rirebuli iyo, vidre rigiTi evropelobaa
evropis erTian ojaxSi.
Cven Cveneuli xazi gavatareT graalis istoriaSi,
Cven Cveneuli daRi davasviT jvarosnul laSqrobebs,
es iyo rom saqarTveloSi ar danTebula inkviziciis koconi, radgan Cveni
samSoblo qristes kunZuli iyo, iseTi,
da iqneb ufro metic, vidre iyo kelturi miTosis kunZuli avaloni, an
Tundac arturis zRudeSeungreveli
qalaqi kameloti. qarTuli gonis azrovnebam gaakeTilSobila, iqneb sulac
warmoSva evropuli miswrafeba - mZlavri, momxiblavi da ucnaurobamde gasakvirali siyvaruli im dakarguli samSoblosi, im mokluli RmerTis, vis
wiaRSic yvelani viyaviT.
Cvenma mentalitetma is SesZlo, rom
mTeli evropis yuradReba saqarTvelosken momarTa. aq, CvenSi, taZrel raindebs (ase aris moxseniebuli qarTul
matianeebSi tamplierTa ordeni) realurad dauxvda mefe da xucesi erT
personificirebul istoriul pirovnebaSi gansaxierebuli. daviT aRmaSenebeli iyo is mefe-xucesi (evropul
istoriografiaSi presviter ioaned
moxseniebuli), artur mefis realuri
analogi, rwmenis siZliere da uryevi
neba mebrZoli qristianobis. iswrafodnen saqarTvelosken jvarosnebi, taZrelebi, merme ki misionerebi. ewafebodnen iverielTa sakralur sibrZnes
evropelebi imisda miuxedavad, uWirda Tu ulxinda Cvens samSoblos.
qarTul fesvebSi gacilebiT metia
is evropuli mentalitetis keTilSobileba, vidre es Cven gvgonia. evropa Tu saSualo saukuneebidan eZebda
graals, qarTulma warmarTobam qveskneliTgan gamoitaca graali. qajaveTis maRali godoli TeTrma giorgim
aiRo da wamoiRo barZimi, RvTaebrivi
barZimi. swored rom evropul raindul ordenTa safuZveli CvenSia, georgianul mebrZol qristianobaSi, rad-

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gan Cven - qristes kunZuli - viyaviT
da varT garSemortymuli gogisa da
magogis borotul ZalTa okeaniT.
da Cven vibrZodiT,
da Cven vibrZviT,
da Cven vibrZolebT.
esaa Cveni genetikuri kodi.
iqneb mefe arturis misteria wmida TeTri giorgisgan, Tundac Savnabada wmida giorgisgan modis (ara kabadokieli wmida didmowamis, aramed TviT
miqael mTavarangelozisgan - misi qarTuli gaazreba romaa Camoyalibebuli
am warmarTul RvTaebad). Cven wmida
graalis mcvelni viyaviT yovelTvis
da amitom yvelaze metad urjulo
gadamTieli Cven gvawiokebda da gvemtereboda. eqskaliburic iveriis qvaSi
gamjdariyo da tiroda qvebi mxsnelis
molodinSi.
saSualo saukuneebis germaneli mwerali volfram fon eSenbaxi mianiSnebs graalis sibrZnis samSobloze da
esaa tabroniti, anu kavkasiis mTianeTi
- askvnis zviad gamsaxurdia. axalaxali talRa modioda iveriisken evropeli raindebisa, radgan Cvenma samSoblom evropisTvis Znelbedobis Jams sakuTar Tavze itvirTa mesiis maxvilis
funqcia aRmosavlel velur tomebTan
brZolaSi axlo aRmosavleTSi, evropas
sakuTari Tavganwirvis fasad misca
Tavisuflad ganviTarebis saSualeba.
roca Cven vibrZodiT, evropa Cvili
bavSviviT enis amodgmas swavlobda.
Cven kidev am brZolaSi amiraniviT mivejaWveT samSoblos, yvav-yornebi ki
gvexveoda da akakis xatovani Tqmisa
ar iyos, - `dafleTili gvqonda guli~.
bizantiis waqcevam Cven fasi dagvado.
TviT bizantia sulierad gaixrwna eqiSpeboda evropas, ver umklavdeboda
muslimanur moZalebas da amave dros
mavneblobas ar gvaklebda Cven - erTmorwmuneebs. is Tu Crdilavda iveriis
sulier siZlieres, axla ukve, anu 1453
wlis 29 maisis, konstantinepolis dacemis Semdeg sruli saxiT warmoCinda
qarTveli eris saqmeTa sidiade. saqarTvelo marto darCa urjuloTa winaSe
uTanasworo brZolaSi. manamde ki monRolTa urdom ver gagvtexa da miuxedavad amisa qarTvelma erma Seifara
Tavis wiaRSi taZrelTa (anu tamplierTa) ganadgurebuli ordenis narCenebi. gaukuRmarTebuli evropa (gaukuRmarTebuli romauli kaTolicizmisagan) ver Seegua mebrZoli qristianobisa da mlocveli qristianobis sinTezs
da es maSin, roca inkvizicia mZvinvarebda Sua evropaSi, xolo romis pape-

bis qronikebSi es-esaa gaCeniliyo axali
epoqa avinionuri periodi, anu TviT
romis papebi TavianTi ukeTurobis gamo
frang mefeTa SantaJze wamoegen. am
momentmac iTamaSa garkveuli roli
taZrelTa ordenis ganadgurebaSi. aq
ukve materialuri daintereseba TamaSobda gadamwyvet rols - vis darCeboda memkvidreobad tamplierTa simdidre - paps Tu mefes. maradi idea
saero da sasuliero mamis erTarsad
warmoCenisa, rac saqarTveloSi ipoves,
erTianad ganadgurda evropisTvis saSvilTaSvilod. moxetiale raindebis
epoqa evropaSi mwared mTavrdeboda,
risi ukanaskneli gafrTxilebac servantesis don kixotma itvirTa sakuTar Tavze. dasanani da sevdiani finalia romantiuli Tavdaviwyebisa.
amis Semdeg evropa dacilda saqarTvelos, saqarTvelom ki Tavi veRar
miabruna evropisken da esec mxolod
maSin moaxerxa, roca mterma gadaagvara qarTveloba da Signidan gatexa gadamTielma Cveni samSoblo. sxva aRaraferi dagvrCenoda, Tu ara evropis qveynebis samefo karebze xvewna-mudariT
sirbili. es imas hgavs, don kixoti
rom qaris wisqvilebs ebrZoda da bolos mainc wisqvilebs Seafara Tavi,
radgan don kixoti igive parsifalia
raindul orTabrZolebSi mZimed daWrili (zogi versiiT Zleuli, an Zlevamosili) da rwmenawarTmeuli, magram
sabolood wiTeli paraskevis madliT
sarwmunoebadabrunebuli... da mainc
eZebs maradi samSoblos - graals.
* * *
Caiara saukuneebma, Caiara epoqebma,
Caiara dampyroblebma. Cven axla damoukidebeli da Tavisufali qveyana varT,
magram mainc gvetanebian mtrebi, mainc
gadaxvewilebi varT, vin sad da vin
sad. mainc daveZebT Cven samSoblos, sizmarSi Tu cxadSi,
axalgazrdobaSi Tu sibereSi,
sibrZneSi Tu sisuleleSi.
yvelgan gvinda Cveni mamulis povna,
am gadasakargavSic ki. sizmrebSic vxedavT da cxadSic gvelandeba. parsifaliviT davexetebi qveynierebaze da
veZeb Cemi sulis sanukvar saganZurs samSoblos, radgan Cemi graali Cemi
samSobloa. Tu aqamomde evropa ewafeboda qarTul sibrZnes, Semdeg rolebi
Seanacvla arsTa ganmrigem savalalo
da ironiuli rakursiT. odiTganve
ase iyo da axlac asea:
`safrangeTs vTxovoT:
gviSveliso, - sasaciloa!
Seni vaxtangi ludovikos

fexze hkidia~.
evropa gamobrZmeda sarwmunoebrivma faqtorma, rogorc yvelafrisadmi
indiferentuli sazogadoeba, oRond
TviTon hqondeT keTildReoba. me vuyureb maT da vfiqrob, raoden daaklda
suliereba am kontinents saqarTvelosTan damakavSirebeli Zafebis gawyvetis Semdeg. arada, gvian saSualo saukuneebSi, rodesac aRar arsebobda bizantia,
rodesac gaufasurda graalis sulieri sawyisi,
rodesac mesame romis sicivis saSiSroebas ver grZnobda kacobrioba,
saSiSroebas, romelic axal epoqaSi
saSinelebad gadaeqceoda msoflio civilizacias,
rodesac garSemosili iyo saqarTvelo uricxvi mtrebis simravliT, misionerebi misionerebze gvstumrobdnen aTasi mizeziT, aTasi mizniT,
oRond ara dasaxmareblad. ase ZalRonegamoclilebi ruseTis ulufad gadaviqeciT, evropam sinze dadebuli Caabara ruseTs saqarTvelo, gamovglijeT
ra sparseTs da osmaleTs Cvenive Tavi
umagaliTo gmirobis wyalobiT. evropam aRar icoda vin idga mis win, ruseTi sakuTar Tavs daexmara da gadagdebuli da maT karze Txovna-mudarad
gadagebulni migviTvala Tavis meramdenimed nawilad.
axla ki veZebT, samSoblos veZebT
samSoblodakargulebi da samSoblowarTmeulebi.
me ucxoeTSi gadaxvewili pirvelyovlisa sakuTar TavSi veZeb mamuls,
raTa ar davkargo is sanukvari margaliti, rasac saqarTvelos siyvaruli
hqvia.
sxvebi Tu eZebdnen Cemi samSoblos
maradisobis wyaroTsaTaves,
Tu eZebdnen da poulobdnen oqros
sawmiss,
Tu eZebdnen da poulobdnen graalis didebas,
bolos da bolos Tu eZebdnen da
poulobdnen TavSesafars im ulmobel
droSi, roca Temur-lengisa da monRolebis, sparsebisa da osmalebis fexTqveS qarTuli miwa iwvoda, bolos
ruseTis Ceqmis qveS lazaresaviT mokvda da elis mxsnelis meored mosvlas, raTa aRadginos misi gardasuli
dideba, me miT ufro valdebuli var
veZebo saqarTvelo, ki ar gaveqce mas,
aramed am siSoridan daviaxlovo. araTu mxolod baR-venaxebi, mTebi, zvrebi
da zRvebi, araTu geografiuli areali, aramed umTavresad is samSoblo

veZebo da vi povo, romelsac ase gulmodginebiT Senatroda rusTaveli, romlisTvisac gulmxurvaled loculobda Tamari, romlisTvisac ibrZoda daviTi. veZebo is unikumi, rac odiTgan
Cveni iyo da vidremdis cocxlebi
viqnebiT, Cvenive iqneba, radgan samSoblo mxolod miwa araa naxevarsferoebze, ganedebsa da grZedebze mocemuli.
Cven ki `ar gavcilebulvarT meridianebso~, - daiRiRina erTxel irakli
abaSiZem.
veZeb, radgan miwa-wyali marto Cven
ki ar mogvmadla ufalma, aramed es

xelTuqmneloba mTels samyaroSi ganavrco momxiblaobad;
veZeb, radgan Cems samSobloSi marto
geo-politikur mdebareobas ar uyurebs arc mteri da arc moyvare;
veZeb, radgan samSoblo marto materialuri TvalsazrisiT ar ganisazRvreba;
veZeb, radgan mTeli simdidre erovnuli suliskveTebisa upirveles yovlisa adamianebSia, Cems TanamemamuleebSia ganivTebuli ukvdavebad;
da me, rogorc moazrovne, veZeb adamianebs, Cems qarTvel Zmebsa da debs,
mamebs da dedebs, babuebsa da bebiebs,
Svilebsa da SviliSvilebs, araTu gaTiTokacebuls raRac niSnis mixedviT,
aramed mTlianad, yvelas erTad, yvela
erTmaneTs rom hgvanan, da mainc, yvela
maTgani rom ganumeorebel individad
rCeba;
me veZeb qarTveli kacis krebiT
saxes, mis srul saxismetyvelebas, radgan
am saxis modgmaSia damaluli oqros
sawmisica da graalic. Cemi samSoblos
am cocxal organizmSi, rasac qarTveli
kaci hqvia, lazares sakraluri sikvdili da misi aRdginebaa damaluli, vidremde ufali didebiT mova meored,

gansjad cocxalTa da mkvdarTa.
iqneb am kacis saZebrad midiodnen
argonavtebi, tevtonebi Tu tamplierebi. iqneb mrgvali magidis raindebi
aseT krebiT saxes eZebdnen qristes
kunZulze, gansaxiereba rom iqneboda
sibrZnis, rwmenisa da xelmwifebis. iqneb eris maradi mamis sazogado saxe
hqonda daviT aRmaSenebels, adgilis
dedisa ki - Tamar mefes, rodesac es
saxeebi aravis ara hgavs qarTvelTagans,
xolo yvela qarTveli maT hgavs.
me pirvelad sakuTar TavSi veZeb,
rogorc qarTveli, eris genetikur kods,
momadlebuls RvTisagan - im did madlmosilebas, rac gadmoedineba macxovris kvarTidan, elioz mcxeTels rom
mohqonda xelis kankaliT Tavisi disTvis marTali sidoniasTvis, axla Cemi
samSoblos gulisgulSi rom aris Camarxuli yvelaze did saganZurad. me
im cxovelsmyofeli svetis gadmonaden RvTiur keTilSobilebas veZeb CemSi,
ase-rigad rom gabneulia yvela qarTvelSi, sveti-cxovlisa, mTavarangelozis xeliT rom daidga sveticxovelze da im dRidan moismis qarTuli
guliscema RvTisTvis da erisTvis. am
gulisZgeras veZeb me Cemi mamulisas
aq am Soreul qveyanaSi da veZeb Cems
gulisZgeraSi. veZeb da vi povi, da amaSi darwmunebuli var, mec qarTveli
var, da mitom. aq sizmrebi ganze unda
gadavdoT, radgan sizmari cdomilebacaa da nostalgiis aRmZvreli araraisic. wmida ninos nawnaviT Sekruli
vazis jvris Zlevamosileba me Cemdawil samSoblos mapovninebs, imas da
iseTs, rogoric sanetaroa yvela drois
mamuliSvilisTvis. samSobloze fiqri yovelTvis usazRvro sevdis aRmZvrelia, sevdisa, romelic saukuneobriv
quraSi iwrToba.
albaT yvelaze mTavars veZeb Cems
TavSi - amiranis cecxls, ase-rigad
rom gamoatara sakuTar gulebSi Cvenma
papebma da dResamomdis moitana cecxlovani SemarTeba qarTuli sulis,
mec rom mewilada Cemi winaprebidan
svaneTis maRali mTidan, rameTu Cemi
warmomavloba svanuria, imereTs rom
Camosaxldnen bolos. svaneTSia is siaxlove amiranTan, im cecxlis dauwvavi simxurvalis muxti iqedan mogvdgams. naRverdali Rvivis nacarSi, qari
da niavi rom ar aZlevs Caqrobis saSualebas.
mec, ramden qariSxalgamovlils,
mwyuria amiranis cecxliT daviwva
goneba, raTa sxva ganzomilebaSi myofs
ise davinaxo Cemi mamuli, rogorc ara-

7

vis daunaxavs aqamomdis, an daunaxavs
da ar aRmoxdenia misi sadidebeli, an
uTqvams da xma mRaRadeblad darCa
udabnosa Sina. dauwvav cecxlze ukeTesi ra unda iyos cecxlovan JinSi aRtkinebuli ymawvilkacobisTvis. me rom
miyvars Cemi satrfo da viwvi siyvarulis cecxliT, esaa amiranis cecxlis patara monakveTi, me rom qarTuli ofliT gamonaJur Rvinos vsvam da
baxusis naperwklebi TavdaviwyebaSi gadamisvris, esaa im cecxliT ganaTebuli goneba, graals rom vi povi CemSi
da zedaSiT uflis sadidebels vityvi pirvel locvad, aq, CemSi ganisvenebs cxovel svetad macxovris kvarTis
madli, sidonias siyvaruli da eliozis erTguleba uflisadmi...
qveynierebis zurgze rom davexetebi da veZeb yvelgan Cemi samSoblos
niSs, msgavsebas masTan, amaSi venaTesavebi parsifals, lanselotsa da tamplierebs, isinic eZebdnen rainduli SemarTebiT wmida graals, uflis simbolikas,
satrfosTvis rom Tavs gawiravdnen, es
satrfo ki samSoblos alegoria rom
iyo am SemTxvevaSi, radgan satrfos,
anu samSoblos xsna sWirdeba qajaveTis cixidan. evropuli raindoba xom
rusTveliseuli raindobaa, igive graalis raindoba, evropam Cvengan iswavla
am niWis gamomJRavnebis unari, da mitom.
jvarosnebsaviT vageb maradi samSoblos
ocnebis koSkebs, raTa saboloo jamSi
mware realobam daangrios misi godoli, me ki isev da isev veZebo, amjerad
namsxvrevebi Cemi ocnebis, raTa mis
gamo yovelgvari uazroba da umsgavsoba gadavlaxo, Semrcxves Cemi namoqmedaris imitom, rom samSobloa TviTon sispetake da unda ganviwmidoT am
gzaze, raTa samSobloSi pirnaTelni
davbrundeT samSoblosaviT marTalni.
da mainc, me var adamiani, mokvdavi,
Cemi miswrafebebiTa da survilebiT
miwieri, amitom sulieri samSoblos
mopovebis Semdeg misi ganamdvilebis
survili miCndeba, radgan samSoblo
marto abstraqcia araa, is realurad
arsebul samyaros nawils warmoadgens da Soreul qveyanas TavSefarebuli yovelis mxriv vcdilob Sevivso
danaklisi mamulis xilvisa.
TiToeul fotosuraTs saqarTvelos peizaJisas TvalebiT vWam da ver
vZRebi maTi cqeriT, televiziiT vuyureb siuJetebs da rogorc ki qarTuli sityva Semomesmeba, iqve mZafrdeba
Cemi yuradReba. marTalia, Semcirda
saqarTvelodan amerikis mimarTulebiT qarTvelTa gadineba, magram vinc

8

ki stumrad Camodis, pirvelyovlisa
xarbad vusmen maT metyvelebas, aserigad rom gadaCveulia Cemi sasmeneli mSobliuri metyvelebis mosmenas.
Semdeg vekiTxebi, yvelafers vekiTxebi,
umniSvnelod wvrilman detalebamde
ise, rom SeiZleba Tavic movabezro
aTasgvari kiTxvebiT, ase uazrod rom
eCvenebaT zogierTebs. iseT rameebze
vumaxvileb yuradRebas, rom ar dakvirvebia saqarTveloSi yofnisas igi amas.
ai, rasac ar dakvirvebia da razec
Cemi interesi SeCerda, swored esaa
samSoblo, misdami nostalgiuri wyurvili. albaT, mec ar davakvirdebodi
aseT detalebs, saqarTveloSi rom vyofiliyavi, albaT mec ase momabezrebdnen
Tavs usaSvelo kiTxvebiT, sanam ar mapovninebdnen samSoblos am kiTxva-pasuxebSi.
iqneba asec iyo am Teqvsmetiode wlis
win, roca pirvelad davdgi fexi amerikis kontinentze?!
parsifalisgan gansxvavebiT, me kiTxvebs kiTxvebze vsvam imitom, rom yovelgvari etiketebis gareSe var mowadinebuli, vi povo is sanukvari aTvlis
wertili, samSoblo rom hqvia, radgan
Cemi graali Cemi samSobloa, kiTxvebis
dasma ar meuxerxuleba, da mitom. amiT
cxovel moqmedebaSi modis stumarmaspinZlobis sakraloba da sicocxle
ivseba cxovrebiT.
garda amisa, vsargeblob satelefono
Tu kompiuteruli urTierTobiT megobrebTan saqarTvelodan. iqneb Tavsac
vabezreb Cemi sagangebo kiTxvebiT, magram isini gagebiT mekidebian da miamboben imas, rasac Tundac fanjris miRma
uyureben da me amiT vsazrdoob imitomac, rom Cems Tvalwin gadaSlilia
mSobliuri qalaqebi, soflebi, samSoblo buneba - mdinareebi, mTebi, gzebi,
ase-rigad rom gvatarebs da gvabrunebs
cxovrebis xveul-xlarTebSi.
kilo-kavze, romliTac mesaubrebian,
vxedav iqaur ganumeorebel bunebas, romelic arsad iseTi tkbili araa, rogorc CemSi aq is,
gonebaSi rom datrialdeba CuxCuxa TergiviT da gaitans am zRva energias saqarTvelos farglebs miRma da
veravin sazRvrebs ver daudebs Tergs,
an engursaviT gzaCaketil TavSekavebul gadarevasaviT Caivlis ganxorcieleba mTisa da baris urTierTSerwymisa, im engurs miRma rom Ria karSia
darCenili didi ocneba mTeli Taobebis, - tkivili, saflavebi da mosagonari,
an rionsaviT miTad gadaqceuli

erTiani kolxuri fesviTi ZarRvebi
gadaSlili vake-dablobze, sizmrad rom
xedavs aietis cremlgamSral dardebs,
an WoroxsaviT moqnilad motexili
sxart swrafvas silamazisa da maradisobisken, aserigad rom atyvevebs
zRvisferi Tvalebis xibli zRvaSi CaZinebul ocnebis xomaldebs,
an mtkvarsaviT mefur dudunSi mosmenili arasdros arSobili wynari
Ramis zRaprebi, siCumeSi rom iZireba
mTvare varskvlavebis momxiblav sizmrebSi,
an aragviviT asxletili bumberazi sidiade mamulis, zecamde rom adis
siSmage mamulis Svilebis, simRerasaviT gadafrenili mTidan mTaze eqonamReri cremlis momgvreli.
miyvars mamuli, misi yoveli patara wvrilmaniT, sadRegrZelosaviT
tkbilsasmenari romaa.
Sin qarTul kerZebs vamzadeb ise,
rogorc saqarTveloSi ician, maTSi
Cemi samSoblos gemos vayoleb - yoveli kuTxis specifikur kerZSi TiToeul maTgans vuyureb, TiToeuli kuTxis aromatiT vivsebi. Rvinosac vsvam,
mxolod qarTul Rvinos, samSoblodan
gamogzavnils da vivsebi saqarTveloTi ise, rom daxrCobas ver vaxerxeb,
Zlier miyvars igi, da mitom.
saneleblebi xom TiTqos mtveria
dafqvili yvavilebidan, magram saqarTvelos fexis mtveria ase saTuTad Segrovili da me amitom viZirebi Cemi mamulis surnelebaSi. sadRegrZelod vambob sadidebels Cemi genisa da modgmisa, radgan am yvelaferSi me Cems
Tanamemamuleebs vxedav - ra moxdenilebi arian kacebi, ra momxiblavebi
arian qalebi...
cekva ginda?
gaSale xeli da icekve, fexebis
monasmevidan wamocvivdeba naperwklebi samSoblosi, amiranma sakuTari maradi tyveobis fasad rom dagvitova
yvela mamulis Svils. vcekvav, Tundac
mouqnelad, magram im cecxlis nakvesebi iseTive ZaliT ibneva, rogoriTac
gaibneva profesional mocekvaveTagan,
mec qarTveli var, da mitom. TavSi
vardeba is cecxli da ise Rvivis, rom
gonebidan gonebas gadaecema...
da es ar aris xanZari,
es zeimia erovnuli aRtkinebisa!
me miyvars Cemi satrfo, araTu gansaxiereba daCagruli samSoblosi, romelsac sWirdeba gamoxsna qajaveTidan,
aramed miyvars adamiani, qarTveli, Tvalwarb-wamwami rom qarTuli moxazulobiTa aqvs damSvenebuli da miyvars

araTu mxolod imitom, rom igi esoden lamazia da momxiblavi, aramed
imitomac, rom masSi vkiTxulob qarTvels, Torem aq Sesayvarebeli da gadasayvarebeli bevria sxvadasxva ferisani,
sxvadasxva xorcisani,
sxvadasxva rjulisani,
magram me miyvars mxolod
is, viskenac mimiwevs guli da
gulic imitom mimiwevs, rom igi
uaRresad Cemeulia, Cemi ferisaa da Cemi modgmis. guli amitomac irCevs maxlobelad monaTesave suls da ara ucxosa
da miTumetes saucxoos. qarTveli qalis kdemaze lamazi araferia amqveynad, misi kdemamosileba qveyniur silamazeebsa da mSvenebebs mirCevnia. mxatvruli azrovneba sxvaa da cxovrebiseuli realoba kidev sxva, magram
roca erTmaneTs avseben saTqmeli da samzerali, amaze momxiblavi araferia, radgan siyvaruli aseTi marTali mxolod CvenSi Tu ician.
me don kixoti ara var, magram dulsinea toboselis mSveneba mec mxiblavda da vi pove
swored is, vinc Cems don kixotur bunebas Seefereba da miyvars, imitom miyvars, rom aseTi
satrfoni dedamiwis arc erT
wertilSi ar moiZebneba, garda
saqarTvelosi. yvelas Tavisi uyvars, hoda, mec miyvars is, vinc
Cems samSoblos momagonebs. es
me miyvars ase, da amitom, Torem
sxvas sxva kriteriumebiT SeiZleba uyvardes Tavisi satrfo
da siyvaruli, rogoric ar unda iyos, ki ar unda gaigo, unda
miiRo da aRiaro adamianuri
grZnobis es idumali aRmofrqveva. me rom saqarTveloSi viyo,
albaT aseTi simZafriT ar meyvareboda aravin, radgan mamulSi yvelani erTad viqnebodiT da ar mivaniWebdi arsebiT mniSvnelobas bevr wvrilman niuanss, aq rom gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas
vaniWeb.
am fiqrebSi var da magondeba kinofilmi `fesvebi~ - mTavar gmirs giorgi zaqareiSvils satrfo dautovebia,
romelic Turme gulisswors bolomde
dalodebia, sicocxlis bolomde da
albaT sicocxlis merec.
vfiqrob da mafiqrebs filmis es
detali.
iqneb mec davtove saqarTveloSi

Cemi mSvenieri satrfo da igi melodeba?! swored lodinia da lodinisken miswrafeba diadi grZnoba, ris epicentrSic samSoblo dgas, misi dauokebeli wyurvili. vinZlo, ucxoobaSi
mTeli cxovreba gavataro, magram yovelTvis meqneba Sin dabrunebis Seg-

rZneba, radgan vici, mouTmenlad melian Cemi Tanamemamuleebi da Cemi datovebuli da jerarwaSlili naterfalebi. sxvanairad arc SeiZleba iyos,
Tu
lodini
daiviwya
samSoblom,
maSin
TviT
samSobloc
warixoceba
pirisagan
miwisa.
samSoblos rom tkiva, imitom mtkiva

mec, radgan Cven erTmaneTTan sulierad gadaZarRvulni varT da erTmaneTs gadavcemT Cven-Cvens grZnobebs.
Tavadac ar vici ra aris lodini,
radgan aravis veli. Tu vinme SemoaRebs Cems kars, es CemTvis sasiamovno
moulodneloba iqneba, meti araferi.
lodiniT ki mxolod samSobloSi elodebian sxvagan wasuls,
mxolod Sin, saxlSi, ojaxSi
elodebian gareT gasul ojaxis wevrs. Tu ojaxs ar gaaCnia es SegrZneba, daqceulia is
ojaxi.
mixaria, rom Cems samSoblos
gaaCnia lodinis grZnoba da
usaSvelod Zlieri, mTlianad sakuTar saxes rom warmoaCens kacobriobaSi.
macxovari - keTili mwyemsi
yovelTvis daeZebs gzaabneul
cxovars. samSoblo - samwysoa
uflis, sadac Tavi unda moiyaros adamianTa cxovrebam, sadac
ar unda iyvnen isini. mec erT
aseT cxovarad mimaCnia Cemi Tavi, araTu mamuls miRma, aramed
mamulis gareT myof cxovarad,
Cemi cxovrebac mamuliT suldgmulobs mamuls gareT.
amitom damelodeba Cemi satrfo,
amitom damelodeba ded-mamis saflavebi,
amitom damelodebian Cemi
dedmamiSvilebi,
radgan am lodinSi iwrToba samSoblos usaSvelo moTmineba. CemSi monatrebaa am lodinis fuWad arCavlis malamo, manZilia mxolod Sori.
Cemi gardasuli fiqrebis
simyare, namdviloba swored nostalgiaSi vlindeba, radgan azrovneba ar arsebobs zogadi konkretikis gareSe, xolo konkretikis zogaderovnuli arsi pirovnulis gareSe. yvelaferi es jaWviseburi reaqciaa Cemgan gamomdinare da aramarto Cemgan.
sxvaTa grZnobebi da gancdebi me
ar vici, radgan amerikis SeerTebuli
Statebi didia da es qveyana emigrantebis mieraa Seqmnili.
aq me veravis gavakvirveb Cemi grZnobebiT, verc sxva gamakvirvebs Tav-TavianTi grZnobebis gadmofrqveviT, magram
CemSi davanebuli qarTuli suli gansakuTrebuli Zalisaa ise, rogorc gansakuTrebulia
Cemi ma-mu-li!

9

feisbukis
sisastike
xSirad mifiqria, ratom moi pova
sxvadasxva socialur qselebs Soris
feisbukma aseTi popularoba saqarTveloSi? evropaSi (magaliTad, germaniaSi)
feisbuki yofis „damatebiTi Rirebulebaa“, xolo saqarTveloSi, Cemi dakvirvebiT, ukve aSkarad gamoikveTa feisbukze
damokidebulTa masStaburi jgufi, romlis wevrebisTvisac feisbukiT komunikacia yoveldRiuri cxovrebis wesis
arsebiT Semadgenel nawilad iqca da
umisod cxovreba, ubralod, uintereso
gaxda.
es sakiTxi seriozulia da imsaxurebs kvlevas. feisbuks uTuod aqvs is
unikaluri upiratesobebi, ramac igi,
dResdReobiT, erT-erT yvelaze ufro
efeqtian mediatorad aqcia.
Tumca, am werilSi msurs sakiTxi
„davaviwrovo“ da vupasuxo SekiTxvas:
rogor SeiZleba aixsnas adamianTa Seuracxyofis is dauokebeli vneba, romliTac gaJRenTilia feisbuki? me, piradad, ar meguleba sxva asparezi, sadac
xalxi ase Tanmimdevrulad, uSeRavaTod, gamwarebiT da daumsaxureblad
lanZRavs erTmaneTs. faqtia: feisbuki
gadaiqca adamianTa Soris sityvieri
angariSsworebisa da siZulvilis sastik
velad, romelsac araferi akavebs. es
veli, arsebiTad, fsiqologiuri Zaladobis sivrcea, romlis negatiuri efeqti
jerjerobiT aravis gauzomavs, Tumca,

10

Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, adamianTa daTrgunvasa da dastresvaSi feisbukis wili
mniSvnelovania. da mainc: ratom xdeba
ase? ratom xdeba adamiani ase daundobeli feisbukis wiaRSi?
Cemi azriT, feisbuks Semdegi Taviseburebebi axasiaTebs:
1. feisbuki mediis iseTi saSualebaa,
romelic nebismier adamians aZlevs
sakuTari azrebis, ganwyobebis, damokidebulebebisa da emociebis sajaro sivrceSi gamoxatvis saSualebas, sajaro
figurad an „cnobad saxed“ yofnis
gareSe. Cveulebriv, ar aris iolad
xelmisawvdomi satelevizio sivrce
(magaliTad, Toq-SouSi monawileoba).
amas imdenad unda imsaxurebde, rom
telearxis menejments (an gadacemis
prodiusers) Seni dapatiJeba moundes.
telegadacemebSi miwveulTa wre, zogadad, ar aris farTo, xolo saqarTveloSi gansakuTrebiT daviwroebulic
kia - erTi da igive xalxi monacvleobs
gadacemidan gadacemaSi. kidev ufro
rTulia beWduri mediis avtorad yofna – interviuebs „rCeulebisgan“ iReben, xolo statiis daweris motivacia da unar-Cvevebi kidev ufro nakleb adamians aqvs. sajaro asparezze
gamoCenis am wyurvils sulze miuswro feisbukma - sajaro sivrceSi mosaxvedrad adamians ar sWirdeba „elitis“ wevroba, man auditoria Sinidan

gareT gausvleladac SeiZleba moipovos. da, rac mniSvnelovania, es auditoria imaze mravalricxovanic SeiZleba aRmoCndes, vidre romelime sagazeTo statiisa Tu intervius SemTxvevaSi. Sesabamisad, feisbukma daakmayofila „socialur me“-d Sedgomis moTxovnileba, romelic, rogorc aRmoCnda,
adamianTa umravlesobaSi arsebobs.
2. fb-ma adamiani ufro Tamami gaxada imiT, rom mas specifikur erTobaSi
gawevrianebis saSualeba misca. am erTobas feisbukis „megobarTa“ wre Seadgens,
xolo Temis yvelaze mtkiced Semkvreli instrumenti „laikebia“, romlebic
axdens adamianis pirovnuli gamoxatvis
aRiareba-dadasturebas. Sesabamisad, fbze adamians didi Sansi aqvs, ar darCes
marto, ipovos Tavisiani da „laikebis“
meSveobiT gamoscados „Zala erTobaSia“-s xibli.
amrigad, feisbukiT gamoxatuli siZulvili korporaciulia, da ara individualuri. korporaciis (imave feisbukis „megobarTa“ wris) Seqmnis kriteriumebi sxvadasxvaa: politikuri simpaTiebi, saerTo Rirebulebebi, instituciuri (magaliTad, samsaxurebrivi)
gavlenebi, naTesauri mikuTvnebuloba
da sxva. am kriteriumebma SeiZleba
gadafaros erTmaneTi (magaliTad, politikurma simpaTiam gadakveTos RirebulebiTi orientacia), Tumca faqtia, rom

yvelaze stabiluri korporaciebi swored politikuri simpaTiebis niadagze
iqmneba: „naci“, „qoci“ da „SuaSisti“,
dResdReobiT, iseT idiomebad mogvevlina, romlebic ara mxolod politikuri diskursis, aramed mTeli socialuri yofis universalur markerebad
gadaiqca. saintereso isaa, rom am korporaciebis sazRvrebi sakmarisad myaria
da erTmaneTSi SeWras, rogorc wesi,
ver itans: „nacebi“, „qocebi“ da „SuaSistebi“ erTmaneTs (jgufis SigniT)
„ulaikeben“ statusebs da Tu aRmoCnda
vinme urCi, romelic korporaciul identobas uRalatebs da sxva erTobis
wevrs raRacas mouwonebs, mas amisaTvis
axsna-ganmartebebis gakeTeba uwevs; metic: zogjer, SesaZloa, korporaciis
wevrebisgan gariyva, anu „dablokvac“
daimsaxuros (yvelaze naklebad xistebi,
am TvalsazrisiT, „SuaSistebi“ arian,
Tumca, cxadia, maTac aqvT e.w. „akrZaluli zonebi“).
3. feisbukze gamoCenil siTamames
kidev erTi safuZveli aqvs: adamiani
sruliad Tavisufalia gamoxatvaSi da
mas ar evaleba aranairi mediastandartis dacva. gazeTi ar dabeWdavs ukidegano uwmawurobas (uSveri sityvebiT
lanZRvas), amis uflebas arc televizia iZleva, bolos da bolos, beWdur
an telemediaSi miyenebuli SeuracxyofisTvis SeiZleba sasamarTloSic giCivlon da a.S. feisbuki am SezRudvebisgan Tavisufalia: Tqvi da dawere, rac
ginda, amisTvis veravin giCivlebs verc
sasamarTloSi, da verc mediaeTikis romelime komitetSi; am gzaze ar arsebobs
araviTari barieri, sindisis garda.
swored am bolo specifikidan gamomdinare, feisbuki ar aris klasikuri sajaro sivrce, radgan adamians
araviTar pasuxismgeblobas ar akisrebs;
Tumca, is arc piradi sivrcea, radgan
aTasobiT adamianis mobilizeba SeuZlia. amdenad, feisbuki kvazisajaro sivrcea, ufro sworad, sajaro da piradi
sivrcis erTgvari nazavi.
Cemi azriT, zemoT CamoTvlil TaviseburebebSi imaleba feisbukiT gacxadebuli daundoblobisa da aRviraxsnilobis saidumlo: adamians aqvs moTxovnileba, vinmes mimarT sakuTari antipaTia Tu zizRi gulSi ki ar Caixvios
an mxolod „samzareuloebSi“ da gandobilTa viwro wreSi gadmoafrqvios,
aramed met-naklebad farTo sazogadoebasac auwyos; mis provocirebas
„laikebiT“ gamoxatuli mxardaWera
axdens da am mxardaWeriT STagonebuli, is kidev metad amZafrebs siZul-

vilis enas. Tanac icis, rom aseTi TavaSvebulobisTvis mas samarTlebrivad
(sasamarTlosa Tu raime sxva oficialuri gziT) pasuxi ar moeTxoveba.
rasakvirvelia, aq mainc arsebobs ramdenime safrTxe, rac feisbuks arcTu
„uwyinar“ da „Cumi“ (ganuzraxveli)
Zalauflebis matarebel sivrced aqcevs:
a) feisbukze adamianis pirovneba, roca is am qselis met-naklebad aqtiuri
momxmarebelia, ise moCans, rogorc xelisgulze. socialuri qselis meSveobiT mokle xanSi adamiani SeiZleba
imaze gacilebiT ukeT gaicno, vidre
mravali wlis „fizikuri“ urTierTobis manZilze. Tumca, swored aseTi
„gaSiSvlebisTvis“ adamianma SeiZleba
seriozulad zRos: is SeiZleba samsaxuridan daiTxovon (magaliTad, qsenofobiuri azrebis gamoTqmisTvis, an avtoritarul sazogadoebaSi xelisuflebis
armosawoni statusis „dalaikebisTvis“); mavanma, SesaZloa, iseTi stigma
aikidos, romelic mis reputacias saSviliSvilod daazaralebs (gavixsenoT
operis momRerlis, Tamar iveris SemTxveva, roca man homofobiuri azrebi
gaavrcela feisbukiT) da a.S. Tumca,
meore mxriv, adamians mainc rCeba legitimuri ufleba, sakuTari „me“ orad
gayos: feisbukis „med“ da sajaro „med“
(aseTi dayofa gansakuTrebiT uyvarT
teleJurnalistebs, romlebic dabejiTebiT acxadeben, rom feisbukze maTi
saqcieli maTsave eTerze ar aisaxeba).
b) feisbukis saSualebiT Seuracxyofilma adamianma SeiZleba magineblis
pirad (fizikur) angariSsworebaze

ifiqros. Tumca, am safrTxes sxvadasxva
faqtori aneitralebs: a) rodesac Seuracxyofa distanciaze xdeba, angariSsworebis realizaciis Jini da SesaZleblobebi iklebs; b) Seuracxmyoflisa da angariSmsworeblis pasuxismgeblobebi Seudareblad araTanazomieria: feisbukiT lanZRvaze formaluri
pasuxismgebloba nulovania, xolo Seuracxmyoflis mimarT fizikuri angariSsworeba mavans SeiZleba patimrobadac
ki daujdes; g) Seuracxyofils SeuZlia „xurda“ feisbukiTve daubrunos
maginebels da situacia „daabalansos“.
feisbukze gansakuTrebuli siZulvili mainc politikur niadagze gaCenil
radikalur korporaciebs („nacebsa“
da „qocebs“) Soris trialebs. yvelaze
martivi da saRi azric ki mowinaaRmdegis banakSi myisve gardaiqmneba satanur azrad, xolo misi avtori gamocxaddeba satanis mociqulad, romliskenac
niaRvariviT miedineba agresia da siZulvili.
iseTi STabeWdileba meqmneba, rom, rac
ufro saRia azri, miT ufro imatebs
agresia da gamanadgurebeli iarliyebi.
am nakadSi korporaciis erTguli wevrebi wveTi wyaliviT emsgavsebian erTmaneTs: aq mniSvnelobas kargavs vinmes
gansxvavebuli ganaTleba, socialuri
kapitali, Tanamdeboba, „ojaxiSviloba“
da sxva fonuri maxasiaTeblebi. ase
gadaiqcevian korporaciebi egzaltirebul masebad, romelTac TavianTi aRiarebuli beladebi hyavT...
saboloo jamSi, feisbukiT gamJRavnebuli sisastike CemTvis am sazogadoebis erT-erTi diagnozia - Cven ver
vaxerxebT im bunebrivi instinqturi
mdgomareobisgan distancirebas, roca
„adamiani adamianisTvis mgelia“, ver
vaxerxebT, komunikaciaSi aqcenti davsvaT imaze, Tu ra iTqmeba da ara mxolod imaze, Tu vin ambobs, ver veguebiT
Cvengan (Cveni Temisagan) gansxvavebuls,
gvZuls mravalferovneba da gviyvars
xafangebis dageba araCvenianTa paralizebisTvis...
rasakvirvelia, feisbuks hyavs arakorporaciuli da araegzaltirebuli
„martoxela monadireebi“, erTgvari disidentebi, romlebsac, marTalia, aseve
hyavT „frendebis“ TavianTi wre, magram
es „megobroba“ maT arafers avaldebulebs, an, miT ufro, aiZulebs. SesaZloa,
zogjer isinic bilwsityvaobdnen, magram
es kiCuri esTetikis nawili ufroa,
vidre mizanmimarTuli sisastikisa.
maTzec davwer, albaT, odesme...
iago kaWkaWiSvili

11

naxatebi, romelic

`TviTmkvleli RvTismSoblis~ gverdze ekida
lia uklebas naxats, romelic safeTqelze pistoletmibjenil RvTismSobels asaxavs, erTi nakli aqvs: tilos
foni ar unda darCeniliyo carieli.
RvTismSoblis fonad, mis garSemo,
datanebuli unda yofiliyo yvela is
sagani Tu figura, romlebic gamofenil mis da sxvaTa danarCen ferwerul
Tu fotografiul namuSevrebzea gamosaxuli. kerZod: saqarTvelos industriul centrebSi arsebuli katastrofuli mdgomareoba; yovelgvar socialur da ekologiur pasuxismgeblobas moklebuli - qarTveli Tu ucxoeli - investoris xelSi Cavardnili,
faqtobrivad, monobaSi miyiduli mSromelebi; sakeravi manqana da Tavadac manqanad qceuli mkeravi qali, romelic
mizeruli xelfasis, araadamianurad
gazrdili samuSao droisa da janmrTelobis Seryevis fasad arCens sakuTar
Tavsa da ojaxs. anu yvela da yvelaferi
is, rac dRemde ver axerxebs, farTo
sazogadoebis yuradReba mii pyros da
Sesabamisi politikuri Tu ekonomikuri
instituciebi aiZulos, aRar dauSvan,
rom `ekonomikuri zrdisaTvis~ xarkad
vixdideT `deregulirebuli~ biznesis
mier dangreul mSromelTa fizikur
da sulier simrTeles. vixdideT xelisufleba da yvela is moqalaqe, vinc
mxolod da mxolod bedis SemTxveviTobam dagvifara, rom WiaTuraSi, kazreTSi, quTaisis samkervalo fabrikaSi Tu
Tundac `iolsa~ da sxva supermarketebSi dasaqmebuli axalgazrdebis msgavs
savalalo pirobebSi ar gviwevs Sroma
da cxovrebis galeva.
RvTismSoblis amsaxvel tilozeve
fonad mTeli es Cagvra da gaWirveba
imitom unda yofiliyo warmodgenili,
rom am SemTxvevaSi, konferencia-gamofenidan erTi kviris Tavze politikuri
manipulaciis mizniT viRacam uceb rom
gadawyvita, konteqstidan amoglejilad
warmoeCina da skandalis sagnad eqcia
lia uklebas erTi cali tilo, farTo
sazogadoebas aRar SerCeboda mxolod
da mxolod TviTmkvleli RvTismSobeli, romelic TiTqos vinmes gaRizianebisa da popularulobis miRwevis
iaraRad iyo Cafiqrebuli. veRar moxerxdeboda im problemebisaTvis kvlavac Tvalis arideba, romlebze yuradRebis miqcevasac aseTi mZafri da sakamaTo
formiT cdilobs mxatvari da vcdi-

12

lob am nawerSi mec.
`TviTmkvleli RvTismSobeli~, miuxedavad imisa, rom modelad aRebuli
aqvs dirbis taZarSi aRmoCenili freska,
ar aris xati, aramed - gapranWulad
rom vTqvaT - xelovnebis mier kanonikuri ikonografiis `citireba~ sakuTar
saero konteqstSi. lia ukleba taZarSi
ar SeWrila da freska an xati ar Seuryvnia. qristianobis istoria qristianuli (saxviTi) xelovnebis istoriacaa da Tavad kanonikuri xatweris SigniTve yovelTvis imdenad araerTmniSvnelovani da cvalebadi iyo religiuri Sinaarsis gamoxatvis formebi, rom
Zalian didi farisevloba da qristianuli kulturuli konteqstis mizanmimarTuli damaxinjeba iqneboda uklebas am erTi naxatis jerarnaxul
mkrexelobad gasaReba.
`Sarli ebdos~ karikaturebTan analogia uadgiloa, radgan qristianulisgan sruliad gansxvavebulia islamis
Teologiuri konteqsti da misi damokidebuleba religiuri Sinaarsebis gamosaxvasTan. aRarafers vambob imaze,
rom, erTi mxriv, `Sarli ebdos~ TanamSromlebis Camcxrilavi teroristebisTvis karikaturebi mxolod xelsayreli politikuri sababi iyo, meore
mxriv ki, Tavad es karikaturebi Zalauflebis mqone instituciebsa da figurebs ki ar aSarJebda, aramed isev da
isev safrangeTis yvelaze daucvel, mowyvlad socialur jgufebs - aRmosavlel, islamis mimdevar imigrantebs, romlebic ormag, erTmaneTze gadabmul
Cagvras ganicdian - ekonomikurs da
kulturul-religiurs. amis sapirispirod, lia uklebas naxati cdilobs
gansxvavebuli, Tundac Sokismomgvreli saxiT warmoaCinos qristianuli
religiis is erT-erTi umTavresi simbolo, romelzec gamudmebiT apelirebs
saqarTveloSi albaT yvelaze ufro
didi Zalauflebis mqone institucia
- eklesia. apelirebs RvTis mSobel
dedaze da iqve moayolebs ukiduresad
damamcirebel gansjas emigrant qalebze,
surogat dedebsa da maT `arabunebriv~
Svilebze, kacisadmi qalis upirobo
morCilebaze da jiutad dums, rodesac qveyanas qmris Zaladobis winaaRmdeg amxedrebul qalTa mkvlelobebis
talRa moicavs.
da rodesac `religiuri grZnobe-

bis Seuracxyofaze~ miuTiTeben, gana
Tavad ar axdenen e.w. `bneli~ morwmunis miTis tiraJirebas? morwmune adamiani ise warmoCindeba, TiTqos cxoveli
iyos, romelic biologiuri refleqsebis doneze reagirebs garedan miRebul
impulsebze, azrovneba ar SeuZlia da,
Sesabamisad, gaRizianebis amofrqvevisgan Tavis Sekavebas iseve ver axerxebs,
rogorc raime jebiris mier Sekavebuli
Rvarcofi. da, ra Tqma unda, mere es
yvelaferi sazogadoebaSi `dagrovil~
brazad iracxeba, romelic, miT umetes
banditis enaze molaparake qorepiskoposis pirdapiri muqaris Semdeg, realuri
SantaJis saxes iRebs: an moketavT, an
fizikur Zaladobaze gadmovalT, Tan
momxdarze pasuxismgeblobasac movixsniT.
asobiT studentTan miwevda kamaTi
ilias saxelmwifo universitetSi kursis `Sesavali Tanamedrove azrovnebaSi~
swavlebisas da yovelTvis udidesi
siamovnebiT ganvixilavdi maTTan erTad
yvelaze aqtualur da mwvave sakiTxebs.
swored maTTan Tavdauzogav debatebSi
mivxvdi da darwmunebuli var, maTac
gacnobierebuli aqvT, rom adamiani ar
aris avtomati, romelSic rwmenas, urwmunoebas, ideologiebsa Tu orientacias
iseve `CatvirTav~, rogorc kompiuterSi
raime programas an rogorc CaidanSi
Caasxam wyals. aki `obieqtivis~ Jurnalistic, naxatis garSemo atexili aJiotaJis Sesaxeb studentebs Soris gamokiTxvas rom atarebda, yvelafers ecada, Jurnalisturi neitralurobis yvelanairi zoma daarRvia, lamis sulSi
CauZvra mis mier enis moCleqiT `bavSvebad~ moxseniebul zrdasrul, srulfasovan adamianebs, raTa maTgan sasurveli pasuxi mieRo. magram ratomRac
`bavSvebis~ umetesobis reaqciebi sul
sxvanairi iyo - `ar minaxavs~, `vnaxe,
magram veraferi aRmaSfoTebeli ver
SevniSne~, `vnaxe da ar momewona, magram
visac ra unda, is dauxatia~.
arada, darwmunebuli var, maTi umetesoba morwmunea, rogorc is studentebi, leqciaze rom mismendnen da vusmendi. vis vis da `obieqtivs~ ar SeeSleboda radikalurad damgmobi reaqciebis Cvenebac, aseTi rom Sexvedroda.
mokled, es yovelive aSkarad bevrad
ukeTesi mxridan warmoaCens `morwmunes~, romlis `grZnobebzec~ gamudme-

biT xdeba apelireba politikuri manipulaciisa da sajaro sivrceze sruli
kontrolis damyarebis mizniT.
magram ra pasuxs vaZlev im adamianebs, vinc marTla Seuracxyofad miiRo
`TviTmkvleli RvTismSoblis~ gamosaxuleba? mxolod erTi ram SemiZlia
vuTxra: dasviT kiTxva, Tu ratom mounda
vinmes aseTi ramis daxatva da gamofena.
SexedeT danarCen naxatebsa da fotoebs - sakerav manqanas da manqanad qceul daqancul qals, monuri Sromisgan
gamofitul muSebs, nawlavebgamoSignul colebs, dabinZurebisgan Campal
mdinareebs. egeb swored iseTi ram, rac
yvelaze did RvTisgmobad geCvenebaT,
iyo saWiro, raTa bolos da bolos
yuradReba migeqciaT saqarTvelos socialur katastrofaze.
gaugebrobebis Tavidan asacileblad
xazs gavusvam, rom aravis SeiZleba
hqondes ufleba, lia uklebas aukrZalos, daxatos da gamofinos pistoletmibjenili RvTismSobeli. sajaro sivrceSi religiam ver unda dauSalos
xelovnebas an mecnierebas raimes gamoTqma da mkafiod gamijnuli unda iyos
saero da sasuliero sferoebi. magram
swored am mkafio gamijnulobis farglebSi, amavdroulad nuravis egoneba,
rom samecniero, saxelovnebo Tu ubralod farTo sazogadoeba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesias da masTan afilirebul jgufebs Seatovebs
imis gansazRvrasa da gadawyvetas, Tu
ra aris qristianoba, da xmas ar aimaRlebs dRevandeli eklesiis araTu ugrZnoblobaze socialuri sakiTxebis
mimarT, aramed mis mizanmimarTulad
antisocialur ideologiaze.
eklesiis umTavresi danaSauli isaa,
rom igi mizanmimarTulad da sistemurad amarTlebs da amyarebs im mCagvrel socialur da ekonomikur wesrigs,
romlis mixedviTac, qalma muStebi da
tyviebi unda aitanos; muSa beds Seeguos, eqspluatatoris winaaRmdeg ajanyebis magivrad RmerTs miandos Tavisi
Svilebis bedi da cidan mananas elodos;
surogati dedebis mier gaCenili Svilebi ubedurebad da arasrulfasovnebad
gamocxaddnen; muslimi qarTveli ojaxis SimSiliT gardacvlil Cvils sikvdilic daemadlos; emigranti qalebi
kidev, ojaxis gadasarCenad rom gadaxvewilan sazRvargareT yvelaze mZime
da damamcirebel pirobebSi samuSaod,
`uwesoebad~ Seiracxon, TiTqos piradi
xuSturebis gamo tovebdnen qmar-Svils;
sazRvargareT Tu saqarTveloSi datexil stiqiur ubedurebebs da Camoc-

venil bombebs RvTis movlenili sasjeli daerqvas; cixeSi wamebis sistemuri
praqtika ar gasajarovdes, radgan Turme
sircxvilia.
morwmune adamiani ar aris brma da
cxoveliviT refleqsuri, rogorc eklesia gvaSinebs misiT. samagierod, dRevandeli eklesiaa sruli socialuri sibrmaviT daavadebuli da SeiZleba marTlac gulwrfelad hgonia, qarTveli
qalebi kaprizebis gamo toveben samSoblos da saqarTveloSi miwaTmoqmedebiT
SeZleben Tavis gatanas an sxva stabiluri samuSaos Sovnas. Turme Sromas
gadavCveulvarT. axalgazrdebs hkiTxon, samuSao rom napovni aqvT da `arafers Takiloben~, supermarketebSi ra
pirobebSi amuSaveben, arc xelfass rom
uxdian wesierad da arc pirovnuli
ganviTarebisa da ganaTlebaze zrunvis
saSualebas utoveben. eklesia am yvelaferze an dums, an dabejiTebiT amarTlebs,
an xsnilze xizilalis dayolebas sTavazobs maT.
ar aris es qristianoba. da Tu Soki da `religiuri grZnobebis Seuracxyofaa~ saWiro imisTvis, rom erTxel
da samudamod kategoriulad daisvas
sakiTxi da yvelaze daucveli socialuri jgufebis ideologiur Cagvras
bolo unda moeRos, maSin me mivesalmebi
aseT RvTisgmobas da lia uklebas naxatmac Tavisi funqcia Seasrula.
erTi mxriv, miuxedavad gamalebuli
mcdelobisa, ver moxerxdeba, arsebuli
socialuri katastrofiT gamowveuli
radikaluri protesti, romlis gamoc
tiloze `Tavs iklavs~ RvTismSobeli,

politikurad manipulirebul kampaniad
iqces erTi kritikuli universitetis
winaaRmdeg, romelic Tavis wiaRSi sruliad gansxvavebul mimarTulebebsa da
Sexedulebebs itevs. aqeT `nu SeuracxyofT religiur grZnobebs!~, iqiT `rasac minda, imas davxatav!~ gasagebia.
magram ramenairad gavideT am Sepirispirebis miRma da gavigonoT swored imaTi
xma, vis uxilavobazec vcdilobdiT,
gvemsjela Cvens patara konferenciaze.
Tu arada, isev `bneli“ da `boroti“
religiisa da `gonebanaTeli“ da `keTili“ Tanamedrove samoqalaqo sazogadoebis fuW WidilSi CarCeba yvelaferi
da isinic, vis gamoc lia uklebam tiloze RvTismSobels yvelaze RvTismgmobi Jesti gaakeTebina, kvlavac uxmod
darCebian.
da totaluri cenzurac rom daaweson da araTu msgavsi tiloebi, aramed
eklesiisadmi mimarTuli umciresi kritikuli azris gamoxatvac rom akrZalon, Tavad eklesiis warmomadgenelTa
lamis yovelkvireuli da erTimeoreze ufro aRmaSfoTebeli antisocialuri gancxadebebi Tavisas izams da
kidev ufro gaaRrmavebs sazogadoebaSi momZlavrebul protestis gancdas.
usamarTlo socialuri sistemis pirispir sasowarkveTili adamiani ukidures Jests rom mimarTavs, benzins gadaisxams da Tavs daiwvavs, yvelas arc am
suraTis naxvas urCeven, raTa grZnobebi
zedmetad ar SeelaxoT. cenzuris qveS
ki moaqcev, magram veravin waSlis kiTxvas: ratom?
luka naxucriSvili

13

didi xnis win sadRac wavikiTxe
Cvennairi qveynebis ganviTarebis perspeqtivis erT-erTi yvelaze cinikuri axsna
e.w. „spagetis testis“ meSveobiT. spagetis testi primitiuli testia: imis
gasagebad, spageti moxarSulia Tu ara,
mas kedels esvri. Tu kedels miekra,
moxarSulia, Tu ara, ese igi xarSva
aklia. mokled, am Sedarebis avtori
ambobda, rom „ganviTarebadi qveynebis“
saxelmwifoebrioba iseTi myifea, yvela reforma da investicia demokratiuli institutebisa da kanonis uzenaesobis CamoyalibebaSi ubralo cda
da eqsperimentia - vTqvaT iseTi, rogoric, arc meti, arc naklebi, kedelze
spagetis mixlaa.
darwmunebuli var, am dReebSi bevrma
ifiqra, rom saxelmwifo ki ara, marTlac
eqsperimentia is, raSic vcxovrobT.
CemTvis es sasowarkveTileba 2012 wlis
seqtemberSi wamebis amsaxveli „cixis
kadrebis“ naxvis Semdeg daiwyo da gagrZelda wamebisgan cinikuri sanaxaobis mowyobiT, wamebis msxverplTa reabilitaciis nacvlad maTi Rirsebis
fexqveS gaTelviT, damnaSaveTa dasjis
magier, maTTan sruliad gaugonari TanamSromlobiT. aqve vityvi, rom amaSi
orive politikuri partia damnaSaved
mimaCnia: rogorc erTiani nacionaluri
moZraoba, ise koalicia „qarTuli ocneba“. Tu am werilis mkiTxvelebidan
vinme romelime am poluss miakuTvnebs
Tavs, Sevaxsenebdi erTi afrikul andazas, romelic kargad miesadageba Cvens
mkafiod polarizebul sazogadoebas:
„roca ori spilo erTmaneTs ebrZvis,
balaxi iTeleba.“ es werili am „balaxis“, anu wamebis pirdapirsa da arapirdapir msxverplzea, romelic am dReebSi orive am partiam daiviwya. amitom
calmxrivi da radikaluri poziciis
moyvarulebs SeuZliaT, aqve Sewyviton
kiTxva.
rogorc Cans, bolo dros, 2012 wels
arCevnebis gziT xelisuflebis Secvla
iyo erTaderTi, rac vcadeT da gamovida, danarCeni mcdelobebi ki, didi molodinis miuxedavad, samwuxarod, fuWi aRmoCnda. magaliTad, dRemde ar
mesmis, ratom ar velodiT imas, rom
2012 wlis mere vinme gabedavda da wamebas politikuri brZolis iaraRad
gamoiyenebda? ratom davijereT, rom
im sisastikis kvali sadRac gaqreboda?
ratom davijereT, rom aRaravin mogvismenda kanonis darRveviT an rom xelisufleba aitanda misTvis uxerxulobis Semqmnel medias? ratom davijereT,
rom sasamarTlos eyofoda profesio-

14

nalizmi, eTika da ar datovebda sivrces „brbos marTlmsajulebisTvis“?
2012 wels, Cven, rogorc sazogadoeba, wamebis praqtikas mainc gavemijneT,
roca vTqviT, rom ar vicodiT, ra xdeboda da is yvelaferi Cveni saxeliT da
Cveni TanxmobiT ar xdeboda. xolo is
politikuri Zala, romelic am danaSa-

uls sCadioda (moqmedebiTa Tu umoqmedobiT) gadavirCieT. Tumca, axlandeli
mmarTveli politikuri Zalis Sefasebisas warmoudgenel sizantes da dabneulobas viCenT. amis axsna SeiZleba is
iyos, rom wamebis saqmeSi am xelisuflebas mxolod meoradi roli aqvs,
Sesabamisad, igi warmatebiT axerxebs
mTeli Cveni brazis gadamisamarTebas
pirveladi subieqtis, anu erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis mimarT. moqmedi
xelisufleba arafers gvimalavs, arafrisTvis gvixdis bodiSs, arafers nanobs,
mas mxolod Cveni brazi da emocia
sWirdeba da saSualebas ar gvaZlevs,
wamebas gamoZiebiTa da marTlmsajulebiT gavceT pasuxi. piriqiT, man yvela CagvrTo wamebaSi Tanamonawilis
saxiT, raTa Tavad marTos Cveni brazi
da sasowarkveTileba da is sakuTari
Zalauflebis SesanarCuneblad gamoiyenos. ratom Caanacvla wamebis sanaxaobam wamebis gamoZieba da marTlmsajuleba? imitom, rom marTlmsajuleba, Tu ar gaaqrobda, kalapotSi mainc
moaqcevda brazs da, Sesabamisad, is dakargavda politikuri resursis Zalasa da statuss.
wignSi The Wound and the Witness,
The Rhetoric of Torture jenifer balengi
ambobs, rom wamebis Cveneba aris is, rac
wamebas ritorikul instrumentad aq-

cevs da politikur sibrtyeze wamebis „warmatebuli“ gamoyenebisaTvis ZiriTadi elementi auditoriaa, anu mowme. wamebis videoebs mniSvnelobas auditoria aniWebs. metic, am mniSvnelobas
auditoriis monawileoba qmnis.
samwuxarod, rac unda sastikad
JRerdes, Cven yvela CarTulebi varT
wamebaSi gulgrili mowmeebis saxiT
da wina Tu moqmedi xelisuflebis
pasuxismgeblobis garda, mgoni, droa,
Cveni, rogorc auditoriis rolzec
visaubroT. yvela, vinc wamebis kadrebis sajaro Tu kerZo Cvenebas sazogadoebrivi interesiT amarTlebs, xelisuflebis msgavsad, wamebis msxverplis
Rirsebaze maRla sakuTar vulgarul
cnobismoyvareobas ayenebs. wamebis msxverplis adgilas rom warmovidginoT
Tavi, mivxvdebiT, rom saerTod ar arsebobs raime legitimuri sainformacio
interesi, romelic ufro maRla dadgeba,
vidre msxverplis adamianoba, rac mas
am ZaladobiT waarTves. am yvelafris
sanaxaobad qceviT ki Cven am danaSauls vaRrmavebT.
am Temaze diskusiis kulminacia premier-ministris sruliad upasuxismgeblo, iribi mowodeba iyo SurisZiebisken, Tumca ufro cinikuri iyo meore
mxridan wamebis praqtikis sruli uaryofis mcdeloba. am dros isini, vinc
cixeSi araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobis msxverpli iyo, Cven
gverdiT arian. visac gansakuTrebiT
mokle mexsiereba aqvs, vurCev, gaecnos
or gamokvlevas. pirveli, saxelad „istoriebi saqarTvelos cixeebidan“, 2013
wels gamosca saqarTvelos wamebis
msxverplTa fsiqo-socialuri da samedicino reabilitaciis centrma. es
centri wamebis msxverplebs exmareboda da wignSi maTi uSualo monaTxrobia
Setanili. ai, mcire pasaJi erT-erTi
msxverplis naambobidan:
„televiziiT naCveneb kadrebSi iyo
cixis cxovrebis erTi Cveulebrivi
dRe. me ki aseTi samjer samas samocdaxuTi dRe maqvs gavlili. am dReebis
ganmavlobaSi vuyurebdi, rogor aupatiurebdnen, rogor scemdnen, da me xmis
amoReba ar SemeZlo. e.w. „fuqsSi“
ramdenjer vyavar Cayvanili... „fuqsi“,
es aris daaxloebiT erTi kvadratuli
metris galia, „abeziankas“ eZaxian, sadac arc dawola SegiZlia, verc dajdebi, imitom, rom skami ar aris, betonis iataki da rkinis gisosebia. natrob, iseTi Zili mogerios, rom gaiTiSo da organizmma cota xani daisvenos. xuTi wuTi am betonis iatakze

p
s
Tvalebs milulav, cota xani organizmi
aRidgens Zalebs, mere isev fexze dgaxar.
me piradad, sami dRe da Rame var namyofi ase - ara saWmeli, wyalze xvewna
giwevda. ver gadiodi tualetSi. iqve
unda mogesaqmebina da im sibinZuresTan
erTad unda yofiliyavi ori-sami dRe.
patimrebs vicnobdi, romlebic ori kvira da erTi Tvec ki yofilan ese. sadRac maqvs wakiTxuli „esec gaivlis“,
xSirad vimeorebdi xolme am sityvebs:
„esec gaivlis, esec gaivlis, yvelaferi kargad iqneba.“
meore angariSi aris 2014 wels,
fond „Ria sazogadoeba - saqarTvelos“
mier gamocemuli 2003-2012 wlebSi
penitenciur sistemaSi wamebisa da araadamianuri mopyrobis praqtikis gamokvleva, romelic eyrdnoba 1200 patimris Cvenebasac. am gamokvlevaSi saerTaSoriso Tu adgilobrivi organizaciebisa da saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSebis analizis safuZvelze,
romelic patimarTa CvenebebiT aris
gamyarebuli, vkiTxulobT daskvnebs imis
Sesaxeb, Tu ra roli Seasrula sasjelaRsrulebis sistemaSi wamebisa da
arasaTanado mopyrobis praqtikis arsebobaSi araefeqtianma gamoZiebam da marTlmsajulebam, zedamxedvelobis ararsebobam.
angariSSi vkiTxulobT: „2008 wels
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 144¹ mux-

g
a

t
e

s
i

t

liT (wameba) mxolod xuTi saqme ganixileboda pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi da cxra saqme 144³muxliT
(araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyroba). 2009 wels erovnul
sasamarTloebs 144¹muxliT arc erTi
saqme ar ganuxilavT da mxolod erTi
saqme iqna ganxiluli 144 muxliT.“
saqarTvelos mTavrobam gamoaqveyna informacia, romlis Tanaxmadac, „2011
wels gamoZieba daiwyo daaxloebiT
10 saqmeze gldanis #8, qsnis cixis
da gldanis #18 samedicino dawesebulebebSi arasaTanado mopyrobis SemTxvevebTan dakavSirebiT.“ imave wels
„daiwyo 23 saqmis ganxilva 144 muxliT
(wameba), saidanac 6 SemTxvevaSi gamoZieba Sewyda da 3 SemTxvevaSi dasrulda sasamarTlo ganxilviT. imave xanebSi,
144¹muxliT (araadamianuri da Rirsebis
Semlaxveli mopyroba an dasja) aRZruli 5 saqmidan 2 saqmis gamoZieba Sewyda da erTma saqmem miaRwia sasamarTlo
ganxilvis etaps.“ amas emateba isic,
rom miuxedavad savaraudo wamebisa
da araadamianuri mopyrobis an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis Taobaze patimarTa saCivrebisa, sisxlis samarTlis
saqmeebis gamoZieba iwyeba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis mxolod 333-e muxliT (uflebamosilebis gadameteba) da
ara 144 (wameba) an 144 muxliT (araadamianuri Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba).

s
e

i
t

es pasaJi kargad asaxavs im mdgomareobis mizezebs, rac wamebis amsaxvel
videokadrebSi gamoCnda. 2012 wlamde
gamoZieba da sasamarTlo, ubralod, ar
arsebobda. tragedia is aris, rom gamoZieba da sasamarTlo arc axla arsebobs,
radgan Cven amas ise xmamaRla ar viTxovT, rogorc saWiroa da procesebSi
ise ar vmonawileobT, rogorc saWiroa.
arada, aucilebelia msjelobis ganaxleba aseTi susti gamoZiebisa da sasamarTlos alternativis, simarTlis damdgeni damoukidebeli komisiis Tu sxva
modelebis Sesaxeb da sazogadoebrivi
konsensusis miRweva, raTa, bolos da
bolos, aRvasruloT samarTali da aRar
ganmeordes an dausjeli aRar darCes
wameba, wamebis videoze asaxva, wamebis
amsaxveli videoebis gavrceleba, wamebis amsaxveli videoebis gavrcelebis
araRkveTa da siZulvilis gaRviveba...
wameba, Rirsebis Semlaxavi da araadamianuri mopyroba nebismier qveyanaSi SeiZleba moxdes, magram saxelmwifoebriobis sazomi aseT faqtebze reagireba da maTi prevenciaa.
Tu qveyanas ar moepoveba gamoZiebis
efeqtiani instrumentebi da damoukidebeli sasamarTlo, Tu Segnebuli ar
aqvs, rom adamianis Rirseba yvelaferze
maRla dgas, maSin is imis Rirsic ar
aris, rom saxelmwifos iwodebodes.
Tamar gurCiani

15

1994 weli iyo, roca „dronSi“
jer praqtikaze mivedi, Semdeg ki im
droisTvis erT-erT gavlenian gazeTSi
samuSaod davrCi. 1991-92 wlebis Tbilisis omi ukve Cavlili iyo da is,
rom ramdenime wliT adre „droni“
prezident gamsaxurdias opoziciisTvis
Tavisufali azris gamoxatvis mTavari
tribuna iyo, mxolod saarqivo masalebidan da Cemi kolegebis naambobidan
SemeZlo gamego. finansuri sirTuleebis gamo, mogvianebiT gazeTi „droni“
mediarukidan gaqra, Tumca am saxelis
xsenebisas, gansxvavebuli subieqturi
interpretaciebiT, magram mainc, yvelas
gaaxsendeba is roli, romelic am gazeTma saqarTveloSi 1991-92 wlebSi ganviTarebuli movlenebisas iTamaSa.
„dronis“ magaliTi kargi ilustraciaa qarTuli Tanamedrove mediis uaxlesi warsulisa da im sakiTxebis gasaazreblad, romlebic politikursa
da masmediis struqturebs Soris sistemur Tu fragmentul kavSirebs Seexeba da romlis xarisxi msoflios
sxvadasxva qveyanaSi demokratiis ganviTarebis xarisxis mixedviT varirebs.
am werilis daweris stimulad CemTvis,
cxadia, telekompania „rusTavi 2“-is
sakuTrebasTan dakavSirebiT ganviTarebuli dava, misi qonebis dayadaReba da
Jurnalisturi obieqturobis garSemo
iseTive interpretaciuli diskursi
aRmoCnda, rogoric obieqturobis gagebaa.
pirvel rigSi, albaT, im sakiTxze
Rirs dafiqreba, Tu ramdenad aris media saqarTveloSi TviTkmari biznesi,
rac dagvexmareba im politikuri gavlenebis ukeT gaazrebaSi, romlebic mediainstitutze zemoqmedeben. is dro, roca
damoukideblobis pirvel wlebSi mravaltiraJiani gazeTebi sakuTar Tavs inaxavdnen, „dronis“ msgavsad, zogierTi
gamocemisTvis xanmokle aRmoCnda, zogma
sicocxlisunarianoba sxvadasxva, maT
Soris politikuri subsidiiT gaixangrZliva, risTvisac aslan abaSiZisa
da sxvaTa dafinansebuli mediasaSualebebis ardaviwyebac gvmarTebs. satelevizio mediis ganviTarebam mediabazarze konkurencia gazarda. Tu komunikaciebis maregulirebeli komisiis statistikas gadavxedavT, televiziebis magaliTze kidev ufro cxadad davinaxavT,
rom media stabilurad TviTkmari biznesi ar aris, xolo bazarze arsebuli
moTamaSeebi bazris moTxovnebs sWarboben. ufro metic, zogierTi telekompaniis SemosavlebSi reklamis xvedriTi wili umniSvneloa an ver amarTlebs im masStaburi proeqtebis dana-

16

MFHSEKB VTLBBC

FYFNJVBF

xarjebs, romlebic ekranidanac TvalSisacemia.
Tu media finansurad stabilurad
momgebiani biznesi ar aris, maSin ra
aris is, rac mis sicocxlisunarianobas
gansazRvravs da ra sargebeli moaqvs
mas? qarTuli mediis uaxlesi istoria
cxadyofs, rom swored politikuri
interesebi da gansxvavebuli interesebis konfliqti ganapirobebda da dResac uzrunvelyofs CvenSi pluralistur garemos, rogorc es Canasaxovani
demokratiis qveynebSi Cvenze gacilebiT adre daiwyo.
qarTul mediabazarze badri patarkaciSvilis „imedi“, mogvianebiT yofili premieris biZina ivaniSvilis „me9 arxi“ da GDS-i da nacionalur moZraobasTan daaxloebuli „rusTavi 2“
politikuri paralelizmis niSnebis
matarebeli mediumebia:
badri patarkaciSvilma, romelic
2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebSi
iyrida kenWs, 2007 wlis dekemberSi
telekompania „imedis“ TanamSromlebisadmi videomimarTvaSi daufaravad
isaubra xelisuflebis Secvlis amocanis miRwevis SesaZlo saSualebebis
Sesaxeb.
mas Semdeg, rac 2012 wlis saparlamento arCevnebze Tavis politikur mizans miaRwia da xelisufleba Secvala,
biZina ivaniSvilma saarCevno „paxmeliaze“ daxura Tavisi ojaxis kuTvnili
telekompania „me-9 arxi“; mogvianebiT
ki aseve ivaniSvilebis saojaxo GDS-i

gasarTobi arxidan im platformad
gadaaqcia, saidanac mimdinareobs yofili
premierisa da politikur procesebze
amJamadac eqskluziuri gavlenis mqone piris „momavlis proeqtis“ - „20/
30“-is virtualur sivrceSi xorcSesxmis procesi.
„rusTavi 2“-ma ki, romelic nacionalur moZraobasTan aris daaxloebuli
da romelmac „vardebis revoluciis“
Semdeg Cveul „uoCdogur“ funqciaze
metad gasarTob gadacemebs mianiWa upiratesoba, 2012 wlis arCevnebis Semdeg
xelisuflebis cvlilebebis kvalobaze
gadaxeda saredaqcio politikas da
kritikuli gaxda axali mmarTveli
gundis mimarT.
es mocemuloba sruliad ar iZleva
imis mtkicebis safuZvels, TiTqos mxolod erTi arxia politikurad mikerZoebuli da yvela sxva mediasaSualeba politikuri gavlenebis miRma dgas.
Tu media politikurad diferencirebulia, es ukavSirdeba ara partiebs,
aramed zogad politikur tendenciebs, xolo mediaze politikuri partiebis Zlieri gavlena swored im
sistemebisTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli,
romlebic polarizebuli pluralizmisken aris midrekili. swored dapirispirebuli politikuri interesebia is mamoZravebeli, rac Cvens polarizebul sivrceSi pluralistur garemos uzrunvelyofs. dRevandel realobaSi ki CvenSi pluralizmi swored
„rusTavi 2“-is xarjze miiRweva, iseve,

rogorc es iyo 2003 wels dafuZnebuli „imedisa“ da 2012-isTvis ganaxlebuli „me-9 arxis“ SemTxvevaSi.
rogori saredaqcio politikac unda hqondes mediasaSualebas, alternatiuli wyaroebis arseboba yovelTvis
dadebiTad aisaxeba saerTo media-garemoze, radgan sazogadoebrivad mniSvnelovani, informaciuli Rirebulebis
mqone faqtebis gaziareba pirvelwyarosTan erTad sxva mediumebsac uwevT da
amosavali aq auditoriisa da sazogadoebis ndobis SenarCunebaa.
cixis skandaluri kadrebis eTerSi
gaSvebis pirvelwyaro, marTalia, telekompaniebi „maestro“ da „me-9 arxi“
iyvnen, magram es masala imave dRes, saredaqcio politikis miuxedavad, yvela
nacionaluri arxis eTeriT gadaica.
gansxvavebuli interesebis arseboba amcirebs erTi dainteresebuli pirisa
Tu jgufis xelSi rogorc mediasakuTrebis koncentrirebas, ise erTgvarovani sainformacio nakadebis dominirebas.
biZina ivaniSvilis morigi, rom ityvian,
gulwrfeli aRSfoTeba sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis, „maestrosa“ da, nawilobriv, „imedis“ gamo, swored saerTo
sainformacio politikaze „rusTavi
2“-is gavlenas ukavSirdeboda:
„rameTu nebsiT Tu uneblieT, azriT
Tu uazrod, gaugebrobiT Tu gagebiT,
praqtikulad im Temis aJitirebas akeTeben, ra Temebsac wamoswevs „rusTavi2“...
es aris wamyvani fsonis... Cemi gaaqtiurebis erT-erTi mizezic es aris“, ganacxada ivaniSvilma „kviris palitrasTan“ interviuSi.
demokratiis fundamenturi principi,
rom presas mTavrobis kritikis ufleba
aqvs, cxadia, ormxrivi siamovnebis momgvreli procesi ar aris da Tundac
mediis mxridan gazviadebisa da gadaWarbebis SemTxvevaSi, mas gacilebiT
meti sargebeli moaqvs sazogadoebisaTvis, vidre mxolod im simarTlis
mosmenas, rac yurs eameba. simarTles
ideaTa Tavisufali moZraoba warmoSobs, da ara sakuTari mosazrebebis
erTaderT WeSmaritebad gamocxadeba.
dasasruls, albaT isic unda iTqvas,
rom politikuri pluralizmis aucileblobiT mediaze politikuri gavlenebis gamarTleba sulac ar niSnavs,
rom unda ugulebelvyoT mediis instrumentalizaciis safrTxe, rac, rogorc adreuli demokratiis qveynebis
gamocdileba cxadyofs, mediis komercializaciiTa da profesionalizaciiT
daiZleva.
Tamar kinwuraSvili

tyuili

xSirad darCenilxarT motyuebuli? me Zalian. faqtobrivad, mTeli
cxovreba matyuebdnen. bavSvobidan.
pirveli tyuili, albaT, Tovlis papa
iyo, romelic sibereSi santa klausi
aRmoCnda.
roca kiTxva viswavle, ukve reklama
matyuebda, romlis Tanaxmadac, qarTuli Cai sasiamovno da aromatuli
sasmeli iyo. zogadad, reklamas rom
unda movetyuebine, maSin ar vicodi.
mere matyuebda skolasTan mdgari
fotoebis gamyidveli, romelic 10
kapikad yidda xuTi TmamoSvebuli
biWis fotos rusuli warweriT: Rdfhntn <bnkp\
umowyalod matyuebdnen skolis
saxelmZRvaneloebi. ara marto istoriis, aramed fizikisac, sadac ewera,
rom polzunovma gamoigona vatis orTqlis manqana, xolo popovma - radio.
im xanebSi ar maRelvebda, magram
Zalian matyuebda amindis prognozi.
matyuebda „led zepelini“, romelic
sxvebis daweril bluzebs ise ukravda,
TiTqos misi yofiliyos. matyuebda
maRaziis gamyidveli, roca wona da
xurda yovelTvis Tavis sasargeblod
eSleboda. matyuebda maTxovari, romelic aTas legendas Txzavda Tavis
warsulze. matyuebda geografiuli
ruka. mokled, matyuebda yvela, visac
ar ezareboda.
marto sulxan-saba ar matyuebda,
piriqiT, is erTaderTi iyo, romelic
maswavlida, rogor ar unda movtyuebuliyavi. etyoba, cudi moswavle viyavi, radgan mainc vtyuvdebodi.
matyuebda erovnuli moZraoba, tyuilebs bolo moeReba, roca totalur
sicrueze agebuli sabWoTa kavSiri
daingreva da saqarTvelo damoukideblobas moipovebso. tyuilebi damoukideblobis mopovebis mere unda genaxaT!
komunistebis dros vicodiT, rom
tyuili kanoniT gvqonda garantirebuli da amitom ar ganvicdidiT, roca
gvatyuebdnen. aba rogor unda gavbrazebuliyaviT, roca, konstituciis Tanaxmad, 1980 wels komunizmSi SevidodiT.
erovnuli tyuilebi bevrad ufro mtkivneuli aRmoCnda, radganac
moitana sisxli, ngreva, siRaribe, energokrizisi, teritoriebis dakargva,
imedgacrueba...

biZina mayaSvili

male dadga miTologiuri tyuilebis epoqa. magaliTad, arsebobda
miTi, saxelad mecxre bloki. miTi
sazRvargareTeli megobrebis Sesaxeb.
da yvelaze mTavari - navTobsadenis
miTi. am miTebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo
male samoTxed gadaiqceoda. TavisTavad samoTxec rom didi tyuili
iyo, aRaravis gaxsenebia.
21-e saukunis dasawyisSi daiwyo
axali - nacionaluri tyuilebis
faza. didi araferi, magram mainc
bevri briyvdeboda. Tqveni ar vici, me
ki Cveni politikuri liderebi CrdiloeT koreis matyuarebs magonebdnen,
oRond gemovneba hqondaT arabuli.
koreaSi imas vgulisxmob, TavianT
moqalaqeebs rom atyueben, yvelaze
magar qveyanaSi cxovrobTo, Cvenma fexburTelebma brazilielebs mougeso,
Cven ukeT viciT, Tqven rac gindaTo
da a.S. arabul asociaciebs albaT
xriok da udabno adgilebSi palmebiT
gawyobili infrastruqturebis Seqmna
da maTi arqiteqtura iwvevda. es ZiriTadi xazi iyo, Torem wvril-wvrili da mxiaruli tyuilebi yoveldRe
garantirebuli gvqonda.
aseT fonze bevrma gadawyvita, rom
tyuilebisgan Tavis dacvis saukeTeso
saSualeba xelisuflebis Secvla iqneboda. Secdnen. kidev erTxel. tradiciulad. daaviwydaT, rom Cvennairi
Seumdgari qveynis xelisuflebisaTvis tyuili xSirad droebiTi gamosavalia. gamosavali axal tyuilamde.
amitomac tyuilebi tyuilebis safuZveli gaxda. magaliTad, ityuebian, rom
ruseTis okupantoba tyuilia; ityuebian, soWis olimpiur TamaSebze arwasvliT SeiZleba motyuebulebi davrCeTo; ityuebian, rom Tavad ufro
naklebs ityuebian, vidre opozicia.
sinamdvileSi tyuilebSi erTmaneTs
tols ar udeben.
rac mTavaria, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos yvela xelisuflebas erTi
saerTo tyuili aqvs: TiTqos Zalian
uyvarT mTavari konkurenti ZalauflebSi - eklesia.
erTi sityviT, unda SeeguoT azrs,
rom samyaro tyuilebzea agebuli
da yovelTvis Seecdebian Tqvens motyuebas. mec ise SeveCvie tyuilebs,
rom roca marto var da aravin matyuebs, me TviTon vityueb Tavs, rom yvela me matyuebs.

17

minda, am weriliT ganvmarto, rogor
vxedav Cveni qveynis ganviTarebis safrTxeebs da perspeqtivas im kuTxiT,
ra kuTxesac Cemi Tvalsawieri swvdeba.
daviwyeb imiT, rom, Cemi azriT, qveynis
saxe mis saxelmwifo biujetSi Cans riTi ivseba biujeti da rogor nawildeba Tanxa prioritetebis mixedviT.
CemTvis biujetis xarjva or ZiriTad
nawilad iyofa - qveynis ganviTarebisTvis gamoyofili resursi da socialuri valdebulebebi, romlebsac saxelmwifo iRebs sakuTar Tavze. Cemi
azriT, rac metia ganviTareba, miT meti
valdebulebis aRebis saSualeba aqvs
biujets; da piriqiT, rac naklebia ganviTarebisTvis gaRebuli Tanxa, miT
naklebi unda iyos socialuri proeqtebis dafinansebac. es aris logikuri
CarCo. Tumca, cxadia, sxvadasxvanairi
saxelmwifo arsebobs da yoveli axali xelisufleba Tavis mosaxleobasTan axlebur xelSekrulebas debs, pirvel rigSi, saarCevno programis saxiT.
Cvens qveyanaSi 2012 wlis oqtomberSi mosulma xelisuflebam erT-erT
mTavar prioritetad miiCnia sayovelTao jandacvis saxelmwifo programis
ganxorcieleba. vfiqrob, es iyo Zalian
humanuri gadawyvetileba, romelic qveynis yvela fenis mosaxleobas Rirseuli avadmyofobis saSualebas aZlevda.
Cemma ojaxmac, Cemi axloblebis ojaxebmac visargebleT sayovelTao jandacvis
programiT da sakuTari TvaliT vnaxe,
rogor fasdaudebel samsaxurs sTavazobs saxelmwifo Tavis moqalaqeebs.
madlierebis grZnobis paralelurad,
miCndeboda da miCndeba kiTxva - ris
xarjze xorcieldeba es humanuri proeqti? gvaZlevs Tu ara ganviTarebis
parametrebi saSualebas, rom qveyanam
aseTi socialuri programa ganaxorcielos da aseTi simZimis tvirTi aiRos
sakuTar Tavze?
piradad me qveynis warmatebis safuZvlad ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis
sistemebis ganviTareba mimaCnia. marTalia, am sferoSi Cadebuli investicia
Sedegs wlebis Semdeg iZleva, magram
sanam cvlilebebi ar ganxorcieldeba,
warmatebaze fiqric zedmetia. saerTaSoriso Tu adgilobrivi kvlevebic
adasturebs da maswavleblebis mier
Cabarebuli gamocdebis Sedegebic amaze
metyvelebs, rom saskolo ganaTlebaSi
seriozuli problemebia. aRarafers vambob mecnierebaze, romlis reformirebis
kuTxiT naxevari nabijic ar gadadgmula (Tu ar CavTvliT gia dvalis da

18

avtorTa jgufis koncefcias, romelsac
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros
romeliRac Taroze edeba mtveri).
qveynis ganviTarebis mTavari gasaRebi mainc saskolo ganaTlebaSi devs.
kargi ganaTlebis upirvelesi garanti
ki kargi maswavlebelia. Tu ganviTarebis
proeqtebze vsaubrobT, piradad Cemi
xedviT, saxelmwifom pirveli investicia skolis kvalificiuri maswavleblebiT SevsebaSi unda Cados. es ki
niSnavs ori mimarTulebiT Tanxis gadanawilebas: kvalificiuri pedagogebis
mravalmxriv waxalisebasa da arakvalificiuri pedagogebis Canacvlebas.
2009 wels saxelmwifom maswavleblis profesia regulirebad profesiad
aRiara da maswavleblebis skolaSi
darCenis pirobad sertificireba daawesa. sertifikatis asaRebad saWiro
iyo, rom maswavlebels Caebarebina ori
gamocda: saganSi, romelsac aswavlis
da profesiul unarebSi. pirveli gamocda 2010 wlis zafxulSi Catarda da
oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi sertifikati
daaxloebiT 20 000-ma maswavlebelma
aiRo, xolo 42 000-ma maswavlebelma
gamocda ar an ver Caabara.
„zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb“ kanonis
Tanaxmad, 2015 wlis 1 ianvridan sertificireba savaldebulo xdeboda skolaSi samuSaod. es niSnavda, rom yvela
arasertificirebuli pedagogis adgilze vakansia unda gamocxadebuliyo da
maswavleblebi mxolod im dromde SeinarCunebdnen samsaxurs, sanam maT adgilze ufro kvalificiuri kadri ar gamoCndeboda. cxadia, es iqneboda Zvirad
Rirebuli procesi, romelic Sedegs
mxolod im SemTxvevaSi mogvcemda, Tuki
erTdroulad ori mimarTuleba amuSavdeboda: erTi mxriv, sertificirebul
maswavlebels daeniSneboda realuri
xelfasi, zrdis perspeqtiviT; xolo,
meore mxriv, 42 000 adgili gamocxaddeboda vakanturad da skolis kari
gaiReboda im adamianebisTvis, romlebic
saxelmwifos winaswar daudasturebdnen Tavis kompetencias (ori aTasamde sertifikatis mqone adamiani dResac
aris skolis gareT da skolaSi dasaqmebas elodeba).
axal pirobebSi, savaraudod, skolisken daiZvreboda nakadi im adamianebisa,
romlebsac dRemde ganaTlebis sistemisken ar gauxedavT - axalgazrdebi,
romlebmac universitetebi daamTavres
da karg samsaxurs eZeben; mecnierebi,
romlebmac samsaxurebi dakarges, an
romlebic umcires xelfasze muSao-

SeTavazeba

mTavrobas
ben; dausaqmebeli, magram Sromisunariani da motivirebuli adamianebi.
ramdenime kviris win ganaTlebisa
da mecnierebis ministrma gamoacxada,
rom kanonidan amoRebul iqneba Canaweri, romlis mixedviTac, 2015 wlidan
maswavleblis profesiiT muSaobisTvis
aucilebeli xdeboda sertifikatis
floba. axali wesis mixedviT, 42 000
maswavlebels kidev sami weli eZleva
imisTvis, rom Tavisi minimaluri kompetencia daudasturos saxelmwifos: Caabaros gamocda Tavis saganSi da daagrovos kreditebis garkveuli raodenoba.
ras niSnavs es gadawyvetileba?
minimum sami wlis ganmavlobaSi skolebSi ar moxdeba im maswavleblebis
Canacvleba, romlebmac oTxi wlis manZilze ar/ver daadastures Tavisi kvalifikacia. es adamianebi rCebian sakuTar
adgilebze, sakuTari dabali xelfasiT.
amavdroulad, saxelmwifom aiRo
valdebuleba, rom xelfasi gauzardos
sertificirebul maswavleblebs (20
000 adamians). male gairkveva, konkretulad ras gulisxmobs es zrda.
gamodis, rom saxelmwifom minimum
sami wliT SeinarCuna SedarebiT iafi
saskolo ganaTlebis sistema da gadaavada realuri cvlilebebi skolaSi.
Tumca, Seqmna garkveuli stimulebi
warCinebuli maswavleblebisTvis, romlebic nawilobriv amoqmeddeba 2015
wlidan, nawilobriv ki - 2017 wlidan

(ufro dawvrilebiT axla aRar ganvmartav).
Cemi azriT, dRes saqarTvelos saxelmwifos aRar aqvs Zala ganviTarebis
proeqtebisTvis, radgan mTavari socialuri proeqti - sayovelTao jandacvis programa - nTqavs mTel resurss.
2014 wlis biujetis Sesrulebis analizi kidev ufro naTlad gamoaCens,
ramdenad ereva qveyana Tavis mZime socialur valdebulebebs.
politikuri gundisTvis TiTqmis
gadauWreli amocanaa, Seamciros jandacvis paketi, an sayovelTao dazRvevidan
gadavides sasicocxlo riskebis dazRvevaze (daexmaros yvelas saWiroebis
mixedviT da ara - yvelas Tanabrad).
Tamasa Zalian did simaRlezea aweuli
da misi daweva mZime dartyma iqneboda
nebismieri xelisuflebisTvis. arada,
qveynis ganviTarebaSi seriozuli investirebis gareSe, socialuri valdebulebebis tvirTi sul metad da metad
damZimdeba. Cemi xedviT, faqtobrivad,
Cixur mdgomareobaSi varT, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom am metad mgrZnobiare
Temaze sajarod aravin saubrobs.
namdvilad moxaruli viqnebi, Tu Cemi
es statia gaxdeba stimuli imisTvis,
rom daviwyoT diskusia karsmomdgar
sirTuleebze - rasac vTavazob kidec
mTavrobas, rogorc Cveni saerTo samSoblos gulSematkivari adamiani. iqneb,
Tavad mTavrobisTvisac sasargeblo aRmoCndes, rom gulwrfelad ganumartos
Tavisi qveynis mosaxleobas, ganvlili
ori wlis gamocdilebiT, rogor ereva qveyana socialur valdebulebebs;
rogor balansdeba ganviTareba da mosaxleobis socialuri dacva; ra programebi xorcieldeba ganviTarebis kuTxiT; Tundac, sami wlis Semdeg saidan
gaCndeba biujetSi Tanxa mecnierebisa
da ganaTlebis (Tu sxva sferos) reformis dasafinanseblad.
araferi miTqvams im dargebze, romlebzec bevri araferi vici. iqneb marTlac
arsebobs ganviTarebis didi perspeqtiva,
rac Cemnairi diletantis TvaliT ar
Cans? an iqneb dialogSi iseT sakiTxebze SeTanxmebac gaxdes SesaZlebeli,
dRes rom SeuZleblad gamoiyureba?
Zvirfaso mTavrobav, Tqven agvixseniT da Cven yuradRebiT mogismenT.
mjera, rom saubris dawyeba safrTxeebsa
da perspeqtivebze Tqven aranakleb gWirdebaT, vidre - Cven.
xolo ufro meti keTilganwyobiT
dialogis SeTavazeba, vidre me am weriliT vcade, mgoni, SeuZlebelia.
ia anTaZe

globaluri istoria da
Cveni xmawarTmeuli istoriebi
CemTvis mniSvnelovani avtoriT
erT-erTi yvelaze didi imedgacrueba
agvistos omis dros miviRe. imanuel
uolerstainma, - udidesma sociologma, romlis „msoflio sistemebis Teoriis“ gagebasac mTeli ZalisxmeviT
vcdilobdi studentobis dros, gamoaqveyna blogposti saxelwodebiT `geopolitikuri Wadraki: kavkasiaSi mimdinare miniomis foni~, romelSic Zalian gulgrilad, distanciidan aRwera saqarTvelos tragedia. „geopolitika or moTamaSes Soris Wadrakis
giganturi ciklia, romlis drosac
moTamaSeebi poziciuri upiratesobis
mopovebas cdiloben. umniSvnelovanesia im wesebis codna, romlebic TamaSs
mocemul momentSi warmarTavs“, werda
uolerstaini da dasavleTs, uwinaresad SeerTebul Statebs, ruseTTan
mimarTebiT am wesebis darRvevaSi adanaSaulebda.
es distanciuroba bevri moazrovnis
teqstebs gasdevs uwyvet fonad. magaliTisTvis, ixileT noam Comskis teqstebi ukrainis krizisze - is viTarebas mxolod didi geopolitikuri
moTamaSeebis prizmidan uyurebs da
wers, rom ukrainis garSemo ganviTarebuli movlenebis realuri mizani
dasavleTis mier ruseTis dasustebaa.
mis teqstebSi, faqtobrivad, araa naxsenebi Tavad ukrainis, misi xelisuflebis an xalxis pozicia da miswrafeba. Comski, sxva bevri memarcxene
avtoris msgavsad, wers did moTamaSeebze, geopolitikur gavlenebze, dasavleTsa da ruseTs Soris metoqeobaze
da naklebad ainteresebs mcire erebis xvedri, survilebi Tu arCevani.
am tendenciis Zalian mkafio kritikas axlaxan wavawydi, toni jatis
eseebis krebulSi. erT-erT statiaSi
jati ganixilavs, albaT, msoflioSi
yvelaze cnobili da mniSvnelovani
istorikosis, erik hobsbaumis monumentur naSroms „ukiduresobaTa xana: mokle meoce saukune, 1914-1991“
da aRniSnavs, rom hobsbaumi TvalSi
sacemi gulgrilobiT ekideba aRmosavleT evropas. jati wers, rom TiTqmis
eqvsasgverdian wignSi hobsbaumi sul
eqvs gverds uTmobs aRmosavleT evropis qveynebSi damyarebuli e.w. „namdvili socializmis“ analizs; xolo

1950-iani wlebis Sav furcels - saCvenebel sasamarTloebs - abzacze naklebi aqvs miZRvnili.
sabWoTa kavSiris represiuli ganzomilebis Taobaze hobsbaums iluziebi ar aqvs, Tumca, kavSiris Seqmnas
uwodebs im daSlis da dezintegraciis erTaderT alternativas, „romelic
ganicades sxva arqaulma da damarcxebulma imperiebma, kerZod avstro-ungrulma da Turqulma. maTgan gansxvavebiT, bolSevikurma revoluciam, sul
mcire, kidev 74 wliT SeinarCuna
Zveli caristuli saxelmwifos mravalerovnuli teritoriuli erTobis
didi nawili“. da es rom SemTxveviTi
Sefaseba ar aris, kidev ufro naTeli
xdeba mogvianebiT, roca hobsbaumi
sabWoTa kavSiris daSlas aRwers da
ambobs, rom aman meTvramete saukunis
Semdeg pirvelad Seqmna „saerTaSoriso
sicariele triestidan vladivostokamde“. im xalxebisTvis, romlebic
sakuTriv am „sicarieleSi“ cxovrobdnen, meoce saukunis istoria sruliad
gansxvavebulad aRiqmebao, wers jati
da dasZens - saqme isaa, rom hobsbaums,
marqsis msgavsad, es mcire erebi didad
ar ainteresebs.
am problemaze, an ufro mZime terminologiiT rom vTqvaT, amgvar diskursul velze - bevrs vfiqrob. mainteresebs, mainc ra aris imis mizezi,
rom memarcxene moazrovneebs, romlebmac, xSir SemTxvevaSi, mTeli Tavisi
cxovreba miuZRvnes dasavleTis kolonializmis kritikas da samxreT
aziis, axlo aRmosavleTis, an laTinuri amerikis qveynebis Cagvris analizs,
aseTi xazgasmuli gulgriloba axasiaTebT „Cvens“ sivrcesTan mimarTebiT.
am kiTxvaze yvelaze martivi pasuxi
albaT is aris, rom maTi mxridan dasavleTis koloniuri ganzomilebis
kritikidan logikurad gamomdinareobs ocneba dasavleTis, gansakuTrebiT
ki SeerTebuli Statebis geopolitikuri gavlenis „dabalansebis“ Sesaxeb.
es ocneba ki, Tavis mxriv, ruseTis,
rogorc potenciuri „gamawonasworeblis“ imperiul miswrafebebs aniWebs
legitimacias. am yvelafers ramdenime
negatiuri Sedegi mosdevs - saqarTvelos da ukrainis, interesebi ewireba.
magram es pasuxi ar aris sakmarisi.

19

mTavari problema, Cemi azriT, sxvagan
unda veZeboT. im faqtSi, rom warsulSi
imperiuli dominaciis qveS myofi sxva
qveynebis Tu yofili koloniebisgan
gansxvavebiT, „Cven“ jer kidev ver movi poveT adgili globalur istoriografiaSi, ver SevZeliT istoriis Cveni
perspeqtividan wakiTxva. ki, Cvens regionTan mimarTebiT araerTi akademiuri
dargi Tu moduri mimdinareoba Seiqmna.
magaliTad, `post-sabWoTa~, `tranziciis~, an `centraluri da aRmosavleT
evropis~ kvlevebi; araerTi gamokvlevaa
dawerili calkeuli erebis istoriaze
(magaliTad, stiven jonsis, donald reifildis, ronald sunis da sxva avtorebis Rirebuli da mniSvnelovani naSromebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb), erovnulganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobebis liderebze, disidentebze, iseve, rogorc totalitarizmis sabWour specifikaze.
magram es iniciativebi mainc ar warmoadgens globaluri istoriis reviziis
sistemur mcdelobas da ar asaxavs im
xalxebis Tu socialuri jgufebis
mTel kompleqsurobas, romelTa kulturuli, politikuri da teritoriuli
istoria ruseTis imperiul proeqtebTan - dinastiurTan, socialisturTan
da dRevandelTan - kavSiriT Seiqmna.
sxva yofilma koloniebma ki es SeZles. samxreT azielma, axlo aRmosavlelma Tu samxreT amerikelma moazrovneebma dasavleTis akademiur sivrceSi
Seqmnes mTeli dargebi Tu mimdinareobebi, romlebic maTi qveynebis, kulturebis Tu xalxebis gamocdilebis globalur istoriografiaSi „dabrunebas“
isaxavda miznad.
am mimdinareobebSi yvelaze cnobili
albaT 1970-80 wlebSi ZiriTadad literaturis fakultetebze damkvidrebuli `postkoloniuri Teoriaa~ - dargi,
romelic Seiswavlis kulturul urTierTobas evropul naciebs, maT Soris
britaneTs, safrangeTs, espaneTsa da im
erebs Soris, romlebic aziaSi, afrikasa Tu samxreT amerikaSi cxovroben
da evropelebs kolonizebuli hyavdaT.
Tumca, aranakleb - da SesaZloa ufro
metadac - mniSvnelovani iyo kvleviTi
iniciativebi uCveulo saxeliT, „subalternis kvlevebis jgufi“, romlis
uSualo mizani swored gandevnili
jgufebis dabruneba iyo istoriis dominantur versiebSi.
es uCveulo sityva, ufro sworad,
cneba - „subalterni“ - specifikur
mniSvnelobas atarebs. bevrs is Cagvris,
eqspluataciis, daqvemdebarebis, an, Tundac, „uflebebis darRvevis“ sinonimad

20

miaCnia da am mniSvnelobiT iyenebs
xolme; magram subalterni ar niSnavs
ubralod Cagvras. „yvela subalterni
Cagrulia, magram yvela Cagruli ar
aris subalterni“ - aseTi mkafio gansazRvreba movismine axlaxan erTi axalgazrda istorikosis leqciaSi.
am cnebis fesvebs italiel marqsist
moazrovnesTan, antonio gramSisTan mivyavarT. Tavis cnobil `sapyrobilis rveulebSi~ - teqstebSi, romlebsac italiis
faSisturi reJimis tusaRi gramSi
1929-dan 1935 wlamde werda - is am
cnebiT aRwers im marginaluri jgufebis mdgomareobas, romlebic gariyuli
arian istoriis Seqmnis procesebidan
da warTmeuli aqvT `xma~, romelic
organizebis da Zalauflebis wesrigis
TavisTvis sasargeblod Secvlis saSualebas miscemda. `subalternuloba~
ar aris ucvleli mdgomareoba. gramSi
subalternul jgufebs konkretul istoriul da kulturul konteqstebSi
ganixilavs - sxvadasxva periodSi (mag.
Zvel romSi, Sua saukuneebis sazogadoebebSi, Tanamedrove saxelmwifoSi) mas
aseTebad monebi, glexebi, religiuri
jgufebi, qalebi, araTeTrkanianebi Tu
proletariati esaxeba. am jgufebs istoriis `arqona~ aerTianebs; maTi istoria saerTod ar aris asaxuli warsulis dokumentebSi.
samxreT azielma - ZiriTadad indoelma - swavlulebma am cnebis STagonebiT 1982 wels inglisSi Camoayalibes
`subalternis kvlevebis jgufi~, romlis mizanic, farTo gansazRvrebiT, istoriis revizia iyo. ufro konkretulad ki jgufis kvlevebi warmoadgenda
istoriis axlebur analizs, romelSic
subalternuli jgufebi pirvelad iyvnen warmoCenili istoriis subieqtebad,
moqmed pirebad. am iniciativis sulisCamdgmeli mkvlevari, ranajit guha, sainauguracio gancxadebaSi werda, rom
jgufi emijneboda Tanamedrove indoeTis istoriis Sesaxeb diskusiebSi gamokveTil or ZiriTad tendencias rogorc imperialistur safuZvlebze
damyarebuls, romelic indoeTis erovnul identobas acxadebda britaneli
mmarTvelebis mier gaxsnil universitetebSi naswavli, indoeli elitis pragmatuli naazrevis nayofad; ise nacionalisturs, romelic istorias asaxavda
indoeli gamaTavisufleblebis heroikul da epikur brZolad britanel
kolonizatorebTan.
guhasTvis da misi TanamoazreebisTvis istoriis es orive versia elitisturi iyo da, realurad, mxolod eli-

turi klasebis istorias gadmoscemda
- britanelebi iqneboda es, Tu indoelebi. `subalternis kvlevebis jgufis~
mizani ki istoriaSi im jgufebis `dabruneba~ iyo, romelTa xma, roli da bediswera am ori dominanturi narativisTvis ar arsebobda - iqneboda es glexebi,
Raribebi, Tu muSebi. aseve qalebi romelTa marginalizaciasac eZRvneba
mkvlevarTa jgufis cnobili wevris,
gaiatri spivakis dRes ukve qrestomaTiul teqstad qceuli ese, `SeuZlia
subalterns laparaki?~ (spivakis Teoriuli modelis Tanaxmad, civilizaciuri misiis da emansi paciis saxeliT
moqmed britanel koloniur mmarTvelebs qalebi unda `gadaerCinaT~ arqauli, patriarqaluri da religiuri, induisturi tradiciebis damcveli, adgilobrivi Zalebisgan - da am dapirispirebaSi Tavad qalebi utyv, uxmo da
depersonalizebul obieqtebad iyvnen
qceulni).
1980-iani wlebis Semdeg `subalternis kvlevebi~ mniSvnelovnad gafarTovda. sxva swavlulebma, romlebic samxreT azieli mkvlevrebis magaliTiT
xelmZRvanelobdnen, SeerTebul StatebSi 1993 wels Camoayalibes `laTinuri
amerikis subalternis kvlevebis jgufi~,
romlis kritikis obieqtsac aseve elitisturi istoriografia warmoadgenda,
amjerad ukve samxreT amerikis koloniuri istoriis konteqstSi. amdenad,
istorikos di peS Cakrabartis sityvebiT, `subalternis kvlevebi~ lokaluri akademiuri iniciatividan TandaTan
gadaiqca istoriis weris axlebur, masStabur, postkoloniur proeqtad.
Tumca, warsulSi xmawarTmeuli jgufebis Tu gariyuli kulturebis `dabruneba~ istoriaSi ar yofila mxolod
im swavlulebis mizani, romlebic
(post)koloniur konteqstebs ikvlevdnen. piriqiT - am iniciativebs dasavleTis akademiur sivrceSi mniSvnelovani
mzaoba daxvda. istoriaSi mSromelTa
klasebis mier Setanil wvlils jer
kidev meoce saukunis dasawyisSi ikvlevdnen fabianeli istorikosebi; 1960iani wlebidan ki `istoriis qvemodan
weram~ - imave `radikalurma istoriam~
erTiani, koncentrirebuli forma miiRo.
britanel istorikos edvard palmer
`i. pi~ tompsons 1963 wels ukve dawerili hqonda Tavisi teqsti, `inglisis muSaTa klasis Seqmna~, romelmac,
rogorc amboben, ingliseli muSebis
istoria daviwyebisgan ixsna; kidev ufro adre, 1959 da 1960 wlebSi ki
gamovida zemoT ukve naxsenebi erik

globaluri istoria da
Cveni xmawarTmeuli istoriebi
hobsbaumis teqstebi - `primitiuli
meamboxeebi~ da `subalternuli klasebis istoriisTvis~ - romelSic swavlulma aRwera `socialuri banditis~
(Cveni terminologiiT, albaT `yaCaRis~)
fenomeni da glexTa amboxebebi. amave
periodidan gaZlierda feministuri
da qalTa istoriis tradicia - romelic istoriis qalebis perspeqtividan
danaxvas da istoriul movlenebSi qalTa rolis warmoCinebas isaxavs miznad;
aSS-Si samoqalaqo uflebebisTvis brZolam kidev ufro didi mniSvneloba
mianiWa istoriis SavkanianTa perspeqtividan wakiTxvas; biZgi mieca araheterocentristuli seqsualobis kvlevebsac
- istoriis narativSi `SeaRwia~ erTi
da imave sqesis adamianTa Soris seqsualurma urTierTobebma, romlebic, marTalia, ukve antikur civilizaciebSi gvxvdeba, magram devnis da represiebis gamo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi iyo gandevnili istoriis dominanturi versiebidan.
am kompleqsur procesebs udidesi
Sedegebi mohyva rogorc akademiuri,
ise politikuri TvalsazrisiT. warsulSi marginalizebul, xmawarTmeul
jgufebs miecaT istoriis reviziis,
misi axleburi wakiTxvis, kiTxvebis
dasmis saSualeba - marTalia, xSirad
ara pirdapir da inteleqtualTa SuamavlobiT, magram mainc. Zalauflebis
struqturebs mouwia eRiarebina am
jgufebis arseboba, Cagvra da marginalizeba, ramac bevri, warsulSi subalternuli jgufi SedarebiT xiluli gaxada. cxadia, maTi Cagvra amiT ar dasrulebula da yofili koloniebis warmomadgenlebs, Savkanianebs, qalebs, muSebs
Tu homoseqsualebs dResac uwevT diskriminaciasTan brZola. magram `subalternuloba~ - xmawarTmeuli, uxilavi
mdgomareoba - bevrisTvis Seicvala
istoriis reviziiT da mis dominantur
narativebSi SeRweviT.
magram, rogorc vTqviT, sxva bedi
gvergo „Cven“ - im xalxebs, kulturebs
Tu qveynebs, romelTa istoriac ruseTis imperiul proeqtebTan kavSiriT
daiwera. Cven ver SevZeliT istoriis
sistemuri revizia. Cveni pozicia kvlavac marginaluri rCeba.
amas bevri mizezi aqvs - maT Soris
is diskursuli veli, romelzec zemoT
vwerdi da romelsac, samwuxarod, didwilad dasavleli memarcxene moazrov-

neebi qmnian, ruseTis imperiuli miswrafebebiT dasavleTis globaluri
gavlenis „dabalansebis“ surviliT da
aqedan gamomdinare gulgrilobiT mcire
erebis xvedris mimarT (cxadia, es yvelas ar exeba. zemoT naxsenebi toni
jati swored sapirispiros magaliTia).
magram yvelaze mTavari mizezi ki albaT
mainc is vakuumia, romelic bolSevikebis mier inteleqtualuri elitis
ganadgurebam da dasavleTis akademiur
sivrcesTan kavSirebis gadaWram moitana. am vakuumis Sevseba dRemde ar
gamodis, ivane javaxiSviliseuli masStabi da siRrme didi xania dakargulia. Cveni regionis socialuri da
humanitaruli kvlevebi savalalod CamorCeba dasavleTis universitetebisas.
saimisod, rom Seni perspeqtividan SeaRwio globalur istoriaSi da reviziis
mcdeloba gqondes, misi weris wesebs
unda flobde. magram saqarTveloSi
globaluri ki ara, sakuTari, lokaluri istoria ver dagviweria miTebis,
sadRegrZeloebis, qsenofobiis, TviTegzotizaciis da - rac mTavaria - sabWoTa
periodSi Camoyalibebuli kliSeebis
gareSe.
arada, xmawarTmeuli mdgomareobis
garRveva da istoriis dominanturi
versiebis Cveni perspeqtividan revizia
Zalian mniSvnelovani iqneboda, pirvel
rigSi politikuri TvalsazrisiT. im
sivrceSi, romelsac ruseTis imperiul
proeqtTan hqonda da aqvs kavSiri, uamravi adamianis, Taobis, socialuri, eTnikuri, religiuri jgufis istoriaa daRdasmuli dominaciiT, okupaciiT da
kolonizaciiT. sxvadasxva socialurma
jgufma es dominacia gansxvavebulad
gamocada - isini ewinaaRmdegebodnen,
adaptirdebodnen, an, piriqiT, mxars uWerdnen da Tanamonawileobdnen masSi.
es uamravi istoria jer kidev mosayolia, mTeli es kompleqsuroba - aRsaweri, Cveni marginaluroba - an, Tu
gnebavT, „subalternuloba“ - gadasalaxi. magram am saqmes didi perspeqtiva
ar uCans. amitomac weras trivialuri fraziT Sevwyvet - isRa dagvrCenia,
imedi viqonioT, rom momavali Taobebi
mainc iswavlian globaluri istoriis
enas. radgan sxvanairad - am enis gareSe - istoriaSi Cvens „xmas“ albaT verasodes movi povebT.
salome asaTiani

ucxoeTSi gardacvlil
qarTvelTa samSobloSi
gadasvenebis xarjebs
saxelmwifo dafaravs
saqarTvelos premier-ministris
giorgi kvirikaSvilis davalebiT
sagareo saqmeTa saministro ucxoeTSi gardacvlili moqalaqeebis
gadmosvenebis dafinansebis sakiTxs
mTavrobis sxdomaze ganxilvis gareSe gadawyvets da yvela saqarTvelos
moqalaqes, romelic ucxoeTSi gardaicvleba, misi gadmosvenebis xarjebs saxelmwifo dafaravs.
am iniciativisTvis saqarTvelos
premier-ministrma ministrs diasporis sakiTxebSi gela dumbaZes madloba gadauxada.
`batoni gela dumbaZis iniciativa iyo da minda es iniciativa
moviwono, Zalian bevri Cveni Tanamemamule saqarTvelos moqalaqe, roca isini gardaicvlebian ucxoeTSi, maTi axloblebi mogvmarTaven,
Tu vinmem monaxa nacnobi an kontaqti mTavrobaSi, isini ama Tu im
gzas naxuloben da Semdeg Cven vixilavT xolme mTavrobis sxdomaze
gadmosvenebis sakiTxs. aseve problemaa, rom bevri adamiani vinc esa Tu
is arxi ver monaxa... samwuxarod,
aris SemTxvevebi, roca TveobiT aris
cxedari macivarSi.
mgonia, rom es Cveni saxelmwifos Rirsebis sakiTxia, Cveni Tanamemamuleebi gadmovasvenoT saqarTveloSi.
mTavrobis sxdomaze gadmosvenebis sakiTxis ganxilva ar aris
saWiro, es avtomatur procesad
unda vaqcioT. minda didi madloba
vuTxra gela dumbaZes am iniciativisTvis da sagareo saqmeTa saministrom mixedos am proceduras,
mTavrobis sxdomaze am sakiTxs ganxilvis gareSe da is Tanamemamule,
vinc mogvmarTavs, vuzrunvelyoT dafinansebiT da daxmarebiT, raTa isini
gadmosvenebul iqnan saqarTveloSi.
dResdReobiT Cvens mier mokvleuli informaciiT, araerTi Cveni
Tanamoqalaqe aris gadmosasvenebeli
ucxoeTidan, romlebic macivarSi
inaxebian, ar mindoda es sityva mexmara, magram es Cveni Rirsebis sakiTxia da mivxedoT am ojaxebs~, - ganacxada kvirikaSvilma.

21

genbybc
ltlf
laSa buRaZe
- ar minda mTelma msofliom gaigos,
sad mdebareobs Cemi sacxovrebeli adgili. vityvi mxolod imas, rom es miwa
cnobilia vaSlis xeebiT da kidev imiT,
rom aqedan naxevari saaTis savalze
daibada sabWoTa kavSiris beladi ioseb
stalini. magram es adre. me ar vicnobdi arc magas da arc dedamiss. me
gvian gavCndi.
es araa Cemi samSoblo, me davibade
sxvagan, sxva qveyanaSi da sxva xalxSi,
magram gangebam ise ineba, rom ukve aTwleulebia aq vcxovrob da im enaze
vsaubrob, romelic mSobliuri ar aris
CemTvis, Tumca mSobliurze ukeT vici
axla. magram rad unda ena Zroxas an
qaTams? me maT vesaubrebi saerTaSoriso
enaze, romelic gasagebia, rogorc adamianebisTvis, aseve cxovelTa yvela saxeobisaTvis.
Tuki Cems biografias gadavxedav,
darwmunebiT SemiZlia vTqva, rom arasdros damkargvia piradad Cemi pasuxismgeblobis qveS myofi rqosani an frTosani. iyo SemTxvevebi, roca Zroxa gaetyuebinaT sxva soflidan mogzavnilebs,
magram Cemi pirutyvi - arasdros. sxvisi
Zroxebi, sulo da gulo, mravaljer
momibrunebia mSobliur sofelSi.
aq ar arsebobs arc arc erTi cocxali da jansaRi cxoveli, romelic me
damemaleba. sofelSi ician - Tuki rqosani samanqano trasaze gadavida da
gaqra, maSinve me unda momixmon.
amayi var, radgan Cemi cxovrebis
manZilze mi povnia asobiT boCola, Txa,
qaTami da Rori!
swored me davubrune sofels ori
wliT gauCinarebuli kameCi da isic
me viyavi, vinc xramSi gadamxtar cikans
miagno, me vi pove mglis lekvebi da me
aRmovaCine jeiranis nakvalevi, romlis
Sesaxeb dRemde ambobs zogierTi unamuso pirovneba, rom es daTvis nakvalevi
iyo. am dros, sad daTvi, sad jeirani!
ratom vixseneb am yvelafers? imitom rom moganiSno: yvela da yvelaferi mi povnia Sens garda!
ukve aRarc maxsovs, ramdenjer vcade
SenTan dakavSireba, sad aRar viyavi, vis
aRar vTxove Svela, magram mainc ver
moaRwia Senamde Cemma gzavnilma.

22

Sesavlis magier
saqarTveloSi bevrma icis, rom qveynis SuagulSi, kaspTan, im qalaqs
Soris, sadac odesRac stalini daibada da sadac 2008 wlis ruseT-saqarTvelos omis Semdeg, samxreT-oseTis araRiarebuli, ufro sworad, mxolod ruseTis mier aRiarebuli da realurad ki okupirebuli `saxelmwifo~
gaCnda, moxuci qalbatoni, vera putina cxovrobs. es qalbatoni ukve
wlebia erTsa da imaves imeorebs, rom is ruseTis prezidentis, vladimer
putinis dedaa da ucnaur, paradoqsalurad damajerebel ambebs hyveba
ruseTis amJamindeli mmarTvelis bavSvobis Sesaxeb.
kaspis raionSi rom CaxvideT da pirdapir hkiTxoT Semxvedrebs, putinis deda sad cxovrobso, arc daibnevian, xelad migaswavlian mis sacxovrebels: `putinis deda? ager cxovrobs, sofel metexSi~.
ramdenime wlis win mis Sesaxeb dokumenturi filmi gadaiRes, Tumca
misi naambobis namdviloba arc aravis daudasturebia da arc aravis uaryvia. erTi kia, arcTu didi xnis win romeliRac qarTul gazeTSi amovikiTxe, rom qarTvel eqspertebs amerikelTa daxmarebiT CautarebiaT am
qalbatonisa da vladimer putinis Tmis DNA-is analizi (Turme, amerikelebs moupovebiaT putinis Tmis Reri) da am eqsperimentis Sedegad erTxel da samudamod dadasturebula misi dedoba.
ver getyviT, ramdenad sarwmunoa es cnoba, magram TavisTavad imis
gamoZiebac saintereso iqneboda, rogor da ra viTarebaSi moxda putinisTvis
Tmis Camowiwkvna (Tan ise, rom mas ver gaego)? bunebrivad xom ar dascvivda? SesaZlebelia, rom misi romelime kolega-prezidenti wapotineboda?
asea Tu ise, es ambavi calke gamoZiebas saWiroebs, Cemi piesa ki ara imdenad konkretul dedaze, ramdenadac moxuc pensioner qalzea, romelic,
erTi mxriv, samarTlianad Civis Tavisi siRatakisa da daucvelobis gamo,
meore mxriv ki - da swored am mizezTa gaTvaliswinebiT! - Tuki vinme eimedeba, es mxolod putinia; putini, romelic warsulis dabrunebas, sabWoTa kavSiris aRdgenasa da misi uiRblobisa da SiSis mTavari mizezis,
dasavleTiT mcxovrebi Zveli, Zlieri da uCinari mtris saboloo ganadgurebas hpirdeba.
ukrainis krizisis dros, prezidentma putinma Tavad aRiara, rom misi
jariskacebi (citata) `qalebisa da bavSvebis zurgs ukan idgebian~, da
marTlac - bevrma naxa is kadrebi, roca putinis beteerebsa Tu samxedroebs faqtobrivad win miuZRodnen usamarTlod daCagruli, magram aw gamaogneblad gasastikebuli da SurismaZiebeli bebiebi.
putinis dasayrdeni axla SeSinebuli, mitovebuli da mZvinvare pensionerebia. despotebis ukan xom yovelTvis es umravlesoba dgas.

pirvelad TxuTmeti wlis win gnaxe
televizorSi da xelad gicani - kedel-kedel rom mouyvebodi grZiv darbazs... meTqi, esaa Cemi Svili, es biWi
davkarge wlebis win! saxec Senia, mixvramoxvrac, fexis gadgmac - odnav daqanebulad marjvnisken…da udavod simaRlec, radgan es Tavidanve naTeli iyo,
rom metad arc gaizrdebodi. ZilSic
gnaxe da ase miTxari: `deda, damawinaures, ardadegebze Camoval~.
dedis guls ras moatyueb!
didi sizmrebis mxedvel-momyoli
arasdros vyofilvar, magram 1987 wlis
16 marts cxadad damesizmra qarelis

raionSi dakarguli boCola. da sadac
damesizmra, meore dRes swored iq naxes Cemma Tanasoflelebma. es SemTxvevac
msgavsia.
oTxjer myavxar nanaxi mravalricxovan sazogadoebriobasTan laparakis
dros: viZinebdi da viRviZebdi, Sen ki
isev televizorSi ijeqi da mosaxleobas esaubrebodi. xoda, meTqi, amaSic
me mgavs, gaCereba ar icis, Tavs ar daizogavs, iqamde mowvelis pirutyvs, sanam
bolo wveTs ar gamoadens. piradad me
Zroxis damCutavs miwodebdnen sofelSi
da Senc aseTi xar: cxovels manamde
ar gaeclebi, sanam pirwmindad ar dauc-

li ZuZuebs. me damemmgvane, ras izam.
dedis bunebac imgvaria, rom rogori
Robeebic ar unda amouSenon da ramxela
mavTulxlarTebic ar unda gauban, Svilisken gasaRwev Rars mainc monaxavs
da Tund sikvdilis fasad, mainc miawvdens Tavis xmas.
axla iseTi suraTia, rom Senma samxedroebma - Tumca Cemi da Seni ram gahyo, - Cveni soflidan ramdenime kilometrSi mavTulxlarTebiT SemoRobes
miwa. am wuTebSic ki, roca me Cems vaJTan vcdilob saubars, didi mondomebiT midis mavTulxlarTebis bma da
sasazRvro niSnebis darWoba: `saxelmwifo sazRvari~.
sazRvrebi ki, unda mogaxseno, gadis
kerZo baRebSi, saxlebSi, saZovrebze, saxnav-saTesebze da sasaflaoebze. aris
SemTxvevebi, rom samxedro pirovnebebis
mier gaweuli samuSaoebis Semdeg saxli sazRvars aqeT rCeba, CeCma ki, ese
igi, tualeti, sazRvris iqiT. maSasadame,
Zroxa aqeT da boseli iqiT, mZoveli
aqeT da saZovari iqiT.
erTi pirovneba sazRvars aqeT darCa Tavisi moxuci coliTurT, xolo
misi mSoblebis saflavebi mavTulxlarTebis gadaRma. xoda, roca samxedroebs pirdapir dausva sakiTxi, vai
Tu movkvde, rogor damkrZalon, RobeSi kuboianad xom ar gamaZvreneno, imaT
miugiaT - moskovSi unda wavidnen da
iq aiRon Seni damarxvis cnobao. magram
axla uyure, ra xdeba: sasaflao yurisZirSia, gorakze, xolo moskovamde, sul
cota, erTi kvira mainc unda Casvlas.
xuT dReSi mkvdari ayroldeba, Wirisufali moiqanceba, magram ise nu ifiqreb, TiTqos kanonierebis winaaRmdegi
viyo: me rom mkiTxo, kargma Wirisufalma
araTu erT, aramed or da sam kviras
unda gauZlos Tavis mkvdars. amitom
didad ar vyvebi im xalxs, vinc amaze
viSviSebs. rodis aqeT gaxda sawuwuno
da saTakilo moskovSi Casvla? xalxi
mizezs eZebda Cems axalgazrdobaSi, iq
rom wasuliyo da aha, amaze kargi
mizezi raRa ginda! aqaurebs mand Camosasvlel saSvebs aRar aZleven, Torem
mkvdris dasamarxs vis daukaveben. Caakrav pasportSi Seni mkvdris fotos
da yvela kari gageReba moskovSi. oms
erTi patara cnobis gamo xom ar daiwyeb!
bevric jonjolis sakrefad gadis
tyeSi da dRe ar gava, vinme rom ar
daiWiron samxedro pirovnebebma. magram
gana tyuilad iWeren, - tyuilad ra,
yaCaRebi ki ar arian, - sazRvris darRvevis gamo iWeren. zogjer iq Cndeba

mono-piesa

sazRvari, sadac wina dRes ar yofila
da es xalxic Cveuli gziT dadis
jiutad - viTom ar ician, rom jonjolis tye erTi saaTis ukan, an, ufro
meti, wina Rames Sesuliyo sxva qveynis
SemadgenlobaSi. aba, ra unda amis gagebas? xedav, jariskaci modis, an kidev
vilisi, Tuki Wkua gaqvs, xom unda mixvde, rom sazRvari gadagikveTia? piradad
me, erTxel, ganzrax wavedi jonjolis
sakrefad xsenebul tyeSi da ise viare
gumaniT, rom erTxel ar SemomrRvevia
sazRvari; imdeni jonjoli davkrife,
sad wameRo, aRar vicodi. mere ambobdnen: ician, visi dedac xar da amitom
ar dagiWires. dedoba ra SuaSia? ar
damirRvevia da amitomac ar damiWiresmeTqi. Sen ra icodi, sazRvari sad gadioda, iqneb daarRvie kidec da verc
gaigeo. me ar vicodi, magram rom mcodnoda, ar davarRvevdi da raxan ar damiWires, maSasadame, arc damirRvevia-

meTqi. magram CemTvis ki vfiqrobdi,
iqneb da marTlac Sengan icodnen, vinc
viyavi da amitomac ar momekaren-meTqi.
me xom vici, rom Sen ici, sad var da
ras vSvrebi. sadac ar unda viyo, guliT da suliT vgrZnob, rogor miyureb
da mismen, zrunviT rogor miTvalTvaleb.
isic unda icode, rom fulis gamo
xSirad xdeba jonjolis da fiCxis
Sesagroveblad gasulTa gataceba. samxedro pirovneba itacebs, rogorc sazRvris damrRvevs da mere fuls sTxoven
ojaxs. ojaxs ki ra aqvs? jonjoliRa
aqvs, isic daukrefavi. oRond axla
ise ar gamigo, TiTqos sarCos Sovnis
winaaRmdegi viyo! viTom ratom ar unda moTxovon? aq jonjolia fuli da
oqros Tumnianebs xom ar moTxoven?
guli mxolod imaze momdis, rom
amasac Sen gabraleben - gegoneba, Sen
gindodes amaTi fiCxi an moskovSi

23

aRebuli amaTi mkvdris cnoba. Sen saidan unda icode, aq ra aReb-micemoba
trialebs! Sen gaWirvebulebis mxares
xar, Sen ra jandabad ginda amaT RobeebSi gaZvrenili mkvdrebi? Sen samarTlianoba da siyvaruli ginda, gana me
ar vici! magram marto me rogor gaqo
amden heqtarze? erTma dedam ra unda
iRonos! rZali mainc myoloda Sengan,
gverdSi medgeboda da sityvas Semawevda
- sad erTi qali da sad ori amxela
msoflios winaSe! magram ar myavs Sengan
rZali da arc is vici, colad vin gyavs amJamad. an Tu gyavs saerTod? gacildi? mokvda? ori coli gyavs? erTi
Sinauri da erTi sagareo? iseTebs amboben, yurebs ar vujereb. SeiZleba
dedam ar icodes, hyavs Tu ara Tavis
RviZl Svils coli? an Tu ar hyavs,
vin hyavs? Svilebi gyavs? ramdeni gyavs?
Cems SviliSvilebze gekiTxebi, ucxo
xalxze xom ara! ra gaqvs dasamali?
coli rogor unda daumalo dedas…ginda Sinauri, ginda sagareo? Svili
ramdeni gyavs? aqvT saxelebi? mamaSens
platoni erqva, qvia Sens Svils platoni? ar gaxsovs mamaSeni? me aRar maxsovs da Sen rogor gemaxsovreba! agronomi
iyo da oTx TveSi damtova. mere gavicani
pirovneba, romelic ganawilebiT muSaobda Cvens qalaqSi da colad gavyevi.
swored mas CamovyeviT am qveyanaSi: Sen
- Svidi wlis asakSi, me…- aba, ra saTqmelia, arc maxsovs. aTi wlis iyavi, roca ukan gagabrune. ver Seewyve am pirovnebas. amaT rom bombav, sul Sens maminacvals abraleben eseni, am dros, ar
iyo cudi kaci. yovel SemTxvevaSi,
amaTi dasabombi araferi uqnia. iyo
uxeSoba, iyo pirovnuli SeuTavsebloba,
iyo fizikuri datakeba - rogorc Cemze Sens TandaswrebiT, aseve Senze Cems
TandaswrebiT da Cems dauswreblad magram zRvargadasuli arasdros araferi ukadrebia. rTuli wlebi gewyeboda: iyo ucxoobis SiSi gareganad da
Sinaganad sxvanairi xalxis mimarT, iyo
moTiTeba Senze, iyo kinklaoba aqaur
TanatolebTan da amitom vifiqre, iqneb
SenTvis ukeTesic ki yofiliyo sisxliT monaTesave Cems biZaSvilTan Seni gaxizvna. xoda mand wavage, mag gzaze
Sevcdi! imaT TavianTi Svili ar hyavdaT - SeSindnen, vaiTu ukan mogvTxovoso da kvali aries, werilebi ukan
momibrunes da samudamod dagvaciles
erTmaneTs. asea, gind biZaSvili iyos
da gind deidaSvili, Tuki boroti Causaxlda sulSi, miT umetes, uSvilos,
yvelaferzea wamsvleli.
mere iyo Cvenebis kosmosSi gafrena,

24

qveynis arev-dareva, SimSiloba da, aba,
sadRa da rogor momenaxe! viRacam
Tqva, mSoblebi daRupvia da upatrono
bavSvebis aRsazrdels miabareso. mand
meored movkvdi. neta simarTlea? Tu
asea, ratom ar dabrundi? ratom ar
gadmokveTe jonjolis tye da muxlebSi
ar Cauvardi dedaSens? erTma dambladacemulma kacma rogor SegaSina? Cemi
bralia? me SegaSine?
roca wlebis win Seni brZanebiT
bombavdnen aqaurobas, kerZod Cems sofelSi arc erTi bombi ar Camovardnila.
erTaderTi, Zroxas daejaxa Tqvenebis
tanki trasaze. xoda aqaurebi amboben,
rom raxan aq vcxovrob, amitomac ar
gaeci dabombvis brZaneba. genacvale, marTla amitom dagvinde? icodi, rom dedaSeni aq ijda? Tu marTla egrea, gaxsovdes, aTjer ufro metad meyvarebi, vidre aqamde miyvardi. me Seni ar meSinia!
giJi ki ara var, Svilis meSinodes! gana me ar vici, rogori guli gaqvs,
Wkua rom hqonoda Sens cols, sagareos,
Sengan wavidoda saxlidan? yoCaR im
saxlis cols, Tu marTla saxlSi
zis da gareT ar gamodis, radgan visac
Sen uyvarxar, is oTx kedelSi mjdomic
bednieri iqneba. rad unda moundes
gareT gasvla? amitom aq ki vambobdi,
Tuki gindaT, rom bombi ar mogxvdeT,
sanTeli RvTismSobels daunTeT-meTqi,
magram gulSi mec vicodi, rom sofelSi,
sadac dedaSenTan erTad Camoxvedi, erT
bombsac ar Camoagdebdi.
magram mainc mindoda, rom sanTeli
daenToT! da gana mxolod Tavmdablobis gamo, SeiZleba Tavmdablobac iyo,
ki, magram mTavari mizezi mainc isaa,
rom amaT RmerTi daiviwyes, is ki, me
ase mesmis, Tuki vinmes axsovs axla,
marto Sen! swored Sen icav WeSmarit
rwmenas garyvnilebisa da gadaSenebisgan da amdeni uwminduric amitom geseva. Torem ra jandabad ginda es ori
mtkaveli miwa, amxela sufTa jaSuSobis darazmva da zeviT xsenebuli erTi
gaubedurebuli jonjolis tye!
marTali guli gaqvs da erT metr
miwas ar uTmob uRmerToTa mxedrobas.
jer kidev rodis mindoda Seni sazogadoebrivi gamosvlis dros CarTva televizorebSi da mTel qveyanaze gamocxadeba: es araa dava erTi an ori heqtarisTvis, esaa brZola Cveni sulebis
gadarCenisTvis! ras miqvia erTi-ori
kacis sikvdili, an, gnebavT, xalxTa jgufebis, roca aris SesaZlebloba, rom
milionobiT suli daiRupos? xom mogewoneboda ase Tqma? xom gecnoboda dedaSeni? magram, aba, ubralo xalxs ras

Seagnebineb, sustebi varT adamianebi, ver
vxvdebiT, CvenTvis ra sjobia! aba, rogor daajereb viRac arasaTanadod moazrovne pirovnebas, rom misTvis is
ufro ajobebs WeSmariti rwmenisTvis
mokvdes, vidre kaciobriobis mtrebma
daisakuTron misi miwa-wyali! ra jobia:
urwmunod sicocxle Tu rwmeniT sikvdili? CemTvis ase dgas sakiTxi. gaigos
mTelma msofliom.
am dros, aq iyo ramdenime pirovneba,
igive Seni naxevarZma da misi coli guli mikvdeba, amaT rom piradad ar
icnob, - vinc pirdapir meubneboda im
omis mere: rom gcodnoda aseTi gaizrdeboda da bombebs dagvayrida, mainc
acocxlebdi, ar moiSlidi mucels, an
Tu mucels vera, bavSvobaSi mainc ar
mogudavdio? es ra saTqmelia? jer
erTi, dedam saidan unda icodes, Svilisgan ra gamova da meorec, romc icodes,
rac gamova, mosaklavad rogor gaimetebs?! Wkuidan Semcdari Tu ar xar,
Svils rogor daRupav? Svilma rogor
unda SegaSinos!
magram iyo aseTi laparaki, ki, damfrTxali iyo zogi da CemTvis miuRebel
SekiTxvebs misvamda: magaliTad, mkiTxavs
an wmindanis cxovrebiT naRvaw mRvdelmonazons rom eTqva, es Seni Svili
uricxv ugunur sulwawymedils, Tumca mainc mokvdavs gaistumrebs im qveynad, ras izamdi - ar ajobebda, rom aseTi arc gazrdiliyoo? ar moklavdi
Seni xeliTo? gesmis? satanad miaCndi
zogierTs. magram ver daZraxavdi, ver
xvdebodnen, ramxela omi wamogewyo maTive gadarCenisTvis. me arc maSin merideboda amis Tqma da arc axla merideba,
pirdapir vambob: araTu satana, aramed
piriqiT, RmerTis doneze xar CemTvis!
da ara imitom, rom RviZli Svili xar,
miT ufro, aseTi saxelovani, dawinaurebuli, yvelafrismxedveli da SorsmWvreteli, - Sen Cemnairi mSromelebis RmerTad mimaCnixar, aravis rom ar
SearCen Cvennairebis daCagvras da mkacr
pasuxs moTxov yvelas, vinc Cven aseT
dReSi Cagvyara - mTeli cxovreba rom
vSromobdiT, welebze fexs vidgamdiT,
Rameebs vaTenebdiT da ori kapiki pensiis imedad rom dagvyares sikvdilis
piras! oRond im pensiebsac rom ar
gvaRirsebdnen da SimSiliT rom gvZvreboda suli; wamali raRaa, wamlis fuli rom ar mqonda da arc erTi kbili
rom ar SemrCa pirSi. ager, Sexede!
Sen unda iZio Suri yvela daCagrulis, yvela sacodavis da yvela daavadebulis gamo - gana marto pensionerebisas vambob! yvela saaTobiT rig-

Si mdgomTa gamoc…- erTi cali Savi
puris gamo rom vasworebdiT dResa
da Rames!
Sen xar RmerTi da mosarCle yvela
im sawyalTa, vinc wlebiT agrovebda
fuls Semnaxvel salaroSi da meanabreebma, mebaJeebma, bankis xalxma, eSmakebma da belzebulis naSierma uxseneblebma
SeuWames erT dRes! Sen unda iZio
Suri imaT gamo, vinc oTxgzis da xuTgzis yofila Sromis gmiri da axla
transportSi asasvlel SeRavaTian bileTs amadlian! am dros, rad minda
amaTi transporti! ra, troleibusiT
unda viaro jonjolis tyeSi? Tu
rom axval, adgils dagiTmobs vinme!
zizRiT giyureben, jerac cocxali ratom xaro.
dasaje da mospe es uzrdeli da
sajdom-wamouweveli xalxi, sisxlis
wvima mouvline imaT Svilebs da colebs,
vinc Cemi obligaciebiT SeiZina ginda
uZravi, ginda moZravi qoneba, vinc Tavisi
pirutyviviT nazardi ojaxoba moasuqa kuTvnil codvis buded qceul regionSi da me ki ukbilod damtova oTxmoci wlis asakSi. arc erTi kbili
ara maqvs, Sexede!
SeiZleba dedaSens ar hqondes kbilebi?
dasetyve im naZirala gamgeblis saxli, vinc Tavisi qofakebi gamouSva, raTa
Cveni bazari aeSala qalaqis SesasvlelSi da sardafebSi Cagvalpobina gausaRebeli xorci, yveli, vaSli da msxali. dasaklav burvaks rom miugavs
saxe - dascxe mis Tavze erTi bombasaviT
mexi, an kidev ukeTesi, - amboben, Rvinis
sma uyvars mag mucelamouyoravs, xoda
Caayrevine WiqaSi TvaliT uxilavi asafeTqebeli, erTianad rom gauglijos
gaqonili gul-muceli, rogorc yvela
im uwmindurs, vinc win gadagidga Tundac Seni qveynis sazRrebis gareT. xom
gaqvs iseTi bombi, iseTi mJava, siTxeSi

rom Cawuro, ginda wyalSi, ginda RvinoSi, ginda CaiSi - arc vici, Cais Tu
svams saerTod, - da sxvebis saCveneblad,
sxvebis samagaliTod gaxeTqe!
aafeTqe, deda genacvalos, dasaje
Cveni Semginebeli da Rirsebis amyreli,
welSi gagvaswore, muxlebze wamogvayene, Cvens ukan dadeqi da zurgi gagvimagre! gvaCvene codvilT musvra sazogadoebasTan Seni sajaro Sexvedris msvlelobebis Jams, raTa cqeriT mainc vijeroT guli, gaeci brZaneba SegviSvan
bazarSi, iyidon jonjoli, yveli, vaSli
da msxali…- aTobiT dakarguli Zroxa
myavs saxlSi moyvanili! brZane, kbilebi Camisvan, imis meaTedi mainc momcen,
rasac wlebi vdebdi igive SenTvis, igive
Seni sawyali naxevarZmebisTvis im dawyevlil Semnaxvel salaroSi, - ager
Cemi salaros wignaki, yvelaferi aRnusxuli maqvs!
dasaje yvela, vinc ambobs, rom Sen
xar yvelaze mdidari dedamiwaze, radgan
me vici, Sen mdidari xar Seni sibrZniT
da yovlismcodneobiT da ara qonebiT,
magram Seni gaTxvra undaT da Cemi wameba: `ai, vin geimedeba~, `ai, vin gagiCenia~. vin gamiCenia? saukeTeso gavaCine,
oRond ar micnobs.
risi unda meSinodes? ra vqna? dRe
da Rame locvebSi mogmarTav, Sens saxels vimeoreb! erTxel makocnine. rogor
movaRwio Sens misaRebamde? samoci welia jonjolis tyes ar gavcdenivar.
gamogzavne Seni angelozi, raTa xelSi
amitacos da sabuTis gareSe gadmomafrinos kavkasionze! ar gaqvs Sesabamisad
aRWurvili TviTmfrinavi? erTi ormocdaxuTkilogramiani qalisTvis…- ra
mZime me var?
Turme, visac moundeba, Sens pasports
aiRebs da sadac ar unda iyos, sadac
ar unda cxovrobdes, gind mTaze, gind
barSi, samaradJamod Seni iqneba, da Tu-

ki vinme moundomebs daCagvras, Tuki im
qofakebis xeliT gadauyrian gasasaRebel saqonels, am kurTxeuli pasportis
madliT dawvavs!
es pasporti Seni gulis saSvia,
amis amRebi Seni nawili gaxdeba. Tavze
dagvayare es madliani qaRaldebi, gadmoafrine Seni vaJkacebi da zevidan
aZaxebine Cveni saxel-gvarebi! yvelasi
gecodineba, yvelas saxels getyvi, yvelaferi aRnusxuli maqvs, yvelani Seni
varT. me ver mivatan Sens momdevno sajaro gamosvlamde, lodini momspobs,
magram ise ar minda movkvde, erTxel
mainc ar Cagxedo TvalebSi - sad iyureba
Seni coli, sagareo Tu saSinao, ra
feri gadevs saxeze! - amden Sens mwyevlels me erTma rogorRa vajobo? ar
manaxo Seni dasusteba.
kargad gZinavs?
yvelgan mtrebi gyavs, aTi Tvali
da yuri unda gamoiba, aravin icis, vin
saidan gecema, sad Cagisafrdebian. rom
gesrolon? Seni afeTqeba rom scadon?
wyalSi rom Cagigdon uxilavi yumbara?
wyali ar sva. Sens samdivnos SemaerTe,
me unda viyo Sens gverdiT, Torem win
gadamfarebeli ar geyoleba. Senken gamosrolil tyvias Tavis sxeuls aravin
SeuSvers. rame rom moxdes, Cemi sisxli
dagWirdeba - kidev as weliwads gacocxlebs! es sisxli unda gadagisxan, me
ar menaneba, radgan sisxlis meti jansaRi aRaraferi maqvs. warmogzavne Seni
TanaSemwe, momZebnos, waiRos Cemi sisxli
da Sen mogamaragos. Sens lodins SenTvis sikvdili jobia! mimsaxure!
SemTxveviT ar minda, movkvde! SemTxveviTma bombma ar unda momklas!
Sengan unda iyos piradad CemTvis.
da esec janmrTelobis mizeziT, aucileblobis gamo. ratom unda meSinodes
SemTxveviT sikvdilis? amaSi mainc gamogadge. nu msji.

25

amerikuli vesternis
guruli gmirebi

Tbilisi da quTaisi
ar hqondaT nanaxi
da uceb
niu-iorkSi moxvdnen
26

kinoreJisori da mkvlevari irakli
maxaraZe cnobili wignebis: `guruli
mxedrebi amerikaSi~, `erTxel amerikaSi
- ucnobi guruli mxedris Canawerebi~,
`uaild vesTis mxedrebi~, `erTi muWa
vesternis~ avtoria. am wignebSi wlobiT
nagrovebi faqtebic aris da avtoris
emociac, ucxoelTa azric da Cveni
damokidebulebac. yvelaze sainteresod
is momeCvena, rom irakli maxaraZem moaxerxa, arc modas ahyoloda, arc vinmes
gavlenis qveS moqceuliyo da iseTive
gulwrfelobiT hyvareboda vesterni,
rogoriTac adreul siymawvileSi, im
Soreul warsulSi amerikaSi gadaxvewili gurulebs, romelTa Sesaxeb masalebi misxal-misxal ugrovebia. mere, isic aRmoaCina, rom Turme vesternis mTavar xibls - triukebs, amerikelebi gurulebs unda umadlodnen...
irakli maxaraZe: - bavSvobidan mainteresebda vesterni. anagis quCaze
iyo kinoTeatri `gazafxuli~, didubeSi
- `kosmosi~. iq, omis Semdeg, germaniidan Semotanil e.w. `nadavl" filmebs~,
maT Soris, amerikul suraTebs uCvenebdnen, romlebmac Cemze didi STabeWdileba moaxdina.
bavSvobaSi, guriaSi msmenia, gurulebma gadaries mTeli amerika, magram TviTonac gadareulebi darCneno. 10 weliwads
vikvlevdi am ambavs da nel-nela gavacnobiere, rom arsebobda erTi saintereso kavSiri - aRmovaCine, rom Tavad
amerikelebi weren: yvelaze didi gavlena kovboebis teqnikis Camoyalibebaze rusma kazakebma moaxdineso. `rus
kazakebs~ swored amerikaSi Casul gurulebs uwodebdnen...
sxvaTa Soris, gasuli saukunis dasawyisSi lukmapuris saSovnelad Soreul amerikaSi Casul gurul mojiriTeebsa da muSaiTebs Soris qalebic
iyvnen. am mojiriTe qalbatonebs gurul-aWarul-lazuri Caqura emosaT
tanT. moxerxebulma da lamazma samosma amerikelTa yuradReba miiqcia
da... swored Caqura daedo safuZvlad
amerikul brijebs.
- saintereso wre Seiqmna. Tqven
dainteresdiT vesterniT da iqamde mixvediT, rom am filmebSi qarTvelebsac
hqoniaT wvlili Setanili...
- metic... cnobili Soumenis bafalo bil qoudis sacirko sanaxaobam veluri dasavleTis Soum, kovbois mTel
msoflioSi gauTqva saxeli, rogorc
axali miwebis amTvisebels, Tavisufal
adamians, ubadlo msrolelsa da indielebTan mebrZols. am mSvenivrad dadgmul speqtaklebSi, romlebic ameri-

kuli Soubiznesis sawyisad aris miCneuli, kovboebi brZolisa da Zarcvis
scenebs aCvenebdnen, atarebdnen Sejibrebebs jiriTSi, lerietes xmarebasa
da mizanSi srolaSi. am SouSi monawileobdnen guruli mojiriTeebic. Tomas insma, holivudis studiuri sistemis fuZemdebelma, kontraqti gauforma veluri dasavleTis Sous da mis
monawile cxenosnebs filmebSi iRebda. amitom bevri fuli aRar sWirdeboda vesternebis Sesaqmnelad. gadmocemiT vici, guruli mxedrebi ambobdnen, kinoSic gviRebeno. rogorc Cans,
vesternebSi iRebdnen.
- es sadme xom unda iyos dafiqsirebuli?
- raki statistebs arasodes afiqsirebdnen, maTi gvarebic filmis titrebSi ver moxvda. isic aris, rom qarTvelebma gvarebi gadaikeTes. somxebi
gvars arasodes icvlidnen, qarTvelebi ki iolad akeTebdnen amas...
- Tu arsebobda cxenosnobis qarTuli skola?
- ara, glexebi Raribebi iyvnen, amis
saSualeba saidan eqnebodaT? xSirad
cxenic ar hyavdaT da dabmuls Tu
waawydebodnen, axsnidnen da jiriTobdnen. imitomac wavidnen saqarTvelodan, rom SeWirvebulni iyvnen. Tbilisi
da quTaisi ar hqondaT nanaxi da uceb
niu-iorkSi moxvdnen, fuli iSoves da
TavianTi profesionalizmiT pativiscemac daimsaxures. isec momxdara Turme, mTvrali guruli xmliT Sevardnila kafeSi da daulewavs yvelaferi...
- rogor fiqrobT, ratom ar Seiqmna qarTuli kino, sadac Cveni tradiciuli cxenosnobis ileTebs gamoviyenebdiT? aucileblad amerikaSi unda
esargeblaT gurulebis niWierebiT?
- CvenTanac iyo vesternis zegavleniT gadaRebuli filmebi, Tundac, ivane perestianis `wiTeli eSmakunebi~.
am filmis mixedviT, Semdeg, reJisorma
keosaianma `mouxelTebeli SurismaZieblebi~ gadaiRo, sabWoeTSi Zalze popularuli filmi.
- sabWoTa periodSi Caketili iyo
sivrce da `wiTel eSmakunebs~ amerikaSi vin naxavda?
- marTals brZanebT... sxvaTa Soris,
20-ian wlebSi vesterni Zalze popularuli Janri iyo CvenSi, magram 30ian wlebSi aikrZala, xalxis mexsierebaSi ki darCa. mas mere, es Janri
msoflio kinematografs moedo. imxanad didi popularoba jazmac moi pova,
magram mogvianebiT, sabWoTa ideologiisTvis miuRebeli aRmoCnda da sas-

tikad idevneboda. kovboi, rogorc personaJi, boris barnetma - rusma reJisorma ganasaxiera erT-erT munj filmSi. yvela kinematografisti swavlobda am Janrs. saqarTveloSic gadaiRes
ramdenime kargi vesterni - `maci xvitia~, `mizani~ da sxv. magram Cven erTi
seni gvWirs - baqiaoba. yvelas gvinda,
tarkovski, ioseliani, miqelanjelo antonioni viyoT. yvelas saavtoro filmebis gadaReba gvinda.
- arakomerciul filmebs gulisxmobT?
- saerTod, ra aris arakomerciuli
kino?
- roca filmi kinos moyvarulTa
mxolod mcire nawilisTvisaa saintereso. me Zalian miyvars ioselianis
`pastorali~, magram bevrs ar ainteresebs...
- mere ra?! gvqondes `makdonaldsic~ da daxvewili italiuri restoranic. sabWoTa dros saSualeba
gvqonda, erTic gadagveRo da meorec.
qarTveli xelovnebi qedmaRlebi arian. roca vesternze velaparakebodi, es
ra ariso? - mxrebs iCeCdnen. rogor
SegiZlia Tqva, es ra ariso, roca jon
fordi, kurosava muSaobdnen am JanrSi. am mxriv Zalian sainteresoa sem
feqinfa, reJisori, romelsac CvenTan
ar icnoben da romelmac kinoSi Zaladoba sul sxvagvarad aCvena - kacis
mokvla sinamdvileSi ioli saqme xom
ar aris, ise, rogorc filmSia xolme
naCvenebi. ra uZRvis amas win, es xom
saSineli grZnobaa. erTi sityviT, vesterns, romelic 105 wlisaa, daxvewili mayureblisTvisac iRebdnen. bafalo bili - veluri dasavleTis SousTvis gurulebis damqiravebeli lamis nacionaluri gmiria. man gauTqva
saxeli amerikel kovbois, Torem manamde is umdablesi fenis warmomadgeneli iyo.
- iseve, rogorc saqarTveloSi kintoebi da yaraCoxelebi, ara?
- asec aris. Zvel Tbilisze filmebi
maqvs gadaRebuli. Tavisi xibli hqondaT maTac. ra iyo cudi imaSi, kinto
rom xilsa da bostneuls mogarTmevda Sin? kintoebs TavianTi amqari hyavdaT, TavianTi cxovrebis wesi hqondaT.
aseve iyvnen yaraCoxelebic.
- qarTvelebi mxolod yaraCoxelobas viCemebT...
- mere kargia? kinoSic ase moxda,
SigniT erTi darCa da garegnulad
sxvas iCemeben. saSinelebaa.
esaubra:
lela jiyaSvili

27

padam, padam, pariz!
bevris momswre var me...
tkivilis ufro metad, magram mainc siyvaruls meZaxian...
saxels vamarTleb, Cems qvabSi ixarSeba cudic da kargic...
tkivilebic.
inovaciuric var... pirveli var,
quCebi rom gavanaTe dedamiwaze.
romis dasavluri kampaniebidan dawyebuli miwidan aRmarTuli Tu aRmocenebuli, lutecia, isev romis dacemam gamanadgura, germanikulma Semosevebma isev qvis xanas damabruna...
aravis egona, Tu aRvdgebodi.
oo, aRvsdeqi, gavlamazdi, Tumca
Cems quCebSi dResac ismis giliotinis eqo; Ram-RamobiT, konkordis moedanze, qaris saxiT daZrwis lui meTeqvsmetisa da maqsimilian robespieris
aCrdilebi, da Tu kargad mousmenT,
maTi piridan bolos da bolos gamocrili pardon SeiZleba gaigonoT.
vicodi Cemi codvis simZimec...
amitom iyo, deda RvTismSobels taZars ori saukune vuSenebdi - arkbutantebiT, goTuri arqiteqturiT,
Tumc - msubuqsa da narnars.
SevZeli Cemi quCebis ise mokirwyvla, rom quCidan sastumroSi dabruneba arasodes mogdomeboda; warsulSi samogzaurod luvri Semoginaxe; salvador dalis, pikasos, van
gogis, modilianis, mones Sesacnobad
monmartze gaseirnebis sixaruli gaCuqe...
oo, Sens esmeraldasTan erTad mxolod xelCakidebuli unda moiaro
Sanz-elize, triumfalur TaRqveS siyvarulis fici unda uTxra, marinis

Sen

namyofi xar
safrangeTSi?
28

skverSi dauviwyari kocna aCuqo da
daRlilebma eifelis koSkSi isadiloT, radgan es erTaderTi adgilia
mTels il-de-fransSi, saidanac `is~
ar Cans - namdvili da Zveli parizelebis tkivili.
xo, parizs uxdeba wiTeli buSti,
lamorisis TvaliT daganaxebs namdvil parizs, viwro Tu aivnian kvartlebs, dauyvebi mTvarian RamiT da
marcval-marcval gaixseneb yvela winadadebas:
ludoviko meToTxmete daiCemebs
- saxelmwifo, es me var!
anri meoTxec ar CamorCeba
- parizi Rirs mesad!
mere fransua pirveli gamoCndeba
- yvelaferi dakargulia, Rirsebis
gardao! - (netav ase iyos, axla?)
mari-antuaneta, imperatoris umcrosi qaliSvili da ara marto
- Tu puri ar aqvT, funTuSa Wamono!
mere daiRlebi, safunTuSes win
Camojdebi da wamis meaTasedSi aRmoaCen, rom sruliad SeiZleba Segiyvardes parizi - unaxavad!
Tu gogona SeiZleba Seiyvaro unaxavad, parizma ra daaSava?!
* * *
dRes parizs ZaZebi Caucvams msoflios gamosafxizlebelad ukve
meramdened iglijavs sakuTar sxeuls
- amis miuxedavad, mis quCebSi kvlav
siyvarulis da sikeTis CvenSi dasabadeblad mReris edit piafi - padam,
padam, padam... Il dit: Rappelle-toi tes
amours Rappelle-toi puisque c'est ton
tour...
manuCar kaWaxiZe

saTaurSi dasmul kiTxvas pirvelive winadadebaSi
vupasuxeb: aranairi mniSvneloba ar aqvs namyofi xar
Tu ara toponomiur adgilas saxelad „safrangeTi“.
arc me var namyofi, magram imdeni franguli wignis SesaniSnavi qarTuli Targmani wavikiTxe mokle periodSi, rom bolos ukve davibeni.
- iqneb namyofic var? ratomac ara?
mokled, minda gagiziaroT is siamovneba, romelic
frangi avtorebis qarTul enaze kiTxviT miviRe. bevri
avtori aRmoCena iyo CemTvis, umetesoba sasiamovno aRmoCena, ramdenime - ise ra. yvelaze metad ki erTma faqtorma gamaoca da momWra Tvali - momwonda Tu ar momwonda, absoluturad yvela avtori erTmaneTisgan radikalurad gansxvavebuli stiliT da saTqmeliT gamoirCeoda. ho, es ukve namdvilad didi literaturuli tradiciebis simptomia, sxvanairad SeuZlebelia
aseTi mravalferovneba.

klienti
yovelTvis marTalia?

yvela dros hyavs Tavisi totemebi
da RmerTebi, dRevandelobisa aris misi
udidebulesoba momxmarebeli adamiani.
adamiani, romelic STanTqavs xeebs da
qmnis restornebs, STanTqavs cxovelebs
da qmnis swrafi kvebis obieqtebs, STanTqavs ganviTarebadi qveynebis arasrulwlovnebs da qmnis fexsacmelebs, romliTac mere Tavs iwonebs xelovnursafarian sportul moednebze sirbilis dros.
momxmarebeli adamiani aris sastiki
da kaprizuli, is ver egueba Tavisi
moTxovnebis Seusruleblobas da vai
maT, vinc iqneba SemCneuli daumorCileblobaSi! ganadgurdnen, mokvdnen, daixvriton, atomuri bombiT afeTqdnen adgilzeve!
maSasadame, epoqam orad gagvyo miuxedavad religiuri, eTnikuri Tu sqesobrivi kuTvnilebisa - momxmareblebad
da momsaxureebad. sazRvari maT Soris
metad myife da aramyaria, radgan momxmarebeli TavisTavad momsaxurec SeiZleba
iyos da piriqiT. metic - kacobriobis
absoluturi umravlesoba oriveni varT,
momsaxureebica da momxmareblebic,
oRond sxvadasxva drosa da sxvadasxva
adgilas da rodesac rolebs vcvliT
da virgebT momsaxuris rols, erTi
wesi avtomaturad yvelas gvaxsendeba,
romelic myarad gvidevs TavSi da romelsac aras didebiT ar unda gadavuxvioT Tu ar gvinda, rom TamaSidan gavvardeT saerTod - „klienti yovelTvis
marTalia“!
es gaxlavT momxmarebeli sazogadoebis qvakuTxedi da erTaderTi sibrZne, absoluturi WeSmariteba, razec
dgas yvela ganviTarebuli Tu ganviTarebadi sazogadoeba. es wesi gansazRvravs pozicias da gviTiTebs adgils,
saidanac unda aRviqvaT samyaro. imis
iqiT ukve danaRmuli zonaa!
klienti yovelTvis marTalia, radgan is ixdis fuls anu is aZlevs sistemas maradiuli TviTganaxlebis saSualebas, is asxams sawvavs gigantur
meqanizmSi da vai mas, vinc klientis
simarTleSi eWvs Seitans - es tabua,
kritikas, msjelobasa da gansjas ar
eqvemdebareba.
unda aRvniSno, rom saqme metwilad
gavamartive da martiv mocemulobebamde daviyvane arsis gamosaxatad. sinamdvileSi, sistemis gamarTulad funqcionirebisTvis uamravi WanWikia saWiro, uamravi detalia gasaTvaliswinebeli. erT-erTi aseTi WanWiki gaxlavT
benjamin maloseni, daniel penakis na-

warmoebebis SesaniSnavi ciklis „malosenebis sagis“, mTavari moqmedi gmiri.
benjamini umniSvnelovanes saqmes akeTebs
da amaSi iRebs kidec mSvenier anazRaurebas, usamsaxurod darCenis safrTxec
ar emuqreba Tan arasdros - gantevebis
vacia. misi funqciebis ukeT gasagebad,
SegiZliaT warmoidginoT Tqveni Tavi
xelfasis aRebidan meore dRes, sadme
vTqvaT teqnikis maRaziaSi, sadac yidulobT gazquras da gaxarebuli miaqanebT saxlSi, radgan ggoniaT rom is
Zveli gazqura, romelic simarTle rom
vTqvaT jer kidev mSvenivrad muSaobda,
ukve Sesacvlelia da kargi hqeniT
rom droze SecvaleT. saxlSi misuls
coli gegebebaT, gkocniT, bavSvebs uxariaT, mezobelic ki xarobs momxmarebluri
cxovrebis saswauls da am saerTo saxalxo sixarulis Jams aRmoaCenT, rom
Tqveni gazqura ar muSaobs, qarxnuli
wuni aqvs! saSinlad brazdebiT, imav
wams gindaT mivardeT maRaziaSi da
dalewoT yvelaferi, asec akeTebT. Tqveni risxva mouTokavi da gulwrfelia,
Tan usafrTxo - risxva gamyarebulia
erTwliani sagarantio furclis naglejiT, romelic jibeSi gegulebaT
da Zalas gmatebT. mirbixarT maRaziaSi da iwyebT ginebas. Tqven xarT ukmayofilo klienti, romelic marTalia.
vis unda aginoT? Tqven gindaT personificirebuli simbolo, romelic xelSi mogxvdebaT da udrtvinvelad gagrZnobinebT imas, rom Tqveni risxva
wmindaa da aravin xelis SeSlas ar
apirebs, romelic marTla migaxvedrebT
imas, rom simarTle Tqvens mxaresaa!
vuala - scenaze Semodis benjamin maloseni, gantevebis vaci, romelic morCilad
gixriT Tavs, ismens da itans Tqvens
uxams ginebebs, aRvarRvarebs cremlebs,
Tavs gacodebT, guls gilbobT da garda
imisa, rom Tqvens simarTles gagrZnobinebT, aseve gagrZnobinebT imasac rom
adamiani xarT! Tqven is gecodebaT, guli gilbebaT uzarmazari ojaxis erTaderTi patronisadmi, romelsac Tqveni
risxvis gamo samsaxuridan gaagdeben,
sadazRvevo baraTs gauuqmeben da a.S.
Tqven is imdenad gecodebaT, rom pretenziebs arbilebT da kompromisis Ziebas
Tavad iwyebT. esaa benjaminis funqcia.
wignSi „feria karabiniT“ (mTargmneli - nata balavaZe) dedofali zabo,
romelic aris gamomcemlobis mepatrone da daqiravebuli hyavs benjamini
aRniSnuli funqciis Sesasruleblad,
erTgan kargad da TvalsaCinod ganumartavs movaleobebs: „Tqven gantevebis vaci xarT, eSmakma dalaxvros, es

kargad unda CaibeWdoT TavSi; Tqven
sisxliT xorcamde gantevebis vaci
xarT, amaSi ar gyavT badali, iseve rogorc me gamomcemlobis saqmeSi. yovelTvis yvelas TvalSi Tqven iqnebiT damnaSave da yvelafris miuxedavad yvelaze ukanasknel naZiralasac ki Tvalze cremls mohgvriT! mTavaria, Tqvens
mowodebaSi eWvi arasdros SegeparoT.
erTxel mainc Tu daeWvdebiT, maSinve
Cagqolaven“.
benjamin maloseni saocari adamiania.
is cxovrobs momxmarebluri sazogadoebis sastiki da saSineli wesebiT da
hyavs uamravi bavSvi (dedamisis Svilebi
sxvadasxva kacebisgan), romelsac Tavad
patronobs da romlebsac uyveba aTasnair istorias. misi meore movaleoba
istoriebis mofiqrebac gaxlavT - realobis damaxinjeba, Selamazeba da bavSvebisTvis daReWili CiCiasaviT miwodeba.
es xazi Zalian mkafiod gaxlavT gamokveTili da Txrobas zRapris elfersac
sZens da erTi-orad alamazebs. mTeli
es nagavi, romelsac gadaamuSavebs benjamin maloseni da romelsac momxmarebluri sazogadoebis yoveldRiuri
yofa hqvia, bavSvebs miewodeba uvnebeli da lamazi saxiT. ase magaliTad,
imave wignSi „feria karabiniT“ pirvelive gverdebze ambobs aRfrTovanebuli
bavSvi, rom namdvili feria naxa, romelmac kaci yvavilad gadaaqcia. da ras
fiqrobT, ras gulisxmobda is? ra Tqma
unda tyviisgan Tavgapobil adamians,
aba. ai ase Tanacxovroben realobebi
erTmaneTis gverdiT bavSvebis tvinSi.
daniel penakis nawarmoebebi „feria
karabiniT“ da „kaciWamiaTa sabednierod“ (mTargmneli - manana bostoRanaSvili) aris Zalian dinamiuri sakiTxavi gajerebuli iumoriT, maT Soris
Savi iumoriTac, deteqtiuri da mistiuri elementebiTa da saintereso,
CamTrevi siuJetebiTa da dauviwyari
personaJebiT. kargi iqneba Tu aRniSnuli ciklis Targmna gagrZeldeba da
qarTvel mkiTxvelebs malosenebis sagis
sxva ambebis wakiTxvis saSualebac mogvecema mSobliur enaze, radgan iqneb
ramdenime Cvengani dafiqrdes, gabedos
mkrexeloba da ikiTxos - klienti
yovelTvis marTalia?
aqa ambavi
siyvarulisa

frangebs rom siyvarulis saqmisa
yvelaze ukeT esmiT da amas intensiurad gamoxataven kinosa Tu literaturaSi, xom gsmeniaT es stereoti pi?
swored am stereoti ps gagimyarebT

29

anri alen-furnies wigni „didi molni“, romelic Targmna Tamar abramiSvilma. rom ar mogatyuoT, me ar miyvars
aseTi calsaxad sasiyvarulo sakiTxavi
da es wigni, aseve rom ar mogatyuoT,
swored aseTia, Tumca banalobasTan saerTo mas araferi aqvs, radgan siyvarulis istoria gaxveulia iseT mZlavr
mistiur saburvelSi, rom Cemnair skeptikossac ki waakiTxa Tavi bolomde.
am Janris moyvarulTaTvis franguli
literaturis klasikad wodebuli nawarmoebi namdvili miswreba iqneba da
darwmunebuli var bevri mkiTxvelic
gamouCndeba wigns.
ramxela grZnobebs exeba saqme Tavad
mixvdebiT, roca gaigebT erT-erTi mTavari protagonistis, ivon de gales Seqmnis ambavs: Turme nu ityviT da vinme
ivon mari eliz tusen de kuvrekurts
am nawarmoebis avtori, alen-furnie,
1905 wlis 1 ivniss Sexvedria da Zalian Rrmad Sehyvarebia. mamakacs araferi gamosvlia qalbatonTan da Semdeg
wels, igive dRes imave adgilas elodeboda Turme, Tumca qalbatoni ar gamoCenila. guldaTuTqul avtors dauCivlia megobarTan: „is ar movida da romc mosuliyo, igive ar iqneboda“. rva
weli atarebda am mwvel grZnobas anri
alen-furnie da mxolod am xnis Semdeg
gadahyria ivon de kuvrekurts xelmeored, romelic ukve daqorwinebula
da ori Svilic hyolia. es qalbatoni
ivon de gales prototi pad iqca wignSi, romelic exeba dakargul da napovn,
did idealebs, romelsac dro da Jami
veras aklebs. darwmunebuli var, rom
am wigns Tu 13-14 wlis gogo-biWebi
waikiTxaven da moiwoneben, mTeli cxovreba ar daaviwydebaT didi molnis
personaJi da SeiZleba maTi inspiratoric ki gaxdes is. me Tu mkiTxavT,
swored maTTvisaa pirvel rigSi rekomendebuli „didi molni“.
progresistebi
VS regresistebi

1749 wels diJonis akademias konkursi gamoucxadebia da sakonkursod
dausvams kiTxva, romelic dRemde aqtualuri da pasuxgaucemelia: aumjobesebs Tu ara adamians, mis zne-Cveulebebs mecnierebisa da xelovnebis ganviTareba? meTvramete saukunis SuawelSi progresis gageba ocdameerTe
saukunis progresTan ra mosatania, sasacilodac SeiZleba mogveCvenos da swored amitom es kiTxva dRes ufro
mwvaved gaismis albaT.
elvis siswrafiT vviTardebiT da

30

am process ar uCans sazRvari. progresi aris Seuqcevadi stiqia da verc
erTi Zala mas win ver aRudgeba. es
yvelaferi kargi, magram risTvis? ratom? ra miznebisTvis? iqneb ar gvinda? iqneb gveyos? iqneb sakmarisia? iqneb progresi Cvens yvelaze bnel mxareebs avlens da amZafrebs? iqneb winsvla
ufskrulisken migvaqanebs? xom ar iqneba umjobesi bunebasTan, pirvelyofil
mdgomareobasTan dabruneba? ase martivad Tu davyofT sazogadoebas „progresistebisa“ da „regresistebis“ banakebad, me pirvel maTgans mivakuTvnebdi
Tavs ulaparakod, magram didi frangi
filosofosis naSromma „msjeloba mecnierebisa da xelovnebis Sesaxeb“, romelmac pirveli premia moi pova diJonis akademiis gamocxadebul konkursSi
da romelic qarTulad Targmna dodo
labuCiZe-xoferiam, sapirispirozec damafiqra. cxadia, rusos sxva mocemulobebi hqonda am naSromis dawerisas da
kacma ar icis dRes ra pasuxs gascemda aRniSnul kiTxvas, magram Cemi gadmosaxedidan mas upirobod Cavwerdi
„regresistebis“ banakSi. cudad JRers
es sityva da moaqvs sibnelisa da
uinteleqtobis, Caketilobisa da fobiebis suraT-xatebi da ra Tqma unda
am yvelafers Jan Jak rusos Ze xorcieli ver miawers, Tumca mainc - bunebasTan dabrunebis procesis romantizeba
swored regresistebis banakis savizito baraTia. aqve isic unda aRvniSno,
rom „bunebasTan dabrunebis“ gaazreba
21-e saukuneSi sxvaa da 18-Si sxva iyo.
es imitom davamate, rom ise ar ifiqros mkiTxvelma, TiTqos xeebis gaCexva
da qarxnebis Seneba guls mixarebdes.
rusos msjeloba mecnierebisa da
xelovnebis Sesaxeb am Temebze bevr
saintereso mosazrebas aRgiZravT.
saxiCrebis brZola
sicocxlisaTvis

mark diugenis nawarmoebi „oficerTa palata“, romelic Targmna cisana
bibileiSvilma, omis Sesaxeb daweril
nawarmoebebSi, rac ki wamikiTxavs, erTerT gamorCeul adgils daikavebs. wigni
iwyeba Tavawyvetili vnebiT da omSi
wasasvlelad gamzadebuli axalgazrda
kacis SemTxveviTi seqsiT ucnob qalbatonTan, romelic satrfos miacilebda imave omSi (RmerTo, ra saocrad
franguli epizodia!) da mTavrdeba bevri wlis Semdeg am qalTan isev SexvedriT da didi imedgacruebiT.
saerTod, Zalian miyvars roca rakursi meorexarisxovan adgilebsaa mipyro-

bili xolme, rodesac istorias meorexarisxovani gmirebi giyvebian, roca
moqmedeba umniSvnelo detalebis irgvliv koncentrirdeba da a.S. msoflioSi pirveli msoflio omi boboqrobs,
qveyana Tavdayira dgeba da am dros
mkiTxveli omis pirvelive dReebSi daWrili da dasaxiCrebuli xalxis palatebSi cxovrebas adevnebs Tval-yurs.
ra dros palataa, omi gvaCveneT, ra
xdeba miRma, gvanaxeT Tu SeiZleba aRmoxdeba cnobismoyvare mkiTxvels, magram mark diugeni mis gemovnebas am wignSi ar daakmayofilebs. avtori pirvel
msoflio oms saxiCrebis palatis magaliTze gaCvenebs da me Tu mkiTxavT, es
saocrad efeqturi, SeiZleba iTqvas
idealuri rakursic kia omis saCveneblad mTeli misi didebulebiT. vis
rad unda bataliebis skurpulozuri
aRwerisTvis gaxarjuli furclebi, holivudis madli Segvewios.
oficrebi izolaciaSi arian, zogierTi maTgani imdenad damaxinjebulia,
rom saxis dafarvac ki uwevs xalxSi
gamoCenisas da arc Cndebian metwilad
- demoralizacias gamoiwvevs msgavsad
dasaxiCrebuli oficrebis xilva, Tumca
nel-nela mainc bedaven da ar vici ratom, magram meZavebTan wasvlis scenam
me piradad ken kizis cnobili nawarmoebidan sagiJeTidan gaparvis scena
momagona suliskveTebiT.
Zalian kargia, rom avtorma moaxerxa
adamiani daeyenebina centrSi da ara omi. wignSi meore msoflio omsac vilevT, sul oriode gverdSi. omebi aq
meorexarisxovania. pirvelxarisxovania
adamianebi da maTi dauokebeli mcdelobebi sicocxlesTan kvlav dabrunebis,
sicocxlesTan SeTavsebis, sicocxlis
gagrZelebis.
rogor ar unda
gveSinodes autisti
bavSvebis

gasuli wlis seqtemberSi Tbilisis erT-erT skolaSi momxdarma sazarelma faqtma mTeli qalaqis da aramarto qalaqis mosaxleobis aRSfoTeba
gamoiwvia, Tumca me Tu mkiTxavT es
aRSfoTeba metwilad farisevluri iyo
da Tu ratom, amas aqve ganvmartav.
saqme SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis
mqone bavSvebis saskolo dawesebulebisTvis karebis SeduRebis faqts exeboda im motiviT, rom „normaluri“
bavSvebis mSoblebi maTi danaxviT wuxdebodnen da ar undodaT Svilebs es
„simaxinje“ enaxaT yoveldRiurad. rogori ugulobaa, ara? me Tu mkiTxavT,

bunebrivia Cveni sazogadoebisTvis msgavsi reaqcia. ai magaliTad, ar dakvirvebixarT gogonas sadme sufraze, romelic TavgamodebiT icavs mandilis siwmindes? arada am gogonasTan erTad
guSin an sulac guSinwin ukanasknel
garyvnilebaSi xarT gadakarguli. uyurebT da gikvirT, ratom akeTebs amas?
saqme imaSia, rom es bunebrivi reaqciaa
- nakluli sazogadoeba (nakluli adamianic. aqve davazusteb, rom am gogonas
qceva farisevlobis magaliTadaa moyvanili da ara imis, rom Tavisufali
seqsi apriori naklia) gamalebuli
cdilobs unaklod warmoCenas. mudam
akeTebs aqcents imaze, rom mas ar hyavs
maxinji, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
mqone, uunaro da a.S. mudam apelirebs,
rom is idealuria, is unakloa da am
apelirebis sixSire pirdapirproporciulia misi naklisa. Cvens sazogadoebaSi bevri problema gaqvs, bevr rames
saerTodac axla vswavlobT da pirvelad veCexebiT da ra gasakviria, rom
„idealurobaze“ gvqondes pretenzia.
xom gaxsovT - rac ufro nakluli
xar, miT ufro meti pretenzia gaqvs
idealurobaze.
ase iyo es ambavic. daismeva kiTxva:
rogor gadavWraT problema? kiTxvas
banaluri pasuxic gaecema - ganaTlebiT.
sayovelTao ganaTlebiT - pacientebis,
maTi mSoblebis, maTi mSoblebis mSoblebis, maTi megobrebis da Tavad eqimebisac, romlebic aranaklebs scodaven
rigi pacientebis stigmatizebis sakiTxebSi. ganaTleba unda iyos totaluri da xelmisawvdomi da am did
zRvaSi erTi patara wveTia, magram mniSvnelovani wveTi, olga Savernesa da
mark belasenis wignis „autisti bavSvi“
qarTulad Targmna nino zardiaSvilis,
marine tarasaSvilisa da irina TavberiZis mier. es gaxlavT saxelmZRvanelo mSoblebisaTvis da mocemulia TiTqmis yvela mniSvnelovani aspeqti martiv da gasageb enaze Tu rogor unda
movuaroT autist bavSvebs, rogor unda
movepyraT da rac mTavaria - rogor
ar unda gveSinodes maTi!
dRevandeli medicinis sikeTeebi detalebSia Cafluli. „ganukurnebeli
daavadeba“ - es termini im gagebiT, ra
gagebac axla SeiZleba tvinSi mogivideT, aRar arsebobs. medicinam moaxerxa
da daSala martiv nawilakebad yvela
mZime sneuleba da am nawilebSi Cxirkedelaoba daiwyo. aseT daSlil mdgomareobaSi ki iseTi monstrebi, rogorebic arian sxvadasxva genetikuri sneulebebi, mentaluri sneulebebi Tu su-

lac avTvisebiani simsivneebi, SeiZleba
ise saSinlad ar gamoiyurebodnen, rogorc uwin. es wignic Slis da aqucmacebs autizmis problemas da advilad
Sesacnobs xdis mas mSoblebisTvis da
zogadad im xalxisTvis, romlebsac am
TemebSi bevri araferi gaegebaT da
uamravi cru winaswarganwyobiT arian
aRWurvilebi.
aramarto
feministuri
sakiTxavi

aramarto feministuri sakiTxavi
wignSi „Jami sulierebis zeobisa“
Sesulia simon de bovuaris moTxrobebi,
romlebic Targmna giorgi ZnelaZem
da gamoica 2014 wels. marTalia wignSi
araa Sesuli simon de bovuaris fundamenturi naSromi „meore sqesi“, romelic erT-erT umniSvnelovanes feministur sakiTxavad iTvleba, Tumca imedi
viqonioT rom am avtoris ukeT gacnobis saSualeba kidev miecema qarTvel
mkiTxvels. mkiTxvels, romlisTvisac
qalTa uflebebi uaRresad aqtualuri gaxda ukanaskneli wlis manZilze.
haeriviT aucilebelia didi feministi moazrovneebis naSromebis mitana mkiTxvelamde, Sesabamisi diskusiebis inicireba, procesis gamococxleba
da a.S. Tu ar gvinda, rom es marTlac
mwvave problemebi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis pozicionirebis saSualebad
darCes mxolod. bevri problema modis
gaunaTleblobisgan. ganaTlebis donis amaRlebis konteqstSi SegviZlia
ganvixiloT Tundac feministi moazrovneebis naRvawis gadmoqarTuleba, rac
aucileblad gamoiRebs Sedegs droTa
ganmavlobaSi. Sors var im azrisgan,
rom simon de bovuaris Tundac am wigns ZaluZs mkvlels iaraRi daagdebinos, magram zogadad wignebs bevri rame
SeuZliaT - maT Soris isic, rom iaraRis aRebis motivacia daukargon adamians da Rirebulebebi gadaufason. Rirebulebebis gadafasebisTvis ki qarTveli
mkiTxvelisTvis vin vin da simon de
bovuari miswreba iqneba.
erToTaxiani piesa

keTili iyos Tqveni mobrZaneba jojoxeTSi! Jan pol sartris piesaSi
„cxraklituli“ aRwerilia oTaxi, sadac gamoketilia sami adamiani, romelic eZebs tyveobis mizezebs da saubrobs Tavis codvebze - es Zalian martivad da primitiulad rom vTqvaT,
sinamdvileSi ki arc ise martivi da
primitiulia sami adamianis urTierTo-

31

ba Caketil sivrceSi, sadac Zalian kargad Cans rom jojoxeTia adamiani
adamianisTvis da ara raime obieqturi
adgili CanglebiTa da mistiuri personaJebiT.
sivrceebi, romlebic TiTqos martivi
dasaZlevia, magram sinamdvileSi aseTi
sulac ar gaxlavT - Cemi erT-erTi
favoriti Temaa da Tqveni ar vici,
magram me ki mizidavs yovelTvis imis
warmodgena, Tu ra moxdeboda erT-erT
uwyinar dRes romelime gvirabSi gavlisas misi Tavi da bolo rom Caxergiliyo an matareblis vagonSi gamovketiliyaviT an TviTmfrinavs dajdoma
ar SeZleboda da sul efrina. namdvili adamianuri urTierTobebi mTeli
Tavisi sibinZuriT, SemaSfoTebeli simdabliTa da sinamdviliT swored msgavs
sivrceebSi iwrToba. Tu jojoxeTi
arsebobs sadme, is albaT raime patara,
Caketili sivrce iqneba Sig uamravi
adamianiT.
cixe? ratomac ara, raime msgavsi.
Cemi sayvareli reJisoris, lui bunuelis filmi „gamanadgurebeli angelozi“ maxsendeba ucbad, sadac adamianTa jgufs oTaxis datoveba ar SeuZlia. rogori mimzidveli da sainteresoa am eqstremalur pirobebSi
ganviTarebuli adamianuri dramebi, erotiuli miziduloba-ganzidulobebi,
zizRi da siyvaruli!
Jan pol sartris Tayvanismcemlebs
an im adamianebs, romlebsac Cems msgavsad bevrjer gifiqriaT ra moxdeboda
ucbad rom oTaxis karebi ver gageRoT
da irgvliv myof ucnob adamianebTan
erTad gagetarebinaT maradisoba, geliT giorgi ekizaSvilis SesaniSnavi
Targmani saxelad „cxraklituli“.
patara teqsti didia

rolan bartis S/Z pirvelad gamoqveynda 1970 wels da qarTulad iTargmna 2014 wels nino gagoSaSvilis
mier. wigni gaxlavT onore de balzakis moTxrobis - „sarazini“ struqturalisturi ganxilva. es aris teqstis meToduri daqucmaceba, sistematizeba da kodebad daSla, rac sakmaod rTuli wasakiTxia. am naSromma
didi gavlena iqonia struqturalizmze da post-struqturalizmze, martivad rom vTqvaT.
simarTle rom vTqvaT - urTulesi
naSromia. Tumca usamarTloebi viqnebiT Tu am naSroms mxolod filologebisa da TiTo-orola literatoris
imedad davtovebT, radgan mgonia rom
wigni im adamianebsac daainteresebT,

32

visac profesiuli zraxvebi ar amoZravebs mis mimarT. garkveuli testic
ki maqvs mofiqrebuli Tu vin SeiZleba
dainteresdes am wigniT, am didi literaturuli denotaciiT. testi mxolod erT kiTxvas moicavs: telonius
monkis klaviSi giyvarT? Tu - ki, maSin
aris Sansi am teqstiT dainteresdeT,
radgan es aris literaturis meToduri daSla-awyoba didi tvinis mier,
iseve rogorc musika iSleboda da
iwyoboda Tavidan monkis diadi tvinis
mier. Tu monki ar giyvarT an ar gagigiaT da axla CarTeT da ar mogewonaT,
maSin am wignsac nu mieZalebiT, Tqveni
tvini saamisod momarTuli ar yofila da es sulac ar gaxlavT tragedia, saintereso sakiTxavs da saintereso mosasmens ra dalevs am qveyanaze.
minda, rom teqsti bevrma waikiTxos. waikiTxos da SuaSi miatovos
Tundac, pirveli gverdebic ki ver dasZlios, bolomde Cavides da Tavidan
daubrundes da a.S. minda, rom msgavs
teqstebTan bevr qarTvel mkiTxvels
hqondes Sexeba. ratom? imitom, rom
igrZnon pasuxismgebloba, rac SeiZleba
literaturuli teqstis ganxilvas
SeiZleba axldes Tan. mixvdnen, rom
Tavad udgebian am saqmes araseriozulad, Torem sinamdvileSi teqstSi SeiZleba Zalian didi ufskruli imalebodes, romelsac CiCqvna da gaTxra sWirdeba safuZvliani. minda rom nebismieri teqstis kiTxvisas es dauSvan gonebaSi da mere vinZlo xelaRebiT da
zedapirulad, mza-mzareuli SablonebiT aRWurvilebma ar daabrexvon aTasi umecreba ama Tu im teqstis Sesaxeb da Tu mainc moiqcevian ase, gaaxsendeT mainc rolan bartis naSromi,
romelic ideaSi erT patara novelas
mieZRvna da odnav mainc moeridoT.
profesia - politika

Tuki vinmes sadme xeli moecara, ar
gaumarTla, ver Sedga, ver iswavla, gamogdebul iqna da a.S. - yvela politikaSi midis. miT umetes, RmerTma ar qnas
da Tu aseTi adamiani morwmunecaa da
simpatiuric. politika aTasi rjulis Sarlatanis ukanasknel TavSesafradaa qceuli saqarTveloSi da dameTanxmebiT albaT - am gaqanebiT evropamde didi manZili gvidevs kidev.
isedac uamravi stereoti pi arsebobs politikosebze da me Tu mkiTxavT am sferoSi wamsvlel adamians
aqedan gamomdinare orjer meti Zalisxmeva da pasuxismgeblobis gancda
moeTxoveba, raTa es stereoti pebic

daZlios da xalxis siyvarulic moi povos. samwuxarod, amisken miswrafebas qarTveli politikosebi ar iCenen
da ager ukve wlebia vxedavT erTsa
da imave brtyel Sublebs, uideo Tvalebsa da Camqral saxeebs.
imisTvis, rom idea gagiCndes, raRac
bazisi unda gqondes, ganaTleba unda
gqondes da unda icode da giyvardes
is saqme, rasac emsaxurebi. swored
amisTvisaa gankuTvnili saerTaSoriso politikis saxelmZRvanelo (mexuTe gamocema) pier de senarklenisa da
ioan arifenis avtorobiT, romelic
Targmna nana cqitiSvilma. wignSi sakmaod gasagebad da farTod gaxlavT
mimoxiluli saerTaSoriso politikis aspeqtebi da saintereso sakiTxavia aramxolod socialur-politikuri
fakultetis studentebisTvis, aramed
politikiT dainteresebuli mkiTxvelisTvis.
imedi davitovoT, rom momavlis politikosebi universitetis kampusebSi sxedan axla, uamrav msgavs wigns
kiTxuloben, Tanamedrove tendenciebs
ecnobian, sakuTar saqmes safuZvlianad
swavloben da ar Tvlian, rom politika warumatebeli da gaunaTlebeli
xalxis saqmea.
sagazeTo
jixuridan
did literaturaSi

bolo aTwleulis yvelaze gasaoCari aRmoCenao, ase Seafases Jan ruos
gamoCena literaturul asparezze kritikosebma da gonkuris prestiJuli
premiac misces. rTulia ar daeTanxmo
maT, radgan safrangeTisnair ucnaur
qveyanaSic ki bevr gazeTis distributors ver i povni albaT, romelic did
nawarmoebebs hqmnis.
„Rirsebis velebi“ Jan ruos pirveli seriozuli namuSevaria, riTic mkiTxvelis da kritikis yuradReba miiqcia. nawarmoebSi moqmedeba viTardeba
meoce saukuneSi da hyavs sami ZiriTadi
personaJi - erTi ojaxis wevrebi. nawarmoebi avtobiografiuli StrixebiTaa gajerebuli da originaluri Txrobis stilis wyalobiT, sakmaod sainteresodac ikiTxeba. sadac didi anu
pirveli msoflio omia siuJetSi, iq
aris yvelaferi sikvdili, sicocxle, siyvaruli,
tragedia, sevda, mogonebebi.
Tqveni ar vici da me piradad am
wignis da avtoris biografiis wakiTxvis Semdeg meti yuradRebiT vakvirdebi
Cemi sagazeTo jixuris gamyidvelebs.

samedicino
diqtatura

zogjer medicina ar aris mxolod
medicina da eqimi ar aris mxolod
eqimi, samwuxarod Tu sabednierod. am
faqts gvaCvenebs Jiul romenis SesaniSnavi piesa saxelad „knoki anu medicinis zeoba“, romelic Targmna giorgi ekizaSvilma. nawarmoebSi aRwerilia erTi Sarlatani eqimis, romelic arc iyo profesiiT eqimi, aRzevebis istoria. misi warmatebis mTavari
saidumlo ki adamainur bunebaSi unda
veZioT - upasuxismgeblobiT ganpirobebuli mkacri mamis moTxovnileba!
upasuxismgeblo adamianebi iTxoven
akrZalvebs, simkacres, dasjas. maT surT,
rom maTi wili pasuxismgebloba sxvam
zidos da swored am moments iyenebs
knoki, romelic mTels dasaxlebas loginze ajaWvavs. cxadia, mas medicinasTan araferi saerTo ar aqvs, ubralod
SesaniSnavad flobs adamianuri bunebiT mani pulirebis saSualebebs, piarteqnologiebs da brwyinvaled axerxebs mosaxleobis damorCilebas, romlebic wina eqims daumorCileblebad
da cud pacientebad miaCnda. rogorc
aRmoCnda, mTavaria midgoma da meTodi.
pirad praqtikaSic davkvirvebivar,
rom mTeli rigi pacientebi iTxoven
akrZalvebs da Semdeg erTgvari mazoxisturi siamovnebiTac aRniSnaven, rom
alkoholi iqneba Tu Tambaqo Tu cximiani sakvebi eqimma aukrZala.
isini amayebi arian morCilebiT. maT
uxariaT, rom sandomiani batonis xelSi
Cavardnen, romlebic obieqturad cud
raRaceebs ukrZalavs da maTze zrunavs.
rogorc Cans, adamiani ar icvleba.
knokma SeZlo kata daeWira bnel
oTaxSi da pacientebi aRmoeCina iqac,
sadac isini realurad arc iyvnen.
mand SeZlo erTi dasaxlebis magaliTze Seeqmna namdvili diqtatoruli modeli, idealuri modeli mmarTvelobisa, romelic agebulia erTi
adamianis usityvo morCilebaze, akrZalvasa da dasjaze! am kuTxiT Tu SevxedavT da cxadia, am kuTxiT ufro sainteresoa es piesa, nawarmoebi mxolod samedicino sakiTxavi ar gamova,
Tumca me mainc vurCevdi am nawarmoebis wakiTxvas pirvel rigSi im qarTvel pacientebs, romlebic eqimidan
eqimamde dadian mkacri mama-batonis
saZieblad.
swored es warmoSobs tiranebs, iqnebian isini soflis eqimebi Tu didi
diqtatorebi.

wigni specifikuri
mkiTxvelisaTvis

Tu Tqven im mcirericxovan mkiTxvelTa ricxvs miekuTvnebiT, romlebic gatacebiT da didi siamovnebiT
kiTxulobdnen joissa da prusts da
sxva uzarmazar literaturul „rubikis kubikebs“, maSin SemiZlia Tamamad gaxaroT rom TqvenTvis miswreba
iqneba ilia gasvianisa da anzor abJandaZis mier naTargmni „flandriis gza“
- klod simonis, frangi klasikosis
erT-erTi centraluri teqsti, romelic sakmaod rTulad misadevnebelaRsaqmel-gasagebia, radgan avtors Txrobis unikaluri ara, magram Zalian rTuli stili ki aqvs arCeuli da erTi
winadadebas rom iwyebs, imden xans agrZelebs rom bolos ukve araTu winadadebis pirveli sityva gaxsovT, SeiZleba azric ki gageparoT saerTod da
swored am safrTxis Tavidan asacileblad am stilis avtorebi imsaxureben da moiTxoven skurpulozur,
frTxil da dinj mkiTxvelebs, romlebic arafers gamotoveben, arc erT nabijs uyuradRebod ar datoveben da
rudunebiT da moridebiT gayvebian
teqsts bolomde da Tu amas moaxerxeben, namdvilad nasiamovnebi darCebian,
radgan jer zogadad damTavrebuli
teqstis mowonebaa erTi siamovneba da
mere miT umetes iseTi teqstisa, rogoric „flandriis gzaa“, romelic
mogviTxrobs yofili kavaleristis JorJis reminescenciebis Sesaxeb da
Txroba aris fragmentuli da sad
gamonagonia da sad realoba da sad
ra detalia gabneuli, mxolod dakvirvebulma mkiTxvelma da avtorma Tu
icis, radgan es teqsti ar aris margaliti, romelic Rorebs unda dauyaro
sajijgnad, msgavsi teqstebi rCeuli
mkiTxvelebisTvisaa, romelTa ricxvic
didi namdvilad ar aris, magram ramdenic arian, namdvilebi da erTgulebi
arian da aseTi kirkita mkiTxvel-avtorebi acocxleben da modunebis saSualebas ar aZleven sxva avtorebsa
Tu mkiTxvelebs, romlebic axla am
Canaweris kiTxvisas ukve nervebzec ki
iSlebian, radgan avtori ar amTavrebs
arc abzacsa da arc winadadebas da
Tu es marTla asea da Tu am elementarul bodvasac ki ver uZlebs mkiTxveli, maSin minda mas dabejiTebiT
vuTxra klod simonis aRniSnul nawarmoebs nu waikiTxavs, radgan sami
gverdic SeiZleba ver gaZlos, magram
Tu es Canaweri ratomRac ainteresebs
da moswons axla mkiTxvels, maSin uf-

33

ro didi Sansia geniosis Sedevri, romelic sul asea dawerili da ufro
saintereso ambebis Txrobas exeba Tan,
ufro moewonos da amitom aseT mkiTxvels vurCev rom saswrafod moiZios
wigni da Seudges siamovnebas, romelic iqneba xangrZlivi da sunTqvis
Semanelebeli.
uZravi
mogzauris
Canawerebi

ra dasamalia da es wigni yvelaze
bolosTvis mqonda motovebuli, radgan gaformebam saSinlad ar mimizida
da arc mwerals vicnobdi Tan. Tumca
mkiTxvelma Cemi gamocdileba ar unda
gaiziaros da daufiqreblad eZgeros
Jan Jionos wigns „husari saxuravze“,
romelic Targmna Tamar kapanaZem da
romelic frangi kritikosebis mier
meoce saukunis 50 saukeTeso franguli romanis siaSia Setanili.
wignSi moTxrobilia italieli
polkovnikis ambavi, romelic sxva avstriul spec-samsaxurebs emaleba safrangeTSi. TiTqos araferi, magram Tu
gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom safrangeTSi am dros namdvili sikvdilis myrali
suni dgas, vgulisxmob qoleris epidemias, maSin mocemulobebi radikalurad icvleba.
saintereso siuJetTan, sakuTari Tavis saZieblad moxetiale gmirebTan
erTad aRsaniSnavia avtoris weris stilic, romelic dedanSi ufro STambeWdavia, vidre TargmanSi, magram mainc Jionos franguli erT-erTi gamorCeuli frangulia meoce saukuneSi da
visac SegiZliaT, qarTul karg TargmanTan erTad aucileblad waikiTxeT nawarmoebi originalSic siamovnebis gaormagebis mizniT.
me yovelTvis mjeroda da vamtkicebdi, rom yvelze saintereso ambebi
Cvens tvinSi xdeba da ara Cvens garSemo - realobaSi. Jan Jiono amis brwyinvale dasturia - is mTeli cxovreba
patara frangul qalaq manosks ar gascdenia, samagierod goneba uqroda Sors
im kaciviT, fotoatelieSi rom iyo
gamoketili mTeli cxovreba da literatura Zlier uyvarda. swored Jionosnairi uZravi mogzaurebi qmnian xSir
SemTxvevebSi mZafr literaturul Tavgadasavlebs.
ukanaskneli
ereqciis SiSi

ar viciT zustad ra surT qalebs,
magram is ki viciT risi gveSinia kacebs

34

- ereqciis moduneba, ai ra aris namdvili tragedia.
romen garis wigni „amis iqiT Tqveni bileTi aRar gamodgeba“, romelic
Targmna lia daraSvilma, aRwers 22
wlis brazilieli gogonas da xanSi
Sesuli biznesmeni mamakacis urTierTobas da albaT advilad mixvdebiT,
rom am urTierTobis qvakuTxedi da
amosavali wertili ar iqneba vaxSmad
bozbaSisa Tu CixirTmis (maTi franguli analogebis) mirTmevis dilema.
am urTierTobis qvakuTxedi aris
seqsi - erTis mxriv mwveli, temperamentuli arseba, romelsac win uamravi manZili aqvs erosis gzaze gasavleli da meores mxriv moxucebuli mdidari kacis ukanaskneli ereqcia.
nacnobi, nafiqri da saSiSi Temaa,
gansakuTrebiT mamakacebisTvis, romlebic midrekilebi varT samyaros falocentruli Wvretisken, rac niSnavs imas,
rom dedamiwa Cveni penisis irgvliv
trialebs an unda trialebdes, yovel
SemTxvevaSi umravlesobas ase gveCveneba da aqedan momdinareobs nevrozebi,
SiSebi, daukmayofileblobebi, sublimaciebi da a.S.
axla warmoidgineT ramxela iqneba
asakSi Sesuli falocentrikis cxovreba, romelic acnobierebs, rom yoveli misi ereqcia SeiZleba bolo aRmoCndes? saSinelebaa, samyaros aRsasrulia!
60-s miRweuli kacisa da qorfa
gogonas seqsi raRaciT ukvdavebasTan
ziarebis mcdelobasac waagavs, romelic
cxadia sabolood kraxiT dasruldeba yvelgan da yovelTvis, radgan ukvdavebas seqsiT ver mivaRwevT - ufro
mis gareSe, Tumca es sxva saubris
Temaa.
ukanaskneli ereqciis SiSi da am
SiSiT ganpirobebuli saintereso fsiqologiuri wiaRsvlebi SegiZliaT aRniSnul wignSi amoikiTxoT da vin
icis, iqneb droze adre gadaawyoT fsonebi, daalagoT prioritetebi da situaciebs momzadebuli dauxvdeT.
* * *
dasasruls minda aRvniSno, rom es
zRvaSi wveTi iyo im wignebisa, romlebic frangulidan qarTul enaze iTargmneba am bolo xanebSi. franguli
literatura amxela dozebiT SesaniSnavi variantia damwyeb wignis moyvarulTa gasafiltrad - Tu frangul
literaturaSi erTi avtoric ver aRmoaCine Seni gemovnebisa, e.i. zogadad
literaturaze dro ar unda dakargo.
jaba zarqua

amerikaSi:
niu-iorkSi:
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Tel: 718-934-1700
Alt: 347-500-5037

Tel: 201-333-5555
www.barami.us

niu-jersSi:
84 Harbor Drive,
Jersey City, NJ 07305
Tel: 201-333-5555
delavareSi:
4 Lewis circle
Wilmington, DE 19804
302-930-0705

filialebi:
Tbilisi
quTaisi
rusTavi
baTumi
gori
bolnisi
Telavi
marneuli

amanaTebi
4-5 samuSao dReSi
aSS-dan saqarTveloSi
erTi paunti - 2.50$-dan;

amanaTebis gamogzavna

saqarTvelodan

avtomobilebis
yidva-gayidva
saqarTvelosa da amerikaSi;

avtomobilis, komerciuli
da piradi tvirTis

Sida gadazidvebi
aSS-Si.

www.barami.us

Cvens saitze
daregistrirebiT Tqven gagiadvildebaT:
- kredit-kartiT gadaxda;
- amanaTis statusis Semowmeba;
- amanaTis adgilidan aRebis SekveTa
www.barami.us
www.baramicar.com
www.facebook.com/Barami.us

35

nomris

stumari

Cven

dRes sxva

emigracia

dfhs=
36

- saubris dasawyisSive, sainteresoa,
emigraciaSi cxovrebis meramdene wels
iTvliT?
- CamafiqreT pirvelive SekiTxvaze.
unda gamovTvalo, 2000 wlidan aq var,
gamodis usamSobloobis meTeqvsmete
weli midis...
- ramdenad popularulia dRes amerikaSi restornebis qseli „TONE CAFÉ“
da ramdenad kmayofilia Tqveni momxmarebeli? amJamad, ramdeni restorania
gaerTianebuli am qselSi?
- Cveni qarTuli kafeebis qseli
sakmaod popularulia. pirveli kafe
2012 wels gaixsna bruklinSi arsebuli qarTuli Tonis bazaze, meore ki
manhetenze, SarSan, 2015 wlis maisSi
gavxseniT. popularoba sakmaod rTulad mosapovebelia amden restornebsa
da kafeebSi, rac niu iorkSia, arCevania
didi da mravalferovani, magram Cveni
gamorCeuli meniuTi, gemoTi da xasiaTiT Cvenma qselma ukve Tavisi adgili
daimkvidra niu-iorkis eTnikur samzareuloebs Soris.
- ramdenad CemTvis cnobili gaxda,
Tqven xelmZRvanelobT qarTul diasporas? ramdeni welia ukve am saqmes
eweviT?
- me vxelmZRvanelob saTvistomo
organizacias - asociacia `Tvistoms“,
romelic 2003 wels daarsda Cemsa da
Cemi megobrebis mier. misi mTavari mizani aris gabneuli da araorganizebuli
qarTuli diaspora erTian, Zlier da
kargad organizebul saTvistomod Camoayalibos. saTvistomod, romelic daexmareba Cvens Tanamemamuleebs aSS-Si
emigracia anu adgilobriv sociumTan
adaptacia (da ara asimilacia), TavisTavad sakmaod rTuli da mtkivneuli
procesi, SedarebiT advilad gadaitanon
da moergon arsebul realobas. amavdroulad, saTvistomos gaZlierebiT, saqarTvelosaTvis Seiqmnas garkveuli sazogadoebriv-politikuri lobi, romelic qarTul saxelmwifos aSS-Si stabilur sayrdens Seuqmnis da, TavisTavad, saqarTvelos saxlmwifoebrivi aRmSeneblobis stabiluri garantia iqneba.
- saidan wamovida idea da dRevandeli
gadasaxedidan, ramdenad kmayofili brZandebiT am saqmianobiT?
- ideas didi xnis Zebna ar dasWirvebia - saTvistomo organizaciis Seqmna
aSS-Si Cveni diasporis arsebuli mdgomareobidan da aseve, wlebis ganmavlobaSi
saqarTvelos mZime saSinao Tu sagareo
statusidan gamomdinare gaxda aucilebeli.
Cven naTlad gvesmis, rom myarad mdga-

Jurnalis am nomris dabeWdvis win, niu-iorkSi, qvinsis uZvelesma respublikurma klubma Cveni Tanamemamule, qarTul diasporaSi yvelasaTvis cnobili moRvawe, asociacia `Tvistomis~ xelmZRvaneli, batoni nikoloz
CxeiZe `wlis saukeTeso biznesmenis~ wodebiTa da jildoTi daajildova.
Cveni redaqcia uerTdeba am did aRiarebas Cveni Tanamemamulisadmi da
gTavazobT sakmaod saintereso, da amitomac sakmaod vrcel, intervius
masTan. vecadeT, SevxebodeT yvela im Temas, rac aserigad awuxebs dRes Cvens
emigracias.

ri da finansurad Zlieri qarTuli
saTvistomo aSS-Si TiToeuli emigrantis nayofieri da daculi cxovrebisa da muSaobis safuZveli SeiZleba
iyos. es ki dRes saqarTveloSi asobiT
aTasi ojaxis keTildReobis aucilebeli pirobaa. Tu imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom qarTul emigracias yovelwliurad 2 miliardamde aSS dolari
Semoaqvs saqarTveloSi, davinaxavT, rom
ekonomikurad Zlieri da stabiluri
qarTuli saTvistomo aramxolod sazRvargareT arsebul diasporebs sWirdebaT, aramed jer kidev mSenebare qarTul saxelmwifosac, romlis politikur-ekonomikuri stabiluroba, saxelmwifoebrivi usafrTxoeba swored aSSsa da mis mokavSire qveynebis mxardaWerasa da Tanadgomazea didad damokidebuli.
- ra sirTuleebTan aris dakavSirebuli - iyo diasporis xelmZRvaneli?
- diasporis xelmZRvaneli xmamaRali sityvaa – `diasporuli organizaciis xelmZRvaneli~ ufro swori formulireba iqneba.
sirTule bevria. upirvelesad yovlisa, sakmaod rTulia qarTvel emigrantebSi sakuTari saxelmwifos mimarT
ndobis dabruneba, ase vTqvaT, „Catexi-

li xidis gamTlianeba“, vinaidan, mravali
wlis ganmavlobaSi emigrantebi ar grZnobdnen yuradRebas da mzrunvelobas
samSoblos mxridan - rogorc sazogadoebis, aseve, gansakuTrebiT, mTavrobis
mxridan. jer kidev dawyebuli SevardnaZis mmarTvelobis periodidan iyo
mravali sirTule, romlis aRmofxvrazec araerTxel migvimarTia da gagvimaxvilebia yuradReba, magram darCenila xmad mRaRadeblisa Sina. piriqiT,
garkveul SemTxvevebSi, aqauri cxovrebis
gaadvilebis nacvlad, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobas da Sesabamis organoebs Cveni
aqauri yofa ufro gaurTulebia.
amis TvalnaTeli magaliTia 2012
wlis zafxuli, roca isedac wlebiT
imedgacruebul da nihilizmSi Cavardnil qarTvel emigrantebs saqarTvelos
saparlamento arCevnebSi monawileobis ufleba SeuzRudes maSindeli sagareo saqmeTa ministris brZanebiT.
miuxedavad Cveni aqtiuri protestisa, es SezRudva ZalaSi darCa, ris
gamoc aTasobiT saqarTvelos moqalaqem
ver gamoiyena sakuTar qveynis arCevnebSi
monawileobis ufleba da arCevnebze
ar daiSva. es da amgvari qmedebebi saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mxridan, ra
Tqma unda, aZlierebda emigrantebSi ni-

37

hilizms da CaurTvelobas saqarTveloSi mimdinare sazogadoebriv-politikur procesebis mimarT, rac kidev ufro aSorebda emigracias samSoblosTan.
wlebis ganmavlobaSi emigrantebis
problemebiT dauinteresebuloba (pasportebis gagrZeleba da gacema, mindobilobebis gacemis gamartiveba, emigrantTa saqarTveloSi samudamod dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi maTi qonebis ormagi dabegvra da bevri sxva) gaxldaT
swored qarTuli emigraciis saqarTvelosTan izolaciisa da „dakarguli
qarTvelis sindromis“ mTavari mizezi.
Tavad niu-iorkSi generaluri sakonsulos gaxsnis procesma mravali weli
daikava, miuxedavad imisa, rom amaze
jer kidev 2000-iani wlebis dasawyisidan aqtiurad „vibrZodiT“. aseve „droebiTi TavSesafris statusis“ e.w. TPS
miniWebis sakiTxi, romelic jer kidev
2005-2006 wlebSi saqarTvelos maSindel gen-konsulTan, baton zurab TinikaSvilTan erTad wamoviwyeT da saqarTvelos imdroindel mTavrobis winaSe davayeneT, ager ukve 10 welze metia
isev Riad rCeba. imis fonze, rom am
statusiT aSS-Si asiaTasobT sxva qveynebis emigrantebma isargebles da dRemde sargebloben. aqamde am da amgvari
sakiTxebis inicirebas saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mxridan pasuxad politikuri neba sWirdeboda. Tundac imis
gaTvaliswineba, Tu raoden Zneli da
rTulia sazRvargareT saemigracio statusis gareSe arseboba, unda yofiliyo am procesis dawyebis safuZveli.
Tumca, samwuxarod im wlebSi da im
mTavrobaSi es aravis awuxebda.
Cvenda dasananad, es proeqti bevrs
sxva proeqtebTan erTad gaCerda da
daviwyebas mieca. Cven gvsurs axal
realobaSi „droebiTi TavSesafris“
sakiTxi isev wamovwioT, Tumca misi
dadebiTad gadawyvetis albaToba gacilebiT dabalia, vidre es 2005-2008
wlebSi iyo, Tundac agvistos omis periodSi.
dRes axali realobaa, sxva situaciaa qveyanaSi. xelisuflebis cvlas
axali imedebi da zogadad imediani
ganwyoba moyveba yovelTvis - aseTi
iyo 2003 weli, aseTi iyo 2012. ar
minda imedgacrueba qronikul grZnobad gadagveqces Cven, vinc dRes saqarTvelodan Sors varT. minda imedi viqonio,
rom Seicvleba damokidebuleba qarTul
emigraciiis mimarT, lozungebi lozungebad ar darCeba da sufris sadRegrZeloebi mxolod sadRegrZeloebad.
Cveni survilia, rom saqarTvelos

38

xelisuflebam zogadad emigraciis Tema
erT-erT prioritetad gaixados da
am mimarTulebiT nayofierad imuSaos
emigraciamac da sazogadoebis mxardaWeriT saxelmwifomac. Cven, rogorc
emigracias, dRes gvaqvs amis resursi,
radgan bevri ram viswavleT, bevri ram
SeviZineT, maT Soris Sromis kulturac
da gamocdilebac. Cven dRes sxva emigracia varT, vidre viyaviT Tundac 10
wlis win. amitom vTvli, rom diasporis saministro da saxelmwifo ministri da misi aparati gafarToebuli
uflebebiT da resursebiT unda sargeblobdes, vidre sargeblobs dRes. am
struqturas gacilebiT meti yuradReba
da mxardaWera sWirdeba saxelmwifos
mxridan.
dRevandeli resursebiT da potencialiT, saxelmwifo ministrisa da misi
aparatis aqtiuri mcdelobis miuxedavad, gardatexa moaxdinos qarTuli
emigraciis realobaSi, Cemis azriT, saTanado Sedegs ver miviRebT. milionnaxevrian, sxvadasxva qveyanaSi gabneul
emigracias srulfasovani saministros
statusis mqone, biujetiT da sakadro
resursebiT Sesatyvisi partniori da
mxardamWeri sWirdeba saqarTveloSi.
iqidan gamomdinare, Tu ra raodenobis
gadmoricxvebi modis emigraciidan, saxelmwifoSi ar unda gagviWirdes iseTi
meqanizmebis SemuSaveba, rom aseTi saministro Camoyalibdes.
emigraciasTan warmatebuli muSaobis
safuZvelze, darwmunebuli var aramarto saministros biujeti, aramed gadmoricxvebis raodenobac ukve Zlieri
da Camoyalibebuli saTvistomoebidan
jerobiT gaizrdeba.
Cven gvaqvs garkveuli gegma da sxvadasxva proeqtebi, romliTac vfiqrobT,
rom qarTuli Zlieri sazogadoebrivpolitikuri lobis Camoyalibeba sazRvargareT, sxvadasxva qveyanaSi, Soreuli perspeqtiva ar iqneba. Tumca, kidev
erTxel, amas sWirdeba saqarTvelos
mxridan xelisuflebis politikuri
neba da mxardaWera. realobam gvaCvena,
rom amis gareSe mxolod Cveni iniciativa da daintereseba sakmarisi ar aris.
Cven gvaqvs gakeTebuli araerTxel
amgvari SeTavazeba da winadadeba, Tumca jer-jerobiT es sakiTxi Cveni qveynisaTvis momwifebuli Tema kidev araa
da prioritets ar warmoadgens.
sxvanairad ver vxsni am mimarTulebiT pasiurobas Cveni qveynis mxridan.
aq mxolod xelisufleba ar unda
iyos CarTuli, zogadad sazogadoeba
unda iyos mowadinebuli da ganwyobi-

li Sesabamisad. Cveni aq ufro metad
gaZlierebiT is daxmareba, rac Cveni
qveynis ekonomikaSi Segvaqvs, jerovnad
gaizrdeba Tu amas sworad dagegmil
da gaazrebul, Tanmimdevrul gegmas mivusadagebT. aseTi gegmebi, yvela sxva
qveynis diasporebma, sakuTar qveynebTan
kavSirSi didi xania SeimuSaves da
dRemde am gegmiT viTardebian. Sesabamisad, Zlierdeba maTi aqauri lobic.
vTvliT, rom ukve dadga dro, rom
Zlieri qarTuli lobi Camoyalibdes
aSS-Si, qveyanaSi, romelic dResdReobiT gansazRvravs msoflioSi mimdinare politikur procesebs, flobs saerTaSoriso usafrTxoebisa da stabilurobis araerT berkets; qveyana, romelic dRes Cveni megobaria, Cveni qveynis
usafrTxo da stabiluri ganviTarebis realuri garantiaa.
Cven dRes swored am qveyanaSi vcxovrobT. swored amitom, qarTuli Zlieri lobis aSS-Si Camoyalibeba dRes
qarTuli saxelmwifos, misi xelisuflebis erT-erTi mTavari prioriteti
unda gaxdes. es sakiTxi metad aqtualuri iyo da aris dResac.
imeds vitoveb, Soreul momavals ar
gadabardeba.
- aris Tu ara qarTuli diaspora
iseTi Zlieri da gaerTianebuli, rogorc sxva erovnebis warmomadgenlebi
- Tundac, ebraelebi, eTnikurad somxebi,
frangebi an sxva erovnebis warmomadgenlebi?
- amaze Tavidanve, erTjerovnad gipasuxebT - samwuxarod, dResdReobiT,
qarTuli diaspora erT-erTi yvelaze
susti da araorganizebuli diasporaa
amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. mizezebze zemoT mogaxseneT da kidev bevri
SemiZlia visaubro. yvelafers Tavis
axsna aqvs, Tumca gacdenil da dakargul dros ver aanazRaureb.
- Tqven profesiiT eqimi brZandebiT.
rogor aTavsebT erTmaneTTan, iyoT erTdroulad eqimi, qarTuli diasporuli
organizaciis xelmZRvaneli da restornebis qselis mepatrone?
- es xangrZlivi Temaa, Tumca mokled
SemiZlia giTxraT, rom amerikaSi cxovrebam, aq Sromis kulturam da muSaobis tempebma gvaswavla erTdroulad
sxvadasxva saqmis keTeba, rasac aq e.w.
`multitaskings~ uwodeben. ase rom,
aq Cven yvela aseT profesionalebad
CamovyalibdiT.
- qvinsis uZvelesma respublikurma
partiam wlis warmatebul biznesmenad
dagasaxelaT. aseTive warmatebebs miaRwieT Tqvens profesiaSic?

- rogorc eqimi, profesiiT ar vmuSaob, Tumca Cemi biznesi samedicino biznes-menejments ukavSirdeba da Sesabamisad qarTveli emigrantebisaTvis samedicino momsaxurebis samsaxuris awyobas. Cven gvaqvs SemuSavebuli specialuri gegma, Tu rogor SeiZleba monitoringze aiyvano qarTuli diaspora
am kuTxiT, gamoavlino da akontrolo
maRali riskis mqone emigrantebi. Cven
2003 wlidan am Temaze vmuSaobT da
gvinda qarTuli diasporis e.w. samedicino ruqa SevqmnaT. dRemde SevqmeniT
aTasobiT qarTveli emigrantis samedicino monacemebi, romlis damuSavebiT
SevZlebT warmovadginoT qarTuli diasporis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis metnaklebad sruli suraTi.
mogexsenebaT, TiToeuli emigranti
saqarTveloSi ramodenime ojaxs inaxavs. Sesabamisad, emigrantTa aqauri
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba, stabiluroba da riskebis prevencia saqarTveloSi
aTiaTasobiT ojaxis keTildReobasTan
pirdapir kavSirSia.
- da bolos, ra gaxda am jildos
gadmocemis mizezi? ra StrixebiTa da
ra faqtorebiT irCeva wlis saukeTeso
adamiani?
- ra StrixebiTa da faqtorebiT
amirCies, Tavad gamiWirdeba amaze saubari, magram SemiZlia mcire informacia
mogceT amasTan dakaSirebiT.
me gaxlavarT Queens Village Republican Club-is, aSS-Si erT-erTi yvelaze
Zveli, 1875 wels daarsebuli respublikuri klubis direqtoratis wevri
da biznes-komitetis Tavmjdomare.
niu-iorki, istoriulad, metwilad
demokratiuli partiis momxreebis umravlesobiT gamoirCeoda, esec emigrantebis xarjze, Tumca samwuxarod, respublikelTa faseulobebze da politikur
mrwamsze emigrantTa umravlesobas
dRemde araswori warmodgena aqvs.
dResdReisobiT, niu-iorkis respublikuri partiis adgilobrivi organizacia da mxardamWerebi jerovnad aZliereben Tavis gavlenas StatSi, xolo
respublikuri partiis dRes ukve wamyvani poziciebi aSS kongressa da senatSi naTels xdis politikuri establiSmentis tendenciebs. Cven vimedovnebT, rom saprezidento arCevnebi respublikuri partiis kandidatis gamarjvebiT dasruldeba da es aramarto
saqarTvelosa da sxva mravali, gansakuTrebiT postsabWouri qveynisaTvisaa gadamwyveti, aramed Tavad amerikis
SeerTebuli Statebis ekonomikuri maCveneblebis gaumjobesebis, Sida sazo-

39

gadoebriv-politikuri stabilurobisa,
saxelmwifo usafrTxoebisa da aseve,
rac mTavaria, saerTaSoriso arenaze
misi rogorc lideri qveynis poziciebis dabrunebis aucilebeli pirobaa.
wlevandeli wlidan vgegmav kidev
ufro aqtiurad CaverTo adgilobriv
saarCevno procesebSi, ufro sworad,
msurs maqsimalurad bevrma qarTvelma
emigrantma - aSS moqalaqem gaigos da
gaiTavisos, rom adgilobriv arCevnebSi
monawileoba da adgilobriv politikur procesebSi Cabma, adgilobriv amerikul establiSmentTan Zlieri da
myari urTierTobebis damyareba Zalian
mniSvnelovania, rogorc emigraciisaTvis, aseve Cveni qveynisaTvis.
ukve droa, rom gvicnobdes amerikuli socialuri da politikuri establiSmenti, adgilobrivi media. amis gareSe Cveni, rogorc eTnikuri umciresobis
gaZliereba warmoudgenelia. Cven „qarTvel-amerikelebs“ gvaqvs „saarCevno
xmis ufleba“ e.w. Voting Power, yvelaze Zlieri berketi, romelic sworad
da gonivrulad unda gamoviyenoT. amitom minda, rom maqsimalurad bevri
Tanamemamule CaerTos aqaur arCevnebSi.
ase viTardeba da Zlierdeba nebismieri eTnikuri saTvistomo amerikaSi, iqneba
es ebrauli, somxuri, italiuri, koreuli, buxaruli Tu sxva. arc Cven ar
unda viyoT gamonaklisi - es swored
Cvenze da Cvens aqtiurobazea damokidebuli.
rogorc mogaxseneT, me respublikeli gaxlavarT. zogadad saqarTveloSi, amerikis respublikur partiaze da
amerikel respublikelebze cota sxva
warmodgena aqvT, rac informaciis naklebobis bralia. Cemis azriT, dRes mimdinare Sida da sagareo procesebi
msoflioSi, samwuxarod aSS arsebuli
administraciis araswori, araTanmimdevruli da araprinci puli poziciisa da gatarebuli politikis bralia,
rac Zalian cudad aisaxeba Tavad amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis avtoritetze da statusze msoflioSi.
dRes aq mimdinare procesebi mizanmimarTuli socializaciis process
warmoadgens, rac amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifoebriobis mTavari sayrdeni princi pebis rRvevas iwvevs. zedmetad gazrdili da gamsxvilebuli samTavrobo struqturebi, romlebic mZime tvirTad awevs TiToeul
moqalaqes, gadasaxadebis gadamxdels,
swored rom pirdapir upirispirdeba
respublikelTa erT-erT mTavar princi ps - mcire mTavroba, maqsimaluri

40

Tavisufleba adgilobriv mmarTvelobebs Statebis doneze; xelisuflebis
decentralizeba da ase Semdeg.
es sakmaod xangrZlivi Temaa sasaubro da amaze albaT calke Rirs saubari. piradad, Sinaganad, resublikeli
var da respublikuri partiis registrirebuli momxre. Cemi megobrebi niuiorkis respublikuri partiis cnobili saxeebi arian da vTvli, rom maTi
mxardaWera da gverdSi dgoma dRes
mTlianad qarTuli saTvistomos interesebSi Sedis.
mimaCnia, respublikuri partiis gamarjveba dResdReobiT StatebSic da Statebs gareTac - dRes msoflioSi arsebuli iseTi gamowvevebis fonze, rogorc
putinis ruseTia, islamuri saxelmwifo da mravali sxva teroristuli
organizaciaa - Zlieri, Tanmimdevruli,
ukompromiso da myari lideri qveynis
statusis dabrunebis sawindaria, rac
dRevandel msoflios gacilebiT ufro
usafrTxos da stabilurs gaxdis.
CemTvis reiganis droindeli SeerTebuli Statebi swored is qveyanaa,
romlis nostalgia dResdReobiT aramarto amerikel moqalaqeebs, aramed
milionobiT araamerikels aqvT, romelic swored reiganis da misi administraciis mier gatarebuli politikis wyalobiT, „borotebis imperiis“,
sabWoTa kavSiris ngrevas moeswro da
dRes Tavisufali msoflios Tavisufali qveynis moqalaqea.
- gaandobT mkiTxvels „saidumlo
recepts“, ramac Tqven amerikaSi warmateba mogitanaT? erT siuJetSi gixileT,
Tqven qarTul xaWapurze didi siyvaruliT saubrobdiT. ramdenad gauwia
konkurencia „aWarulma xaWapurma“ ita-

liur „picas“? rogor miiRes?
- qarTuli samzareulo, iseve rogorc qarTuli cecxlovani cekva da
Cveni unikaluri polifoniuri folklori, qarTuli simRera, Cveni kulturis nawilia da dResdReobiT Cveni
qveynisaTvis erT-erT yvelaze efeqtur
da warmatebul savizito baraTad warmogvidgeba. dResdReobiT. qarTuli
restornebi warmatebiT muSaoben bruklinSic, qvinsSi da manhetenzec. aseve,
kidev axali qarTuli restorani gaixsna niu-jersSic.
es sakmaod rTuli biznesia, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT ra didi konkurenciaa
dRes samomxmareblo bazarze, gansakuTrebiT niu-iorkSi, sadac msoflios
yvela eTnosis samzareuloa warmodgenili.
Cven, qarTvelebi, am biznesSic pirvel nabijebs vdgamT, Tumca amerikelebisagan Cveni samzareulos mimarT didi
interesis gamoxatvis fonze, imeds vitoveb rom, axlo momavalSi, qarTuli
xaWapuri aSS-Si yvelaze popularuli
produqtis - italiuri picis Tanaswori alternativa gaxdeba.
amerikelebi sakmaod momTxovnebi arian kvebis sakiTxSi da amasTanave sakmaod mowadinebuli, axali da ucxo gemos,
zogadad axlis Zebnis sakiTxSic. Cven
vfiqrobT, rom Cveni kafeebis qseli
droulad Seiqmna da am axlis Ziebis
fonze qarTuli samzareulo Tavisi
gamorCeuli gemoTi aucileblad daikavebs gansakuTrebul adgils adgilobriv bazarze.
- ra genatrebaT yvelaze Zlier saqarTveloSi?
- qarTveli, romelic droebiT Tu
samudamo emigraciaSia, swored monat-

`qarTuli diaspora erTara-erTi yvelaze susti da ara
organizebuli diasporaa amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi.~
rebiT cxovrobs da uZlebs ganSorebas. Cveni qarTul-amerikuli diasporis sisustis da aramyarad fexismokidebis erT-erTi axsna amaSicaa - emigrantTa umravlesoba aSS-Si droebiT
imyofeba anu ar ganixilavs Tavs amerikis sazogadoebis nawilad da arc
cdilobs adaptirebas. miuxedavad imisa,
rom amerikam da adgilobrivma sazogadoebam maqsimalurad gagviRo yvela
qarTvels kari da mSobeliviT Cagvixuta CvenTvis yvelaze rTul da mZime
wlebSi, qarTvelis guli mainc samSobloSia da mas ekuTvnis.
es SeiZleba xmamaRal naTqvamad JRers
da devizs ufro gavs, magram simarTlea.
Cveni umravlesoba mainc saqarTvelosken
iyureba, sadac sakuTari ojaxebi egulviT da Sesabamisad, es nostalgia Zalzed Zlieria. me Cemi mSoblebi menatrebian, Cemi didi ojaxi, naTesavebi da
megobrebi.
bevri ram Seicvala saqarTveloSi,
mixaria rom Cems qveyanaSi aRar aris
totaluri SiSi, aRar aris Cemi qveynisTvis ucxo, Tavisi xarisxiT da masStabebiT uprecendento Zaladobis atmosfero, maimedebs rom Zalian bevri
ram keTdeba.
bevri ram Seicvala, rac wamovedi.
maT Soris, Sexedulebebi da warmodgenebi bevr sakiTxze da faseulobaze;
Seicvala sazogadoebis mentalitetic.
samwuxarod, emigrantuli gadmosaxedidan iseT faseulobebze, rogoricaa sikeTis keTebis survili, miRebuli sikeTis
danaxva da dafaseba, gaWirvebulis da
sustis Sebraleba, urTierT-siyvaruli da urTierTobis mofrTxileba, erTmaneTis erTguleba, megobroba, Senianis monatreba da Tanadgoma, sxvisi
azris da poziciis sworad danaxva,
dafaseba da gaTvaliswineba, - es bolo
15-20 welia dRevandeli realoba qarTul sazogadoebas seriozul gamocdas
utarebs. minda, rom es gamocda emigraciaSic da saqarTveloSic yvelam
Rirseulad gaviaroT.
- rodis apirebT saqarTveloSi dabrunebas?
- Cemi saqarTveloSi samudamo dabrunebis dro, samwuxarod, jer ar damdgara,
Tumc sxvanairad arc vgegmav Cemi ojaxis momavals.
iza SaqaraSvili

41

eyf[fdvf
hf
yf[f0=
mixeil qvliviZis aqamde daubeWdavi narkvevi
im dRidan, rac SeerTebul StatebSi Camovedi, sul vfiqrob: `RmerTo,
mogveci Cvenc, qarTvelebs aseTive cxovreba (me mxedvelobaSi maqvs materialuri done da is fufuneba, rasac adamians
ganviTarebuli teqnika uqmnis!). ra bednierebi viqnebodiT, ra noyieri niadagi
eqneboda Cvens niWs, yvela Cvens SesaZleblobas! Cven xom marTla kargi xalxi
varT: ojaxic gviyvars, naTesavic, megobaric, karis mezobelic ki axloblad
migvaCnia! moyvasTan urTierToba Cveni
upirvelesi sulieri moTxovnilebaa,
amis gareSe qarTvel kacs arseboba ar
SeuZlia! miuxedavad imisa, rom dro
gafuWda, piradad me bevri nacnobi da
ucnobi qarTveli meguleba, vinc sazogadoebriv moRvaweobas uangarod eweva.
aq ki, amerikaSi, sul sxvanairi xalxia. megobrobas isini `partniorobas~
uwodeben. Tu amerikeli biznesmeni an
saxelmwifo moxele adamianTan saqmiani
interesiT ar aris dakavSirebuli, masTan urTierToba drois dakargvad miaCnia. dro ki, maTi gagebiT, fulia da
misi gamoyenebaa saWiro! diax, uangarod,
umizezod, ubralo simpaTiis gamo aq
aravin aravis dauaxlovdeba! udardeli
drostareba aq yovlad warmoudgenelia! erTad Tu Seiyrebian da sadme
restoranSi wavlen, - megobrebi ki ara,
TanamSromlebi an saqmiani interesiT
dakavSirebuli xalxi unda iyos. iqac,
sufrasTan, ZiriTadad, saqmeze saubroben,
uqmad rom ar Caiaros maTma Sexvedram
da raime xelsayreli Sedegi gamoiRos...
...da kidev, sakuTar janmrTelobaze
gadayolili zrunviT gamoirCevian amerikelebi! eqimebTan ganuwyveteli konsultaciebi, sma-Wamis reJimis dacva,
Tambaqos mowevaze uaris Tqma da a.S.
arsad sxvagan aseTi ram ar Semxvedria!
... vinc am Cems narkvevs waikiTxavs,
albaT, misayvedurebs, rom amerikis RirSesaniSnaobebs ki ar vaTvalierebdi
(caTambjenebs, muzeumebs, Zeglebs, Teatrebs, gamofenebs), aramed ufro adamianebsa da maTi cxovrebis wess vakvirdebodi. es mainteresebda. me da Cemma
Taobam sabWoTa kavSirSi iseT araadamianur pirobebSi gavatareT cxovreba,
rom Cemi interesi 21-e saukuneSi fexgadadgmul amerikisadmi savsebiT gamarTlebulia.
... niu-iorkSi, huZonis qveS gayvani-

42

li samkilometriani gvirabidan rom
amoxvalT, manhetenis SuagulSi aRmoCndebiT, manamde ki Tqvens Tvalwin caTambjenebis gadasarevi panorama iSleba.
RmerTo Cemo. ramdeni sisulele ar
wamikiTxavs sabWoTa presaSi am caTambjenebis Sesaxeb?! arada, aseTi lamazi
sanaxaoba Cems sicocxleSi ar minaxavs!
kavkasionis qeds rom uyureb TviTmfrinavidan an sxva maRali wertilidan,
swored isaa niu-iorkis centrSi ganlagebuli manheteni!
... magram amerika, Cemi STabeWdilebiT,
mainc caTambjenis ki ara, or-samsarTuliani saxlebis qveyanaa da kidev, gadasarevi avtostradebis - saavtomobilo
gzebis saxelmwifoa! etyoba, amerikelebma jer TavianTi sacxovrebeli sivrce
moawyves, lamazi da moxerxebuli kotejebi daidges, mere ki, msoflios gasakvirveblad, caSi sarTulebi aisroles
da, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, `RmerTs
fexisgulebi dafxanes”?
me ukve giTxariT, amerika is qveyanaa,
sadac adamiani momavlis imediT da
ocnebiT ki ar cxovrobs, dauyovnebliv
axorcielebs imas, rac dRes sWirdeba.
me vgulisxmob kargad mowyobil yofas,
yoveldRiur moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofilebas da sxva. magram amgvarma mudmivma swrafvam keTilmowyobili cxovrebisaken rigiTi amerikeli SeZlebuli cxovrebis mZevlad gaxada, igi iZulebulia avansad miRebuli keTildReoba dauRalavi SromiT gamoisyidos.
diax, TavauRebeli, gamanadgurebeli
SromiT! es ki Tavisuflebis erTgvari
SezRudvaa, radgan gulisxmobs aRebul
valdebulebaTa aucilebel Sesrulebas!
amerikeli sul raRaca gadasaxadebs
ixdis da sul mudam yelamde valebSia
Cafluli! RmerTi-rjuli, ar vinatrebdi
aseT cxovrebas!.. praqticizmi amerikelebs Zvalsa da rbilSi aqvT gamjdari da me ukve ramdeni xania aq var,
magram CemsaviT arapraqtikuli, idealisti kaci, romelic Tavis 12-lariani
pensiiT kmayofildeba, jer ar Semxvedria! Cems Semosavalze rom mekiTxebian,
ar vpasuxob, radgan vici, xumroba egonebaT da gaicineben...
mainc kargia, rom amerikaSi Camovedi! aq sabolood davrwmundi, rom materialuri keTildReoba adamianis bednierebis safuZveli ar aris. keTildRe-

obas kaci iseve male eCveva, rogorc
siduxWires. adamiani sxva ramisaTvis
aris gaCenili. mirCevnia, gacilebiT
ufro Raribad vicxovro, magram im
sulier kmayofilebas ganvicdide, rasac Cems gaWirvebul samSobloSi, Cems
Rarib ojaxSi vRebulob da is urTierToba mqondes adamianebTan, uromlisodac sicocxle ar SemiZlia! ara, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar aris cxovrebis
mizani - materialuri dovlaTis Seqmna
da dagroveba da, albaT, amaSia marqsizmisa da komunistebis udidesi Secdoma!
amerikelTa umravlesobis - biznesmenebis, saxelmwifo moxeleebis da sxvadasxva profesiis xalxis - sulieri
siRatake miT ufro aSkarad Cans, rac
ufro teqnikurad ganviTarebul pirobebSi cxovroben, rac ufro materialurad uzrunvelyofilni arian! `Cems
saxlSi rom moxvalT da sasworze
aiwonebiT, daxra ar dagWirdebaT, saswori TviTon getyviT - ra simaRlisa
xarT da ramdens iwoniT!” - ikvexnida
erTi biznesmeni, visTanac stumrad dampatiJes. mivedi da, marTlac, iatakis sasworSi CamontaJebulma uxilavma mikrofonma zusti cnobebi momawoda Cemi
simaRlisa da wonis Sesaxeb!.. aseTia
es qveyana, dakuzvac ezarebaT teqnikiT
ganebivrebul amerikelebs!
amitom ra gasakviria, rom amdeni
msuqani kaci da qali, rac amerikaSia,
sxvagan arsad Semxvedria, - arc CvenTan,
arc evropaSi, - da es maSin, roca aravin ise ar zrunavs Tavis janmrTelobaze, rogorc amerikelebi!
niu-iorksa da vaSingtonSi uamravi
wignis maRaziaa. xalxic bevria Sig,
magram wigns, rogorc aseTs, miT umetes
mxatvrul literaturas, mgoni, aravin
kiTxulobs. tyuilad ki ar trabaxobda sabWoTa kavSiri Tavisi `masobrivi
mkiTxveliT~. albaT, yvelas axsovs moskovis metro, sadac kaciSvils ver naxavdi, rom wigni ar sWerodes xelSi.
amerikaSi aseT rames iSviaTad naxavT.
eseni ZiriTadad gazeTebs kiTxuloben
da televizors uyureben. gamowerili
aqvT cnobarebi, sadac weria, romel
maRaziaSi ra iyideba da ramdeni Rirs,
birJaze rogori kursi aqvs dolars.
qalebi modis Jurnalebs aTvaliereben, kulinariis axal miRwevebs ecnobian, magram sad arian am dros folkneri,

heminguei, steinbeki, apdaiki, Tundac mark
tveni? sad aris amerikuli kultura,
romelsac Cven, yofili sabWoTa xalxi,
TviTon amerikelebze ukeTesad vicnobT?
erTxel me da toma stumrad wavediT. erTi SexedviT, kulturul ojaxSi movxvdiT: mdidrulad morTul binaSi wignebiT savse karadebic idga, roialic iyo da kompiuteric. Cemma Svilma
ojaxis ufross uTxra: mamaCemi axlaxan
ruseTidan Camovida, iq cxovrobda da
muSaobdao... biznesmenma gaiRima da ikiTxa: `mamaTqveni, albaT, xSirad Sexvedria lev tolstois, usaubria kidec
masTan?!~ kargia, rom inglisuri ar
vici, Torem xmamaRla gavicinebdi!
Cemi siZis, valodias ojaxi niu-jersis StatSi, patara qalaq mauntensaidSi cxovrobs. mauntensaidi inglisurad, mgoni `mTis ferdobs~ niSnavs da
tyeebiT aris garemoculi. Cveni samsarTuliani Senoba qalaqis ganapiras dgas.
amaswinaT aivnidan irmebis jogi davinaxe, cxovelebi balaxs Zovdnen. ulamazesi nukri Tavis dedikos axlda da
kuds sasacilod aqicinebda. me da
toma Cumad vuTvalTvalebdiT irmebs,
mere katinem moirbina da yvirili morTo. cxovelebi dafrTxnen da buCqnarSi
gauCinardnen... Cveni saxlis win, quCis
mxares, sadac dilaobiT balaxs vrwyav,
bevrjer msuqani da bajbaja maCvic minaxavs. frinvelebic bevria aq da nairnairi peplebic. TviTon tye ki udaburia da, Tumca kulturulad `parks~
uwodeben, iq aravin seirnobs, arc sokos
krefen... tomam miTxra, erTxel Cemi
samzareulos fanjridan futkrisxela
Citi davinaxeo, Wreli iyo da Zalian
grZeli niskarti hqondao. `iqneb kolibri iyo?~ - gavifiqre, radgan amerikaSi yvelaferi mosalodnelia.
guSin ociode kilometriT gavcdiT
saxls da yvavilebis maRaziaSi vaSlisa
da atmis nergebi viyideT. me da valodiam ezoSi davrgeT. Tu gaixara, Cems
saxelze gaixarebs da Cems Svils da
SviliSvilebs Cems Tavs gaaxsenebs...
Cveni saxlis win agvistos mzem balaxi
gadawva da valodiam gadawyvita miwis
mwvane safaris ganaxleba. vifiqre, albaT,
niadags dabaravs da, rogorc CvenSi
ician, koindars daTesavs-meTqi. araferic magisTana! imave yvavilebis maRaziaSi 5-7 santimetris sisqis miwis safeni SeviZineT zed amosuli koindriT.
igi, satelefono kabelis msgavsad, veeberTela xis koWze iyo daxveuli da
satvirTo manqaniT mogvarTves saxlSi.
mere muSebi movidnen, Zveli safari miwas
sufrasaviT gadaxades da axali daafines!

ukve aTi dRe darCa Cems gamgzavrebamde. erTi suli maqvs, sanam TbilisSi davbrundebi. aRar minda arc amaTi
maZRari cxovreba, arc amaTi teqnikuri
sakvirvelebani da arc simSvide, rac
aq sufevs. menatreba Cemi col-Svili
da, raoden banaluric unda iyos, rusTavelis prospeqtze fexiT gaseirneba...
Ramis ori saaTia da ar mZinavs.
gareT saSinlad wvims, namdvili Tavsxmaa! neta ra xdeba axla TbilisSi?
rogor arian Cvenebi? maT raRaceebis
yidva damabares da swored dRes yvelaze did supermarketSi viyavi, sadac
yvelaferi iyideba - saqonelica da
sursaTic. maRaziaSi samSeneblo masalebis ganyofilebacaa da iqiT gaveSure,
rom gogiasTvis webo meyida. `kargi
webo Camomitane, iseTi, yvelafers rom
awebebs”, - damabara biWma. weboebis meti
aq ra aris: webo, romelic qaRalds,
muyaos, xes, bambas, keramikas, liTons, ase
gasinjeT, rkina-betonsac awebebs! airCie,
romelic ginda! mec varCie, varCie da
bolos `qreizi glu~ vuyide, rac inglisurad `gadareul webos~ niSnavs! instruqciaSi, romelic tomam miTargmna,
ewera, rom es webo nebismier masalas
awebebs, Tan ganusazRvreli vadiT (marto es reklama rad Rirs!). me mgoni,
gogias gauxardeba...
katine SigadaSig inglisurs maswavlis. me qarTul sityvebs laTinuri
asoebiT vuwer da mixaria, roca yovel
diliT, samzareuloSi Semosuli, dila
mSvidobisao meubneba. mec, albaT, male
inglisurad davelaparakebi, radgan ukve
vici erTi sityva: `qreizi glu~! mainc
ratom amekviata es `gadareuli webo~?
iqneb imitom, rom am qveyanaSi yvelaferi araCveulebrivia da sul ar hgavs
imas, rac manamde minaxavs?!
* * *
niu-iorkSi e.w. `rusuli radio~
arsebobs, rac faqtobrivad ebrauli

radioa. asevea rusuli gazeTic `novoe
ruskoe slovo~, sadac rusulad dabeWdil masalas aSkarad gamokveTili ebrauli aqcenti aqvs.
rusul radios xelmZRvanelobs vinme iosif saci - Cemi moskoveli megobris, griSa gorinis nacnobi. ramdenjerme davureke am kacs (Tu sacs?) magram
adgilze ar damxvda. mindoda radioTi gamovsuliyavi da honoraris msgavsi
raRac mimeRo, radgan am xnis mwerals
cota mrcxvenia, rom naTesavebis kmayofaze vimyofebi...
iosif saci sakmaod yuradRebiani
vinme gamodga. gorinis werili rom
gadaveci, xelad programaSi Semitana
da meore dRisaTvis daniSna Cemi radiogamosvla: `qarTveli poeti mikrofonTan~. mivedi. yurebze veeba `nauSnikebi~ Camomacves da sacma gamafrTxila:
`mxedvelobaSi iqonieT, es gadacema Ria
eTerSi midis, Tqven mTeli amerika gismenT!~ CarTes mikrofoni da me movaxsene `mTel amerikas~ afxazeTis ambebis Sesaxeb, SevardnaZesac oriode sityva Sevawie da imedi gamovTqvi, rom misi xelmZRvanelobiT saqarTvelo gaWirvebas Tavs daaRwevs da msoflio asparezze gava... ormoc wuTamde vilaparake.
mere davelode radiomsmenelTa SekiTxvebs. karga xani aravin xmas ar iRebda,
bolos, viRacam mkiTxa: `rogor cxovroben TbilisSi ebraelebi? amboben, rom
maT devnian da aviwroeben, marTalia?~
me vupasuxe, rom amJamad ebraelebi
TbilisSi iseTsave gaWirvebas ganicdian,
rogorsac qarTvelebi, TaTrebi, berZnebi, rusebi, qurTebi da sxva erovnebis
warmomadgenlebi, anu mTeli Tbilisis
mosaxleoba. sxva SekiTxvebi ar yofila.
am ormocwuTian saubarSi, Cemda gasakvirad, 50 dolari gadamixades.
* * *
me da valodiam amas winaT Cveni saxlis mimdebare teritoria davasufTaveT: sarevela balaxi gavkafeT, xeebs
xmeli totebi SevaWeriT, ormoebi miwiT amovavseT da gavasworeT. valodiam
yvavilebis CiTilebi moitana da gazonebSi davrgeT. es wvrilmani saqmeebi
xaliss mmatebs da samSobloze dards
miqarvebs. valodia mudam dakavebulia
da me da tomas sakmarisi dro gvaqvs
sasaubrod. mTeli Cemi cxovrebis manZilze amdeni ar milaparakia Cems SvilTan. raze aRar vsaubrobdiT? cxovrebaze, literaturaze, politikaze, Teatrze, modaze...
* * *
janmrTelobis mxriT ase kargad arasdros vyofilvar! toma sul Tavze

43

mevleba, aRar icis riT masiamovnos:
xan Tavisi biblioTekidan ucnobi mwerlis wigns momcems, xan Tanamedrove
musikas momasmeninebs, xan egzotikuri
kerZiT gamimaspinZldeba... Tan sul Wkuas marigebs, rogor unda moviqce da
vikvebo, rom didxans vicocxlo. papirosis wevas mainc ver gadamaCvia da vewevi
gadasarev amerikul sigaretebs, romlis msgavsi arc moskovSi, arc TbilisSi ar momiwevia! SabaTobiT oriveni
`supermarketSi~ mivdivarT mTeli kviris samyofi sanovagis sayidlad. Tu
katinec CvenTan aris, aucileblad `makdonaldsSi~ SeviseirnebT, rom ugemrielesi Semwvari kartofiliT da nayiniT visiamovnoT... mokled, samoTxeSi
var! tyuilad ki ar davarqvi Cems narkvevs `unaxavma ra naxao?!~ gansakuTrebiT `supermarketebi~ magiJeben! yvelaferi aris, rasac adamiani inatrebs!
SigniT, maRaziaSi, erT gamyidvelsac
ver naxavT: mxolod Taroebia da maTze
gamofenili saqoneli. kulinariis ganyofilebaSi, vitrinebs Soris, magidebia
Carigebuli, sadac myidvels SeuZlia
gemo gausinjos produqts, romlis SeZenasac apirebs. Tu produqti civad
iWmeba, macivridan amogiReben, Tu gacxelebas saWiroebs, gagicxeleben, Tan gamagrilebel wyalsac mogarTmeven, rom yelze ar dagadges... amaSi fuls ar gaxdevineben. ase rom, Tu Tqven gSiaT, saWmels
nu iyidiT, muqTad danayrdiT, sanam
maRaziaSi imyofebiT (es, rasakvirvelia,
CemisTana `unaxavebs~ exeba, Torem adgilobrivi mosaxleoba ase ar iqceva!).
* * *
niu-iorkSi erTi ubania, - `braitonbiCs~ eZaxian. es sabWoTa kavSiridan
Camosuli emigrantebis raionia. adre
aq zangebi cxobrobdnen, magram axalCamosulebi imdenad agresiulebi aRmoCndnen, rom Seaviwroves da gandevnes
Savkaniani mosaxleoba. `braiton-biCze~ rom moxvdebi, Seni Tavi odesaSi
an gomelSi gegoneba: viwro, danagvianebuli quCebi, yvelgan rusuli warwerebi, ebrauli aqcentiT moyayane brbo...
quCebSi imdeni xalxia, Tavisuflad
ver gaivli!..
sabWoTa reJimis nostalgiiT daavadebuli kaci `braiton-biCze~ xelad
ganikurneba: aq misTvis yvelaferi nacnobi da mSobliuria: grZeli rigebic,
gamyidvelebic, uxeSobac, lanZRva-ginebac
(gansakuTrebiT, rusuli dedis gineba!).
ai, sad unda daasaxlo dRevandeli
komunistebi: amxanagi ziuganovi da batoni panteleimoni! arc sxvebs awyenda
am `samoTxeSi~ yofna, rom cota Wkua-

44

ze mosuliyvnen...
ori dRis win Cems siZes raRac
wveuleba hqonda da me da toma `braiton-biCze~ wavediT delikatesebis sayidlad. tomam Tqva, iq kargi qaSayi
da sokos wnili iyidebao. `seliodka~
da `griboCkebi~ xom rusuli sufris
mSvenebaa!.. maRazias rusulad gastronomi ewera. SigniT xalxis teva ar
iyo. amerikaSi rigebi ar minaxavs, aq
ki iseTi oromtriali idga, gegoneba,
omi daiwyo da mosaxleoba produqtebs
imaragebs, rom SimSiliT ar amowydeso!
tomam erT rigSi daikava adgili, me
meoreSi Camayena, salarosTanac gavafrTxileT xalxi... mokled, mSobliur
stiqiaSi vigrZeni Tavi, TiTqos moskovSi
an TbilisSi vimyofebodi...
* * *
Cvens saxlTan manqanebis mosaxvevia.
dilaobiT, roca balaxs vrwyav, erTi
SemTxveva ar maxsovs, rom manqanas gaevlos da mZRols CemTvis salami ar
eTqvas: kacia Tu qalia, zangia Tu TeTrkaniani, svlas Seanelebs, Tavs gamoyofs,
xels damiqnevs da `helou!~ momaZaxebs.
kargia es! Cvens sofelSiac ase icodnen
Zvelad: nacnobsa Tu ucnobs glexkaci
yvelas esalmeboda. `salami RvTisaao~,
- ambobdnen soflelebi. axla es wesi
dairRva. albaT, imitom, rom gauWirda
xalxs da bevr karg TvisebasTan erTad
zrdilobac dakarga. magram mauntensaidi xom qarTuli sofeli ar aris!
Tanamedrove amerikuli qalaqia. maS
saidan aq patriarqaluri qarTuli
Cveuleba? me mgoni, patriarqaloba da
qarTveloba arafer SuaSia, ubralod,
amerikeli moqalaqe kmayofilia Tavisi
cxovrebiT da yvelas mimarT keTilad
aris ganwyobili...
rogorc Cemma SviliSvilma anikom
miTxra, amerikaSi Turme yvelaze upatiebel danaSaulad rasizmi iTvleba. sakvirvelia, RmerTmani! sabWoTa propaganda
sul imas gaiZaxoda da skolaSic amas
gvaswavlidnen, amerika rasizmis qveyanaao, `ku-kluqs-klani~ marto iq arsebobso... anikos TqmiT ki SeerTebul StatebSi adamianis daCagvra mxolod imis
gamo, rom igi Savkaniania an sxva erovnebas ekuTvnis, miutevebel danaSaulad
iTvleba! me mainc mgonia, es ufro saxelmwifos oficialuri poziciaa, vidre sinamdvile. Tumca Cemi SviliSvilebi upiratesad zang an koreel bavSvebTan megobroben da erTxmad gaiZaxian: isini, amerikelebTan SedarebiT, ufro
`gulianebi~ ariano! (iqneb qarTuli
sisxli alaparakebT?)
bavSvebTan dakavSirebiT kidev erTi

ram minda aRvniSno: adamianis uflebebis dacvis meqanizmi aq ise kargad muSaobs, rom sakmarisia policielma quCaSi SeamCnios kaci an qali, - mSobeli,
romelic Tavis bavSvs scems da atirebs,
- wesrigis damcvels SeuZlia igi daapatimros da policiaSi miabrZanos!
mere sasamarTlo gansjis ufrosis despotur moqmedebas da SesaZloa mSoblobis uflebac waarTvas!
* * *
isev adamianTa urTierTobas minda
Sevexo. me ukve giTxariT: amisaTvis
vcocxlob-meTqi da es litoni sityva
ar aris. xumrobiT bevrjer miTqvams:
`marto nu damtovebT, vinmesTan kontaqti damamyarebineT da Tundac maCxubeT masTan!~ es qarTveli kacis poziciaa! amerikaSi adamianTa urTierToba
TiTqmis yovelTvis praqtikul interess emyareba da ara siyvaruls, megobrobas, pativiscemas da sxva. isini imdenad pragmatikosebi arian, imdenad gamjdari aqvT sisxlsa da xorcSi wminda
mcneba `dro fulia~, rom daukiTxavad,
winaswari Setyobinebis gareSe, megobari
megobarTan ver miva da naTesavi naTesavs
ver moinaxulebs! erTi mxriv, es kargia,
radgan pirovnebis suverenitetis Selaxvis ufleba aravis aqvs. magram ra
SuaSia suvereniteti, roca siyvarulsa
da megobrobazea laparaki?! Cemi Rrma
rwmeniT, am pawawina planetaze yvelani
nacnobebi varT (samwuxarod, Cems metma
es aravin icis!) da, rac ufro male
mivxvdebiT amas, miT ukeTesi iqneba! gana sawyeni ar aris, ise gavataroT Cveni wuTisofeli, rom ar gamovecnauroT,
ar davelaparakoT, xeli ar gavuwodoT
erTmaneTs da davikloT is udidesi
siamovneba, rasac adamiani ganicdis, roca
moyvass gaabednierebs?!
* * *
TbilisSi Cems wasvlamde sul ori
dRe darCa. bileTi ukve momitanes, bargic Calagebulia. xval ukanasknelad
manhetenze gavemgzavrebiT me da toma.
iq erTi marTmadidebluri eklesiaa
da sanTeli minda avanTo. madloba,
RmerTs Sin vbrundebi! bevri araferi
mimaqvs, garda `gadareuli webosi~ (gaxsovT `qreizi glu~?) da diqtofonze
Cawerili Cemi STabeWdilebebisa...
Zalian gTxov, Cemo mkiTxvelo, am Cemi `gaurkveveli narkvevis~ mimarT mkacri nu iqnebi. gavimeoreb imas, rac winasityvaobaSi giTxari: amerika arc qveyanaa, arc kontinentia. igi gamoucnobi
planetaa, romelic yovelTvis Tavis
axal aRmomCens elis. erTi aseTi aRmomCeneli mec var.

kompiuterebis eqimi
www.mycompwiz.com; 1-908-361-9590 akaki jiqia
virusisgan gawmenda

Tu SeamCnevT, rom Tqveni kompiuteri ar funqcionirebs ise, rogorc
adre, SesaZlebelia kompiuteri inficirebuli iyos virusebisgan, Malware,Spam an kide keylogger isgan, romelsac esaWiroeba gawmenda;
sadenis SekeTeba

xSir SemTxvevaSi leptopis sadeni
ziandeba sxvadasxva mizezis gamo da
SeuZlebeli xdeba batareaze denis
miwodeba. esaWiroeba SekeTeba;

gexmarebiT safosto momsaxurebiT;
fenis gamocvla

Tu Tqveni leptopi iTiSeba xSirad umizezod, SesaZlebelia feni
iyos dabinZurebuli an gamosacvleli. gaTiSvis mizezi SesaZlebelia
gadaxurebamac gamoiwvios da TavisiT
gaiTiSos dacvis mizniT. moulodnelma gaTiSvam SeiZleba vinCesteric
daazianos, amisaTvis droulad unda
SekeTdes;
ekranis gamocvla

mikrosistemebis
gamocvla

Cven SegviZlia nebismier leptops
an desktops gamovucvaloT dazianebuli mikro-sistema da davabrunoT
muSa mdgomareobaSi;
klaviaturis gamocvla

Tu Tqvens leptops esaWiroeba
klaviaturis gamocvla, Cven mzad varT
dagexmaroT nebismieri modelis klaviaturis gamocvlaSi. Tu fizikurad
ar xerxdeba Cvenamde mosvla, da-

arasworma mopyrobam advilad
SesaZlebelia leptopis ekrani daazianos da saWiroebs gamocvlas;
failebis aRdgena

failebis dakargvis SemTxvevaSi,
vinCesteris gafuWebis, `USB flash
drive~, `External hard drive~, `IDE~,
`SCSI hard drive~, `SSD~ Cveni partnioris laboratoria saSualebas gvaZlevs, rom movi povoT is dakarguli
informacia, rasac Cveulebrivi `recovery~ programa ver akeTebs;

***

Cven SegviZlia internetiT, TqvenTan mousvlelad davukavSirdeT kompiuters. Cveni momsaxureba garantirebulia, vinaidan profesionalurad
vekidebiT CvenTvis dakisrebul movaleobas da Sesabamisad, momxmareblebic
bednieria CveniT.

giorgi kakauriZe
apirebT daqorwinebas?
an gsurT rom sakuTar Tavs, an megobars saCuqari
gaukeToT da SeiZinoT sufTa da xarisxiani brilianti
an briliantiT gawyobili samkauli an beWedi oqroSi?
gTxovT mobrZandeT
55 West 47th Street, Mezz 330
New York, NY 10036
an dagvikavSirdeT: 646-755-4591 Cven SegviZlia
dagimzadoT beWedi an samkauli Tqveni dizainiT.

adgilebi, sadac ufasod vrceldeba Jurnali `mamuli~

`mamulis~ megobaria:

niu-iorkSi:
Taste of Georgia
1637 East 18th street,
Brooklyn, NY 11229
Brick Oven Bread
230 Kings Hwy,
Brooklyn, NY 11223
Pesvebi - Studio
70 Avenue O
Brooklyn, NY 11204
Georgian Church on
170 Avenue T
Brooklyn, NY 11223
St. Nino Church
1835 Bay Ridge Parkway
Brooklyn, NY 11204
Barami
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Georgian Food & Bakery
109 Brighton 11 street,
Brooklyn, NY 11235
Tone-Café
265 Neptune Ave,
Brooklyn, NY 11235
Tone - Georgian Bread
125 Brighton Beach Ave
Brooklyn, NY 11235
Georgian Consulate
144 East 44th street
New York, NY 10017
Tone-cafe
134 E 17 st.
New York, NY 10003
vaSingtonSi:
Embassy of Georgia
1824 R street,
Washington, DC 20009
filadelfiaSi:
St. George Church
1916 Welsh Rd
Philadelphia, PA 19115
Bell’s Market
8330 Bustleton Avenue,
Philadelphia, PA 19152
niu-jersSi:
Barami
84 Harbor Drive,
Jersey City, NJ 07305

45

`iluz
ion
i~
`iluzion
ioni~

varskvlavebi
™

ar kvdebian

oTar sefiaSvili,

saqarTvelos xelovnebis
damsaxurebuli moRvawe

`varskvlavebi ar kvdebian.
varskvlavebi qrebian mxolod~
amas ambobs legenda.
legendad iqcevian adamianebi.
adamianebi kvdebian.
legendis dReni ki wuTisofliT
ar iwureba.
legendaSi cocxldeba sinamdvile
naocnebari - is, rac iyo da rac warmosaxviT Seiqmna. da Tu legenda ar aris
yovelTvis marTali, samagierod, lamazia mudam. xelovneba ki imTaviTve mSvenierebis trfiali iyo. amitomac, Zneli
warmosadgenia mxatvruli samyaro legendebis gareSe.
qarTuli kinos gzasavalzec darCa
erTi legenda - lamazi, naTeli da sevdanarevi. legenda imaze, rom varskvlavebi ar kvdebian, varskvlavebi qrebian
mxolod...
* * *
ase iwyeba es legenda:
saqarTveloSic Camomdgariyo kino
- meoce saukunis `glaxakTa da upovarTa~ muza, umrwemesi muzaTa Soris.
TrTolviT Sescqeroda didostat xuroTmoZRvarTa qvaSi gamJRavnebul amay
sulebs, Jruantels gvrida monRolTa
TvalebdaTxrili RvTismSoblis freskebi, oqromqandakebelTa sinatifes ewafeboda… yvelaze Zlier ki, xiblavda xalxis udreki da lamazi suli. es iyo
misi STagoneba, xelovnad gaxdomaze
ocnebobda da Tavis varskvlavs daeZebda Turme.
`cxovel suraTebad~ inaTeboda kino
Cabnelebul darbazSi. da Tumca masSi
mcire iyo sicocxle da kidev ufro
naklebi - xelovneba, mainc gauCndnen
Tayvanismcemlebi. am dros ki, saopero
Teatris scenaze ukvdavebas eziareboda
ufliswuli abesalomisa da oboli
eTeris ubedo siyvarulis Tqmuleba,
dawerili iyo `mTawmindis mTvare~ da
`meri~, Tbilisis tavernebis kedlebic
daepyro firosmanis momajadoebel ferebs.
aTvalwunebiT Sexvdnen xelovnebis
parnasze kinos. ugvartomobisaTvis Zraxavdnen axali teqnikis pirmSos. sityvis qurumni faravdnen TavianT mtrobas:

46

kabadonebSi

Tavis dReSi ver SevurigdebiTo poetebi kinos xelovnebad aRiarebas. zogma
ki imTaviTve iwama Zala misi zrdisa
da natrobda enaxa ekranze momxiblavi
suraTi, sadac `damabrmavebeli silamaziT gaielvebdnen mSvildisarni amorZalebi, gaqaful cxenebze amxedrebulni~.
kino ki maRldeboda da kvlav daeZebda Tavis varkvlavs. xma dairxa SarSan TbilisSi gamarTul jiriTze
moukravTo Tvali misTvis. viRacam Tqva:
erTi fotografis vitrinaSi axlac
hkidiao misi suraTi. mividnen, naxes,
moixiblnen kinos msaxurni. Semdeg alaznis velze miagnes amomaval varskvlavs.
imas, vinc qarTuli kinos mnaTobi unda
gamxdariyo, vis saxelsac legendad
qceva ewera.
es saxeli iyo nato vaCnaZe.
ase, an TiTqmis ase movida nato vaCnaZe kinoSi. am legendas aqvs gagrZeleba - mRelvare, miwierad momxibvlavi, aqvs dasasrulic - poeturad lamazi
da sevdiani.
* * *
nato vaCnaZe kino xelovnebaze sul
raRac cxra wliT umcrosi iyo...

saocaria, magram asea - mas ar uocnebia kinoze, Tavad gaxda kinos ocneba.
da me aRar mikvirs, roca legenda am
mSvenier, miwisa da mindvris yvavilebis surnelebiT gaJRenTil cxramet
weliwads aqcevs mxolod erT qaragmaSi. albaT, legendebmac ician eWvianoba.
Cven ki viyoT miukerZoebelni. es
cxrameti weliwadi gzaa miwidan varskvlavebamde. natos uxmobda qarTuli
kinoxelovneba. igi unda misuliyo masTan da mivida kidec.
* * *
`pirveli STabeWdileba cudi iyo.
saxe mkrTali, daRlili, SeSinebuli
TvalebiT, - igonebda vladimer barski,
reJisori suraTisa `arsena yaCaRi”,
romelSic mTavari rolis Sesasruleblad miiwvies nato vaCnaZe.
qali arwmunebs: ekrani ar mimiRebs,
msaxiobi ver gavxdebio. TiTqmis davujere. magram Tvals ar vacileb... ucbad
natos saxe Seecvala, Tvalebi gaubrwyinda, gaxda mSvenieri da momxiblavi.
vxedav Cems win almasia. mxolod saWiroa misi daxvewa, rom sruliad gabrwyindes. mere Seufaravi siamayiT das-

Zenda: ekranis es margaliti me aRmovaCineo. magram ufro marTebuli iqneboda
gveTqva, rom nato vaCnaZe mTlianad qarTuli kinos aRmoCenaa. aq iyo raRac
kanonzomiereba.
* * *
sasinjod gadaRebuli aTamde fotosuraTi. yvela aRtacebulia. aq alRo
bevr niSnavs, sTavazoben or rols: nenos
- `arsena yaCaRi~ da nunus `mamis mkvlelSi~.
es ori suraTi TiTqmis erTdroulad gamovida ekranze.
nato vaCnaZis nunu erT-erTi damajerebeli figuraa `mamis mkvlelSi~.
filmis popularobac man ganapiroba.
nato qarTuli kinos sakuTrebaa - `misi garegnoba, Sinagani gancda, Jesti, mimika ver warmomidgenia qarTuli koloritis gareSe”, - werda `mamis mkvlelis~
reJisori amo bek-nazarovi.
* * *
filmi `sami sicocxle~, 1924 wels
gadaiRo reJisorma ivane perestianma
giorgi wereTlis `pirveli nabijis~
mixedviT.
suraTSi nato asaxierebda mkerav
qals - esmas. filmi dRemde SemorCa
ekranze da gvidasturebs maSindeli
recenzentebis naTqvams: nato ki ar TamaSobda, ekranze cocxlobda.
`sami sicocxle~ is realisturi
suraTia, romelmac qarTul kinematografs ganumtkica `wiTeli eSmakunebiT~
mopovebuli maRali reputacia, xolo
nato vaCnaZes saqveyno dideba moutana.
* * *
natos mier Sesrulebuli yoveli
axali roli misi axali aRsareba iyo.
am aRmavali artistuli gzis dasawyisSi SesaniSnavia fatis saxe reJisor
aleqsandre wuwunavas filmSi `vin
aris damnaSave~, romelmac msoflio
ekrani moiara saxelwodebiT `uald
vestis mxedari~.
nato vaCnaZe ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos
erTi ampluis kinovarskvlavad Tundac
imitom, rom igi cdilobda yovel axal
rolSi Seeqmna axali xasiaTi. `sawyenia - werda nato 1926 wels, rom Cems
mier gansaxierebuli rolebi erTferovania. me mixdeba pasiuri qarTveli
qalis rolis Sesruleba. iqneba imitom,
rom es cxovrebaSic asea - axali, aqtiuri qarTveli qali mxolod ibadeba~.
* * *
arada, nato vaCnaZe marTla iyo kinovarskvlavi.
1927 wels gamovida filmi `giuli~
Sio aragvispirelis moTxrobis mixedviT. aq Sexvdnen erTmaneTs axalgazrda

47

poeti, debiutanti reJisori nikoloz
Sengelaia da nato vaCnaZe, romelic
suraTSi mTavar rols asrulebda.
saerTo mizanswrafvam, uaxlesi xelovnebis - kinos Tadaviwyebulma siyvarulma, sulierad daanaTesava ori axalgazrda Semoqmedi. da moxda is, rac
TiTqmis, uTuod unda momxdariyo nato gaxda Sengelaias cxovrebis Tanamgzavri varskvlavi, Sengelaia ki - natos `cxovrebis reJisori~.
aRsaniSnavia, rom natom marjaniSvilis or suraTSi miiRo monawileoba:
`amokSi~ - asrulebda evropeli komersantis colis, `TeTri qalis~ rols,
xolo `krazanaSi~ asaxierebda axalgazrda mebrZol italiel qals - jemas.
imaT, visac nato vaCnaZis ampluad
pasiuri aRmosavleli qali miaCndaT,
zurgi Seaqcies `evropel~ natos. sxvani sxva azrisani iyvnen. magram, albaT,
ar SevcdebiT, Tu natoseul saxeebsac
vigulisxmebdiT im sityvebSi, marjaniSvils rom uTqvams Tavisi filmebis
gamo: `SesaZloa, es dadgmebi mcdari
iyo, magram arc erTi uferuli ar yofila~.
Semdgom iyo boSa qalis - maSas
saocrad plastikuri da vnebiT anTebuli ekranuli saxe-ieri filmSi `cocxali leSi~, sadac prostasovs asaxierebda Semdgom kinos klasikosad aRiarebuli vsevolod pudovkini. iyo ukrainul suraTSi `gareubnis kvartalSi~
garkveuli roli, romlis scenaric
mikola baJens ekuTvnoda - filmebs
iRebdnen moskovSi, berlinSi, kievSi...
nato mogzaurobda. natos SeeZlo enaxa ekranze amerikeli devid uork grifitis filmebi, romlebSic montaJi,
msxvili plani, moqmedebis paraleluri ganviTareba gaazrebuli iyo.
da ai, nato isev TbilisSia. STagonebuli, gamocdilebiT datvirTuli,
kvlav momxiblavi adis ekranze.
auxda aTi wlis winaT rom natrobda
- mxiaruli, aqtiuri qarTveli qalis
daxatva msurso. axali, naTeli cxovrebiseuli ferebiT qmnida igi kolmeurne qaliSvilebis - nanisa da naTelas saxeebs nikoloz Sengelaias filmebSi `narinjis veli~ da `samSoblo~.…
saocari ubraloebiT da momxibvleli sisadaviT daxata natom qarTveli
glexi qalis - marTas saxe film `qajanaSi~. aq pirvelad Seasrula dedis
roli, iTamaSa pirvelad da dauviwyarad. is iyo saxiereba im saocrad martivi, amasTan rTuli harmoniisa.
omis wlebSi ki, bevr sxva cnobil
xelovanTa msgavsad, natos Seudarebe-

48

li silamazis saxemac SeiZina mkacri
ieri da bunebrivad Seerwya im sabediswero pirquSi dReebis movlenaTa
panoramas, natos xSirad naxulobdnen
hospitalebSi, daWrilebs rom anugeSebda.
Semdeg, roca ukve kavkasionTan ismoda
omis griali, igi monawileobda imedian
filmSi `is kvlav dabrundeba~. mogvianebiT ki Tavad igonebda: iseTi SegrZneba mqonda, rom im wlebSi sul Cems
gverdiT idga sikvdili. da aki, auxda
SiSi - suraTis gadaRebisas moulodnelad gardaicvala reJisori nikoloz
Sengelaia. daRlilma gulma umtyuna
manqanis saWesTan, Tbilisisaken mimavals... civ Saraze, wvimaSi nabadze dasvenebuls dascqeroda `varskvlavi~ Tavisi `cxovrebis reJisors~ da meuRles.
amis Semdgom didxans aRar gamoCenila ekranze, magram sicocxlis trfialma da Semoqmedebis Jinma kvlav moabruna igi kinosaken.
iyo sxva rolebic...…
nato iyo pirveli qarTveli msaxiobi, romelic saerTaSoriso kinofestivalze moxvda.
* * *
Cvens legendas aqvs dasasrulic poeturad lamazi da sevdanarevi.
igi ambobs, rom meoTxedi saukune
iwvoda varkvlavi ekranze da Suqi ar
gakrTobiao. wlebmac vera daakleso
ra mis silamazes. da roca adamianebi
kinoxelovnebaSi ocdaxuTi wlis yofnisaTvis siyvarulis gvirgvins adgamdnen Tavze. igi ocnebobda ekranze daexata ekaterine WavWavaZe - geniosi baraTaSvilis poeturi siyvaruli.
magram ver moeswro...
ormocdacametSi gazeTebi iuwyebodnen mwuxare ambavs - haerSi, TviTmfrinavis katastrofam imsxverpla varskvlavi. bedisweraa - TviTmfrinavs, romliTac nato donis rostovidan Tbilisisaken gamofrinda, swored nikoloz
Sengelaias mSobliuri soflis Tavze
moxvda Weqa-quxili da daiRupa.
da iyo raRac mSvenieric da Semzaravi caSi amaRlebul am sikvdilSi. ase
miefara Tvals...
mkvdaric aravis unaxavs...
- daiwva, gaqra...
* * *
axla isev vaTvaliereb fotosuraTebs - nato cxovrebaSi, nato rolebSi...
uamravia, ai, fotograf Sixmanis gadaRebuli suraTi, romliTac nato kinoSi
miiwvies. saocaria, ubralod fotom
razom STagonebas daudo saTave!…
ai, nato cxovrebaSi, swored iseTi,
rogoric maxsovs, rogoric minaxavs.

49

* * *
es mxedvelobis darRvevaa Tu...
mokled, mTeli dRea adamianebi saSinlad mepataravebian. diliT flaSingSi
viyavi. vake adgilia da gzaze rom midixar manqaniT, horizontamde xedav
rom aqeT-iqiT orsarTuliani Senobebis
garda araferi dgas. xoda, yovel SuqniSanze gaCerebisas, gavyurebdi win am
dabal Senobebs, manqanebs, adamianebs da
saSinlad mepataraveboda yvelaferi.
vaime, ra pawawina xar adamiano!
netav Semoabotebdes aq, vinme didi
tanis da iseT ferebSi gamowyobili,
romelic am ubans, Tavisi ferebiT naxSiriT daxatul grafikul namuSevars
rom gavs, vidre adamianebiT dasaxlebul adgils, - gaaxalisebda. agvaxmaurebda am patara WianWvelebs, romlebic
ase uazrod vmoZraobT patar Senobebs
Soris. erTs gamogitydebiT, rom Tu
manhetenze ar cxovrob, sakmaod mosawyeni, erTferovani da momabezrebelia
niu-iorki.
manhetenze, adamiani taniT kidev ufro patara Cans caTambjenebis fonze,
magram roca aanalizeb, rom irgvliv
rasac xedav, misi namoqmedaria, maSin
es Senobebic ki Tavs gikraven pativiscemis niSnad.
ara, es ruxi ca mainc gaxsniliyo
da oqrosferi fxvnili Camoyriliyo!…raRac saintereso mindoda momxdariyo,…iseTi rac sunTqvas Semikravda
da sinanuls gamoiwvevda CemSi, rom am
saocrebas marto Seveswari.… axla ki,
sulac ar mwydeboda guli, rom Tqveni
Tvalebi ver xedavdnen imas, rasac me
vxedav. piriqiT, maTi mSurda visi Tvalebic axla yazbegSia, bakurianSi, TbilisSi,
mcxeTaSi, siRnaRSi, baTumSi... sadac
arasdros araferia ruxi feris! yovel
SemTxvevaSi CemTvis.

sul
sxvanairi

irina

irina miqaberiZes yvela icnobs Cvens diasporaSi - `Tvistomis~
samedicino jgufis xelmZRvanels. magram, sul sxvanairi irinas gacnoba
mogiwevT Cveni Jurnalis mkiTxvelebs dRes.
`feisbukSi~, statusebad gabneul patara CanaxatebSi, dRes rom saxeldaxelod agikinZeT, sCans TeTr xalaTis miRma damaluli talanti, romlis
gaRviZebasac vapirebT am beWduri debiutiT Cveni Jurnalis furclebze.

* * *
Cems ezoSi putkuna, oqrosTmiani, oqrosguliani da saerTodac yvelaze
naTeli da kargi biWi, giga, cxovrobda.
vicodi, rom deda `sxvagan~ hyavda da
bebo zrdida. me, amis gamo kidev ufro
miyvarda. ezoSi Tu vinme moxucs daxmareba da yuradReba sWirdeboda, yvelas imedi giga da misi daiko iyvnen.
mTel dReebs ezoSi vatarebdiT daRamebamde. xandaxan, speqtaklebsac vdgamdiT. periodulad SevikribebodiT da

50

`mziurSi~ mivdiodiT - Cvengan gansxvavebiT `profesionali msaxiobis~, patara
gigas speqtaklis sanaxavad.
rom gavizardeT, nel-nela davSordiT bavSvebi erTmaneTs, mere gavTxovdi
da didxans aRaravin myavda nanaxi.
wlebis Semdeg Cems ezoSi rom davbrundi, ratomRac, yvelasTan meuxerxuleboda dakontaqteba. didi xnis emigranti rom ukan dabrundebi da Sens
adgils akvirdebi, isev Semogenaxa Tu
balaxi amovida zed, egre viyavi...

erT dResac, SuSis msxvrevis xma
gavige. gadavixede ezoSi da davinaxe
giga, gakvirvebuli rom iyureboda fanjridan.…gavbede da gavZaxe, ra moxdaTqo. `fanjridan SuSa gadavarda TavisiTo~, - mi pasuxa.
cioda... mec axali Catexili da
Casmuli mqonda. amodi, didi naWeri
momrCa da SuSis saWrelic maqvs-Tqo.
mokled, ukve gamocdili var, amodi da
mogexmarebi-Tqo. gaukvirda da gauxarda. bevri vicineT, erTi dRis intervaliT Camsxvreul SuSebze da Cems `SuSismWrelobaze~. …
mas mere aRar minaxavs. gavige, rom
aivnidan gadavardnila, SemTxveviT.
giga! raze gamaxsendi axla da...
televizori CavrTe da dilis gadacemaSi Seni saxeli axsenes. didi gamofena mogiwyves da ori winadadebiT
Tqves, rom Zalian Rrma namuSevrebi
gaqvs da adre waxvedi. sanam gavigebdi
rom Senze iyo laparaki, sisxli gayinuli mqonda. ar megona, Tu ase ganvicdidi
Sens xsenebas... netav Tu ician, rom
yvelaze oqrosferTmiani, lamazi, sayvareli, Tbili, yuradRebiani da wesieri
adamiani waxvedi?! gamaxsenda. Seni iRliaSi amoCrili furclebi... neta xuTi
wuTiT momaxvedra mag gamofenaze... ramden rames wavikiTxavdi da vicnobdi
Cemi da Seni bavSvobidan.
* * *
bakurianSi, agvistos bolos Tibva
iwyeboda. es iyo Cemi yvelaze sayvareli
dro. dRisiT - mze qarvisfer bululebs koconiviT abrialebda gadaxotril mindorze; saRamos darajebiviT
idgnen, bundovnad Candnen, nislSi wverebi
ar mouCandaT, magram soflis misadgomebTan Semoseuli piramidebiviT idgnen...

dRe sjobda Rames... gaeqanebodi da, am
erTi SexedviT RunRula bululSi
Caebertyebodi zurgiT. arc ise rbili
aRmoCndeboda, dagkawravda, gatkenda...
iSorebdi Tmidan, piridan, isresdi natken
SiSvel mklavebs, magram mainc ver Cerdebodi... suni, silaRe... ar vici, zustad
ra, magram miuxedavad diskomfortisa,
mainc mogwonda, bednierebas ganiWebda.
asea cxovrebac... bululiviT... gtkens, magram mainc ar gwyindeba, rom measejer gaeqano da Caeflo Sig... ver elevi suns, silaRes, sigiJes da ginda
rom sul ase iyo - dakawruli, magram
momRimari da bednieri!
P.S. Tormeti welia vzuzuneb - buCqi
da xe miyvars, menatreba Cemi qalaqisTqo da vercerTxel movifiqre rom gamexvia da wamomeRo...
* * *
bebiaCems Cemi kabebi nikelis sawolis ganier rkinaze ise mowesrigebulad hqonda gadakidebuli, gamoZroba
dagenaneboda... Tumca gardauvali iyo.
gamoaZro (me ar mandobda am saqmes),
gadamacva, Cavicvi sandlebi, xis qoxidan gavedi da samyaros SevuerTdi misiiT - dRevandel dRes ablabudebi
unda daviaro da yvela mweri gavaTavisuflo!
Sesvenebaze saxlSi mivbrundi, ara
nebayoflobiT, ra Tqma unda da mere
isev Cems saqmes davubrundi...
- obobas nu moklav, bebo, mgzavrs
niSnavso, - momaZaxa.
saRamomde muxlCauxrelad viSrome,
mere mombezrda da daRlili vera babos
WiSkris win gogoebs SevuerTdi. mec

mindoda momefiqrebina tyuili da momeyola, ra magari var (rogorc meore
gogo, sqel yviTelnawnaviani lenka ityueboda). ver movifiqre da saxlSi wamovedi. saxlSi mibrunebuls, bebo wamowolili damxvda, wamoxta, Cai damisxa.
`mTeli dRe gavardnili xar bebo gareT,
loyebi dagewva am mwerebis devnaSi,
modi Wame da davwveTo~...
bebo... rogor minda, rom kidev erTxel wamoxte CemTvis.
rom icode, axla ramdeni xnis gavardnili var gareT da rogori daRlili... oRond loyebi ki aRar mewveba,
mifermkrTaldeba... tyuilis Tqma isev
ver viswavle, mwerebs ki isev vaTavisufleb, oRond roca gzaze Semxvdeba.
lenkas tyuilebi aRar momismenia mas
mere da axla davjdebodi da vitirebdi masTan erTad. isic bebosTan Cadioda bakurianSi da mec. albaT, masac
Zalian enatreba is dro...
anda, davdgebodi axla nikelis sawolze muxlebiT, nikelis patara burTulebs movuSvebdi da davamagrebdi,
movuSvebdi da davamagrebdi da uazrod
vicinebdi. mere ra, rom obobebs sibrazisgan ar sZinavT... samagierod bavSvi
mwerebi saxlebSi dabrundnen bebo mwerebTan da isinic daiZineben CemTan erTad...
* * *
bebiaCemi TeTreulis recxvisas lilas xmarobda.
vuyurebdi am fers da saSinlad mwydeboda guli, rom am silamazes CemTvis
esoden umniSvnelo datvirTva hqonda.
pirvelad timoTesubnis eklesiis

51

kedlebze vi pove lilisferi da cas
vewie sixarulisgan.
ox, bebo, bebo! ras niSnavs xatva
rom ar ici. xom vicodi rom es feri
ar iyo mxolod zewrisTvis da baliSispirisTvis gankuTvnili.
es eklesiis cis feri iyo! eklesias
yovelTvis Zalian lamazi ca aqvs da
iqidan yovelTvis isini gviyureben, visi
danaxvac sul gvainteresebs, visac sul
vemudarebiT da vemadlierebiT.
Zalian Sors wavedi. me rom didi
gogo gavizrdebi, viyidi lilisfer
kabas, romelsac oqrosferi manebi exateba. axla, visac ar ginaxavT, ganaxebT
merab abramiSvilis naxats da zed
timoTesubnis gumbaTsac mivayoleb.
Tumca, icodeT, rom bebos zewari yvelafers mirCevnia - is Cemi naxaticaa,
rwmenac da rogorc aRmoCnda, liliT
Sesrulebuli yvelaze Zvirfasi namuSevaric.
arafris meored naxvas ise ar vnatrob, da SegrZnebas, rogorc misi gamzadebuli TeTreulis.
* * *
maka Cemze erTi wliT didi iyo. 13
wlis viqnebodi, is 14. lentexSi viyaviT, masTan. is didgula da mamaci iyo,
didi tanis. masTan SedarebiT me patara
viyavi, magram Cemi wili simamace arc
me maklda.
mokled, uarvyaviT gogooba da varT
biWebi. irgvliv camde mTebi gvartyia,
davdivarT wyaroze, vuyurebT ZaRlebis Cxubs da SigadaSig saqmis garCevebsac veswrebiT, vereviT kidec, sadamdec
xeli migviwvdeba.
erT usaqmur da Cum saRamos, uazrod
bodialSi, kinoSi aRmovCndiT. ra gvindoda iq (sadac dRe kabiani gogoebi
dadiodnen da Rame marto biWebi), kacma
ar icis. mokled SevediT. Zlivs vsun-

52

Tqavdi. abanoebis Caixanas gavda iqauroba. bevri kaci iyo da amitomac buRi idga. did kedelze ki ekranizebuli, umberto ekos `vardis saxeli~
gadioda. cota xans gavuZeliT.
maleve mivxvdi, rom im wuTas, iq gogo viyavi da kidev ufro damZimda haeri uxerxulobisgan. maleve gamovipareT. mivxvdiT, rom biWebi ar viyaviT,
magram erTmaneTisTvis ar gagvimxelia.
maka maleve gardaicvala. me ki imden
xans vicocxle, rom erTxel kidev momiwia gogoobis uaryofa. Tumca, axlac
vici rom biWi ar var, magram gamxela
isev miWirs. iqneb, ufro patarebic viyaviT maSin?…
dRes, TiTqmis 30 wlis Semdeg, Zlivs
vuyure filmis damTavrebas. miWirs
raRacis damTavreba imis gareSe, visTan
erTadac daviwye.…`ra mSvidi iqneboda
da ra wynari cxovreba adso siyvarulis gareSe, magram ra arasaintereso~.
* * *
erTi bebo pranWia myavda - xaverdis
abadokiT, bewvis sayeloiani karakulis
SubiT da redikuliT dadioda. oqros
broSiT hqonda Sifonis bluzis bafTa
yelTan damSvenebuli da lamaz fafuk
xelze safironis Tvliani beWedi mudam ekeTa.
meore beboc pranWia iyo - oRond
ara CacmulobiT, aramed manerebiT. moridebuli da pranWia. tuCebi sul mopruwkuli hqonda. icoda, rom sicili
uxdeboda. iRbali xSirad ar aZlevda
gacinebis Sanss, magram Tu gaicinebda,
Rirda sanaxavad - gadaikiskisebda da
broliviT kbilebi uCanda. WaRara Tma
hqonda da arasdros SeuRebia. emigraciaSi rom wamovedi, maleve gardaicvala. ver Sevirge is, rasac sul vnatrobdi: didobaSi erTad vyofiliyaviT
da xelis gulze metarebina.

gadavuxvie. sul am mimarTulebiT
mivyavar xolme am Temas. arada, imis
Tqma mindoda, amerikaSi rom Camovedi,
pirveli, rac TvalSi momxvda, aqauri
moxucebis yofa-cxovreba iyo. erTxel,
axal Camosuls, quCaSi amomidga iaguaris markis manqana, saidanac marto gamxmari xelebi sCanda - saWeze mouxerxeblad, xelTaTmanebiviT Camokidebuli.
kargad rom davakvirdi, moxuci qali marTavda manqanas. TiTqmis yoveli
meore manqana moxuci qalis gankargulebaSi iyo long-ailendze. maRaziebic,
gansakuTrebiT Macy's maTi samflobeloa. yiduloben, miaqvT, nawils itoveben,
nawils abruneben, - mokled, saqmeSi
arian.
risTvis yiduloben, TviTonac ar
ician. ubralod, erTobian. silamazis
salonSi dResac rom Sevdivar, yvelaze
axalgazrda me var. arada, wlebia davdivar. paraskev-SabaTs cxvirs ver Seyof
- sxedan da ifueben SeTxelebul Tmas,
ikeTeben manikur-pedikurs da emzadebian
uikendisTvis.
Cemo bebo! ginatre erTi-orjer, magram ara Tmis asafueblad.
me Seni talRovani, TeTri Tma, ukan
kosad Sekruli da Savi SpilkebiT
damagrebuli yvelafers mirCevnia. ubralod, mindoda genaxa, ra sasacilod
gamoiyurebian es moxucebi - sasacilo
da sayvarlebi.
Sen ki sxvanairad sayvareli da lamazi iyavi, - arasasacilod. mSvidi, lamazi,
dardiani, TeTrTmiani da Taflisferi
TvalebiT, dakobsili cxviriT da lamazi tuCebiT.
saSinlad menatrebi. kidev kargi, rom
es moxucebi sulac ar maxseneben Sens
Tavs. sul momwonda `movlili~ qali.

axla ki vuyureb da mecineba, - ra unda waisvan da ra unda gaikeTon, rom
Senamde movidnen? qarTveli qaliviT
lamazi da Sarmiani xom aravinaa.
da qarTvel beboze namdvili da
kargi bebo msoflioSi ar arsebobs!
arauSavs. erT dRes gnaxav da mogiyvebi yvelafers. mere erTad vikiskisoT!
* * *
axla, raRacas vityvi...
araa aucilebeli yvela dameTanxmoT! welis malebze gavikeTe operacia. sul mawuxebda es weli da sul
miSlida xels eklesiaSi siarulSi.
davdiodi, magram SerbeniT. arada, xandaxan gaCereba minda da ara Serbena.
dRes berZnul eklesiaSi vijeqi.
ukeT vfiqrobdi RmerTze da wuTisofelze, vidre weli rom mtanjavs da
fexze damdgari viklaknebi xolme. CvenTanac dgas saqarTvelos eklesiebSi
skamebi, oRond mifarebulSi da ZiriTadad moxucebi sxedan. Tan sul raRac
damnaSaved vgrZnob Tavs an invalidad,
roca vzivar da yvela dgas. arada, vkvdebi ise miWirs dgoma.
ra moxdeba rom erT eklesiaSi daidgas skamebi. ufro meti moxuci miva
Tavis sulis simSvidisTvis da ufro
meti `Cemnairi~, welmtkivani da klaustrofobi. dResaswaulebis dros SeuZlebelia Cemi iq misvla. viWylitebi,
haeri ar myofnis da cudad vxdebi.
xmas ar davZravdi, magram roca bevri
eklesia Sendeba, moridebulad vikiTxe,
ra moxdeba erTSi rom davdgaT skamebi.
axlis aSenebas ar viTxov.
* * *
axlac ar miyvars `daiZines~ rom
meubnebian.
patara rom viyavi, `daiZine~ CemTvis
`mokvdis~ tolfasi iyo. am dros qreboda Suqi da wesiT unda movmkvdariyavi.
arada, maSin iwyeboda cxovreba - ori
qveyana iyo erT oTaxSi - sabnisqveSeTi da sabniszedeTi.
sabnisqveSeTSi meore ojaxi myavda,
Ramis ojaxi. mTavari es araa. eg calke
ambavia, iq ra xdeboda. mTavari isaa,
rom iqac mTavrdeboda cxovreba - iRlebodi da gareT gamodiodi sabnisqveSeTidan.
sabniszedeTSi ki bneloda da marto viyavi. iq zurgze viweqi sul.
gadatrialebis meSinoda. darwmunebuli viyavi, gadavtrialdebodi Tu ara,
zurgs ukan `is~ saSiSi TvalebiT damiwyebda yurebas.
vin? ar mkiTxoT! dResac ar vicnob.
xoda, zurgze viweqi da maRla viyurebodi. maSin Weri Zalian Sors iyo da

vcdilobdi, TvalebiT miwvdomodi. uceb
Werze gadairbenda Suqi, rasac fexdafex moyveboda garedan Semosuli manqanis xma, mere isev Suqi, mere isev manqanis xma.
aaa! mivxvdi! manqana Suqs misdevs!
Suqi Semoirbenda Cems oTaxSi, gadairbenda Werze da gauCinardeboda. gawbilebuli manqana Caiqrolebda da sadRac
Sors, am Suqis Zebnas agrZelebda.
me kmayofili viyavi! ver miagno,…sadRac CemTan daimala,…xval vnaxav,…axla ver avdgebi. sibnelis meSinia.…ase
darbodnen Suqebi Cems Werze periodulad da uCinardebodnen,…gaSmagebuli manqanebi ki daqrodnen qalaqSi da
eZebdnen maT.
ra kargia, rom Suqebis gadarCena
SemiZlia! aravis da arafris didebiT
ar vetyvi rom davinaxe! dilas, albaT,
yvela erTad ikribeba, dRis Suqze veRar xedavdnen manqanebi da isinic mSvidad daiarebodnen. icodnen, rom Rame
rac ar unda momxdariyo, yovelTvis
SeeZloT Cems oTaxSi Semovardna, Werze
gadarbena da damalva.
amitom unda dawve droze. ra vici,
iqneb darbian da versad imalebian.
* * *
koncerts vuyureb da gamaxsenda.
mTeli bavSoba veWidavebodi akordeons. mindoda esunTqa. mecodeboda, mkvdari rom ido. adamianiviTaa, Tu ar asunTqe, mkvdaria. rogorc ki gaSli filtvebiviT da daiwyebs sunTqvas, egreve
mzadaa bgerebis amosaSvebad. TiTqos
Jangbads CaisunTqavs da naxSiroJangs
amoisunTqavs. am dros iwyebs an sevdian
moyolas, ras ganicdida roca ar sunTqavda, an ki mxiarulia da uxaria sicocxle. uxaria, axlidan rom sunTqavs.…
`modi bebo, ras eWidavebi magas. Senxelaa xom xedav. modi pianinoze daukari~. ra icoda bebiaCemma, rom am dros
reanimaciul RonisZiebebs vatarebdi
da keTili akordeonis sicocxlis
gadasarCenad vibrZodi.
dRes bebos foto gadmomigzavnes
akordeoniT!
* * *
fexSi moirtyam! fexSi moirtyam! da ise wavida, rom Tibva ar maswavla.
arada, ise uyvarda, rom sul mainteresebda ras grZnobda am dros.
TbilisSi, svaneTidan saswavleblad
wamosuli emigranti iyo. seriozuli
`lavsToris~ Semdeg daqorwinda ZirZveli da SeZlebuli Tbiliselis erTaderT qaliSvilze. Cemxela, ukve profesori iyo, akademikosic male gaxda,
magram... isev ise Tibavda... armazSi Tu

bakurianSi - yvelgan erTnairi TavdaviwyebiT Tibavda.
me megona, Tibva uyvarda. axlaRa
vxvdebi, rom TibviT mis svaneTs da
bavSvobas ubrundeboda. yvelaferi aviwydeboda irgvliv celis qnevis dros...
iq iyo aSkarad... patara da fexSiSveli... neta, cota ufro didi vyofiliyavi maSin, - ra siamovnebiT Cavuyofdi
cxvirs da ra siyvaruliT movufaTurebdi xels siRrmeebSi... uars ar metyoda! dResac mgonia, rom yvelaze metad
me vuyvardi - pirveli SviliSvili.
Tibvas ki mainc viswavli. ukve Cemi
bavSvobacaa.
* * *
adamiani, rom izrdebi, Seni bavSvobis ocnebebi gaviwydeba... ggonia, rom
sasaciloa da sulelobaa did asakSi
im ocnebebis axdena.
ramdenime dRis win parkSi vseirnobdi. moRrubluli amindi iyo da irgvliv zamTrisgan gadanacrisferebuli
xeebi da nacrisferi ca SemaRoneblad
erTferovnad moCanda. SemeSinda. nacrisferi mec var axla da xom SeiZleba,
ver gamomarCion da veRar daminaxon
adamianebma-Tqo.
saxlSi wamosasvlelad Semovbrundi.
uceb Sors, mama-Svili davinaxe - caSi
frani hqondaT gaSvebuli. es frani,
feradi konvertiviT dafrinavda caSi,
TiTqos SigniTac feradi werili ido.
gamaxsenda, rogor davaTrevdi, patara
rom viyavi, Toks. vawebebdi ferad furclebs, gamovabamdi am Toks da davaxoxebdi miwaze. verasodes gavafrine frani.
axla ki, saxalxod vwer da pirobas
vdeb, rom me am zafxuls avafren frans,
avixden bavSvobis ocnebas da yvelaze
bednieri viqnebi.

53

- WaRis dasamagrebeli erT dolarad viyideT, - Tqva elenem.
- CemsaSi ocdaaTi centi gadavixade.
- ai, es sasmelebis karadaa.
- namdvili xe Tua, kargia, - daeWvda
misi klivendoni, - saaTi rogoria?
- SigniT warwera aqvs.
elenem oTaxi gadmoWra da saaTis
kari gamoaRo.
- gamarjobaT, - vTqvi me da saaTidan
gamovedi, - sacuraod vapirebdi wasvlas,
magram SevamCnie, rom saaTi xuTi wuTiT
ukan rCeboda. cota SevakeTe. ukve kargad imuSavebs.
elenem stumari gamacno.
- uh, - amoixvneSa misis klivendonma, roca Cemi gvari gaigona, - mec ase
vifiqre, - man xmadabla Caaxvela, TiTqos
uxamsi ramis Tqmas apirebso da mkiTxa:
- Tqven ucxoeli xarT? rusi?
- ara, madam! me qarTveli var.
- ho, maSin Tavadi iqnebiT. mgoni,
yvelani Tavadebi xarT.
- ara, madam! me glexi var!
- getyobaT, Zalian Tavmdabali xarT.
sxvebi yvelani Tavadobas Cemoben.
- Cemi papis mamac da ufro adre,
papis papis papac glexebi iyvnen. ase
Tu mivyvebiT, noemde sul glexebad
mivalT.
- noemde?
- ho! igi araratze gadajda. vfiqrob, wakiTxuli geqnebaT. mere iq gadasaxlda, sadac Cvena vcxovrobT. ufro
mSrali adgilia.
- aha! mivxvdi, bibliis noe. axla
miTxariT, mogwonT es patara kuTxe?
vuTxari, rom mogvwonda. elenem Cveni
saqmianoba auwera. me bodiSi movuxade
- zeviT aval da tansacmels CavicvammeTqi. roca ukan davbrundi, elenes
sasadilo oTaxisaken mihyavda misis
klivendoni. TefSebze namcxvrebi ewyo,
yavadani mxiarulad TuxTuxebda.
- yoCaR, qeTi, - Tqva elenem, - yvelaferi gaumzadebia. aq dabrZandebiT, misis klivendon?
magram, etyoba, elene ufro metad
Relavda, vidre amCnevda. ase rom ar
yofiliyo, SeamCnevda, rom qeTi beilis
amzadebda da misis klivendons simindis qafqafa viskis aRar dausxamda.
misis klivendoni gayviTlda.
- vfiqrob, rom Cemi wasvlis droa,
- igi wamodga, - me erT adgilas var
misasvleli. sxva dros iyos, - misis
klivendonma xelTaTmanebi wamokrifa.
karamde mivacileT.
- Zalian mwyins, rom ver moicadeT,
- vuTxari me, - Zalian gTxovT, kvlav
moxvideT. meored, imedia, Tqveni qmris

54

redaqtorisagan:

giorgi da helen papaSvilebis `yvelaferi SeiZleba
moxdes~ avtobiografiuli novelebis krebulia.
igi inglisur enaze daiwera da pirvelad 70 wlis winaT,
1944 wels gamoica. dRemde am wignis 20-milionamde egzemplaria gayiduli, Cvidmetjer gamoica amerikaSi, iTargmna italiur, frangul, norvegiul, daniur enebze. gadaRebulia amave saxelwodebis filmadac holivudSi.
wigni gvixatavs 1930-iani wlebis qarTveli emigrantis
cxovrebas da amav dros glexis TvaliT danaxul amerikas.
anTologiaSi, msoflios 50 saukeTeso wigns Soris,
romelSic yvelaze ukeT aisaxa amerika - jek londonis,
ficjeraldis, selinjeris da hemingueis gverdiT SexvdebiT
am wignsac.
gacnobis bedniereba meqneba.
- mister klivendoni sami wlis
win davkarge.
- uaRresad samwuxaroa. imedia ipoviT. ramdenadac vici, qmrebi yovelTvis
ganzrax ikargebian (raRaciT xom unda
gamemxnevebina misis klivendoni).
- naxvamdis, naxvamdis.
elenem Zlivs moiTmina, sanam misis
klivendoni manqanaSi Cajdeboda.
- magisi qmari mokvda, Sen ki, RmerTo
Cemo, imedi mieci, naxavo.
saqanelas amofarebuli qeTi CvenTan
movarda, - madloba RmerTs yvelaferi
gaTavdao, - wamoiZaxa.
- ratom ar miTxariT, ratom ar gamagebineT rom qvrivia? - vusayvedure
orives.
- ai, eg beberi... - Tqva qeTim da Robes wixli hkra.
- mec mag azrisa var, - Tqva elenem.
- axalgazrdebi xarT da geiolebaT.
marto rom darCeT, magaze uares dReSi
CavardebiT.
ezoSi gamovvardi da manqanas veci.
misis klivendoni is-is iyo WiSkarSi
gadioda. fanjaraSi Tavi Sevrge:
- momiteveT, ar vicodi, Tu qvrivi
iyaviT. rodis inebebT geaxloT da
SeSa SegitanoT sardafSi.
- SeSa?
- albaT, SeSis Semzidavi gyavT, ara?
moxvna? roca dagWirdebaT, moval.
- moxvna?
- bodiSs vixdi. me ar vici, ra saqmianobas eweviT aq. winaT arasodes
micxovria fermaSi. Cven samSobloSi
wesad gvaqvs, qvrivebs erTi dRe mivexmaroT, magram Tqven Tu sxvanairi wesi
gaqvs, me didi siamovnebiT gaviReb Cem

wvlils. ra saxiTac ar unda iyos.
- ara, madlobeli var! Zalian didi
madloba, - misis klivendonma gaiRima
(amas ki verasodes warmovidgendi), jerjerobiT me TviTon vuZRvebi saqmes.
sxvaTa Soris, im kviras geclebaT Tqven
da Tqvens meuRles, rom mewvioT?
vewvieT da mis Semdeg kargad davmegobrdiT. xSiri misvla-mosvla gvqonda
erTmaneTSi da erTxel, roca ukve ZvelisZveli nacnobebi viyaviT, misis klivendonma miTxra:
- iciT, pirvelad rom gnaxeT, raRac
ver gagigeT. vifiqre...
- sruliad gasagebia, misis klivendon, nu mebodiSebiT. Tqven loTebi
gegoneT, Cven ki vifiqreT, rom Tqvenze
avi qali aRaravin SeiZleba iyos. bolos da bolos, ra moxda, Secdoma
yvelas mosdis.
miwas ver moatyueb

mTeli im xnis ganmavlobaSi, rac
virjiniaSi vcxovrobdi, erTi saxis
qimiur preparats viwerdi germaniidan da sabeWdi manqanis melans vakeTebdi. albaT, sikvdilamde am melnis
gayidviT vicxovrebdi, germaniaSi momxdari ambebi rom momwoneboda. axla ki,
aba rogorRa SemeZlo gamegzavna fuli
preparatis sayidlad da sindisi damSvidebuli mqonoda.
jer vifiqre, Cems centebs ra mniSvneloba aqvs-meTqi. me erTi var, aba,
ras warmoadgens erTi kaci? magram
Semdeg Wkuam mikarnaxa: erTi kaci Tumca
erTi kacia, sxva gza unda meZebna Tavis
gasatanad. gadavwyvite miwaTmoqmedeba
damewyo.
pirveli, rac gamovarkvie, is iyo,

rom Tu fulis Sovna ginda, qaTmebi
ar unda moaSeno. magram amis gamosarkvevad aTasi dolari da erTi weli davxarje. qaTmebi friad quruxi cxovelebi arian, sasikvdilod kortnian erTmaneTs. amas garda cetebic arian: dafarTxunoben, SfoTaven, kriaxoben da simarTle Tu gindaT, TviTonve patiJoben
meliebs, ZaRlebs, skunsebs da sindiofalebs, mogvitaceTo.
- damijere, qaTmis danaxva aRar SemiZlia, - vuTxari elenes im dRes, roca bolo galia gavyideT, - ukan kobianTkarSi rom davbrundebi, iqneb damijeron radiosa da metropolitenis
arseboba, iqneb empaier steit bildingi
da avtomatebic irwmunon, magram, arasodes damijereben, rom amerikaSi qaTmebs
saTvales ukeTeben, rom maT Tunuqis
kabebs acmeven, raTa erTmaneTi ar daWamon. arafriT daijereben!
qaTmebis Semdeg Txebis moSeneba vcade. neta ratom ver ewyoba adamiani
Txas? maT abreSumiviT priala bewvi,
nazi tuCebi da faqizi mada aqvT - aq
qorfa RvarZlas wawiwknis, iq erT bRuja
rZian balaxs geaxlebaT. mere madis
gasaxsnelad oriode foTols daayolebs an mware Reros gaReWavs. xan ki
samyuras TiTo kvirtebs gasinjavs ise arCevs mindorSi saWmels, gegoneba,
kafeteriis daxliao. amasTan rZesac
iZlevian - mTlad naRebia. meti raRa
unda kacs? magram verc am rZes da verc misgan gakeTebul gemriel yvels
veravis mihyidi. raRaca eCvenebaT: Txebs
suni udiso - amboben. adamianebs ra,
naklebi suni udiT?
Semdeg mefutkreoba vcade, mere simindis moyvana, mere cxvrebi, xorbali, Rorebi, seli. guldasmiT davamuSave sasoflo-sameurneo biuletinebi da sul
male TiTqmis aRaraferi damrCa sacdeli, Tu saeqsporto xmel xils da dedali farSevangebis moSenebas ar CavTvliT (Tumca aqedan mxolod qinZisTavis safasursa da siamovnebis miReba
SeiZleboda).
sadRac Secdoma davuSvi, magram sad?
fermis brali ar aris, radgan miwa
noyieria da nakadulamde zomieri daqaneba aqvs. ese igi, me TviTona var damnaSave. iqneb sakmaod muyaiTad ar vmuSaob?
marTlac, amerikaSi zog saqmeSi SegiZlia waiyalTabando, mTeli mondomebiT
ar imuSavo, magram miwas ver moatyueb
da, etyoba, Cemi miwac Seuracxyofilad grZnobda Tavs.
amitom gadavwyvite erTxel kidev
mecada bedi - mTlianad Cavxvnodi miwas
da mTeli energia CameTesa Sig.

anduyafar WeiSviliseuli Targmani

magram ra moviyvano? xan ra vifiqre
da xan ra. gazafxuli axlad damdgari iyo, roca sasadiloSi viRaceebis
saubars movkari yuri. isini Tesvaze
laparakobdnen. Cemma mezobelma mister glidenma Tqva:
- pamidori! pamidori Zalian sarfiania. dagiravebuli saxli gamovixseni
da saxuravic gavuaxle. kidev meti kanalizaciis ormoc amovTxare. es yvelaferi pamidoris wyalobaa!
Zalian davinteresdi da vkiTxe, sada
hyidiT-meTqi.
- sakonservo kompania yidulobso, mi pasuxa viRacam.
- romeli kompania?
- tomatis kompania, - miTxra mis-

ter glidenma, - magram me imaTTan ar
viWer saqmes. dok-stritis bazarze vyidi. sezonis dasawyisSi erT dolars
an xandaxan dolar-naxevarsac viRebT
TiTo kalaTaSi, mere ki, pamidoris molevamde, italielebi TiTo urikaSi 25
cents maZleven, ketCisaTvis yiduloben.
- ketCisaTvis?
- ho, ketCupisaTvis, Semwvar kartofils rom asxamen xolme.
- pamidori Cemi saqme yofila, - vuTxari elenes imave Rames, - SesaniSnavi
bostneulia; Tavisi meoba gaaCnia. Tan
imuSaveb da Tan Tvals asiamovneb.
martis Sua ricxvebSi Teslebis
kompanias SekveTa gavugzavneT. maT CiTilebi mogvimzades da maisSi, jersiSi

55

rom CavediT CiTilebis Camosatanad,
isini ukve 15-20 gojis simaRlisani
iyvnen. zogs ki ukve esxa patar-patara
pamidvrebi.
miwa ukve damuSavebuli hqonda. dargva mister glidenma maswavla. paloebi movamzadeT - mZime da mrude joxebi.
wverze TiTberi hqonda gadakruli.
ormos vTxridiT, Sig CiTils vdebdiT
da miwas mivatkepnidiT xolme. Semdeg
wyals movasxamdiT da axla meore CiTilis dargvas SevudgebodiT. ramdenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi balerinebiviT
vcekvavdiT. ormos CaTxra, Cargva, datkepna, morwyva, ormo, Cargva, tkepna, morwyva...
CiTilebma kargad ixara. orjer
ise guldagul gavafxviere miwa, rom
muq wablisfer xaliCas davamgvane da
Zalian Seuracxyofilad vgrZnobdi
Tavs, roca sadme sarevela gabedavda
Tavis amoyofas.
ivlisSi pirveli mosavali davkrife. ormoci kalaTa gamovida. maSinve
dok-stritze gavaqane, Rame bazarSi gavaTie da dilas TiTo kalaTa TiTo
dolarad gavyide. kargi fasi iyo.
magram meore kviras mazanda daeca
da amave dros pamidorma ise swrafad
daiwyo damwifeba, rom iZulebuli gavxdi, biWi ameyvana damxmared. biWi krefda, me ki vfuTavdi.
mTavari Cawyoba iyo.
- saukeTesoebi yovelTvis ZirSi
Caawyve da muStrebs imden xans SeirCen,
sanam pamidvris moyvanis Zala geyofao,
- miTxra mister glidenma, roca pirveli mosavali davkrife da TiTqmis mTeli dRe Semogvwira, rom restoranSi
gasagzavni kalaTebis momzadeba eswavlebina:
fskerze wriulad valagebdiT mwvane pamidvrebs da centrSi erT did pamidors vdebdiT, Semdeg meore rigs vawyobdiT, Semdeg mesames, meoTxes... sanam
pirTamde ar aivseboda: muqi mwvane, baci
mwvane, Ria vardisferi, marjnisferi,
Ria wiTeli, alisferi. bolo ori rigi Zalian mwife unda yofiliyo, rom
mzareuls qveda pamidvrebis damwifebamde isini exmara. erTi sityviT, mTeli
xelovneba iyo.
Sua agvistos mere pamidori zRvad
gaskda. sadRa iyo imisi dro, rom
dok-stritze vmdgariyav da fasze mejanjla - Sin unda gavqceuliyav da axali
partia damekrifa. mere kvlav bazarSi,
Sin, bazarSi, Sin... kviraSi sam Rames
meZina, Tavs bednierad vTvlidi. sadilze Canglis pirTan mitanas ver vaswrebdi
- meyvinTeboda xolme. sul ufro da

56

ufro swrafad unda memuSava. ra meqna?
unda gameZlo, Tundac Tan gadavyolodi.
unda damemtkicebina miwisaTvis, Rirseuli mflobeli var-meTqi. ukve adamiani aRar viyavi - manqanad gadaviqeci.
pamidvris sakref avtomatad, romelic
yovelgvari daxmarebis gareSe muSaobs.
Tanac yovelgvar amindSi, romelic
krefs, fuTavs, swevs, miaqvs, krefs, fuTavs... mere saxeluri gadaiweva, kalaTi gaqandeba da sazidavze ideba. gaqandeba da ideba. mze ki sul ufro da
ufro ikbineboda, mtveri da ofli
mWamda. ofls rom moviwuravdi, pamidvris yvavilis ferfli saxeze mrCeboda.
kacs daJanguli vegonebodi. 27 agvistos 312 kalaTa movkrifeT. ra movuxerxoT amdens! avdeqi da sakomisio kantoras Cavabare, raTa male davbrunebuliyav ukan da kvlav damekrifa.
- sam-oTx dReSi Ceks gamogvigzavnian,
TiTo kalaTaSi sul cota ocdaCvidmet
cents mogvcemen - axla kargi bazariameTqi, - vuTxari elenes, roca Sin
movbrundi. magram im Rames qariSxali
atyda. fanjrebze setyva akakunebda da
Semdeg mamapapuri wvima daiwyo. cas
arc meore da mesame dRes Seukravs
piri. mindorSi gasvlac ki ver SevZeli
- webosaviT talaxi idga.
kviras kaSkaSa mzem gamoanaTa da
SuadRisas ukve vnaxeT, rac dagvtyomoda
Tavs - mTeli pamidori miwaze iyo dafenili da eqvs akrian qoTanSi ifuTeboda. yvelaferi gaTavda.
- rac aris, aris, - vTqvi me, roca
Cemi mamuli Semoviare. aravis brali
araa. uaresic SeiZleboda momxdariyo. pirveli kalaTebis gayidviT aRebuli fulis umetesoba xarjebze wavi-

da. axla imiT, rasac komisioneri gamogzavnis, sasuqis vals gadavixdiT da
rac rCeba, mogeba iqneba. me mgoni, amjerad kargad wava Cveni saqme.
ori dRis ganmavlobaSi, sanam fostalions vucdidiT, elenes vekiTxebodi, im fuliT ra viyidoT-meTqi. bolos
paketi miviReT. gavxseniT. Sig Ceki
ido. amayad Sevitane oTaxSi.
55.75 waikiTxa elenem. raRac Secdomaa. 55.75?! SeuZlebelia.
elenem konvertidan mogrZo raRac
amoiRo: - 163 kalaTi 38 centad =
61.94 minus 10% 55.75, 149 kalaTa gadaiyara.
- gadaiyara?
- ho, gadayares, - elene fanjaras
miadga da bostans dauwyo mzera, - maT
yvelafris gakeTeba SeuZliaT.
gulze raRac momawva. arc ki gamagebines. wamoviRebdi da damSeulebs davurigebdi quCaSi. gadayares, Cemi pamidori filadelfiis mdinaris fskerzea.
iqneb jer kidev mTelebia, wiTlebi,
prialebi. axla, albaT, im mdore mdinaris fskerze, lamSi yria da lpeba, Cemi
Sroma wyalSi Cayares.
iqneb vinmes moswonda aseTi cxovreba, me ki ara. isev samsaxurs mivubrundi.
amis Semdeg xSirad mifiqria, magram verasodes mivxvdi, Tu ratom xdeba,
rom kacs miwa da orive xeli aqvs da
lukmapurs ki vera Soulobs. warmoudgeneli ambavia! maS, Tavidan rogor
aSenda es qveyana? ara, raRac mizezia.
magram ra?
Zia vano marad
icocxlebs

Cvens fermaSi xeebis rgva daviwyeT.

gvindoda sibereSi tye gvqonoda. aTasobiT patara, totis odena xe davrgeT.
saSobao mwvane naZvebi, fiWvebi, romlebSic SaSvebi iWaxWaxebdnen, aryis xeebi,
romlebic laRad izrdebian xolme.
Sua muSaobaSi rom viyaviT garTulni, fostalionma orjer daiCxavla WiSkarTan - depeSa! depeSa!
igi emilias gamoegzavna:
,,miiReT Cemi salami da kocna. cudi
ambavi unda SegatyobinoT. CamodiT dasaflavebaze. Zia joni mokvda~.
Zia vano aRar aris!
guli mwuxarebiT agvevso da irgvliv TiTqos Camobnelda kidec.
Zia vano mokvda? raRac sicariele
vigrZeni mkerdSi. viRa gamaxsenebs samSobloSi gatarebul dReebs, Cven sofels? viRa gaixsenebs im dros, roca
jaridan gamoqceuli petre SevifareT,
bucas oinebs, an imas, vercxliT moWedili qarqaSis gakeTebaSi jildo rom
miviRe? viRa ixarxarebs, roca movyvebi,
policiis ufrosi rom daTvra da saRoreSi daiZina?
aravin!
vin momijdeba sufraze gverdiT
da vin dalevs im megobrebis sadRegrZelos, romlebsac marto Cven orni
vicnobdiT. aRaravin momitans SesakeTeblad Tavis xaraxuras - gatexil
danebs, gafuWebul eleqtroreklamebs,
zambara gawyvetil fonografebs, xorcis
sakep manqanebs. biWo gogiasac aravin
damiZaxebs. ara, marto Zia vano ki ar
damikargavs! - masTan erTad TiTqos
samSoblos nawilic davkarge!
didi dasaflaveba gvqonda. me mgoni, TviTonac nasiamovnebi darCeboda,
rom daenaxa. kubo eklesiis SuagulSi
iyo dasvenebuli da irgvliv imdeni
yvavilebi elaga, baRi gegonebodaT. vardebi, mindvris zambaxebi, mixakebi, yviTeli
nargizebi, sumbulebi... viRac bavSvma
damWknari iebis Taiguli moutana. igi
winaT arasodes minaxavs, magram Zia
jonma, albaT, masac dasdo amagi.
besom sanTlebi Camogviriga. sanTlebi saTiTaod ainTo.
sul cota samasi kaci iqneboda.
ori pitsburgidan iyo, erTi virjiniidanac ki Camosuliyo. sanam mRvdeli
fsalmuns kiTxulobda da musika ukravda, me Cvens bolo Sexvedraze vfiqrobdi. es sul oriode kviris win iyo.
kaliforniidan gamosvlis Semdeg
Zia vanom erTi patara restorani SeiZina ,,meoTxe quCaze~, magram erT dRes
mobezrda da imave dRes eqvsi Tu Svidi
rusi Seiamxanaga. RamiT yvela erTad
movida sabuTebis gasaformeblad da

Tan TiTo advokati moiyvanes. pirvelad
cota areuloba moxda, magram bolos
morigdnen da mTlianad gadaixades TavTavianTi wili.
- upirveles yovlisa, - miTxra Zia
vanom, - me imdeni fuli unda gadavdo,
rom igor andreiCs saukeTeso fexi
vuyido. de, kvlav icekvos - esiamovneba.
mere CanCo gaviyolioT, stritze wavideT da danarCeni fuliT sul saCuqrebi vuyidoT Cvens megobrebs.
jer yvela zomisa da yaidis xelTaTmanebiT savse urikis yidva undoda.
- ici, gavagoroT da megobrebis saxlebs CamovuaroT. gamovlen quCaSi
da ramdenic undaT, imdens amoirCeven.
Tan tkbili sityvebic davayoloT. kargi xumroba gamova! ras ityvi amaze?
magram gamyidveli verafriT Seelia
urikas.
- ara uSavs, maSin marto qalebisaTvis avarCev saCuqrebs, - gadawyvita Ziam,
- kacebs ki vaqeifeb.
karga ori saaTi vaTvaliereT vitrinebi. bolos, Zia vanos raRacam mostaca Tvali pirveli sarTulis vitrinaSi.
- wvivsakravebi, - uTxra man noqars,
roca maRaziaSi SevediT, - ai, iseTi,
fanjaraSi romaa - Wrelebi. an ai, isini, farSevangis frTebiani. raime mdidruli.
- noqarma yvelanairi wvivsakravebiT savse yuTi gadmogviRo. Ziam erTi
wyvil wiTel satinis wvivsakravebze
SeaCera arCevani da fasi ikiTxa.
- grosi 12 dolari.
- grosi ras niSnavs?
- 144 wyvils.
- momeciT. amden qals jer ar vicnob,
magram darwmunebuli var, TandaTan gavicnob.
amaSi eWvi ar mepareboda. srul
simarTles ambobda, radgan SeerTebul
StatebSi rom Camovida, rusuli, Turquli, asuruli, somxuri, azerbaijanuli
da qarTuli icoda. bunebrivia, rom
inglisurisaTvis bevri adgili aRar
darCeboda TavSi. amitom, roca romelime saWiro sityvas ver ixsenebda,
ubralod ityoda xolme ,,I luff gon~
da raRa Tqma unda, uamrav megobars
iZenda, gansakuTrebiT qalebs.
roca gareT gamovediT, Zia vanos
axali azri mouvida TavSi:
- gamigone, - uTxra man gamyidvels,
- me minda ramdeni wvivsakravic mimaqvs,
imdeni eJvani viyido qamris balTaze
dasamagreblad. qalebi sul rawkaruwkiT iseirneben. raRac araCveulebrivi
ram iqneba!

- Zviri dagijdebaT, marto jafa
iangariSeT...
Zia vanom fuli gauwoda.
- xarji ra saxsenebelia, ai, fuli.
gaxsovdes, biWo, - momibrunda Zia, roca saCuqars yidulob, yovelTvis
raime Zvirfasi SearCie, an arada, sul
nu iyidi.
rogor SeiZleboda Zia vanosTana
kaci momkvdariyo?
kaci, romelsac ase uyvarda qveyana,
romelic ase daumegobrda cxovrebas.
magram Zia vano aRar iyo da axla sacecxlurs aqanavebdnen, irgvliv sakmevlis suni dgeboda. mere loculobdnen...
magram Zia vanos arc gundruki sWirdeboda da arc locva, rac ki sikeTe
daeTesa, kubos irgvliv mdgomTa saxeebze waikiTxavdiT, maT cremlebSi dainaxavdiT, cremlebSi, romlebic almasiviT brwyinavdnen sanTlis Suqze.
sawyali CanCo moSorebiT idga, magram Zia vanos saxidan sudara rom
axades, mivida da saxeze akoca, mere kidev mobrunda, kidev da kidev...
mklavSi movkide xeli da vuTxari:
- modi, cota xniT gverdze gavdgeT,
Zia vanos sxva megobrebic hyavda.
- giorgi ivaniC, - Zlivs amoiluRluRa sawyalma biWma, - Zia jonma damtova, ratom damtova, ratom?!
- asea, CanCo! yvelani davixocebiT!
- vajavrebdi xolme. Zalian xSirad.
magram gana gangeb. TviTonac icoda,
rom uneblieT momdioda.
- icoda, CanCo, icoda.
- me sulelad mTvlian. yvela ase
ambobs. biWebi qvebs mesrodnen. marto
Zia jonma icoda, rom giJi ar viyavi.
es qveyana yvelas ekuTvniso, ambobda.
- marTalia!
- o, Zia jon! Zia jon!
- nu, CanCo, nu. igi veRarasodes veRar gamogexmaureba, amiT marto sxvebs
auCuyeb guls!
- axla Zia joni aRaraa da isini
kvlav damiwyeben qvebis srolas.
- ara, CanCo! nu geSinia. Tu ginda,
CemTan wamodi. es qveyana yvelas ekuTvnis,
mec ase vfiqrob, magram marto Zalian
cotas, marto Zia jonis msgavs adamianebs swamT ase!
im civ, nestian dRes yvela didxans
videqiT Zia vanos saflavis piras da
mRvdels vusmendiT. viRacis civi xeli
gulis ficarze mikakunebda, roca saflavidan amoyril miwas Tvals movacilebdi da mezoblebs gadavxedavdi,
maT saxezedac Cem sakuTar SiSsa vxedavdi. TiTqos sarkeSi vixedebodi. iliko,
arsena, kosta - yvelani, muWiT rommi-

57

was ayridnen kubos, fiqrobdnen, neta
vin iqneba Semdegio? iqneb me unda
movkvde Zia vanos Semdeg, samSoblos
moSorebuli. davimarxebi ucxo miwaSi
da Cemi saflavis qvis warwerasac veravin waikiTxavs!
ukan kriWaSekruli davbrundiT.
qelexi antosTan iyo daniSnuli,
magram manam ver daviwyebdiT, sanam zaqaras da besos ar SevarigebdiT. isini
sami weli iyo, rac xmas ar scemdnen
erTmaneTs. mec kvlav unda davmegobrebodi kukulas - rac moxda, unda dagveviwya, da es yvelaferi Zia vanos xsovnis pativsacemad iyo. ZvelisZveli, magram saucxoo adaTia. igi adamians saSualebas aZlevs saflavSi mainc Seasrulos movaleoba, romelic sicocxlis
ganmavlobaSi akisria: tkbili urTierToba daamyaros Tavis megobarTa Soris.
ase rom, oci kaci SemovusxediT
magidas. Cven Zia vanos sulis mosaxsenebeli unda dagvelia da am dRis
Sesaferi kerZi - cxeli Silaflavi
gveWama, - Zalian margebelia axlad gaTxrili saflavis cqeriT akankalebul
da sulierad dacemul xalxisaTvis.
magram gana marto Zia vano vaxsenebT im dRes. yvela movigoneT, vinc ki
sufraze gvaklda. daviTi, romelmac
imdeni iwvala CurCxelis damzadebaze,
raTa aq dabadebul bavSvebs mSobliuri tkbileulis gemo gaegoT. papa monto,
romelic ocdaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi
dauRalavad nadirobda qarTulad molaparakeze da am wlebs dakargulad
ar Tvlida. mere niko, vaso, petria da
bevri sxva. aravin gamogvrCenia. rogorRac am sufram is SeZlo, rasac veraviTari sityvebi ver SeZlebda - gamogvabruna da imis imedi Cagvisaxa, rom, roca
ki vinme megobari sufras miujdeboda,
Cvenc mogvigonebs. amaze meti ra unda
inatros kacma?
rogorc yvelaferi amqveynad, Cveni
sufrac dasasruls miuaxlovda. iliko
wamodga da bolo Wiqac Zia vanos saxseneblad aswia:
- am patara WiqiT me minda im kacis mosaxsenebeli davlio, romelic
imdenad Wkviani aRmoCnda, rom qoneba
ar dagvitova, raTa erTmaneTs ar wavkidebodiT. qonebis nacvlad man Tavisi
gemovneba dagvitova da Tan mTeli Tavisi cxovrebiT gvaswavla, Tu rogor
unda moixmaro erTica da meorec. amqveynad jer kidev uamravi ramaa mosagvarebeli, amitom, de mRvdelma momitevos, Tu cotaTi Sevcvli bibliis im
sityvebs, romelic man sasaflaoze waikiTxa. cota sxvanairad vityvi - Cven

58

sikvdilis wiaRSic vcocxlobT. amin!
sadRegrZelo

- modi, wveuleba gavmarToT, - vuTxari elenes, rogorc ki bankidan gamovediT.
- axla ratomRa?
- me xom bolo Sesatani gadavixade,
me xom erTi nagleji amerikuli miwis
mflobeli gavxdi.
- sababis gamonaxva ar giWirs. rodis
movawyoT da vin davpatiJoT?
- aRdgomaa... yvela unda davpatiJoT,
yvela Cveni qarTveli da amerikeli
megobari. Zalian didi qeifi unda gadavixadoT. iseTi, rom momavalSi raimes
rom mohyvebian, aRniSnon, es ambavi Cvens
qeifamde moxda Tu qeifis Semdeg.
- yvelaze kargad sad viqeifeT, Tu
gaxsovs? - mkiTxa elenem.
- Zneli saTqmelia. mgoni, besos qaliSvili rom gaTxovda, maSin, - vupasuxe cota fiqris Semdeg, - gaxsovs,
sam dRes ukravdnen musikosebi. axal
sufras rom gaSlidnen, xonCebiT cxelcxeli Wadebi mohqondaT xolme. Zalian
kargi iyo. Sen romeli mogewona yvelaze
ufro?
- ilikosTan rom viyaviT Soba Tu
aRdgoma iyo, mgoni, aRdgoma. vaso iyo
Tamada. sufras uZRveboda da axalaxal sadRegrZeloebs gvTavazobda. erTi SesaniSnavi ram Tqva - viRacam Wiqa
aswia sadRegrZelosaTvis: - es iseT
kacs gaumarjos, visac Tavisi qveynis
winaSe Rvawli miuZRviso. vasom upasuxa:
kacma rac unda gaakeTos, samSoblos
vals mainc ver gadaixdiso. kargi naTqvamia, ara?
- ai, ra damamaxsovrda yvelaze ufro,
- ganagrZo elenem, - ori saaTi iyo, magidas rom mivusxediT. Tevzi, salaTa,
- ra ginda, rom sufraze ar yofiliyo;
ori saaTis Semdeg namusreviRa darCa.
emiliam aalaga da axali sufra daafina - wiwilebi da lori mogvarTva.
dilamde eqvsi sufra gamocvala. meeqvsed zewari gadaafara sufras!..
- me waval, sadme goWs viSovi, ezoSi
Samfurze SevwvaT.
- me yvelafers movamzadeb, rac ki
vici, sul yvelafers.
- oRond icode, rasac moamzadeb,
yvelaferi blomad iyos.
xalxi davpatiJeT, SabaTs Cvidmeti
kaci da oTxi bavSvi gvestumra. Cvenianad ocdasami movdrovdiT.
- kargia, - vuTxari elenes, - amaze
arc meti vargoda da arc naklebi.
asec gamodga. oTx saaTze sufras
rom SemovusxediT, swored imdeni viya-

viT, ramdenic kargi qeifisaTvisaa saWiro. yvela siamovnebiT Seudga Wamasmas. vimRereT qarTuli simRerebi. amerikelma megobrebma sapasuxod SesaniSnavad imReres romeliRac saxlze
kentukSi, sadac isini winaT cxovrobdnen da viRac ledis Sesaxeb, romelic muxlmoyrili ukravda banjos:
imReres gaWirvebaSi Cavardnil kovboebze. imReres yvela lamazi kolejuri
simRera. Cemi azriT, isini yvelaze lamazi simRerebia amerikaSi, gansakuTrebiT ki fexburTis Sesaxeb, Zalian musikaluri TamaSi unda iyos, kargi sayurebeli iqneba.
erT-erTi mandilosani estoneli
iyo - vera petres asuli. yvelam erTad
Tqva, rom kaliforniis universitetis
himni da estonuri simRera, romelsac
Zeobaze mRerian xolme, erT hangze imRerebao. didxans imReres da Zalianac
isiamovnes. xandaxan momRerlebs bedi
Seiwyalebda da motive erTmaneTs daemTxveoda xolme, maSin ki namdvili
dueti gegonebodaT.
diax, kargi xalxi movgrovdiT. me
avdeqi, bodiSi movixade da ezoSi gavedi,
mindoda gulSi CamWedoda, mindoda samudamod dammaxsovreboda xeebs Soris
darxeuli hangebi, sakvamuridan amosuli
kvamlis bolqvebi, Semwvari xorcis, namcxvrisa da erbos surneli, romelic
samzareulos Ria karidan gamodioda,
oqrosfrad ganaTebuli fanjrebi da
xalxi - Cem saxlSi molxenili xalxi!
roca oTaxSi Sevbrundi, stumrebi
kvlav mRerodnen: ,,vis utovebs kaci
saxl-kars, roca omSi gaiwveven?!~ ikiTxa petres Zlierma banma, ,,cols
utovebs, erTgul colsa~, - upasuxa
besos tkbilma moZaxilma da Semdeg
yvelam erTad gaimeora: ,,cols utovebs,
erTgul colsa, roca omSi gaiwveven~.
- me axla bolo Wiqa minda davlio, - Tqva petrem, - Cvenma Tamadam,
roca simReris xma miwyda, - Tumca
jer TerTmeti saaTia, magram xval aRdgomaa da Tavi unda SemovinaxoT.
meore dilas Cven, ucxoelebma, Cveulebisamebr erTmaneTi gadavkocneT da
aRdgoma mivuloceT erTmaneTs, ,,qriste
aRsdga~.
- lamazi Cveulebaa, - Tqva misis
betim, - romelic sauzmes uwyobda bavSvebs, - ras niSnavs ,,qriste aRsdga?~
me vuTargmne, rasac niSnavda. unda
upasuxoT - ,,WeSmaritad~. es niSnavs:
me mwams, namdvilad mjera, rom aRsdga.
es Cveneburi milocvaa, Tqven, amerikelebma xom iciT aRdgomis milocva bednier aRdgomas gisurvebTo, ambobT.

- Tqveni sjobs, ,,qriste aRsdga~,
Zalian momwons. lamazi da Wkvianuria,
aRdgoma dilisaTvis ,,qriste aRsdga~.
- qriste aRsdga, - SemogvZaxa besom,
samzareuloSi Semovida da gadagvkocna.
- mjera Tu rogor ambobT? ho,
namdvilad mwams, rom aRsdga, - upasuxa
misis betim, - me ki megona aTeisti
iyav, beso.
- var kidec. aviRoT, magaliTad,
adamisa da evas ambavi...
- vici, guSin ar mixsnidi? magram
ratomRa ambob, qriste aRsdgao!
- ratom? - beso, cota ar iyos,
Secba, - marto imitom, rom akaki aTeistia... petre, Saliko! man orive ororjer gadakocna da ganagrZo: - kaci
Tu aTeistia, zrdiloba ar unda hqondes. - vis unda saaRdgomo kvercxi
davurtya?
- me, me, - Semoesivnen besos bavSvebi.
- ara, jer is kvercxebi monaxeT,
Tqveni saxelebi rom aweria, aseTia wesi... ukve i poveT? wveriT unda davartyaT, - ai, ase. me daviWer, Sen daartyam,
gatexili kvercxi gamtexisaa. wagebuli jarimasac ixdis, magram es wagebuli
me ar viqnebi, ara! maSin besoc aRar
viqnebi! aba, modis! rao? Cemi gatyda?
eg rogor moxda? aba, es meore vcadoT.
bavSvebi xtunviT uvlidnen besos
garSemo da exvewebodnen: axla me, axla
me! besos oTxi kvercxi gautexes. man
jibidan oTxi saCuqari amoiRo da magidaze Caamwkriva.
- saocaria, - amoixvneSa besom, yvelam rogor majoba! giorgi, meore
aRdgomas qvis kvercxi unda gamikeTo.
lurjad SevRebav, movxatav da yvelas
vajobeb. oRond sityva ar dagcdes
vinmesTan!
oTxive bavSvma uaris niSnad Tavi
gaaqnia, oTxive aWylopinda: ara, ara!

- ai, yoCaR, samagierod oTxives SegiamxanagebT.
sauzmis Semdeg cecxli davanTeT.
roca nakverCxali dacvivda, goWi Samfurze wamovageT, miwaze CarWobil orkapa joxebze gavdeT da manam vatrialeT, sanam ar daibrawa da tkacatkuci ar daiwyo. Soriaxlo Cacucqul
ZaRlebs enebi gadmoegdoT da mSieri
TvalebiT miSterebodnen Cvens goWs.
xalxic am dReSi iyo.
im dRes Tamadad Saliko iyo da
kargadac gaarTva Tavi saqmes. simRera
ar wydeboda, Wiqebi icleboda, iseT
sadRegrZeloebs ambobda, rom yurSi
ki ara pirdapir gulSi gvxvdeboda.
- aba, smena iyos, - Tqva man bolos, Cven mravali sadRegrZelo SevsviT
dRes - sufris wevrebisa saTiTaod,
bavSvebis, mSoblebis, Cveni diasaxlisis, ojaxis ufrosisa, axla erTi gansakuTrebuli sadRegrZelo minda davlioT. petre, Sewyvite, genacvale, mag
Txilis mtvreva da momismine.
- siamovnebiT. neta ufro didi
yurebi mqondes, maSin ukeTesad mogismendi. me gismen da ufro metic - vsvam.
viRacam Wiqa Seuvso petres. man
sinaTleze gaxeda Rvinos.
- SesaniSnavi Rvinoa. gamdnari la-

liviTaa. imedi maqvs, karg sadRegrZelos ityvi, Saliko, - am Rvinos rom
Seefereba, iseTs...
- sanam Semawyvetinebdnen, geubnebodiT, gansakuTrebuli sadRegrZelo unda
davlio-meTqi. hoda, am patara WiqiT
samSoblos gaumarjos. Cven gvixaria,
rom sufrasTan amden amerikels vxedavT. gansakuTrebiT imitom, rom winaT maT pativi gvces - TavianT farTo
sufrasTan migviwvies da guluxvad
gagvimaspinZldnen. Cven vcdilobdiT
kargi stumrebi vyofiliyaviT da imedi maqvs, viyaviT kidec. es erTi samSobloa. maT garda mravali sxvadasxva erovnebis adamiani SevikribeT aq qarTvelebi, rusebi, berZnebi, latvielebi, estonelebi, irlandielebi - namdvili erTa ligaa. me vsvam yvelas
samSoblos sadRegrZelos da roca
vxedav, Tu rogor mSvidobianad vsxedvarT erTmaneTis gverdiT, mwams, rom
mTeli msoflio mogvbaZavs. bolos da
bolos, es xom bednieri cxovrebis
erTaderTi gzaa. maS ase - samSoblos
gaumarjos!
- siamovnebiT vsvam, - vTqvi me, samSoblos gaumarjos, samSoblos, romlis iataki dedamiwaa, Weri ki zeca.
dasasruli

Cveni megobaria eqimi merab boTeraSvili
msxvili varikozuli venebis
yvelaze Sedegiani meTodi

mkurnalobis

tkivilis gareSe!
nawiburebis gareSe!
narkozis gareSe!

lazeriT
2177 65th st.
Brooklyn, NY 11204
1-718-238-1555

uaxloesi da

eqim

merab boTeris

59

jorj balanCini rTuli da Znelad
Sesacnobi fenomenia. misi maRali xelovnebis arsi, saidumloeba, xibli da
specifika profesiuli gansjisa da
Sefasebis saqmea. Amdenad, Cven ara gvaqvs
pretenzia, jorj balanCinis sabaleto
jadoqrobis arsi da Taviseburebani
ganvsajoT.
es Cvens kompetencias aRemateba.
amjerad, Cveni mokrZalebuli survili da mizania, samSoblos gareT, Soreul qveyanaSi, am amerikeli qarTvelis
moRvaweobis, didebisa da popularobis
ambavi zogadi StrixebiT warmovaCinoT
qarTveli mkiTxvelisaTvis.
balanCinis saxeli amerikaSi legendad aris qceuli. igi miaCniaT im qveynis Svilad, romlis xelovnebam dai pyro amerika da msoflioSi moaxdina
sabaleto xelovnebis revolucia. igi
pirveli Svilia qarTveli kompozitoris meliton balanCivaZisa. misi Zmac,
andria, cnobili kompozitoria.
meliton balanCivaZe axalgazrdobisas swavlobda ruseTSi, peterburgSi,
aq eziara igi sabaleto xelovnebas,
aqve daojaxda, colad SeirTo vasilievas qali, romlis erTgulebiTa da
TanadgomiT TvalsaCino warmatebasac
miaRwia xelovnebis urTules sferoSi.
maT SeeZinaT sami Svili - ori vaJi
da erTi gogona. samive peterburgSi
gaizarda da Camoyalibda Rirseul moqalaqeebad da moRvaweebad.
umcrosi Zma, andria dabrunda saqarTveloSi da TbilisSi ganagrZo SemoqmedebiTi muSaoba, ufrosi Zma - giorgi
ki peterburgSi darCa. igi saimperatoro qoreografiuli saswavleblis
da peterburgis konservatoriis aRzrdili iyo. sabaleto xelovnebas eufleboda rusuli sabaleto skolis
safuZvelze. erT-erTma maswavlebelma
(diagilevi) balanCins moRvaweobis dasawyisSi gamoucvala gvari da jorj
balanCini daarqva.
misi amerikeli biografi uolter
soreli werda -@`balanCini, romelSic
qarTuli sisxli Cqefs, 27 weliwadze
metia - amzadebs da aSalaSinebs klasikuri baletis amerikel ostatebs, sWeds da hqmnis mocekvaveTa erovnul kadrebs~. swored, am xnis ganmavlobaSi
balanCinma daimsaxura is, rom sityvebi
`balanCinis mowafe~ umaRlesi mocekvavis sinonimia. man Seqmna amerikis
klasikuri baletis Tanamedrove stili da amisaTvis saucxood gamoiyena
iqauri pirobebi. plastikuri mravalferovnebiT da uecari mxatvruli elementiT balanCins siamovnebiT adareben

60

simon arvelaZe - 95
Jurnalis am nomris gamocemisas saqarTveloSi aRniSnaven quTaisis sapatio
moqalaqis, kritikosisa da poetis, baton simon arvelaZis 95 wlis
iubiles. mkiTxveli sazogadoeba mas kargad icnobs cnobili naSromiT `omgadaxdili vefxistyaosani~.
ramodenime xnis win ki Cvenma redaqciam saCuqrad miiRo misi rCeuli nawarmoebebis tomeulebi da axali wignic - `Soreuli Tavisianebi~.
vuerTdebiT saiubileo RonisZiebebs da gTavazobT or narkvevs am wignidan.

marcxnidan
simon arvelaZe

mxolod pablo pikasos.
1904 wels gavrcelda sagazeTo informacia:@`ruseTis imperators ar moewona peti pas romeliRac dadgma da
Teatris baletmaisteroba CamoarTva
mas~. imave wliT daTariRebul erTerT baraTSi peti pa werda:@`me Zalian
bevri ram gavakeTe ruseTSi, axla ki
ase udierad gamomagdes. yvelaferi gaTavda baletSi~.
es baraTi 8 ianvars aris dawerili.
meore dRes, 9 ianvars daibada qarTveli biWi, romelmac, jorj balanCinad
qceulma, mTeli Tavisi cxovrebiT daamtkica, rom baletSi arasodes araferi
mTavrdeba.
jorj balanCinis genialobis naTelsayofad friad mniSvnelovania 2004
wels ruseTSi gamarTuli festivalis
`balanCinis saukune~ (1904-2004) mravalferovani programa. es iyo ruseTamerikis proeqti, riTac kidev erTxel
miages pativi meoce saukunis erT-erTi udidesi qoreografis xsovnas.
`usazRvro da ukidegano balanCini~
- aseTi saTauriT daibeWda `litera-

turnaia gazetaSi~ (n189, 2004 w.) arkadi sosnovis statia, romelSic moTxrobilia kamaTis Taobaze festivalis
ruseT-amerikis proeqtis monawileTa
Soris. statiaSi naTqvamia, rom ruseTs
jer ar unaxavs amdeni da aseTi raodenobiT balanCini. xazgasmulia is, rom
ruseT-amerikis proeqtma, romelmac gaaerTiana adamianebi, romlebisTvisac Zvirad fasobs baletis brwyinvale inovatoris Semoqmedeba da memkvidreoba,
misca dasabami agreTve saintereso kamaTs imis Sesaxeb, Tu romel erovnul
skolas ekuTvnoda es geniosi xelovani.
am statiaSi srulad aris warmodgenili polemika festivalis okeanis
gadaRmeli stumrebisa rus kolegebTan.
mkiTxvelisaTvis interesmoklebuli ar
iqneba, gavacnoT aq gamoTqmuli ramdenime mosazreba:
pirveli versia: jorj balanCini
aris rusuli warmoSobis amerikeli
qoreografi, amerikam misca mas fuli
da Ziebis Tavisufleba. balanCinma Camoayaliba amerikuli baleti;
meore versia: balanCini aris rusi

qoreografi, romelic bedis ukuRmarTobis gamo cxovrobda da muSaobda
amerikaSi. yvelaferi daiwyo patara dasiT, mxolod ruseTidan Catanili klasikuri codna-ganaTlebis safuZvelze.
statiis avtori arkadi sosnovi
SeniSnavs, rom es kamaTi Rimilis momgvrelia. Tavad igi gvTavaTobs axal
Tavisebur versias: balanCini daibada
ruseTSi da aqve Camoyalibda rogorc
xelovani. es moxda revoluciisa da
poeziis saukuneebis mijnaze.
`balanCini aris Cveni wvlili msoflios kulturaSi~ - aseTia misi kategoriuli daskvna. amave mosazrebas iziareben Turme xelovnebaTmcodne stupnikovi da sxva peterburgeli baletomanebi. boloTqmaSi a. sosnovi axmovanebs
aseT mosazrebasac - Cvens saswavleblebSi, vaganovas sistemis swavlebasTan
erTad, unda SemoviRoT balanCinis teqnikis gakveTilebi, movamzadoT mocekvaveebi misi qoreografiisaTvis, romelic
ase exmianeba saukunis dinamikas. albaT,
es iqneba morigi Tanmimdevruli da
Zalze saWiro nabiji rusul baletSi
im didostatis dabrunebisa, romelic
Tavis Tavze ase ambobda: `sisxliT
qarTveli var, kulturiT - rusi, erovnebiT peterburgeli~, - es erTob ucnauri
interpretaciaa sosnovis mxridan genetikurad, sisxliT qarTveli, xom
igive erovnebiT qarTvelia~

* * *
Soreul amerikaSi moRvawe balanCini
ar iviwyebda Tavis erovnul fesvebs,
aseve meore samSoblos - ruseTsac.
igi araerTxel ewvia saqarTvelos, sxva
erovnul respublikebsac - ruseTsa
da ukrainas.
rogorc misi Zma andria statiaSi
`Cemi Zma - jorj balanCini~ werda, genialuri balanCini miwveviT bevr qveyanaSi dgamda speqtaklebs, hqonda didi
Semosavali. es Tanxa uklebliv xmardeboda sabaleto xelovnebis ganviTarebis
saqmes. mTeli cxovreba man balets
Seswira, sxva gataceba mas ar hqonia.
1972 wels balanCini ewvia saqarTvelos. manamde gastrolebi hqonda kievSi,
moskovSi, leningradSi da TbilisSi.
aq, filarmoniis did darbazSi, maT
waradgines axali da Zveli dadgmebi.
balanCins Sexvedrebi hqonda xelovnebis TvalsaCino qarTvel moRvaweebTan,
amave dros gaecno Tavisi Zmis - andrias
axal balets `mTebis guli~. mas ZmisTvis uTqvams: `mTel balets ar davdgam,
misgan aviReb musikalur nomrebs, aviReb
agreTve nawyvets simfoniidan, Sens `xorums~ qalTa cekvad gadavakeTeb da
karg `xarSos~ gavakeTeb~.
uaRresad mniSvnelovani iyo balanCinis sabaleto dasis Camosvla samSobloSi, sadac did xelovans ojaxis
wevrebTan da megobrebTan erTad mTe-

li Tbilisis sazogadoebrioba daxvda.
kompozitori biZina kvernaZe igonebs: `balanCinma, quTaisSi, winaprebis
saflavis naxva moinatra. gavyeviT, miviwyebuli saflavis ZebnaSi kokispirulad gawvimda. batoni andria gvamxnevebda, moiTmineT, megobrebo, Cemi Zma
apoloni mova da moitans namdvil xvanWkaras. ukve dagvadga yarauli: vina
xarT Tqven, am wvimaSi rom daabotebTo.
roca gaigo Cveni vinaoba, iqve, viRacis
saflavze migviTiTa. amasobaSi gamoCnda apolonic doqiT xelSi, romelsac
sacobi fuCeCi avardnoda da wvima
Cadioda Sig. dalieT, amxanagebo, kargi
wvimiani Rvinoo, gviTxra. Zmis rekomendaciiT jorjmac morCilad Sesva originaluri neqtari.
ramdenime dReSi Zalian SeveCvieT
da gamgzavrebisas gulaCuyebul megobrebad davcildiT erTmaneTs. STabeWdileba am fantastikuri feriisagan zmanebad SemogvrCa dRemde~.
mogonebidan sagulisxmoa agreTve
meore momenti: Tavis droze poet zomleTels andria balanCivaZisaTvis uTxovia, daewera musika mis leqsebze.
albaT, eloda romantikul, mRelvare
romanss da daiwyo kiTxva: `tyes SiSians,
uRranians, gauvlians, pirSavians...~ baton
andrias miamiturad dausvams kiTxva:
`Jnrelf ds yf,hfkb cnjkmrj fhvzy~...

giorgi papaSvili
`
jorj balanCini
amerikel qarTvelTa Soris, genialuri jorj balanCinis garda, gamorCeuli iyvnen mwerlebi da xelovani moRvaweebi: sandro neblo (papuaSvili),
pavle WavWavaZe, moqandake lado gujabiZe, istorikosi-mecnieri Teimuraz bagrationi da sxv.
maT Soris calke unda gamovyoT
mwerali da moqandake giorgi papaSvili,
romelmac iq saxeli gaiTqva ara mxolod skulpturebiT, aramed meoce saukunis 40-ian wlebSi gaxmaurebuli
wigniT:@`qveyana, sadac yvelaferi SeiZleba moxdes~.
giorgi papaSvili warmoSobiT kaxeTidanaa, sofel kobianTkaridan.
daibada 1898 wels. bavSvoba Tavis
sofelSi gaatara. daeufla xelobas
- unagirebis keTebas. am konteqstSi
gavixsenoT erTi epizodi misive monaTxrobidan: `pirveli msoflio omi boboqrobda, jarSi gawveva jer ar miwevda, magram, ratomRac, omisken mimiwevda
guli. avdeqi da qalaqSi Cavedi. vipove

is adgili, sadac sajaro biWebs iZaxebdnen. ufrosTan Sevedi. cota xans moicadeo. roca sxva iq myofebi oTaxidan
gavidnen da Cven orni davrCiT, qarTulad
mkiTxa: saidan Camoxvedi da ra gindao.
vuTxari, saidanac viyavi da Txovnac
gavumeore. wamodga, momiaxlovda, erTi
aliyuli maWama da SublSekrulma miTxra: nikolozis omSi Tavi raT unda
moikla, Se mamaZaRlo, Senao. is ar kmara, rom iq qarTvelebi ixocebiano. axla wadi da Sens saxl-kars mixedeo,
ecade, Sens samSoblos gamoadgeo.
davfiqrdi da mivxvdi, rom alali
iyo is sila CemTvis, - ase daamTavra
am epizodis Txroba da ucxoeTSi gadaxvewis pirveli dReebi gaixsena~.
1918 wels niu-iorkis navsadgurSi
patara berZnulma gemma CauSva Ruza.
mgzavrebi napirze gadmovidnen, maT Soris iyo warmosadegi axalgazrda, romelic Soreuli saqarTvelodan amerikaSi
gadmoixvewa samuSaod. man inglisuri
ar icoda, fulic ar hqonda, gzaSi Se-

moxarjvoda, hqonda xeloba - unagirebis ostatoba. amerikaSi ki vis sWirdeboda am xelobis adamiani?
...TxuTmeti wlis xetialis Semdeg
giorgi papaSvilma colad SeirTo amerikeli mwerali qali helen uaiti,
romlis mziTeviT man patara ferma
SeiZina pensilvaniis StatSi da mamapapis xelobas - xvna-Tesvas mihyo xeli,
amasTan eweoda SemoqmedebiT saqmianobas.
Cvenma Tanamemamulem da misma meuRlem helenma 1938 wels daweres romani,
ufro zustad, avtobiografiuli novelebis wigni `yvelaferi SeiZleba moxdes~. es wigni iTargmna da mravaljer
gamoica msoflios sxvadasxva xalxTa
enebze. 1950 wels wigni Setanil iqna
amerikis rCeuli literaturis biblioTekaSi (es biblioTeka Sedgeba jek
londonis, hemingueis, folkneris, longfelos, mark tvenis, uiliam saroianis
da sxva gamoCenili amerikeli mwerlebis nawarmoebebisagan).
mokled am wignis siuJeturi qar-

61

gisa da popularobis Sesaxeb.
nawarmoebi gviCvenebs meoce saukunis
30-iani wlebis ekonomikuri krizisis,
gaficvebisa da umuSevrobis realistur suraTebs, amave dros - qarTveli
emigrantis mZime Tavgadasavals, samuSaos
Zebnis mravali dabrkolebis daZlevis
faqtebs, imas, Tu rogor egueba igi
amerikuli cxovrebis wess. arc qebas
iSurebs, Tuki raime moewona amerikaSi,
amave dros piruTvnelad aRwers imasac,
Tu rogor miaRwia TvalsaCino warmatebas - mxatvruli literaturisa
da qandakebis Seqmnis xelovnebaSi.
rac Seexeba nawarmoebis popularobas,
igi Targmnilia mraval enaze da iTvleba bestselerad. am wignis mixedviT
amerikelma reJisorma jorj sitonma
holivudSi 1951 wels gadaiRo kinofilmi, romelSic monawileobda kinovarskvlavi xoze fareri. teqnikuri
direqtori iyo dizaineri lado (vladimer) bibiSvili, msaxiobTa Soris
gamoirCeoda aseve qarTveli emigranti
aleqsandre futkaraZe. ase rom, colqmar papaSvilebis erTobliv SemoqmedebiT naSroms, `yvelaferi SeiZleba
moxdes~ TvalsaCino popularoba xvdomia wilad ara marto amerikaSi, aramed
msoflios sxva qveynebSic.
pirveli nawarmoebis aseTi ganuzomeli warmateba TviT avtorebsac ar
mosvliaT fiqradac. erTi kritikosis
TqmiT, es mxatvruli qmnileba iTargmna
TxuTmet ucxo enaze - Cinuris, iaponuris da urdus CaTvliT, evropuli
enebis garda qarTvelma mweralma gaamxiarula da gulianad acina Cineli
da iaponeli mkiTxvelebic.
aRniSnuli wigni mravaljer gamoica meore msoflio omis win da omis
wlebSic. igi uaRresad popularuli
sakiTxavi wigni yofila amerikel jariskacTa da oficerTaTvis, sul gamosula 600 000 cali, rac im droisaTvis umagaliTo movlena yofila.
aman ganapiroba isic, rom wigni iqca
bestselerad da Jurnalma `bestselerma~ kidev mravalaTasiani tiraJiT gamosca ori aTeuli wlis Semdeg. colqmarma papaSvilebma amerikis sazogadoeba kidev erTxel ganacvifres axali wigniT, `Sin, kvlav Sinisaken~, romelic 1973 wels daibeWda.
* * *
giorgi papaSvilma ara mxolod mwerluri SemoqmedebiT moxibla amerikeli mkiTxveli, aramed igi male warsdga
msoflios winaSe, rogorc Cinebuli
moqandake, ara mxolod qvaze, aramed
xezedac. amis Sesaxeb erT-erTi gale-

62

reis kuratori werda:
`giorgi papaSvili gaxlavT bunebrivi da iSviaTi talanti. ar SeuSlia
ra xeli imas, rom mas ar hqonda oficialuri gawvrTna, misma Zlierma SegrZnebam formebisa, igi miiyvana profesiul ganviTarebamde da Caayena Cveni
yvelaze gamoCenili moqandakeebis rigSi~.
upiratesad, mas yvelgan moixseniebdnen, rogorc cnobil moqandakes da
Semdeg mwerals. nekrologSi araerTxel xazgasmiT werdnen: `papaSvili
gardaicvala, emigranti saqarTvelodan
- gaxda msoflioSi cnobili skulptori. giorgi papaSvili, romlis cxovelTa qvis qandakebebma siyvaruli moutana bavSvebs, gardaicvala am qveyanaSi
55 wliani cxovrebis Semdeg, ganaxorciela ra is, rasac SeiZleba ewodos
`amerikuli ocneba~.
mxolod amis Semdeg exeba nekrologis avtori moTxrobas `yvelaferi SeiZleba moxdes~...@jorj papaSvilma datova iseTi maradiuli ram, rogoricaa
misi qandakebebi. Cven man gvaswavla
WeSmariti azri da mniSvneloba megobrobisa, patiosnebisa, pirdapirobisa~.
yovelive zemoT fragmentulad Tqmuli
aris didebuli Sefaseba misi, rogorc
ubadlo pirovnebisa da xelovnisa.
misi qandakebani gamofenili yofila mraval sazogadoebriv dawesebulebaSi, biblioTekebsa da universitetebSi, galereebsa da muzeumebSi. maT
specialistebisagan daumsaxurebiaT maRali Sefaseba, erT-erTi Tayvanismcemelis azriT, `misi namuSevari ubralod,
saucxoo da Cinebulia, romliTac datkbeba momavali Taobebi. me arasdros
minaxavs bavSvebi, romelnic aRtacebuli ar yofiliyvnen misi (papaSvilis)
naSromiT.~
amerikaSi mcxovrebi mwerali givi
kobaxiZe Tavis statiaSi `bunebis motrfiale~ marjved da moxdenilad avlebs paralels vaJa-fSavelasa da papaSvils Soris, uwodebs ra maT bunebis
trfialT da mexotbeT.
igi wers: `vaJa-fSavela bunebis motrfiale iyo da amitomac genios mwerlad Camoiqna. giorgi papaSvili bunebis
trfiali iyo da Tu fSaveli xeebs,
mcenareebs alaparakebda, mTielma giorgim civi qvebi aametyvela. amdenad, isic
geniosTa wyebaSi moeqca...
Cargali da kobiaanTkari Sori-Sors
xom ar arian erTmaneTisagan?
bunebis trfialSi ki, es ori mTieli
qarTveli, tolni arian.
simon arvelaZe

su cetebi myvanan, qmaric da Svilebic. rac magaT ar gaakeTon, is
unda gagikvirdes. Cemma patiosanma
qmarma, me rom momiyvana, im weliwads
xari SeReba, erTi wiTeli hyavda,
erTi Tafla, orive koleqtivisebi.
Cvenao wiTlebi varTo, wiTeli xarebi unda myavdeso, da wavida, iormuRanloSi Cavida, TaTris mola iyo
erTi, imas gamoarTva saRebavi, TaTrebi
wverebs iRebaven imiT, amoitana da
SeReba is Tafla xari. mere, didi
biWi rom gamiCnda, Saliko, Txa gawurTna, or fexze daayenebda, dauZaxebda,
Cemi suleli vin ario, da Txac upasuxebda, - meeo. Tan mee-mees iZaxda,
Tan aegre simrgvliv dadioda da
xalxs Tavs ukravda. kodalebi hyavda,
tyeSi, fuRuroSi enaxa patara bRartebi, ise SeiCvia, dadgeboda Sua
ezoSi, - kuli-kulio, - da Seafrindebodnen aqeT-iqidan oTxni. frontze
rom saxedrebs kudze qvasa hkidebdnen, ar iyroyinono, egec Cemi qmris
mogonilia.
didma biWma, Salikom, omianobas
marxilSi ZaRli Seaba da imiT ezideboda lajebauridan SeSas. patara kidev, amirana, - viRacas eTqva,
mSiSara xaro, - da mTeli zafxuli
naTlimcemlis nangrevebSi iZinebda.
ormocdacametSi, stalini rom miicvala, gorSi wavidnen eqskursiaze, iqidan rom dabrundnen, cxinvaleli gogo Camogvgvara. ra unda gveqna,
viyaviT gamtknarebulebi. brigadels
eTqva Cemi patiosani qmrisTvis, ra
Cumada xarT, xalxo, patarZali xom
moiyvaneTo! Cumadao! gaitana Cemi
mziTvis didi spilenZis taSti Cemma
qmarma da daka! - egeTi braxuni autexa, qalaqSi Cavidoda imisi xma, exla xom gaigoneTo.
- enac finTi aqvT suyvelasa. Cemi qmari iyo, raionidan gadmosul
kacs rom hkiTxa mindorSi, - vina
brZandebiTo. momagrebuli varo. aba,
Svilo, Tu egrea, me mofamfalebuli var da Toxi Sen gamomarTvi, me
cotas wavuZinebo. magaze gadagvekida Tavmjdomare, xe-tyis damzadebaze gagzavna da kinaRam moinela
kidec. mori daeca marcxena fexze
da Zvali mariliviT gadaumtvria.
saxedari magisaTvis gaiCina, saxedari
da taWka, dajdeboda im taWkaze da
imiT dadioda venaxi iyo Tu ra
iyo. xo fexs Zlivs daaTrevda, sicetes mainc ar iSlida. xruSCovobas, saxedrebi rom daiZaxes damza-

debaSi, raikomis mdivanTan mivida da
uTxra, - es saxedari mTel ojaxs
acxovrebs, me araferSi vvargivar, magis
magivrad me CamabareTo. raikomis mdivnis Tanmxleblebi gacecxlebulan, daiWireT es mamaZaRlio, raikomis
mdivans kidev gascineboda da gamoeSva
Cemi qmarica da saxedarica. is saxedari mercxala iyo, is rom mogvikvda,
- ra vici, ra SeWama im ubedurma, Cemma biWebma depeSebi afrines ZmakacebTan, - mercxala dagveRupa da gvewvieTo, pativi gveciTo. iseTi qelexi
gadaixades, zogi kacisTvis ar daxarjula egre. lavaSi uyvarda sawyalsao,
sul Txeli lavaSebi damacxobines.
meore, is saqveynod gasaxelebuli
saxedari, mercxalas mere moiyvanes
kaxeTidan. ver vityvi, iqve erqva, kaxeTSi, Tu Cvenebma daarqves, Saxos
eZaxdnen. iyo eg sacodavi Saxoc TavCaRunuli mSromeli, cameti weliwadi gvemsaxura usayvedurod, xandaxan marto walamze gadasuli. sxva
rom araferi hqonda, walamsa sWamda.
biWebi maSinac manqanebze isxdnen, erTi did manqanaze, meore - Tavmjdomaris kolxoznikze. mainc im sacodav
Saxos edga jafa. venaxi da Sin, Sina
da venaxi, Wala da maRazia, maRazia
da wisqvili. ar daijerebT da, bolos gaWaRaravda, cxvirTanac gaWaRaravda, warbebTanac. mere, Salikom,
didma biWma, pobeda iyida, pobedamde
moskviCi gvyvanda, wiTeli, adgnen da
is moskviCi savenaxed gadades, savenaxedo da Cem patiosan qmarsac aswavles Sofroba. raki imanac iswavla
Sofroba da im moskviCiT dabrZandeboda, Saxo ganTavisuflda. Saxos raRa
vuyoTo! Segrovda sami giJi erTad,
dasxdnen, daiwyes TaTbiri. - Saxos
pensiaSi gasvla ekuTvniso, - Cemma
patiosanma qmarma, - xo sul Tavdadebuli iyo saqmisaTvis, exla erTi kai
gacileba movuwyoT da gavuSvaT Tavisuflado. - ra mama gvyavxar, ra
mamao! - ecnen biWebi, aswies maRla,
Semoatares ezo da gadauSves lobios narCevSi.
iman xom marto es Tqva, Cemma patiosanma qmarma, Tavisuflad gavuSvaTo, biWebma medole da megarmone
moiyvanes, Caabes Saxos wiTeli lenti, dahkides konservis yviTeli saxuravi, viTom didi mendali, daayenes
is medole da megarmone, daakvrevines
sagzao, gauRes pobedis kari Saxos,
miipatiJes, mobrZandiT, batonoo. saxedari nebiT ras Sevidoda, magram Tan

moferebiT, Tan mujlugunebiT, ZaliT
SeWyunes Sig, Tavi marjvniv gaayofines,
Tavic da wiTel lentze dakidebuli
konservis saxuravic. meca vwyevli, Cemi
rZlebic, - gzis maimunebo, soflis masxarebo-meTqi. isini kidev aqeT gvadeben
vals, - egre unda madlis dafaseba?!
cameti weliwadi rom magan gvatara,
erTxel Cven gavaseirnoT, samSoblo
vaCvenoT, iqneb ra guliT unda iqaurobis naxvao! Casxdnen - pobedaSi didi
biWi Saliko da Cemi patiosani qmari,
moskviCSi - patara, amirana, Salikos
biWi SoTa, medole, megarmone da erTic
sarTiWaleli biWi, amiranas Zmobili,
daukres medole-megarmonem gamosamSvidobebeli, mTeli sofeli Cven Tavs
ari. daiZrnen da waiyvanes egre - yroyinyroyiniT, sicil-xarxarSi is sacodavi.
misdeven ukan sxvebic manqanebis pi piniT. daedevna Cveni inspeqtoric, rasa
oinbazoben, ro ionbazobeno, magram cota
xanSi ukan mobrunda siciliT, - raRa
me vawyenino, barem sxvebma daiWiron,
kaxeTSi egre xom ver Cavleno.
im kaxeTSi kidev, soflebi xom soflebzea gadabmuli, aZleven zeimis signalebs; gaaqvs dolsa da garmons dastibubu, erTmaneTs awydeba gzebze gamomdgari xalxi, Cveni cetebi ki sxedan
da midian. saca duqani daxvdebaT, Camovlen, fexs gaSlian, dailocebian, im sawyal Saxos xan xinklebiT gaumaspinZldebian, xan tkbileuliT. misdevs
kaxeTis muqTaoba jelgad.
erT inspeqtors moundomebia nomrebis axsna, magram xalxs ar daunebebia,
Senao, qudi xo ar giWers, aba, TiTi Seiyavi rkalSio. Casulan ese im sofelSi,
sadac Saxo iyo nayidi, miiyvanes swored
im verxvTan da wyarosTan, sadac fuli
hqondaT daTvlili SaxoSi, gadmouyvaniaT manqanidan, gaixarao, gaixarao, Turme rom daaRo piri da amoujda
guli, su RapaRupiT sdioda xalxs
cremlio.
gamosulan imsoflelebi, isini uaresi cetebi, adrindeli patronebi, imisi
biWebi, gauSliaT iqve, verxvis qveS
sufra, Rvino hqoniaT, Rvino, rom ha!
usviaT, uTamaSniaT, qalebic uTamaSebiaT, madlobis werili miuciaT TavmjdomarisTvis beWdiT, - pirutyvis kargi
movlisTvis. isev CausvamT Saxo manqanaSi da iqidan gomborze wamosulan,
amosulan maRla uReltexilze. iq erTi menaxire SehxvedriaT, - esea da ese
saqme, modi, es saxedari Sens naxirs
aayole, iyos, ibalaxos da Cvenze iqneba,
Cven iseTi xalxi varT, CvenTan arafe-

rezo inaniSvili

cetebi
ri dagekargebao. imasac, im menaxires,
rom unaxavs, ra oxrebic iyvnen, Cemi
Tavi Tqven genacvaloTo, gauSvia muxlamde balaxSi. gadmosulan medole
da megarmone, daukravT gamosaTxovari;
im menaxirisTvisac daulevianebiaT,
fulic miuciaT, daukravT erTxelac
da wamosulan.
Sin rom movidnen, isev dagveca
mTeli sofeli. Cven xom gzaSi ver
davlevdiT, dedi, Salikoma da amiranma,
aba gaSaleo, gavSale mec, rac ki mogveZeveboda, iqeifes, imReres, im Rames
kibeze dagorda Cemi patiosani qmari
da kinaRam meored moitexa is motexili fexi. diliT kantoraSi daibares
yvelani, - ra ambavSi xarT, amxanagebo,
Tqvenao. magram, ra ginda, ra! rac Cemebi arian, isic axali Tavmjdomare
gvyavs, su piri Ria aqvs, gazeTSi gagwerTo, magram arc gazeTSi gauweriaT,
arc araferi, su wvrilad SerCaT maimunoba.
gana marto ega? ZaRli gvyavs erTi,
finTi, finTi, rom nazuqsac ki ar geaxlebaT mSralad. is ZaRli Cauvarda
manqanas TvlebSi, gadarCa, marto kudi
gaeWeWya cota. amazec maRariCi gvekuTvniso, da klarnetiT iqeifes dilamde, ZaRlic sul sufrasTan hyavdaT, sufraze winafexebCamowyobili,
Tamada Cemi patiosani qmari iyo. samocdasami wlisa. Saliko unda daejildoebinaT, traqtorze da kombainze
muSaobs exla, magram emagnairi siceteebisTvis aRar daajildoes, arc
Saliko, arc patara, amirana.
kaxelebze xom weRan giTxari, magaTze uaresebi qarTlSi yofilan. cxovreba mosdevT da imisTvisa. ai, kuWi
unda uxmebodeT SimSiliTa da maSin
vnaxoT, rogorc iceteben TavianT nebaze.
amas winaT, Salikos biWs, SoTas,
sami fuTi pamidori gavataneT qalaqSi gasayidad da mtkavelnaxevari aisori patarZali mogvgvara, – es momivida im pamidvris fasado.
meSinian, Svilo, exla ese vlaparakob da guli-gulSi raRaca Zalian
meSinian. meCveneba, rom gamudmebiT viRaca gviTvalTvalebs boroti TvaliT,
Tan gviTvalTvalebs, Tan pirze xels
ifarebs, rom Rimilic ki ar davinaxoT
imisi Cvena.
RvTismSobelo dedav, Sen dagvifare
Seni keTili kalTiTa!

63

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f]bfidbkbc

metaforebi
64

jemal ajiaSvili sul sxvadasxva
viTarebaSi maxsovs. mis araerT saRamos
davswrebivar, lxinis sufrasTanac araerTxel gvisaubria, kolegebic viyaviT
da TanamSromlebic, biWvinTis mweralTa
saxlSi mTargmnelTa seminarsac erTad veswrebodiT. fotoc maxsendeba,
sadac aseve erTad varT aRbeWdilni me, Cemi megobari Tamaz baZaRua da ufrosebi - jemal ajiaSvili da Tamaz
Cxenkeli. samwuxarod, dRes arcerTi
maTgani CvenTan aRar aris.
jemali saintereso mosaubre iyo.
ar uyvarda mentoruli toni da paTetikuri, Tavaweuli saubari. Tavmdabloba da iumori sxvaTagan gamoarCevda.
Tu kargad daakvirdebodi, mis arsebaSi
aRZrul naRvelsac Seatyobdi da amaoebaTa amaoebis SegrZnebasac. sityvauxvi
ar yofila, TiTqos bolomde yvelafris Tqmas erideboda da dumils amjobinebda. arada, isic etyoboda, rom bevrs
fiqrobda da ukve bevri hqonda nafiqri. misi yoveli SeniSvna am xangrZlivi
fiqris nayofi iyo.
maxsovs erTxel literaturaze saubrisas erTma literatorma uTxra:
xodaseviCi mainc ver Seswvdeba mandelStamso. amaze jemalma mokled upasuxa:
„nu vityviT ase“. es wynari pasuxi
Zalian momewona, ara mxolod imitom,
rom maSin ukve vTargmnidi xodaseviCs,
aramed imitomac, rom yovel niWier
poets Tavisi unikaluri niSani aqvs
da es sZens mas mniSvnelobas. asea xodaseviCic.
jemali odnavi wamRerebiT warmoTqvamda Tavis Targmanebs. maxsovs moSe
ibn ezras leqsi:
„sebiao, sebiao,
gaRma bneli gzebiao!..
mogirTvia sxvaTa mdelo,
moginargizebiao“.
iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneboda, TiTqos
mTargmnelisTvis bgerweruli JReradoba, bgerwerul-ritmuli rxeva, JReradi
riTma aniWebda poezias azrs. asec
iyo. ebrauli poeziis mistikuri musikaloba jemalis sulis moZraobas emTxveoda. es misi guliscemis, misi sunTqvis ritmi iyo, amitom miseuli deklamacia STambeWdavad gadmoscemda avtoris RaRadiss.
jemalma bevri ram Targmna. cxadia,
is sruliad gamorCeul poetebs Targmnida. mravalferovania is samyaro,
romelic misi meSveobiT qarTul enaze
ametyvelda. amas imitom vambob, rom
diametrulad gansxvavebuli poetebis
Targmna Tavisebur siZneles qmnis.
vTqvaT, ebrauli poeziisgan savsebiT

gansxvavebulia vladimir maiakovskis
poezia. jemal ajiaSvilis Targmani
leqsisa „saiubileo“ marTlac rom
sanimuSoa sisadaviT da simkacriT, maiakovskiseuli virtozuli riTmiT, rac
qarTulSi ostaturad aris gaSlili
da gadmotanili.
axalgamocemuli jemal ajiaSvilis
100 originaluri leqsi kidev erTxel
warmoaCens saleqso formis avtoriseul flobas. Cven xSirad vmsjelobT
xolme imis Taobaze, Tu ra xarisxiT
flobs poeti leqsis faqturas, mis
mxatvrul inventars. amgvari floba
profesiuli donis maCvenebelia. da
Tumca jemali Tavis TargmanebSi profesiul ostatobas moWarbebuladac amJRavnebda, mkiTxvels mainc gauCndeba
survili misi originaluri Semoqmedebis imave niSniT mosinjvisa.
Cemi azriT, jemalis leqsebSi misive
Targmanebidan bunebrivad gadavida frazeologia, metyveli riTma, RaRadisis
intonacia. „100 leqsSi“ Tavmoyrili
sonetebi TiTqmis imave amaoebaTa amaoebis ganwyobiT aris Seferili, riTac
ebrauli poezia gamoirCeoda. me iseTi
STabWdileba mrCeba, rom jemali bolomde ar gamosula Targmnili avtorebis
Tvalsawieridan, is TiTqos mihyveba im
inercias, romelsac Sua saukuneebis
da aRorZinebis xanis poetebi qmnian.
ase gzadagza iqmneba misi sakuTari
lirika, sadac avtori Zaldautaneblad
TamaSobs ukve Targmnili poetebis aluziebiT da reminiscenciebiT. oRond
es misi ganwyobaa, misi realobaa, romelSic garesinamdvilec irekleba da wignieri samyaroc. ai, vTqvaT, poeti wers
sonets SiSze. da maSinve Tavs iCens
bibliuri motivebi anu, sxvagvarad rom
vTqvaT, mwignobrul realiebs empiriuli realoba gadaenaskveba:
„SiSiT Camkvidrda kidurebSi
zamTris sizante,
SiSma aota kaenidan modgma abelTa,
SiSi CagiTrevs, umsgavsobas
vidre izamde,
da jambaziviT CagaoTxebs
Camwydar sabelTan“.
sonetis es strofi TavisTavad metyvelebs im simbiozze, romelic yovelTvis ara, magram xSirad aris damaxasiaTebeli poeti - mTargmnelebisTvis.
boris pasternaki ambobda, rom originalis msgavsad, Targmani sityvierebis
nimuSis ki ara, cxovrebis cxovelmyoflobis STabeWdilebas unda tovebdeso. amis miRweva Znelia. vTqvaT, pasternakis mier Targmnili baraTaSvilis
leqsebidan, am niSniT yvelaze gamorCe-

ulia Targmani leqsisa „cisa fers“.
jemal ajiaSvilis Targmnili ebrauli poezia, petrarkas da miqelanjelos
sonetebi iseTive emociur zemoqmedebas axdens mkiTxvelze, rogorc misi
originaluri leqsebi. emociuri zemoqmedebis TvalsazrisiT gansxvaveba aq
minimumamdea dayvanili. da Tu arsebobs
gansxvaveba, albaT im niSniT, rom ebrauli poeziis metrul-riTmuli struqtura ufro mravalferovani, ufro JReradi da paTetikur-zeaweulia, vidre
originaluri leqsebisa. es ganapirobebs arqauli siZvelis mZafr SegrZnebas da musikalobis ufro mravalferovan speqtrsac. es musikaloba, romelic saukuneebis wiaRidan moedineba,
mTargmnelma TiTqos sxva instrumentze, sxva, „qarTuli enis qnarze“ gadaitana Tu gadaawyo. rTuli operacia
ki man Tavisi pirovnul-individualuri
sulieri Zalebis daZabviT SeZlo. Zalisxmeva upirveles yovlisa qarTuli
enis flobaSi mJRavndeba. maxsendeba
pol valeris naTqvami: „mwerloba sityvieri xelovnebaa. ukeTesia is, vinc
ukeT flobs Tavis enas“.
am flobam gadawona yovelive, rogorc
ukve vTqvi, iseTi STabeWdileba meqmneba, rom jemalma ukve sakuTar leqsebSi
gverdiT gadado dednebi. mxolod „dedani“ mainc daitova - realoba, Tavisi
pirovnuli samyaro, bediswera da SemoqmedebiTi Txzva ganagrZo. ucnauri is
aris, rom fiqris intonaciis aRmZvrel
mWidro frazeologiasTan erTad originalur SemoqmedebaSi amaoebis ganwyobac
gadmovida. minda moviyvano erTi Zalze STambeWdavi soneti:
„mzis miwurvisas egeosTan
ijda filoni,
cxreboda zRva da mezRvaurebs
tkbili da navsi xmiT izidavdnen
jadosnuri sanapironi
da angelosi nanaobda
zurmuxtis navSi
sadafis mTebze iRvreboda
ucxo mironi
da mgels, romelic satrapezod
patara farexSi davsvi,
cxovarTan saZmod ganawyobda
ca - safironi
da tyispir Tiknebs aZovebda
patara bavSvi,
maxsovs sxva xilvac, aqeroni, kuSti qaroni,
qaronis iqiT wyaroni da sxva samyaroni,
qari, romelic legendebSi
dRemde xorxocebs,
odesme am zRvas sxvanairi

jadoTi kravda,
gauZlo sulma gamudmebul
metamorfozebs, ucvlelad darCa metafora
mgelTa da kravTa“.
am sonetSi avtori maradisobas usworebs Tvals. maradisobaSi ucvlelia
bunebis movlenebi - qaris qrolva da
zRvis Relva, am movlenaTa xmiereba,
cxadia, legendebSic aris gadasuli
da miTebSic. buneba maradiulia da
ucvleli, kulturas ki adamiani qmnis
da amitomac cvalebadia. cvalebadia
TviTon adamianic, romelic kulturis
wiaRSi cxovrobs. gansxvavebulia,
vTqvaT renesansis adamiani Sua saukuneebis adamianisgan da a.S. maSasadame,
arsebobs metamorfozebi („gauZlo sulma gamudmebul metamorfozebs“), magram
paradoqsTa sferos unda mivakuTvnoT
is, rom amave dros arsebobs kulturis ucvleli gamoxatulebebi. aseTia,
vTqvaT, metafora „mgelTa da kravTa“.
marTalia, es metafora sxvadasxva droSia gamoyenebuli da cvalebadia konteqsti, magram TviTon metaforis Sinaarsi ucvlelia. jemal ajiaSvilis sonetic am paradoqsul viTarebazea agebuli: kulturis wiaRSi konkretuli
metaforis ucvlelobaze.
100 leqsad gamocemuli sonetebi
erT romelime istoriul epoqaze, Zeglze an werilobiT pirvelwyaroze ar
aris mijaWvuli. arc SeiZleba rom
iyos, radgan aseTi garSemoweriloba
originaluri Semoqmedebis gaxsnilobas
Seaferxebda. rogorc zemoT ukve vTqvi,
jemalma ebrauli poeziac ki Tavis
„xmis tembrs“, Tavis qarTul frazeologias, qarTul enas, „qarTulad struqturirebul“ samyaros SeuTanada da,
miTumetes, SeuZlebeli iqneboda originalur SemoqmedebaSi iseTi sazRvrebi
daewesebina, romelic lirikul gznebas da saZraobas SezRudavda. iqneb es
zogadi gansazRvreba iyos, magram mainc
vityvi: sonetebis ciklSi poeti fiqrobs maradiulobaze da im warmavali
drois monakveTze, romelic gangebam
ganuwesa adamians.
jemal ajiaSvilis sonetebSi bibliur-filosofiur realiebs organulad
eTavseba saqarTvelos istoriis realiebi. am ciklSi rusTavelis da guramiSvilis personaJebic warmoCndebian.
mravlismetyvelia toponimikac - qaldea,
iTaka, fazisi, martvili, quTaisi, karaleTi da a.S. magram mTavari mainc poeziaa - istoriis gadasaxedze mdgari
adamianis damnaxveli Tvali da misi
Rrma gancda.
andro buaCiZe

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